Cambium

32B

3BP Series
User Guide
34B

System Release 1.0

Accuracy
While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Cambium Networks
assumes no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or from use of the
information obtained herein. Cambium reserves the right to make changes to any products described
herein to improve reliability, function, or design, and reserves the right to revise this document and to
make changes from time to time in content hereof with no obligation to notify any person of revisions
or changes. Cambium does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any
product, software, or circuit described herein; neither does it convey license under its patent rights or
the rights of others. It is possible that this publication may contain references to, or information about
Cambium products (machines and programs), programming, or services that are not announced in
your country. Such references or information must not be construed to mean that Cambium intends to
announce such Cambium products, programming, or services in your country.
Copyrights
This document, Cambium products, and 3rd Party software products described in this document may
include or describe copyrighted Cambium and other 3rd Party supplied computer programs stored in
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Cambium, its licensors, and other 3rd Party supplied software certain exclusive rights for copyrighted
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the 3rd Party software supplied material contained in the Cambium products described in this
document may not be copied, reproduced, reverse engineered, distributed, merged or modified in any
manner without the express written permission of Cambium. Furthermore, the purchase of Cambium
products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any
license under the copyrights, patents or patent applications of Cambium or other 3rd Party supplied
software, except for the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of
law in the sale of a product.
Restrictions
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law. No part of the software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
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without prior written permission of Cambium.
License Agreements
The software described in this document is the property of Cambium and its licensors. It is furnished
by express license agreement only and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such an
agreement.
High Risk Materials
Cambium and its supplier(s) specifically disclaim any express or implied warranty of fitness for any
high risk activities or uses of its products including, but not limited to, the operation of nuclear
facilities, aircraft navigation or aircraft communication systems, air traffic control, life support, or
weapons systems (“High Risk Use”). Any High Risk is unauthorized, is made at your own risk and you
shall be responsible for any and all losses, damage or claims arising out of any High Risk Use.
© 2013 Cambium Networks Limited. All Rights Reserved.
Safety and regulatory information
This section describes important safety and regulatory guidelines that must be observed by
personnel installing or operating ePMP equipment.

Important safety information

Warning
To prevent loss of life or physical injury, observe the safety guidelines in this section.

Power lines
Exercise extreme care when working near power lines.

Working at heights
Exercise extreme care when working at heights.

Grounding and protective earth

The Access Point (AP) must be properly grounded to protect against lightning. It is the user’s
responsibility to install the equipment in accordance with national regulations. In the USA, follow
Section 810 of the National Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA No.70-1984 (USA). In Canada, follow Section
54 of the Canadian Electrical Code. These codes describe correct installation procedures for
grounding the outdoor unit, mast, lead-in wire and discharge unit, size of grounding conductors
and connection requirements for grounding electrodes. Other regulations may apply in different
countries and therefore it is recommended that installation of the outdoor unit be contracted to a
professional installer.

Powering down before servicing

Always power down and unplug the equipment before servicing.

Primary disconnect device

The AP or STA power supply is the primary disconnect device.

External cables
Safety may be compromised if outdoor rated cables are not used for connections that will be
exposed to the outdoor environment.

Page iii
RF exposure near the antenna
Strong radio frequency (RF) fields will be present close to the antenna when the transmitter is on.
Always turn off the power to the AP or STA before undertaking maintenance activities in front of
the antenna.

Minimum separation distances

Install the AP or STA so as to provide and maintain the minimum separation distances from all
persons.
The minimum separation distances for each frequency variant are specified in Calculated distances
and power compliance margins on page 4-15.

Important regulatory information

The ePMP product is certified as an unlicensed device in frequency bands where it is not allowed
to cause interference to licensed services (called primary users of the bands).

Radar avoidance
In countries where radar systems are the primary band users, the regulators have mandated
special requirements to protect these systems from interference caused by unlicensed devices.
Unlicensed devices must detect and avoid co-channel operation with radar systems.
The ePMP provides detect and avoid functionality for countries and frequency bands requiring
protection for radar systems.
Installers and users must meet all local regulatory requirements for radar detection. To meet these
requirements, users must set the correct license key and region code during commissioning of the
the ePMP. If this is not done, installers and users may be liable to civil and criminal penalties.
Contact the Cambium helpdesk if more guidance is required.

USA and Canada specific information

The USA Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has asked manufacturers to implement
special features to prevent interference to weather radar systems that operate in the band 5600
MHz to 5650 MHz. These features must be implemented in all products able to operate outdoors in
the band 5470 MHz to 5725 MHz.
Manufacturers must ensure that such radio products cannot be configured to operate outside of
FCC rules; specifically it must not be possible to disable or modify the radar protection functions
that have been demonstrated to the FCC.
In order to comply with these FCC requirements, Cambium supplies variants of the ePMP for
operation in the USA or Canada. These variants are only allowed to operate with license keys and
region codes that comply with FCC/IC rules. In particular, operation of radio channels overlapping
the band 5600-5650 MHz is not allowed and these channels are permanently barred.
In addition, other channels may also need to be barred when operating close to weather radar
installations.

Page iv
 Note
To ensure compliance with FCC rules (KDB 443999: Interim Plans to Approve UNII Devices
Operating in the 5470 - 5725 MHz Band with Radar Detection and DFS Capabilities), follow
Avoidance of weather radars (USA only) on page 3-5.

