Public Carrier

Jaipur Bypass Under Passes Delhi -Jaipur- Delhi

input sheet
Clear Span = 9.9 m
Efective Span = 10.5 m
Overall Span = 11.1 m

density of concrete = 2.4 tonnes / meter 3

density of Earth = 1.8 tonnes / meter 3
blic Carrier
-Jaipur- Delhi
 Design Of Abutment

central verge

2.5 %slope 0.3

0.85
RCC Slab
0.85

0.5 2 11 2.5

16

A) RCC slab= 0.85*16*2.5 = 34 T/m

B) Central verge = 0.3*2.5*2.5 = 1.875 T/m 225 mm
C) Foot pattern = 2*0.3*2.5 = 1.5 T/m
D) Wearing coat = 0.065*11*2.2 = 1.573 T/m

where wearing coat thickness is given by-------- 65 mm 0.865

E) Crash barriers ------[(0.3*0.5)+((0.5+0.225)/2)*0.865]*2.5 0.3

= 1.159 T/m
0.5

F) G.I. Pipe & crash barriers above nailing & foot path pipe etc.
approximately--- 1 T/m

total = 34+1.875+1.5+1.573+1.159+1
= 41.107 T/m
Total dead load 1 carriage way(considering above loads)---
41.107*11.1 = 456.29 T/m
Total dead load comes out to be(from deck-slab des 497

Load on abutment for each carriage way----

497/2 = 248.5 T/m

Live load from superstrucure(1 carriage way)

a) class 70 RTracked vehicles

70 T/m

A B 0.3
5.93 4.57

10.5
 Load on the abutment
RB* 10.5 = 70(5.93+4.57/2)
so, RB = 54.77 T

Impact factor = 10 %

refer clause 211.30 of IRC:6 ,1966

Therefore total live load including impac54.77*1.1

= 60.247 Tonnes

so, maximum load on abutment including the impact

= 60.25 Tonnes

b) Class 70 R vehicles
12 12 17 17 17 17
1.36 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37
1.52
A B
Leff = 10.5 0.3

RA * 10.5 = 12*9.14+12*7.62+17*5.49+17*4.12+17*1.07
RA = 382.68/10.5
= 36.45 Tonnes
RA + RB = 92 Tonnes
RB = 92-36.45 Tonnes
= 55.55 Tonnes
Impact factor = 25 %
Now, load with impact factor 69.44 T

2) Class A loading ( 3 lanes)

refer clause 207.1 of IRC 6: 1966

6.8 6.8 11.4 11.4

2.3 3 4.3 1.2

A B
10.5 0.3

RB* 10.5 =6.8*2.3+6.8*5.3+11.4*9.6+11.4*10.8

RB = 27.0705 T
load with impact = 33.84 T
Load at a without impact =
36.4-27.07
= 9.33 T
 The above loads are single train of loading

Braking Forces:
1) For loading- tracked vehicle
= 70*0.2 = 14 tonnes

2) For Loading -wheeled vehicle

= 92*0.2
= 18.4
3) For Class A loading (3 lanes)
= 36.4(0.2+0.2+0.05)
= 16.38
Frictional resistance with m = 0.6
1) For Tracked vehicle = (248.5+54.77)*0.6
= 181.962 tonnes

2) For wheeled vehicle= (248.5+55.55)*0.6

= 182.43 tonnes

3) Class A loading
= (248.5+27.07)*0.6
165.342 tonnes

0.3
0.25
0.7
0.3
0.915
0.55 0.25

0.05 0.6 6.01

0.1

1.100

1.00

Net bearing capacity of foundation = 15 T/m2

Gross bearing capacity of foundation = 17 T/m2

w = 1.8 T/m3
f = 30 degrees
 Intensity of earth pressure
1) at formation level = (1.8*1.2)/3 = 0.72 t/m2
2) at top level of foundation = (1.8/3)*6.11+0.72 = 4.386 t/m2

S/N Description Vt Ht L.A.(m) M(t-m)

