Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 1 of 6

API AGENDA ITEM 650-621

Add ASTM A240, Type 201 Materials to

Appendix S
HANDLED BY:

Steve Braune, braune@[Link]

Tank Industry Consultants
14241 Midlothian Turnpike, #312
Midlothian, Virginia 23113
Phone (804) 897-7176, Fax (804) 897-7178, Cell (804) 307-5609

John Grocki, arc_jmg@[Link]

Industeel USA, LLC
PO Box 1117
Enfield, Connecticut 06083-1117
Phone (860) 985-8430, Fax (860) 668-1930

PURPOSE: To expand the material grades to include various

grades of ASTM A240, Type 201. This agenda will add the 201-1 and
201LN grades of steel.

ORIGIN: Task Group on Stainless Steel Materials (TGSS)

Parallel item to 620-272 (Added 201LN to Appx Q)
STATUS:
‚ Originated Spring 2006 TGSS meeting
‚ Fall 2006… Re-assigned from Miller to Braune & Grocki
‚ Spring 2007… Draft presented, MS&P to SCLB
‚ Fall 2007… First ballot

BUSINESS IMPACT: This agenda item will expand the grades of

stainless steel materials that are available for stainless steel tank
construction. The availability and costs of these grades may
Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 2 of 6

shorten tank construction schedules (shorter delivery) and reduce

the costs of tank construction (lower material costs).

TECHNICAL JUSTIFICATION:

These grades of material are gaining wider acceptance for both tank
and pressure vessel construction. The corrosion resistance is
generally considered to be adequate for many applications in the
petroleum and non-petroleum industries. In additions, these grades
of material have higher allowable stresses which may further reduce
tank construction costs.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND:

Per API Standard 650, Appendix S, the allowable shell design stress
for austenitic stainless steel materials is based upon the following
criteria…

Sd = Lesser of 0.3 T and 0.9 Y

St = 0.9Y

The allowable ring flange design stress for austenitic stainless steel
materials is…

Sd = Lesser of 0.3 T and 2/3 Y

where, T = Minimum Specified Tensile Strength

Y = Minimum Specified Yield Strength

In addition, the values of Young’s modulus (E) was updated to match

those shown in the current edition of ASME Section II, Part D.
Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 3 of 6

For ASTM A240, Type 201LN Material

Y = 45 ksi at room temperature (310 MPa)

T = 95 ksi at room temperature (655 MPa)

Values of T & Y are taken from ASME Code Case 2504-1

Shell Design Stresses for Table S-2

Temperature T Y Sd St
100o F 95.0 45.0 28.5 40.5 ksi
200o F 83.0 36.3 24.9 ksi
300o F 74.1 32.9 22.2 ksi
400o F 70.2 31.1 21.1 ksi
500o F 69.1 30.0 20.7 ksi

40o C 655 310 197 279 MPa

90o C 572 250 172 MPa
150o C 511 227 153 MPa
200o C 484 214 145 MPa
260o C 477 207 143 MPa
Note… For SI unit stress values, the elevated temperature
values of T and Y are calculated by dividing the US Customary
units by 145 (i.e. 1 MPa = 145 psi).
Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 4 of 6

Ring Flange Design Stresses for Table S-3

Temperature T Y Sd
100o F 95.0 45.0 28.5 ksi
200o F 83.0 36.3 24.2 ksi
300o F 74.1 32.9 21.9 ksi
400o F 70.2 31.1 20.7 ksi
500o F 69.1 30.0 20.0 ksi

40o C 655 310 197 MPa

90o C 572 250 167 MPa
150o C 511 227 151 MPa
200o C 484 214 143 MPa
260o C 477 207 138 MPa
Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 5 of 6

For ASTM A240, Type 201-1 Material

Y = 38 ksi at room temperature (260 MPa)

T = 75 ksi at room temperature (515 MPa)

Values of T & Y are taken from ASME II, Section II, Subpart D

ASME does not provide properties for this grade of material

above 400o F. Therefore, the use of this grade will be limited to
400o F.