Other variants of the ePMP are available for use in the rest of the world, but these variants are not
supplied to the USA or Canada except under strict controls, when they are needed for export and
deployment outside the USA or Canada.

Specific expertise and training required for professional installers

To ensure that the ePMP is installed and configured in compliance with the requirements of
Industry Canada and the FCC, installers must have the radio engineering skills and training
described in this section. This is particularly important when installing and configuring an ePMP
system for operation in the 5.4 GHz UNII band.

Avoidance of weather radars

The installer must be familiar with the requirements in FCC KDB 443999. Essentially, the installer
must be able to:
 Access the FCC data base of weather radar location and channel frequencies.
 Use this information to correctly configure the product (using the GUI) to avoid operation on
channels that should be barred according to the guidelines that are contained in the KDB and
explained in detail in this user guide.

External antennas
When using a connectorized version of the product (as compared to the version with an integrated
antenna), the conducted transmit power must be reduced to ensure the regulatory limit on
transmitter EIRP is not exceeded. The installer must have an understanding of how to compute
the effective antenna gain from the actual antenna gain and the feeder cable losses.
The range of permissible values for maximum antenna gain and feeder cable losses are included
in the user guide together with a sample calculation. The product GUI automatically applies the
correct conducted power limit to ensure that it is not possible for the installation to exceed the
EIRP limit, when the appropriate values for antenna gain and feeder cable losses are entered into
the GUI.

Ethernet networking skills

The installer must have the ability to configure IP addressing on a PC and to set up and control
products using a web browser interface.

Page v
Lightning protection
To protect outdoor radio installations from the impact of lightning strikes, the installer must be
familiar with the normal procedures for site selection, bonding and grounding. Installation
guidelines for the ePMP can be found in Chapter 3: System planning.

Training
The installer needs to have basic competence in radio and IP network installation. The specific
requirements applicable to the ePMP should be gained by reading this user guide and by
performing sample set ups at base workshop before live deployments.

Page vi
Contents

Contents
Safety and regulatory information ....................................................................................................... iii
Important safety information ....................................................................................................... iii
Important regulatory information ................................................................................................ iv
About This User Guide .......................................................................................................................... 1
General information .............................................................................................................................. 2
2BVersion information ....................................................................................................................... 2
23BContacting Cambium Networks .................................................................................................... 2
Problems and warranty ........................................................................................................................ 4
Security advice ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Warnings, cautions, and notes ............................................................................................................ 6
Caring for the environment .................................................................................................................. 7
Chapter 1: Product description ....................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview of ePMP .............................................................................................................................. 1-2
Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 1-2
Key features ................................................................................................................................. 1-2
Typical deployment ..................................................................................................................... 1-4
Hardware overview ..................................................................................................................... 1-4
Wireless operation ............................................................................................................................. 1-5
Time division duplexing ............................................................................................................. 1-5
OFDM and channel bandwidth .................................................................................................. 1-5
Adaptive modulation .................................................................................................................. 1-6
MIMO ............................................................................................................................................ 1-6
Radar avoidance .......................................................................................................................... 1-6
Encryption .................................................................................................................................... 1-7
Region codes ............................................................................................................................... 1-7
PMP networks .............................................................................................................................. 1-7
Further reading on wireless operation ...................................................................................... 1-9
System management ....................................................................................................................... 1-10
Management agent ................................................................................................................... 1-10
Web server ................................................................................................................................. 1-10
SNMP.......................................................................................................................................... 1-12
Network Time Protocol (NTP) .................................................................................................. 1-12
Cambium Network Services Server ........................................................................................ 1-12
Software upgrade ...................................................................................................................... 1-12
Further reading on system management ............................................................................... 1-13
Chapter 2: System hardware ........................................................................................................ 2-14
Site planning..................................................................................................................................... 2-15

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Contents

Site installation diagrams ......................................................................................................... 2-15

Grounding and lightning protection ........................................................................................ 2-18
Lightning protection zones ....................................................................................................... 2-18
Site grounding system.............................................................................................................. 2-19
Access Point (AP) ............................................................................................................................. 2-21
AP description ........................................................................................................................... 2-21
AP part numbers ....................................................................................................................... 2-22
AP mounting brackets ............................................................................................................... 2-22
AP interfaces .............................................................................................................................. 2-24
AP specifications ....................................................................................................................... 2-25
AP heater .................................................................................................................................... 2-26
AP and external antenna location ............................................................................................ 2-26
AP wind loading ........................................................................................................................ 2-26
STA description ......................................................................................................................... 2-28
STA part numbers ..................................................................................................................... 2-28
STA mounting bracket .............................................................................................................. 2-29
STA interfaces ........................................................................................................................... 2-30
STA specifications ..................................................................................................................... 2-31
STA heater ................................................................................................................................. 2-31
STA wind loading ...................................................................................................................... 2-32
Power supply .................................................................................................................................... 2-33
Power supply description ......................................................................................................... 2-33
Power supply part numbers ..................................................................................................... 2-33
Power supply interfaces ........................................................................................................... 2-33
Power supply specifications ..................................................................................................... 2-34
Power supply location .............................................................................................................. 2-35
Antennas and antenna cabling ....................................................................................................... 2-36
Antenna requirements .............................................................................................................. 2-36
RF cable ...................................................................................................................................... 2-36
FCC and IC approved antennas ................................................................................................ 2-36
Ethernet cabling ............................................................................................................................... 2-38
Ethernet standards and cable lengths ..................................................................................... 2-38
Outdoor Cat5e cable ................................................................................................................. 2-38
Surge Suppression unit ................................................................................................................... 2-39
Chapter 3: System planning ........................................................................................................... 3-1
Radio spectrum planning .................................................................................................................. 3-2
General wireless specifications ................................................................................................. 3-2
Regulatory limits ......................................................................................................................... 3-3
Conforming to the limits............................................................................................................. 3-3
Available spectrum ..................................................................................................................... 3-4
Channel bandwidth ..................................................................................................................... 3-4
Avoidance of weather radars (USA only) ................................................................................. 3-5
Link planning ...................................................................................................................................... 3-6