Bed Block
1)
0.55*0.65*2.4 0.858 ----- 0.725 0.622
Rectangular portion
2)
0.6*4.645*2.4 6.689 ----- 0.7 4.682
Back batter
3)
0.4*6.11*1.8 4.3992 ------- 0.2 0.880
Back batter
4) triangular portion
0.4/2*6.11*0.6 0.7332 ------ 0.267 0.1955
Bracket
5) 0.3*0.25*0.6 0.045 ------ 0.325 0.015
0.25*0.25/2*0.6 0.019 ----- 0.367 0.007
Approach slab
6)
0.7*0.3*0.6 0.108 ------ 0.35 0.038
EP1 0.72*6.11 ----- 4.399 3.055 13.440
7)
EP2 4.386/2*6.11 ---- 13.399 2.3225 31.12
12.851 17.798 50.998
Dead Load superstructure
8) 15.5313 ------- 0.7 10.871875
248.5/16
9) Live Load superstructure
4.34 ------- 0.7 3.038
69.44/16
Longitudinal Force
10) 0.6*248.5/16 ----- 9.31875 5.195 48.411
------
Total 32.722 27.117 113.319
P= 32.722
M= 113.319-32.722*0. = 93.68562 t-m

e = 2.863 m
d = Sqrt{"(9368561.8925)/(11.19*100)}
= 91.5 cm say 92

Providing 100.00 cm c/c overall depth and 91.70 cm effective depth

Ast = 9368561.8925/(10.19*200*0.902*91.7)
= 55.5767 cm2

Provide 25 mm dia 110 mm c/c in Ist Layer

= 44.625 cm2
Provide 20 mm dia 220 mm c/c in 2nd Layer
= 14.280 cm2
Total Steel in Tens 58.905 cm2

On the other face , provide 0.12 %

= 0.12 % O 1.00 12.00 cm2

On the other face , provide 20 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c

15.708 cm2

100

Ac= 15.708
cm2

.
Ast= 58.905 cm2
 1) c/nd = t/m/(d-nd)
2) c*nd/2 + {c*(nd -a')*(m-1)*Ac}/nd -t*AtP
3) c*nd/2 (D/2-nd/3)+c/nd(nd-a')(m-1)Ac(P/2-a')+t*At*(D/2-a)=M

d= 91.70
try nd= 30.157
a'= 6
a= 6.25
m= 10

P = c*nd/2 + {c*(nd -a')*(m-1)*Ac}/nd -t*At

P = c*nd/2 + {c*(nd -a')*(m-1)*Ac}/nd -{c*(d-nd)/m*nd}
= c*15.0785+c/nd(23.907*9*15.71)-c(58.905*(61.543*10)/30.157)
= c(15.0785+113.24-1202.13)
= c(418.96)
= 418.96

M = c*0.01(1507.85*39.948+113.24*44+1202.1*44
= c(1181.1)
1181.1

e= 2.81912 2.863

c = M x 1000
1181.1

= 93690
1181.1

= 79.3244 kg/cm2
= 7.93244 N/mm2
for M25 permissible stress in concrete 8.3x1.15 9.545 N/mm2
Hence design is OK

t = m x c x (d - nd )
nd

t = (10*79.324*61.543)/30.157
= 1618.73 kg/cm2
= 161.873 N/mm2
permissible value by code is 200 N/mm2
Hence design is ok
 DESIGN OF DECK SLAB

Clear span = 9.9 m on square below bed block

Effective span = 10.50 m 0n skew
Overall span = 11.10 m
Width of Slab = 16.00 m
Depth of Slab = 0.85 m
Depth of wearing coat = 0.07 m
width of central verge = 2.50 m
width of crash barrier = 0.50 m
Width of Footpath = 1.50 m
Unit wt of RCC = 2.40 t/m3
Unit wt of PCC = 2.20 t/m3

Dead Load of superstructure for either carriageway

(Ref: clause 205 of IRC6-1966)

Slab Self weight = 2.4X0.85

= 2.04 t/m2
Wearing coat = 2.2X0.065
= 0.14 t/m2
Total Dead Load = 2.18 t/m2
= 2.2 t/m2 (say) 65dia N.B. GI pipe
0.45
For End portion of central verge
Thickness of central verge = 0.50 m
Self weight of slab = 2.04 t/m2 0.3
Central verge = 2.4X0.5 t/m 2

= 1.20 t/m2
Total = 3.24 t/m2 0.51
= 3.30 t/m2 (say)