Shell Design Stresses for Tables S-2

Temperature T Y Sd St
100o F 75.0 38.0 22.5 34.2 ksi
200o F 65.6 28.9 19.7 ksi
300o F 60.3 25.0 18.1 ksi
400o F 58.4 22.7 17.5 ksi
500o F --- --- ---

40o C 515 260 155 234 MPa

90o C 452 199 136 MPa
150o C 416 172 125 MPa
200o C 403 157 121 MPa
260o C --- --- ---
Agenda Item 650-621 9/11/07 Page 6 of 6

Ring Flange Design Stresses for Table S-3

Temperature T Y Sd
100o F 75.0 38.0 22.5 ksi
200o F 65.6 28.9 19.3 ksi
300o F 60.3 25.0 16.7 ksi
400o F 58.4 22.7 15.1 ksi
500o F --- --- ---

40o C 515 260 155 MPa

90o C 452 199 133 MPa
150o C 416 172 115 MPa
200o C 403 157 104 MPa
260o C --- --- ---
 AGENDA ITEM 650-621 1
Include ASTM A201-1 and 210LN austenitic stainless steel
materials in Appendix S

Welded Steel Tanks for

Oil Storage

API STANDARD 650

ELEVENTH EDITION, JUNE 2007
 Insert... 1

201-1, 201LN,

APPENDIX S—AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL STORAGE TANKS

S.1 Scope 2
S.1.1 This appendix covers materials, design, fabrication, erection, and testing requirements for vertical, cylindrical, above-
ground, closed- and open-top, welded, austenitic stainless steel storage tanks constructed of material grades 304, 304L, 316,
316L, 317, and 317L. This appendix does not cover stainless steel clad plate or strip-lined construction.
• S.1.2 This appendix applies only to tanks in nonrefrigerated services with a maximum design temperature not exceeding 260°C
(500°F). Tanks designed to this appendix shall be assigned a maximum design temperature no less than 40°C (100°F). It is cau-
tioned that exothermic reactions occurring inside unheated storage tanks can produce temperatures exceeding 40°C (100°F).
S.1.3 This appendix is intended to provide the petroleum industry, chemical industry, and other users with tanks of safe design
for containment of fluids within the design limits.
S.1.4 The minimum thicknesses in this appendix do not contain any allowance for corrosion.
S.1.5 This appendix states only the requirements that differ from the basic rules in this Standard. For requirements not stated,
the basic rules must be followed.

S.2 Materials
S.2.1 SELECTION AND ORDERING
S.2.1.1 Materials shall be in accordance with Table S-1.

Table S-1a—ASTM Materials for Stainless Steel Components (SI Units)

Plates and Structural Members Piping and Tubing—Seamless
(Note 1) or Welded (Note 2) Forgings (Notes 2, 3) Bolting and Bars (Notes 4, 5)
3 A 240M, Type 304 A 213M, Grade TP 304 4 A 182M, Grade F 304 A 193M, Class 1, Grades B8, B8A, and B8M
A 240M, Type 304L A 213M, Grade TP 304L A 182M, Grade F 304L A 194M, Grades B8, B8A, B8M, and B8MA
A 240M, Type 316 A 213M, Grade TP 316 A 182M, Grade F 316 A 320M, Grades B8, B8A, B8M, and B8MA
A 240M, Type 316L A 213M, Grade TP 316L A 182M, Grade F 316L A 479M, Type 304
6 A 240M, Type 317 A 213M, Grade TP 317 A 182M, Grade F 317 A 479M, Type 304L
A 240M, Type 317L A 213M, Grade TP 317L A 182M, Grade F 317L A 479M, Type 316
5
A 312M, Grade TP 304 A 479M, Type 316L
Insert... 7 A 312M, Grade TP 304L A 479M, Type 317
A 312M, Grade TP 316
A 240M, Type 201-1
A 240M, Type 201LN A 312M, Grade TP 316L
A 312M, Grade TP 317
A 312M, Grade TP 317L Insert... 8
A 358M, Grade 304 A 213M, Grade TP 201
A 358M, Grade 304L
A 358M, Grade 316
A 358M, Grade 316L
A 403M, Class WP 304
A 403M, Class WP 304L
A 403M, Class WP 316
A 403M, Class WP 316L
A 403M, Class WP 317
A 403M, Class WP 317L

Notes:
• 1. Unless otherwise specified by the Purchaser, plate, sheet, or strip shall be furnished with a No. 1 finish and shall be hot-rolled, annealed, and
descaled.
• 2. Carbon steel flanges and/or stub ends may be used by agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer, providing the design and
details consider the dissimilar properties of the materials used and are suitable for the intended service.
• 3. Castings shall not be used unless specified by the Purchaser. If specified, castings shall meet ASTM A 351 and shall be inspected in accor-
dance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 7.
4. All bars in contact with the product shall be furnished in the hot-rolled, annealed, and descaled condition.
• 5. Other bolting materials may be used by agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer.
S-1
 S-2 API STANDARD 650