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Contents

Range and obstacles ................................................................................................................... 3-6

Path loss ....................................................................................................................................... 3-7
Adaptive modulation .................................................................................................................. 3-7
Planning for connectorized units ...................................................................................................... 3-8
Calculating maximum power level for connectorized units.................................................... 3-8
Data network planning .................................................................................................................... 3-10
Ethernet interfaces .................................................................................................................... 3-10
VLAN membership .................................................................................................................... 3-10
Quality of service for bridged Ethernet traffic ........................................................................ 3-11
Security planning ............................................................................................................................. 3-12
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information .................................................................................. 4-1
Cambium Networks end user license agreement ........................................................................... 4-2
Acceptance of this agreement ................................................................................................... 4-2
Definitions .................................................................................................................................... 4-2
Grant of license ........................................................................................................................... 4-2
Conditions of use ........................................................................................................................ 4-2
Title and restrictions ................................................................................................................... 4-3
Confidentiality ............................................................................................................................. 4-4
Right to use Cambium’s name ................................................................................................... 4-4
Transfer ........................................................................................................................................ 4-4
Updates ........................................................................................................................................ 4-4
Maintenance ................................................................................................................................ 4-5
Disclaimer .................................................................................................................................... 4-5
Limitation of liability ................................................................................................................... 4-5
U.S. government ......................................................................................................................... 4-6
Term of license ............................................................................................................................ 4-6
Governing law ............................................................................................................................. 4-6
Assignment .................................................................................................................................. 4-6
Survival of provisions ................................................................................................................. 4-6
Entire agreement ......................................................................................................................... 4-7
Third party software .................................................................................................................... 4-7
Hardware warranty ............................................................................................................................ 4-8
Limit of liability ................................................................................................................................... 4-9
Available spectrum settings ............................................................................................................ 4-10
5 GHz available spectrum settings .......................................................................................... 4-10
System threshold, output power and link loss .............................................................................. 4-12
Compliance with safety standards ................................................................................................. 4-13
Electrical safety compliance ..................................................................................................... 4-13
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance ................................................................. 4-13
Human exposure to radio frequency energy .......................................................................... 4-14
Compliance with radio regulations ................................................................................................ 4-17
Type approvals .......................................................................................................................... 4-17
FCC and ETSI compliance testing ............................................................................................ 4-18

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Contents

Examples of regulatory limits .................................................................................................. 4-18

Notifications...................................................................................................................................... 4-22
5.4 GHz regulatory compliance ................................................................................................ 4-22
5.8 GHz regulatory compliance ................................................................................................ 4-23
Thailand notification ................................................................................................................. 4-25
Data throughput tables .................................................................................................................... 4-26
Data throughput capacity ......................................................................................................... 4-26
Chapter 5: Configuration ................................................................................................................ 5-1
Preparing for configuration ............................................................................................................... 5-2
Safety precautions ...................................................................................................................... 5-2
Regulatory compliance ............................................................................................................... 5-2
Connecting to the unit ....................................................................................................................... 5-3
Configuring the management PC .............................................................................................. 5-3
Connecting to the PC and powering up .................................................................................... 5-4
Using the web interface ..................................................................................................................... 5-5
Logging into the web interface .................................................................................................. 5-5
Layout of the web interface ........................................................................................................ 5-6
Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu ........................................................................ 5-13
Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu...................................................................... 5-16
Using the AP menu options ............................................................................................................ 5-18
AP Configuration menu ............................................................................................................ 5-19
AP Monitor menu ...................................................................................................................... 5-35
AP Tools menu .......................................................................................................................... 5-43
Using the STA menu options .......................................................................................................... 5-54
STA Configuration menu .......................................................................................................... 5-55
STA Monitor menu .................................................................................................................... 5-70
STA Tools menu ........................................................................................................................ 5-78
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting ................................................................................... 6-1
Upgrading device software ............................................................................................................... 6-4
Testing hardware ............................................................................................................................... 6-5
Checking the power supply LED ................................................................................................ 6-5
Power LED is off .......................................................................................................................... 6-5
Ethernet LED is off ....................................................................................................................... 6-5
Testing the radio link ......................................................................................................................... 6-8
Module has lost or does not establish connectivity ................................................................ 6-8
Link is unreliable or does not achieve data rates required ..................................................... 6-9
Module Has Lost or Does Not Gain Sync.................................................................................. 6-9
Using the device external reset button .......................................................................................... 6-10
Resetting the AP or STA to factory defaults by power cycling .................................................... 6-11
General Planning for Troubleshooting ............................................................................................ 6-2
General Fault Isolation Process ................................................................................................. 6-2
Questions to Help Isolate the Problem ...................................................................................... 6-3
Glossary .................................................................................................................................................. I

Page x
Contents

Page xi
About This User Guide
This guide describes the planning, installation, configuration and operation of the Cambium ePMP
Series of point-to-multipoint wireless Ethernet systems. It is intended for use by the system
designer, system installer and system administrator.