For crash barrier portion

0.325
Weight of Crash Barrier = 0.835x(0.45+0.27)X2.4+0.2
Weight of Crash Barrier = 1.64 t/m2
0.3

Crash Barrier
 3.3 2.2 3.30 4.94

2.5 11.50 1.5 0.5

(1) Bending Moment Due to Dead Load = wl /8
2
t-m
= 30.32 t-m

(2) Bending Moment Due to additional Dead load of

# t/m2 on 2.5 m portion of central verge

b/le = 16/10.5
= 1.524 (Ref: clause 305-16 of IRC 21-1987)
a = 2.852 (Ref: clause305-16 of IRC 21-1987)
a = 10.5/4
= 2.63
b1 = 0.98 m
bef = aa(1-a/lo)+b1 (ref: clause 305-16 of IRC 21-1987)
bef = 2.8516[1-10.5/(4X10.5)]X10.5/4+0.98
= 6.59 (if dispersion on both sides)

bef = 6.59/2+0.5 m
= 3.80 m
Bending moment due to this load = wl2/8
Bending moment due to this load = 9.98 t-m
Total Dead Load Bending moment = 30.32+9.98 t-m
Total Dead Load Bending moment = 40.30 t-m
.
When crash barrier load is considered

(1) Bending moment due to udl of 2.2 t/m2 = 30.32 t-m

(2) Additional dead load of

# t/m2 on 0.5 m width
bef for axles 1 and axles 4 = 5.594/2+2 m
= 4.80

Bending moment due to this load = 9.44 t-m

Total Dead Load bending moment = 39.76 t-m
 Bending moment due to live load
(a) 70R wheeled vehicle (when load 3 at mid span)
12 17 17 17 17

1.7315 2 1.37 3.05 1.37 0.8115

###

(all length dimensions in metre and loadings in tonne)

width of axle(b1) = 2.79 m (ref: clause 305-16 of 21-1987)
bef(for first axle) = 2.79+2X0.065+2.8516X1.7315(1-1.7315/10.5)
bef(for second axle) = 7.04 m
bef(for second axle) = 9.88 m
bef(for third axle) = 10.41 m
bef(for fourth axle) = 7.85 m
bef(for fifth axle) = 5.06 m

maximum bending moment at mid span = 19.0 t-m

Minimum clearance = 1.2 m

(1) when axles are nearest to central verge,
Distance of centre lines of axles from edge o = 5.1 m
bef(axle1) = 8.6 m
bef(axle2) = 10.0 m
bef(axle3) = 10.3 m
bef(axle4) = 9.0 m
bef(axle5) = 10.2 m
(2) when axles are nearest to crash barrier
Distance of centre lines of axles from edge o = 3.095 m
bef(axle1) = 6.6 m
bef(axle2) = 8.0 m
bef(axle3) = 8.3 m
bef(axle4) = 7.0 m
bef(axle5) = 5.6 m

Maximum bending moment = 14.4 t-m

 Now consider 3 lanes of class A loading

0.4

1
2.90 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.5

(WIDTH OF CARRIAGEWAY)

2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8

0.8315 3.2 1.2 4.3 0.9315

(all length dimensions in metre and loadings in tonne)

WHEN AXLE 3 IS AT MID-SPAN (ref: clause 305-16 of 21-1987)

CONTACT AREA
AXLE LOAD
(mm)
11.4 0.5
6.8 0.38
2.7 0.2
4.1 0.3
1.6 0.175

bef(axle1) = 2.51 m
bef(axle2) = 7.71 m
bef(axle3) = 8.12 m
bef(axle4) = 3.02 m
considering all the three trains in three lanes and loads nearest to the central verge

bef(axle1) = 12.96 m <= 16.00

bef(axle2) = 15.56 m <= 16.00
bef(axle3) = 15.76 m <= 16.00
bef(axle4) = 13.21 m <= 16.00
Therefore,
bef(axle1) = 13.0 m
bef(axle2) = 15.6 m
bef(axle3) = 15.8 m
bef(axle4) = 13.2 m
considering all the three trains in three lanes and loads nearest to the crash barrier
bef(axle1) = 12.5 m
bef(axle2) = 15.1 m
bef(axle3) = 15.3 m
bef(axle4) = 12.7 m

MID SPAN BENDING MOMENT :

REACTION FOR LEFT SUPPORT = R/L(L-X)

RA(AXLE 1) = 7.46 t
Bending Moment = 3.37 t-m
Bending Moment(axle2) = 68.94 t-m
Bending Moment(axle3) = 89.46 t-m
Bending Moment(axle3) = 9.50 t-m
(1) when loads are nearest to central verge

