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Development of Eye: To Mbbs 2 Year Dr. Laxman Khanal Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy BPKIHS, Dharan 02-04-2017

1. Eye development begins at day 22 as outpocketings from the forebrain called optic vesicles. 2. The optic vesicles contact the surface ectoderm, inducing lens formation, and invaginate to form the optic cups with choroidal fissures allowing hyaloid vessels to enter. 3. Key structures including the retina, optic nerve, iris, ciliary body develop from the optic cups and vesicles. PAX6 is the master regulatory gene for eye development.

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120 views23 pages

Development of Eye: To Mbbs 2 Year Dr. Laxman Khanal Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy BPKIHS, Dharan 02-04-2017

1. Eye development begins at day 22 as outpocketings from the forebrain called optic vesicles. 2. The optic vesicles contact the surface ectoderm, inducing lens formation, and invaginate to form the optic cups with choroidal fissures allowing hyaloid vessels to enter. 3. Key structures including the retina, optic nerve, iris, ciliary body develop from the optic cups and vesicles. PAX6 is the master regulatory gene for eye development.

Uploaded by

ezradamanik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Development of eye

To MBBS 2nd year


Dr. Laxman Khanal
Assistant professor, department of anatomy
BPKIHS, Dharan
02-04-2017
Eye development : start at Day 22.
Before NT closure
- Day 25 to Day 28
Optic groove Optic vesicle

Diencephalon Lens placode Optic stalk Optic cup


of forebrain

PAX 6
Key regulatory gene for
eye development.
1. Fibrous covering Equator
Limbus
2. Vascular covering (#ICC)
3. Nervous covering
• Key steps - Formation of optic vesicle and optic stalk.

• Optic vesicle/ stalk – neuro-ectodermal in origin.

• Lumen of the optic vesicle is connected with the 3rd ventricle through the
lumen of optic stalk.
• As the optic vesicle comes in contact with the surface ectoderm, it
induces it to thicken and forms lens placode (primordium of lens), so lens
is ectodermal (surface ectoderm) in origin.

• As the lens vesicle is being formed, optic vesicle invaginates to form


double-layered optic cup.
Up to now…..
• Optic vesicle
• Optic cup
• Optic stalk
• lens placode
• Choroidal fissure

Choroidal fissure
• Vascular mesoderm invade the fissure.
• This mesoderm later form hyaloid vessels &
vitrous humor.
• Only the proximal part of these vessels persists
as a central artery/vein of retina
Development of Retina- two layers of optic cup
Development of optic nerve- optic stalk (axons of ganglion cells)

Retinal detachment:
Separation of pigment epithelium from the neural layer.
• Ora serrata is the junction between
photosensitive and non-photosensitive
retina.
• Lies between limbus and equator of eye
ball.

Ora serrata
Coloboma
Retinal detachment • Failure to close choroidal fissure
• Medical emergency • Key hole appearance in iris
• Occurs between 2 layers of retina • Follow AD inheritance
@ 7th week
Development of optic nerve

• Second cranial nerve


• Optic nerve encloses retinal vessels
• Formed by axons of ganglionic cells
• Covered by meningeal layers
• Myelinated by Oligodendrocytes
Development of-
• Iris
• Ciliary body
Development of Iris
Epithelium: both layers of retina (ant part)
Stroma: mesenchyme
Muscles: outer layer of retina
Development of ciliary body
Epithelium: both layers of retina (ant part)
Stroma: mesenchyme
Muscles: mesenchyme

Aqueous humor
Derivatives of optic stalk Derivatives of optic cup • Retina
• Dilator pupillae
Optic nerve • Sphincter pupillae
• Epithelium of the iris
• Epithelium of ciliary body
Mesoderm
Posteriorly
divide into two layers
Anteriorly
Vacuolization occurs

Development of-
• Sclera
• Choroid
• Cornea
• Conjunctiva
• Eyelids
Surface Ectoderm
Double folding occurs
Double folding of surface
ectoderm give rise to the
conjunctiva and eye lids.
Surface Ectoderm
• Outer epithelium of cornea
• Conjunctiva
• Lining of eye lids
• Tarsal gland
• Eye lashes
Persistent iridopupillary membrane Congenital cataract
TORCH infection
Aniridia

Synophthalmia
or
Loss of midline structure Cyclopia
• Alcohol
• Maternal DM
• Mutation of SHH (sonic hedgehog)
• Abnormal cholesterol metabolism
Conclusion
• The eyes begin to develop as a pair of outpocketings on each side of
the forebrain at day 22.
• The optic vesicles contact the surface ectoderm and induce lens
formation.
• Through a groove (the choroid Fissure), the hyaloid artery (later the
central artery of the retina) enters the eye
• PAX6, the master gene for eye development.
• Cornea develops from both ectoderm and mesoderm.

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