For radio network design, refer to the following chapters:

 Chapter 1: Product description
 Chapter 2: System hardware
 Chapter 3: System planning
 Chapter 4: Legal and reference information

For system configuration, monitoring and fault-finding, refer to the following chapters:
 Chapter 5: Configuration
 Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting

For radio equipment installation, refer to the following guides:

 The ePMP Quick Start Guide

Note
The above installation guides are reproduced as addendums to this user guide.

Page 1
About This User Guide General information

General information

Version information
2B

The following shows the issue status of this document:

Issue Date of issue Remarks

000v001 July 2013 System Release 1.0

Contacting Cambium Networks

23B

Support website: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support

Main website: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com

Sales enquiries: [email protected]

Support enquiries: [email protected]

Telephone number list: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/contact

Address: Cambium Networks Limited,

3800 Golf Road, Suite 360
Rolling Meadows, IL 60008

Purpose
Cambium Networks Point-To-Multipoint (PMP) documents are intended to instruct and assist
personnel in the operation, installation and maintenance of the Cambium PMP equipment and
ancillary devices. It is recommended that all personnel engaged in such activities be properly
trained.
Cambium disclaims all liability whatsoever, implied or express, for any risk of damage, loss or
reduction in system performance arising directly or indirectly out of the failure of the customer, or
anyone acting on the customer's behalf, to abide by the instructions, system parameters, or
recommendations made in this document.

Page 2
About This User Guide General information

Cross references
References to external publications are shown in italics. Other cross references, emphasized in
blue text in electronic versions, are active links to the references.
This document is divided into numbered chapters that are divided into sections. Sections are not
numbered, but are individually named at the top of each page, and are listed in the table of
contents.

Feedback
We appreciate feedback from the users of our documents. This includes feedback on the structure,
content, accuracy, or completeness of our documents. Send feedback to
[email protected].

Page 3
About This User Guide Problems and warranty

Problems and warranty

Reporting problems
If any problems are encountered when installing or operating this equipment, follow this
procedure to investigate and report:

1 Search this document and the software release notes of supported releases.

2 Visit the support website.

3 Ask for assistance from the Cambium product supplier.

4 Gather information from affected units, such as any available diagnostic downloads.

5 Escalate the problem by emailing or telephoning support.

Repair and service

If unit failure is suspected, obtain details of the Return Material Authorization (RMA) process from
the support website.

Warranty
Cambium’s standard hardware warranty is for one (1) year from date of shipment from Cambium
or a Cambium distributor. Cambium warrants that hardware will conform to the relevant published
specifications and will be free from material defects in material and workmanship under normal
use and service. Cambium shall within this time, at its own option, either repair or replace the
defective product within thirty (30) days of receipt of the defective product. Repaired or replaced
product will be subject to the original warranty period but not less than thirty (30) days.
To register PMP products or activate warranties, visit the support website.
For warranty assistance, contact the reseller or distributor.

Caution
Using non-Cambium parts for repair could damage the equipment or void warranty. Contact
Cambium for service and repair instructions.
Portions of Cambium equipment may be damaged from exposure to electrostatic discharge. Use
precautions to prevent damage.

Page 4
About This User Guide Security advice

Security advice

Cambium Networks systems and equipment provide security parameters that can be configured
by the operator based on their particular operating environment. Cambium recommends setting
and using these parameters following industry recognized security practices. Security aspects to
be considered are protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and
assets. Assets include the ability to communicate, information about the nature of the
communications, and information about the parties involved.
In certain instances Cambium makes specific recommendations regarding security practices,
however the implementation of these recommendations and final responsibility for the security of
the system lies with the operator of the system.

Page 5
About This User Guide Warnings, cautions, and notes

Warnings, cautions, and notes

The following describes how warnings and cautions are used in this document and in all
documents of the Cambium Networks document set.

Warnings
Warnings precede instructions that contain potentially hazardous situations. Warnings are used to
alert the reader to possible hazards that could cause loss of life or physical injury. A warning has
the following format:

Warning
Warning text and consequence for not following the instructions in the warning.

Cautions
Cautions precede instructions and are used when there is a possibility of damage to systems,
software, or individual items of equipment within a system. However, this damage presents no
danger to personnel. A caution has the following format:

Caution
Caution text and consequence for not following the instructions in the caution.

Notes
A note means that there is a possibility of an undesirable situation or provides additional
information to help the reader understand a topic or concept. A note has the following format:

Note
Note text.

Page 6
About This User Guide Caring for the environment

Caring for the environment

The following information describes national or regional requirements for the disposal of
Cambium Networks supplied equipment and for the approved disposal of surplus packaging.

In EU countries
The following information is provided to enable regulatory compliance with the European Union
(EU) directives identified and any amendments made to these directives when using Cambium
equipment in EU countries.