Total B.M/m for all 4 axles = 11.09 t-m

(2) when loads are nearest to crash barrier

Total B.M/m for all 4 axles = 11.46 t-m

Live Load 70R wheeled + class A single lane

Loads placed nearest to crash barrier 70R CLASS A 0.5

0.15

2.79 1.2 0.5 1.3

(all lengths in metres) 0.5
2 4 5
1 12 12 17 3 17 17

1.7315 2 1.37 3.05 1.37 0.8115

10.50

(all length dimensions in metre and loadings in tonne)

8
2.7 11.4 11.4 (ref: clause 305-16 of 21-1987)
6 7 9 6.8

0.8315 3.2 1.2 4.3 0.9315

 Impact factor( 70R loading) = 0.25
Impact factor( class A loading) = 0.27

CLASS A LOADING

bef(FOR 6 )SINGLE WHEEL = 2.51 m

bef(FOR 6 )axle near crash barrier = 3.96 m
bef(FOR 7 )SINGLE WHEEL = 7.71 m
bef(FOR7 )axle near crash barrier = 6.6 m
bef(FOR 8 )SINGLE WHEEL = 8.1 m
bef(FOR 8 )axle near crash barrier = 6.8 m
bef(FOR 9 )SINGLE WHEEL = 3.0 m
bef(for 9 )axle near crash barrier = 4.2 m
bef(for axle 1) = 7.0 m
bef(for axle 2) = 9.9 m
bef(for axle 3) = 10.4 m
bef(fOR axle 4) = 7.8 m
bef(for axle 5) = 5.1 m

Bending Moment at mid span

Due to axle 1 = 13.0 t-m
Due to axle 2 = 29.0 t-m
Due to axle 3 = 55.6 t-m
Due to axle 4 = 23.2 t-m
Due to axle 5 = 8.6 t-m
Due to axle 6 = 1.42 t-m
Due to axle 7 = 29.09 t-m
Due to axle 8 = 37.75 t-m
Due to axle 9 = 4.01 t-m
c distance between Class A and 70R loadings = 3.745 m
Maximum Bending Moment(including Impact ) = 20.33 t-m
Total Bending Moment = 39.76+20.33 t-m
Total Bending Moment = 60.09 t-m
DESIGN OF DECK SLAB

Grade of Concrete = M25

no = 1/(1+sst/mscb)
where m = 10.98
n0 = 0.29
= 0.5scbbd n0(1-n0/3)
2
M(Bending Moment)
n0(1-n0/3) = 0.130
Therefore, d = 736.15 mm
provide overall depth = 850 mm
Effective Depth = 787.5
provide cover = 50 mm
At = M/(st xLeverarm factor x effective Depth provided)
Therefore, At = 60.09x100000/(200x10x0.9(850-50-12.5)/10)
Therefore, At = 42.4 cm2
Spacing of bars = 1000 x Area of one bar/Required area of Steel
Required spacing of bars = 115.7 mm
However,provide 25 mm dia bars @ 95 mm c/c
Hence, provided area of steel = 51.6 cm2
Bending Moment in transverse direction = 0.2XMd+0.3XML
Bending Moment in transverse direction = 14.16 t-m
d = 775.00 mm
Therefore, At = 10.15 cm2
Required spacing of bars = 111.38 mm
However,provide 12 mm dia bars @ 95 mm c/c
Hence, provided area of steel = 11.9 cm2
 DESIGN OF RAFT FOUNDATION

case1-
live load:
class A (3 lane)

6.8 6.8 11.4 11.4

2.3 3 4.3 1.2

A B
10.5 0.3

RA 27.070476
impact factor 1.25
3 lane

RA = 27.07*1.25*3 = 101.5143 tonnes

RA +RB= 36.4 tonnes

RB = 36.4-27.07
9.33 tonnes

RB = 9.33*1.25*3
= 34.9875

2 Longitudinal Force:
Total load = 6.8+6.8+11.4+11.4
= 36.4 tonnes
Hence the force is given by
= 36.4*0.45*3 = 49.14 tonnes

2 Frictional Force:
m = 0.6

Dead load of superstrcture on abutment

= 497/2 = 248.5 tonnes

m*F = 0.6*248.5
= 149.1 tonnes

As per clause 214.3

Vertical force on at supports are workjed out by taking out the moment due to longitudinal forces
acting 1.2 m above the formation level ie 2.115 above bearing level
A Dead load from superstructure
(from abutment calculation )
1 (a) Dead load of bed block, approach slab+bracket etc.
12.85115
(b) Dead load of superstructure = 248.5/16
= 15.53125 tonnes