Table S-1b—ASTM Materials for Stainless Steel Components (US Customary units)
Plates and Structural Members Piping and Tubing—Seamless
(Note 1) or Welded (Note 2) Forgings (Notes 2, 3) Bolting and Bars (Notes 4, 5)
2 A 240, Type 304 A213, Grade TP 304 1 A 182, Grade F 304 A 193, Class 1, Grades B8, B8A, and B8M
A 240, Type 304L A213, Grade TP 304L A 182, Grade F 304L A 194, Grades 8, 8A, 8M, and 8MA
A 240, Type 316 A213, Grade TP 316 A 182, Grade F 316 A320, Grades B8, B8A, B8M, and B8MA
A 240, Type 316L A213, Grade TP 316L A 182, Grade F 316L A 479, Type 304
A 240, Type 317 A213, Grade TP 317 A 182, Grade F 317 A 479, Type 304L
A 240, Type 317L A213, Grade TP 317L A 182, Grade F 317L A 479, Type 316
4 A 276, Type 304 A 312, Grade TP 304 3 A 479, Type 316L
A 276, Type 304L A 312, Grade TP 304L A 479, Type 317
A 276, Type 316 A 312, Grade TP 316
A 276, Type 316L A 312, Grade TP 316L
A 276, Type 317 A 312, Grade TP 317
A 312, Grade TP 317L
Insert... 5 A 358, Grade 304 6
Insert...
A 240, Type 201-1 A 358, Grade 304L A 213, Grade TP 201
A 240, Type 201LN A 358, Grade 316
A 276, Type 201 A 358, Grade 316L
A 403, Class WP 304
A 403, Class WP 304L
A 403, Class WP 316
A 403, Class WP 316L
A 403, Class WP 317
A 403, Class WP 317L

Notes:
• 1. Unless otherwise specified by the Purchaser, plate, sheet, or strip shall be furnished with a No. 1 finish and shall be hot-rolled, annealed, and
descaled.
• 2. Carbon steel flanges and/or stub ends may be used by agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer, providing the design and
details consider the dissimilar properties of the materials used and are suitable for the intended service.
• 3. Castings shall not be used unless specified by the Purchaser. If specified, castings shall meet ASTM A 351 and shall be inspected in accor-
dance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 7.
4. All bars in contact with the product shall be furnished in the hot-rolled, annealed, and descaled condition.
• 5. Other bolting materials may be used by agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer.

• S.2.1.2 Selection of the type/grade of stainless steel depends on the service and environment to which it will be exposed and
the effects of fabrication processes (see S.4.3.2 and S.4.4.3). The Purchaser shall select the type/grade.
S.2.1.3 External structural attachments may be carbon steels meeting the requirements of Section 4 of this Standard, providing
they are protected from corrosion and the design and details consider the dissimilar properties of the materials used. (This does
07 not include shell, roof, or bottom openings and their reinforcement.) Carbon steel attachments (e.g., clips for scaffolding) shall not
be welded directly to any internal surface of the tank. For stainless steel tanks subject to external fire impingement, the use of gal-
vanizing on attachments, including ladders and platforms, is not recommended.

• S.2.2 PACKAGING
Packaging stainless steel for shipment is important to its corrosion resistance. Precautions to protect the surface of the material
will depend on the surface finish supplied and may vary among manufacturers. Normal packaging methods may not be sufficient
to protect the material from normal shipping damage. If the intended service requires special precautions, special instructions
should be specified by the Purchaser.

S.2.3 IMPACT TESTING

Impact tests are not required for austenitic stainless steel base metals.
 Insert the following allowable stress values in Table S-2...

201-1 260 (38,000) 515 (75,000) 155 (22,500) 136 (19,700) 125 (18,100) 121 (17,500) ----------------- 236 (34,200)
S-6 API STANDARD 650
201LN 310 (45,000) 655 (95,000) 197 (28,500) 172 (24,900) 153 (22,200) 145 (21,100) 143 (20,700) 279 (40,500)

Table S-2—Allowable Stresses for Plate Ring Flanges Tank Shells (Editorial Correction)

07 Allowable Stress (in MPa [psi]) for Maximum Design Temperature Not Exceeding (Sd)
Min. Yield Min. Tensile
Type MPa (psi) MPa (psi) 40°C (100°F) 90°C (200°F) 150°C (300°F) 200°C (400°F) 260°C (500°F) St Ambient

304 205 (30,000) 515 (75,000) 155 (22,500) 155 (22,500) 140 (20,300) 128 (18,600) 121 (17,500) 186 (27,000)

304L 170 (25,000) 485 (70,000) 145 (21,000) 132 (19,200) 119 (17,200) 109 (15,800) 101 (14,700) 155 (22,500)

316 205 (30,000) 515 (75,000) 155 (22,500) 155 (22,500) 145 (21,000) 133 (19,300) 123 (17,900) 186 (27,000)