Disposal of Cambium equipment

European Union (EU) Directive 2002/96/EC Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
Do not dispose of Cambium equipment in landfill sites. For disposal instructions, refer to
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support

Disposal of surplus packaging

Do not dispose of surplus packaging in landfill sites. In the EU, it is the individual recipient’s
responsibility to ensure that packaging materials are collected and recycled according to the
requirements of EU environmental law.

In non-EU countries
In non-EU countries, dispose of Cambium equipment and all surplus packaging in accordance with
national and regional regulations.

Page 7
Chapter 1: Product description
This chapter provides a high level description of the ePMP product. It describes in general terms
the function of the product, the main product variants and typical deployment. It also describes the
main hardware components.
The following topics are described in this chapter:
 Overview of ePMP on page 1-2 introduces the key features, typical uses, product variants and
components of the ePMP.
 Wireless operation on page 1-5 describes how the ePMP wireless link is operated, including
modulation modes, power control and security.
 System management on page 1-10 introduces the ePMP management system, including the
web interface, installation, configuration, alerts and upgrades.

Page 1-1
Chapter 1: Product description Overview of ePMP

Overview of ePMP

This section introduces the key features, typical uses, product variants and components of the
ePMP.

Purpose
Cambium ePMP Series products are designed for Ethernet bridging over point-to-multipoint
microwave links in the unlicensed 5 GHz bands. Users must ensure that the ePMP Series complies
with local operating regulations.
The ePMP Series acts as a transparent bridge between two segments of the operator and
customers’ networks. In this sense, it can be treated as a virtual wired connection between the
Access Point and the Station. The ePMP Series forwards 802.3 Ethernet packets destined for the
other part of the network and filters packets it does not need to forward.

Key features
The ePMP is a high performance wireless bridge for Ethernet traffic with a maximum throughput
of 120 Mbps. It is capable of operating in line-of-sight (LOS) and near-LOS and non-LOS
propagation conditions. Its maximum LOS range is 15 mi.
The ePMP operates in the unlicensed 5 GHz bands and supports a channel bandwidth of up to
20 MHz. It is available with an integrated antenna or in connectorized version for use with an
external antenna.
The wireless link is TDD based.
From a network point-of-view, the ePMP wireless link is a transparent Layer 2 bridge. It offers
limited switching capability in order to support a primary and a secondary Ethernet port on the
Station.
ePMP has extensive quality of service (QoS) classification capability and supports three traffic
priorities. Management of the unit may be via the same interface as the bridged traffic (in-band
Management).
One of the Station Ethernet ports is capable of providing power to an external device such as a
video surveillance camera or a wireless access point. This feature allows low cost, ease of
deployment.
Table 1 gives a summary of the main ePMP characteristics.

Page 1-2
Chapter 1: Product description Overview of ePMP

Table 1 Main characteristics of the ePMP Series

Characteristic Value

Topology PMP

Wireless link condition LOS, near LOS

Range Up to 15 mi

Duplexing TDD

Connectivity Ethernet

Operating frequencies Unlicensed bands, 5 GHz

Channel bandwidth 20 MHz

Data rate Up to 120 Mbps (20 MHz channel BW)

Page 1-3
Chapter 1: Product description Overview of ePMP

Typical deployment
The ePMP is a solution consisting of an integrated or connectorized outdoor unit and an indoor
power supply unit/LAN injector.
The AP provides the following interfaces:
 Ethernet port: This provides power over Ethernet and connection to the management and/or
data networks via 10BaseT, 100BaseT or 1000BaseT Ethernet. This is the only Ethernet
connection to the AP.
The STA provides the following interfaces:
 Primary Ethernet port: This provides power over Ethernet and connection to the management
and/or data networks via 10BaseT, or 100BaseT Ethernet.
 Secondary Ethernet port: This provides a powering and networking mechanism for connecting
devices (such as a surveillance camera) to the STA.

Hardware overview
The main hardware components of the ePMP are as follows:
 Access Point Module (AP): A connectorized outdoor transceiver unit containing all the radio,
networking, antenna, and surge suppression electronics.
 Access Point Power Supply: An indoor power supply module providing Power-over-Ethernet
(PoE) supply to the Access Point.
 Access Point Cabling: Cat 5e cables, grounding cables, and connectors.
 Station (STA): An integrated-antenna outdoor transceiver unit containing all the radio,
antenna, and networking electronics.
 Station Power Supply: An indoor power supply module providing Power-over-Ethernet (PoE)
supply to the Subscriber Module.
 Station Cabling and lightning protection: Cat 5e cables, connectors and lightning protection
(surge suppression).

For more information about these components, including interfaces, specifications and Cambium
part numbers, refer to Chapter 2: System hardware.

Page 1-4
Chapter 1: Product description Wireless operation

Wireless operation

This section describes how the ePMP wireless link is operated, including modulation modes,
power control and security.

Time division duplexing

TDD cycle
ePMP links operate using Time Division Duplexing (TDD). They use a TDD cycle in which the APs
and STAs alternately transmit and receive TDD bursts. The steps in the cycle are as follows:

1 The TDD AP transmits a burst to the TDD STA.

2 A delay occurs as the AP-STA burst propagates over the link.

3 The STA receives the burst from the AP.

4 The STA processes the AP-STA burst.

5 The STA transmits a burst to the AP.

6 A delay occurs as the STA-AP burst propagates over the link.

7 The AP receives the burst from the STA.

8 The AP transmits the next burst to the STA.

OFDM and channel bandwidth

The ePMP series transmits using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). This
wideband signal consists of many equally spaced sub-carriers. Although each sub carrier is
modulated at a low rate using conventional modulation schemes, the resultant data rate from all
the sub-carriers is high.
The channel bandwidth of the OFDM signal is 20 MHz.
Each channel is offset in center frequency from its neighboring channel by 5 MHz.