(12.851+15.531)*16
= 454.112
say
470 tonnes
2 Moment

= (51+10.872-470/16*0.5+17.8*0.5)*16
= 897.30988 t-m

B. Live load

At A
Load ,P
= 101.5143+(49.14*2.115/10.5)
= 111.4125 t
Moment,M
111.4125*(0.5-0.3)+149.1*5.195
794.8774 t-m
At B
Load ,P
= 34.9875-(49.14*2.115/10.5)
= 25.0893 t

Moment, M
25.0893*(1-0.6)/2-149.1*5.395
-799.377

Total Load and Live load

Load(P) Load(P) Moment(M) Moment(M)

(A) (B) (A) (B)
Dead load 470 470 897.309883 -897.30988
Live load 111.4125 25.0893 794.87736 -799.37664
Total 581.4125 495.0893 1692.18724 -1696.6865

Weight of foundation =

weight of live load surcharge -

Assuming one no 70 R Loading is allowed
 70

0.6

2.1

3.75
7.5

Moment @ ' o' = 70*2.1 70 t 3.6

= 147 t-m

2.9

576
70
581.413 495.0893
444.05
1692.19 1696.68652

A B

P = 581.4125+495.0893+70+576
= 1722.5

576
70
581.413 495.0893
444.05
1692.19 1696.68652

A B

182.56 106.72

11.9
Moment @ x distance from A

Mx = 1692.19-(581.4125*x)-(576/11.9*squre(x))-(182.56-6.37x)*square(x)/2+6.37*cube(x)/3
= 1692.19-581.4125x-67.08square(x)-1.06cube(x)

for max M
dM/dx = 0

so,
3.18square(x)-134.16x+581.4125 0

therefore,
x = #VALUE!

576
70
581.41 495.09
444.05
1692.19 1696.69

A o B
0.5

11.9

moment at point "o" at the face of abutment (ie 0.5m away from center)

= 1692.19-(581.41*0.5)-(576/11.9*0.5*0.25)+179.4*0.5*0.5/2+m
= 1692.19-290.71-6.05+22.43+0.265 [where, m= (0.5*3.18*0.5)*0.5*2/3 ]
= 1418.13 t-m

d = sqroot((1418.13*100000)/(11.179*1600))
= 89.0423 cm

Let D = 1050 mm

effective depth 105-5-2.5-1.25

= 96.25 cm

since 89.04<96.25
design is OK !!
 Ast = 1418.13*100000/(2000*0.902*96.25)
= 816.73 cm2
= 51.0457 cm2/m

providing 25 mm dia bars @ 110 mm c/c in one layer

hence area is given by #VALUE! cm2

& 20 mm dia bars @ 110 mm c/c

hence area is given b #VALUE! cm2
Total area of steel = #VALUE! cm2

576
70
581.41 495.09
a 444.05 b
1692.19 1696.69

A B
0.5 1.463
179.4 1.463 173.24 116.04

182.56 106.72

3.18 11.9

a b

shear force at 'a - a' Left support

SF = 581.41+576/11.9*1.463-(182.56+173.24)/2*1.463
= 391.956 t

shear force at 'b - b' right support

SF = 495.09+576/11.9*1.463-(106.72+116.04)/2*1.463
= 402.955 t c

so, design for 402.955 tonnes , V = 402.95518 tonnes

shear stress = V/bd

= 402.96/16*0.963
= 26.15 t/m2
= 0.2615 N/mm2
hence shear reinforcement is required
 tc = [Link]
d = 1.05-50-25-10
according to the IRC guidelines, = 0.965
k1 =1.14 -0.7d >= 0.5(d in mm) select 10 mm dia bar for
k2 = 0.5+0.25(100As/bd) >=1 shear reinforcement
k1 = (1.14-0.7*0.965)
so, k1 = 0.5
k2 = 0.5+0.25(100*As/bd)
= ###
= ###
= ### (say) (as it should be greater than 1)
tco = 0.4 for M25

tc = ###
Hence, t > tc so,

Asw = (V* s)/(ss.d)

= 402.96*10000*s/(0.87*415*965)
= 11.57 s

Asw = #VALUE!

spacing(s) = #VALUE! mm
say 135 mm