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Module 4 Learning Notes

The document defines vector partial differentiation and provides rules for taking partial derivatives of vector-valued functions. It gives an example of computing the partial derivatives of a vector-valued function A with respect to x and y. Specifically, it shows that the partial derivative of A with respect to x is a vector with components equal to the partial derivatives of the individual components of A with respect to x, according to the product and chain rules. Similarly for the partial derivative with respect to y.

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samwel kiwale
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71 views3 pages

Module 4 Learning Notes

The document defines vector partial differentiation and provides rules for taking partial derivatives of vector-valued functions. It gives an example of computing the partial derivatives of a vector-valued function A with respect to x and y. Specifically, it shows that the partial derivative of A with respect to x is a vector with components equal to the partial derivatives of the individual components of A with respect to x, according to the product and chain rules. Similarly for the partial derivative with respect to y.

Uploaded by

samwel kiwale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

4.

VECTOR PARTIAL

DIFFERENTIATION

Definition: For a given vector valued function A depending on more than

one variable, say x, y, z , we then write this as A  A( x, y, z ) Suppose now

the scalar variable x changes by small value x , while other y and z are

held fixed. Then the vector function A changes with respect to the

variable x and is defined as

A  A( x  x, y, z )  A( x, y, z ) 
 lim  
x x0  x 

Similarly for y, z we have

A  A( x, y  y, z )  A( x, y, z )  A  A( x, y, z  z )  A( x, y, z ) 
 lim   and  lim  
y y 0  y  z z 0  z 

Rules for partial differentiation

If A and B are functions of x, y, z then

Notes By JD Madasi
 B A
(i)
x

A B  Ax
 B
x

 B A
(ii)
x

A B  A  
x x
B

Example

A A
If A   4 x3 y  x5  iˆ   e xy  y sin x  ˆj  x 2 cos ykˆ , Find and
x y

Solution:

A
Given that A   4 x3 y  x5  iˆ   e xy  y sin x  ˆj  x 2 cos ykˆ , we need to find
x

A
 12 x 2 y  5 x 4  iˆ   ye xy  y cos x  ˆj  2 x cos ykˆ
x

A
Similarly for we get
y

A
 4 xiˆ   xe xy  y sin x  ˆj  x 2 sin ykˆ
y

Notes By JD Madasi
Exercise 4

1 (a) What is derivative of a vector?

𝜕𝐴
(b) If 𝐴⃗= (2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥 4 )𝑖 + (𝑒 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑗 + (𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑘 find (a)
𝜕𝑥

𝜕𝐴
(b)
𝜕𝑦

1. (a) If A is a vector depending on more than one scalar variable,

say 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 and can be written for 𝐴 = 𝐴(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) how can you

define its first order partial derivatives?

𝜕𝐴
(b) If A = (cos(𝑥𝑦)𝑖 + (3𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥 2 )𝑗 + (3𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑘.Find (i)
𝜕𝑥

𝜕𝐴
(ii)
𝜕𝑦

2. (a) Explain the meaning of partial derivative of 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)

∂(3A) ∂(4A)
(a) If A = (cos(xy)i + (3xy − 2x 2 )j + (3x + 2y)[Link] (i) (ii)
∂x ∂y

Notes By JD Madasi

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