Page 1-5
Chapter 1: Product description Wireless operation

Adaptive modulation
The ePMP series can transport data over the wireless link using a number of different modulation
modes ranging from 64-QAM to QPSK. For a given channel bandwidth and TDD frame structure,
each modulation mode transports data at a fixed rate. Also, the receiver requires a given signal to
noise ratio in order to successfully demodulate a given modulation mode. Although the more
complex modulations such as 64QAM will transport data at a much higher rate than the less
complex modulation modes, the receiver requires a much higher signal to noise ratio.
The ePMP series provides an adaptive modulation scheme where the receiver constantly monitors
the quality of the received signal and notifies the far end of the link of the optimum modulation
mode with which to transmit. In this way, optimum capacity is achieved at all times.

MIMO
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques provide protection against fading and increase
the probability that the receiver will decode a usable signal.
The ePMP transmits two signals on the same radio frequency, one of which is vertically polarized
and the other horizontally polarized. The ePMP also has the ability to adapt between two modes of
operation:

Radar avoidance
In regions where protection of radars is part of the local regulations, the ePMP must detect
interference from radar-like systems and avoid co-channel operation with these systems.
To meet this requirement, the ePMP implements the following features:
 The equipment can only transmit on available channels, of which there are none at initial
power up. The radar detection algorithm will always scan a usable channel for 60 seconds for
radar interference before making the channel an available channel.
 This compulsory channel scan will mean that there is at least 60 seconds service outage every
time radar is detected and that the installation time is extended by at least 60 seconds even if
there is found to be no radar on the channel

There is a secondary requirement for bands requiring radar avoidance. Regulators have mandated
that products provide a uniform loading of the spectrum across all devices. In general, this
prevents operation with fixed frequency allocations. However:
 ETSI regulations do allow frequency planning of networks (as that has the same effect of
spreading the load across the spectrum).
 The FCC does allow channels to be barred if there is actually interference on them.

Page 1-6
Chapter 1: Product description Wireless operation

Note
When operating in a region which requires DFS, ensure that the AP is configured with alternate
frequencies and that the STA is configured to scan for these frequencies to avoid long outages.

Encryption
The ePMP supports optional encryption for data transmitted over the wireless link. The encryption
algorithm used is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with 128-bit key size. AES is a
symmetric encryption algorithm approved by U.S. Government organizations (and others) to
protect sensitive information.

Region codes
Some aspects of wireless operation are controlled, enforced or restricted according to a region
code. ePMP region codes represent individual countries (for example Denmark) or regulatory
regions (for example FCC or ETSI).
Region codes affect the following aspects of wireless operation:
 Maximum transmit power
 Radar avoidance
 Frequency range
A region code is encoded in the ePMP license key. The region code can be changed by generating
and entering a new license key.

Caution
To avoid possible enforcement action by the country regulator, always operate links in
accordance with local regulations.

PMP networks
Using frequency planning
Networks will benefit from the use of fixed channel allocations if (a) the network consists of
multiple PMP links, and (b) RF interference predominantly arises from equipment in the same
network.
Frequency planning is the exercise of assigning operating channels to PMP units so as to minimize
RF interference between links. Frequency planning must consider interference from any PMP unit
to any other PMP unit in the network. Low levels of interference normally allow for stable
operation and high link capacity.

Page 1-7
Chapter 1: Product description Wireless operation

The frequency planning task is made more straightforward by use of the following techniques:
 Using several different channels
 Separating units located on the same mast
For help with planning networks, refer to Chapter 3: System planning, or contact your Cambium
distributor or re-seller.

Page 1-8
Chapter 1: Product description Wireless operation

Further reading on wireless operation

For information on planning wireless operation, refer to the following:
 Radio spectrum planning on page 3-2 describes the regulatory restrictions that affect radio
spectrum usage, such as frequency range and radar avoidance.
 Link planning on page 3-6 describes factors to be taken into account when planning links, such
as range, path loss and data throughput, and introduces PMP LINKPlanner.
 Compliance with safety standards on page 4-13 lists the safety specifications against which the
ePMP has been tested, and describes how to keep RF exposure within safe limits.
 Compliance with radio regulations on page 4-17 describes how the ePMP complies with the
radio regulations that are in force in various countries.
 Notifications on page 4-22 contains notifications of compliance with the radio regulations that
are in force in various regions.
 Data throughput tables on page 4-26 contains tables and graphs to support calculation of the
data rate capacity that can be provided by ePMP configurations.
For information on configuring and operating the wireless link, refer to the following:
 Chapter 5: Configuration on page 5-1 describes the configuration parameters of the ePMP
devices
 Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting on page 6-8 describes post-installation procedures
and troubleshooting tips.

Page 1-9
Chapter 1: Product description System management

System management

This section introduces the ePMP management system, including the web interface, installation,
configuration, alerts and upgrades, and management software.