316L 170 (25,000) 485 (70,000) 145 (21,000) 131 (19,000) 117 (17,000) 107 (15,500) 99 (14,300) 155 (22,500)

317 205 (30,000) 515 (75,000) 155 (22,500) 155 (22,500) 145 (21,000) 133 (19,300) 123 (17,900) 186 (27,000)

317L 205 (30,000) 515 (75,000) 155 (22,500) 155 (22,500) 145 (21,000) 133 (19,300) 123 (17,900) 186 (27,000)

Notes:
1. Sd may be interpolated between temperatures.
• 2. The design stress shall be the lesser of 0.3 of the minimum tensile strength or 0.9 of the minimum yield strength. The factor of 0.9 of yield
corresponds to a permanent strain of 0.10%. When a lower level of permanent strain is desired, the Purchaser shall specify a reduced yield
07 factor in accordance with Table Y-2 of ASME Section II, Part D. The yield values at the different maximum design temperatures can be
Insert the following allowable stress values into Table S-3...
obtained from Table S-5.
• 3. For dual-certified materials (e.g., ASTM A 182M/A 182 Type 304L/304), use the allowable stress of the grade specified by the Purchaser.
201-1 155 (22,500) 133 (19,300) 115 (16,700) 104 (15,100) ----------------

201LN 197 (28,500) 167 (24,200) 151 (21,900) 143 (20,700) 138 (20,000)

Table S-3—Allowable Stresses for Plate Ring Flanges

07 Allowable Stress (in MPa [psi]) for Maximum Design Temperature Not Exceeding (St)
Type 40°C (100°F) 90°C (200°F) 150°C (300°F) 200°C (400°F) 260°C (500°F)
304 140 (20,000) 115 (16,700) 103 (15,000) 95 (13,800) 89 (12,900)

304L 117 (16,700) 99 (14,300) 88 (12,800) 81 (11,700) 75 (10,900)

316 140 (20,000) 119 (17,200) 107 (15,500) 99 (14,300) 92 (13,300)

316L 117 (16,700) 97 (14,100) 87 (12,600) 79 (11,500) 73 (10,600)

317 140 (20,000) 119 (17,300) 108 (15,600) 99 (14,300) 92 (13,300)

317L 140 (20,000) 119 (17,300) 108 (15,600) 99 (14,300) 92 (13,300)

Notes:
1. Allowable stresses may be interpolated between temperatures.
2. The allowable stresses are based on a lower level of permanent strain.
3. The design stress shall be the lesser of 0.3 of the minimum tensile strength or 2/3 of the minimum yield strength.
• 4. For dual-certified materials (e.g., ASTM A 182M/A 182 Type 304L/304), use the allowable stress of the grade specified by the Purchaser.

Table S-4—Joint Efficiencies

Joint Efficiency Radiograph Requirements
1.0 Radiograph per 8.1.2

0.85 Radiograph per A.5.3

0.70 No radiography required

 Insert the following YIELD stress values into Table S-5...

201-1 260 (38,000) 199 (28,900) 172 (25,000) 157 (22,700) ----------------
WELDED STEEL TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE S-7
201LN 310 (45,000) 250 (36,300) 227 (32,900) 214 (31,100) 207 (30,000)

Table S-5—Yield Strength Values in MPa (psi)

Yield Strength (in MPa [psi]) for Maximum Design Temperature Not Exceeding 07
Type 40°C (100°F) 90°C (200°F) 150°C (300°F) 200°C (400°F) 260°C (500°F)
304 205 (30,000) 170 (25,000) 155 (22,500) 143 (20,700) 134 (19,400)
304L 170 (25,000) 148 (21,400) 132 (19,200) 121 (17,500) 113 (16,400)
316 205 (30,000) 178 (25,800) 161 (23,300) 148 (21,400) 137 (19,900)
316L 170 (25,000) 145 (21,100) 130 (18,900) 119 (17,200) 110 (15,900)
317 205 (30,000) 179 (25,900) 161 (23,400) 148 (21,400) 138 (20,000)
317L 205 (30,000) 179 (25,900) 161 (23,400) 148 (21,400) 138 (20,000)

Notes:
1. Interpolate between temperatures.
2. Reference: Table Y-1 of ASME Section II, Part D.