Management agent
ePMP equipment is managed through an embedded management agent. Management
workstations, network management systems or PCs can be connected to this agent using the
module’s Ethernet port or over-the air (STA).
The management agent supports the following interfaces:
 Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
 Simple network management protocol (SNMP)
 Network time protocol (NTP)
 System logging (Syslog)
 Cambium Network Services Server (CNSS) software

Web server
The ePMP management agent contains a web server. The web server supports access via the
HTTP interface..
Web-based management offers a convenient way to manage the ePMP equipment from a locally
connected computer or from a network management workstation connected through a
management network, without requiring any special management software. The web-based
interfaces are the only interfaces supported for installation of ePMP, and for the majority of ePMP
configuration management tasks.

Page 1-10
Chapter 1: Product description System management

Figure 1 AP web-based management screenshot

Web pages
The web-based management interfaces provide comprehensive web-based fault, configuration,
performance and security management functions organized into the following web-pages and
groups:
Access Point and Station web-pages:
 Dashboard: The Dashboard web-page reports the general device status, session status,
remote subscriber status, event log information, and network interface status.
 Configure: The Configuration web-page may be utilized for configuring general device
parameters, as well as IP, radio, SNMP, Quality of Service (QoS), security, time, VLAN, protocol
filtering, and unit settings.
 Monitor: The Monitor web-page reports detailed operating statistics for the radio link and
network, and reports system log information.
 Tools: The Tools web-page offers useful tools for device installation, configuration, and
operation including software upgrade, backup/restore, spectrum analyzer, throughput test,
ping test, and traceroute.
 Quick Start: The Quick Start web-page provides quick access to requisite parameters for radio
link establishment and network access.

Page 1-11
Chapter 1: Product description System management

Identity-based user accounts

When identity-based user accounts are configured, a security officer can define from one to four
user accounts, each of which may have one of the four possible roles:
 ADMINISTRATOR, who has full read and write permissions.
 INSTALLER, who has permissions to read and write parameters applicable to unit
installation and monitoring.
 HOME, who has permissions only to access pertinent information for support purposes
 READONLY, who only has permissions to view the Monitor page.

SNMP
The management agent supports fault and performance management by means of an SNMP
interface. The management agent is compatible with SNMP v1 and SNMP v2c using 5
Management Information Base (MIB) files which are available for download from the Cambium
Networks Support website (http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support/pmp/software/).

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

The clock supplies accurate date and time information to the system. It can be set to run with or
without a connection to a network time server (NTP). It can be configured to display local time by
setting the time zone and daylight saving in the Time web page.
If an NTP server connection is available, the clock can be set to synchronize with the server time at
regular intervals.
ePMP devices may receive NTP data from a CMM3 or CMM4 module or an NTP server configured
in the system’s management network.
The Time Zone option is configurable on the AP’s Configure, System page, and may be used to
offset the received NTP time to match the operator’s local time zone.

Cambium Network Services Server

The Cambium Network Services Server may be used to monitor, configure, and upgrade Cambium
network equipment.

Software upgrade
Software upgrades may be issued via the radio web interface (Tools, Software Upgrade) or via
CNSS (Cambium Networks Services Server).

Page 1-12
Chapter 1: Product description System management

Further reading on system management

For more information on system management, refer to the following:
 Security planning on page 3-12 describes how to plan for ePMP links to operate in secure
modes, including SNMP and SNMPv3.
 AP System page on page 5-26
 STA System page on page 5-60

Page 1-13
Chapter 2: System hardware System management

Chapter 2: System hardware

This chapter describes the hardware components of a ePMP link.
The following topics are described in this chapter:
 Site planning on page 2-15 describes factors to be considered when planning the
proposed network.

Page 2-14
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

Site planning

Conduct a site survey to ensure that the proposed AP and STA sites meet the requirements
defined in this section.

Site installation diagrams

An ePMP site typically consists of a high supporting structure such as a mast, tower or building for
the AP o STA.
There is only one Ethernet interface, a copper Cat5e connection from the AP or STA to the AP/STA
power supply and network terminating equipment.
Typical site installations for a basic configuration are shown in the following diagrams:
 Mast or tower installation – Figure 2
 Wall installation – Figure 3
 Roof installation – Figure 4

Figure 2 Mast or tower installation

Outdoor CAT5e cable: shielded

with copper-plated steel

Cat5e cable

Ground Cable

Tower/building ground system

AP

Equipment building

Power
600SS supply

Network
External switch
ground bar

Ground ring

Page 2-15
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

Figure 3 Wall installation

Outdoor CAT5e cable: shielded
with copper-plated steel

Cat5e cable

Building ground system

Equipment building
Ground cable
SM

Power
600SS
Supply

Network
switch
External
ground bar

Ground ring

Page 2-16
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

Figure 4 Roof installation

CAT5e cable: outdoor, shielded
Air terminal (finial) with copper-plated steel

Ground cable

Building ground system

AP

Tower grounding
600SS
conductor

To equipment area

AC
Building ground ring service

Page 2-17
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

Grounding and lightning protection

Warning
Electro-magnetic discharge (lightning) damage is not covered under warranty. The
recommendations in this guide, when followed correctly, give the user the best protection from
the harmful effects of EMD. However 100% protection is neither implied nor possible.