Replace E values per current

Table S-6—Modulus of Elasticity at the Maximum Design Temperature 07
ASME Code, Section II,Part D...
Maximum Design Temperature
(C° [°F]) Not Exceeding 194,000 (28,100,000)
Modulus of Elasticity (MPa [psi]) 07

40 (100) 193,000 (28,000,000)

190,000 (27,500,000)
90 (200) 189,000 (27,400,000)
150 (300) 183,000 (26,600,000) 186,000 (27,000,000)
200 (400) 180,000 (26,100,000)
182,000 (26,400,000)
260 (500) 174,000 (25,200,000)
9

Note: Interpolate between temperatures. 179,000 (25,900,000)

S.4.7 PICKLING
If pickling of a sensitized stainless steel is necessary, an acid mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids shall not be used. After pick-
ling, the stainless steel shall be thoroughly rinsed with water and dried.

S.4.8 PASSIVATION OR IRON FREEING

When passivation or iron freeing is specified by the Purchaser, it may be achieved by treatment with nitric or citric acid. The use
of hydrofluoric acid mixtures for passivation purposes is prohibited for sensitized stainless.

S.4.9 RINSING
S.4.9.1 When cleaning and pickling or passivation is required, these operations shall be followed immediately by rinsing, not
allowing the surfaces to dry between operations.

• S.4.9.2 Rinse water shall be potable and shall not contain more than 200 parts per million chloride at temperatures below 40°C
(100°F), or no more than 100 parts per million chloride at temperatures above 40°C (100°F) and below 65°C (150°F), unless
specified otherwise by the Purchaser.
S.4.9.3 Following final rinsing, the equipment shall be completely dried.

S.4.10 HYDROSTATIC TESTING

S.4.10.1 The rules of 7.3.5 apply to hydrostatic testing except that the penetrating oil test in 7.3.5(2) shall be replaced with liq-
uid penetrant examination conducted by applying the penetrant on one side and developer on the opposite side of the welds. The 07
dwell time must be at least one hour.
 S-8 API STANDARD 650

S.4.10.2 The materials used in the construction of stainless steel tanks may be subject to severe pitting, cracking, or rusting if
• they are exposed to contaminated test water for extended periods of time. The Purchaser shall specify a minimum quality of test
water that conforms to the following requirements:

• a. Unless otherwise specified by the Purchaser, water used for hydrostatic testing of tanks shall be potable and treated, containing
at least 0.2 parts per million free chlorine.
b. Water shall be substantially clean and clear.
c. Water shall have no objectionable odor (that is, no hydrogen sulfide).
d. Water pH shall be between 6 and 8.3.
e. Water temperature shall be below 50°C (120°F).
• f. The chloride content of the water shall be below 50 parts per million, unless specified otherwise by the Purchaser.

• S.4.10.3 When testing with potable water, the exposure time shall not exceed 21 days, unless specified otherwise by the
Purchaser.
S.4.10.4 When testing with other fresh waters, the exposure time shall not exceed 7 days.
S.4.10.5 Upon completion of the hydrostatic test, water shall be completely drained. Wetted surfaces shall be washed with
potable water when nonpotable water is used for the test and completely dried. Particular attention shall be given to low spots,
crevices, and similar areas. Hot air drying is not permitted.

S.4.11 WELDING
S.4.11.1 Tanks and their structural attachments shall be welded by any of the processes permitted in [Link] or by the plasma
arc process. Galvanized components or components coated with zinc-rich coating shall not be welded directly to stainless steel.
S.4.11.2 Filler
1 metal chemistry shall match the type of base metals joined. Dissimilar welds to carbon steels shall use filler
metals of E309 or higher alloy content.
2
S.4.12 WELDING PROCEDURE AND WELDER QUALIFICATIONS
3
Impact tests are not required for austenitic stainless steel weld metal and heat-affectedRevised
zones. S.4.11.2...

• S.4.13 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT

The filler metal chemistry and
Postweld heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel materials need not be performed unless specifiedproperties
mechanical by the Purchaser.
shall
match
the type of base metals joined
S.4.14 INSPECTION OF WELDS
S.4.14.1 Radiographic Inspection of Butt-Welds
Radiographic examination of butt-welds shall be in accordance with 8.1 and Table S-4.

S.4.14.2 Inspection of Welds by Liquid Penetrant Method

The following component welds shall be examined by the liquid penetrant method before the hydrostatic test of the tank:
a. The shell-to-bottom inside attachment weld.
b. All welds of opening connections in tank shell that are not completely radiographed, including nozzle and manhole neck welds
and neck-to-flange welds.
c. All welds of attachments to shells, such as stiffeners, compression rings, clips, and other nonpressure parts for which the thick-
ness of both parts joined is greater than 19 mm (3/4 in.).
d. All butt-welded joints in tank annular plates on which backing strips are to remain.

S.5 Marking
Brazing shall be deleted from 10.1.2.