Structures, equipment and people must be protected against power surges (typically caused by
lightning) by conducting the surge current to ground via a separate preferential solid path. The
actual degree of protection required depends on local conditions and applicable local regulations.
To adequately protect a ePMP installation, both ground bonding and transient voltage surge
suppression are required.
Full details of lightning protection methods and requirements can be found in the international
standards IEC 61024-1 and IEC 61312-1, the U.S. National Electric Code ANSI/NFPA No. 70-1984 or
section 54 of the Canadian Electric Code.

Note
International and national standards take precedence over the requirements in this guide.

Lightning protection zones

Use the rolling sphere method (Figure 5) to determine where it is safe to mount equipment. An
imaginary sphere, typically 50 meters in radius, is rolled over the structure. Where the sphere rests
against the ground and a strike termination device (such as a finial or ground bar), all the space
under the sphere is considered to be in the zone of protection (Zone B). Similarly, where the
sphere rests on two finials, the space under the sphere is considered to be in the zone of
protection.

Page 2-18
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

Figure 5 Rolling sphere method to determine the lightning protection zones

Equipment

Zone B
Zone A
Zone A

50 m

Zone B

Assess locations on masts, towers and buildings to determine if the location is in Zone A or Zone
B:
 Zone A: In this zone a direct lightning strike is possible. Do not mount equipment in this zone.
 Zone B: In this zone, direct EMD (lightning) effects are still possible, but mounting in this zone
significantly reduces the possibility of a direct strike. Mount equipment in this zone.

Warning
Never mount equipment in Zone A. Mounting in Zone A may put equipment, structures and life
at risk.

Site grounding system

Confirm that the site has a correctly installed grounding system on a common ground ring with
access points for grounding ePMP equipment.
If the outdoor equipment is to be installed on the roof of a high building (Figure 4), confirm that
the following additional requirements are met:
 A grounding conductor is installed around the roof perimeter to form the main roof perimeter
lightning protection ring.

Page 2-19
Chapter 2: System hardware Site planning

 Air terminals are installed along the length of the main roof perimeter lightning protection
ring, typically every 6.1m (20ft).
 The main roof perimeter lightning protection ring contains at least two down conductors
connected to the grounding electrode system. The down conductors should be physically
separated from one another, as far as practical.

Page 2-20
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

Access Point (AP)

For details of the ePMP hardware, refer to the following:

 AP description on page 2-21
 AP part numbers on page 2-22
 AP mounting brackets on page 2-22
 AP interfaces on page 2-24
 AP specifications on page 2-25
 AP and external antenna location on page 2-26
 AP wind loading on page 2-26

AP description

Figure 6 ePMP Series AP (connectorized)

The AP is a self-contained transceiver unit that
houses both radio and networking electronics.
The AP is supplied in a connectorized model
(without an antenna). The connectorized AP is
designed to work with externally mounted
antennas that have high gains. Connectorized
units can cope with more difficult radio
conditions.

Note
To select antennas, RF cables and connectors
for connectorized units, see Antennas and
antenna cabling on page 2-36.

Page 2-21
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

AP part numbers
Choose the correct regional variant: one is for use in regions where FCC or IC licensing restrictions
apply (FCC/IC), and the other is for use in ETSI countries or the rest of the world (ETSI/RoW).
Each of the parts listed in Table 2 includes the following items:
 One AP
 One power supply / LAN injector

The GPS-capable parts listed in Table 2 also ship with a GPS antenna.

Table 2 AP part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part number

ePMP GPS, Conn - 5 GHz - no power cord C050900A011A

ePMP GPS, Conn - 5 GHz - US power cord - FCC version C058900A112A

ePMP Conn - 5 GHz - no power cord C050900A021A

ePMP Conn - 5 GHz - US power cord - FCC version C058900A122A

Table 3 AP accessory part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part number

ePMP Pwr Supply for GPS Radio - no cord (spare) N000900L001A

ePMP Pwr Supply for non-GPS Radio - no cord (spare) N000900L002A

AP mounting brackets

Figure 7 AP mounting brackets (integrated and

connectorized)
The AP is designed to be mounted on a
Cambium sector antenna, but may also be pole-
mounted for use with a non-Cambium antenna.
T types of mounting bracket are available from
Cambium Networks:
Order AP mounting brackets from Cambium
Networks (Table 4).

Page 2-22
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

Table 4 AP mounting bracket part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part

number

ePMP AP Pole-mounting Bracket N0000

Page 2-23
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

AP interfaces
The AP interfaces are illustrated in Figure 8 and described in Table 5.

Figure 8 AP interfaces
Antenna port H ETH
Antenna port V
GPS

Table 5 AP interfaces

Port name Connector Interface Description

Antenna,
Antenna port H N type To/from H polarized antenna port
H polarization

Antenna,
Antenna port V N type To/from V polarized antenna port
V polarization

Proprietary power over Ethernet (PoE)

PoE input
twisted pair.
ETH RJ45
10/100/1000BT
Management and data
Ethernet

GPS SMA Antenna, GPS To/from GPS antenna

By depressing the reset button between 2

and 10 seconds, the device will reset. By
Reset Button N/A N/A depressing the reset button for longer than
10 seconds, the device is reset to its factory
default configuration

Page 2-24
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

AP specifications
The ePMP conforms to the specifications listed in Table 6 and Table 8. These specifications apply
to all ePMP product variants.
The AP meets the low level static discharge specifications identified in Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) compliance on page 4-13 but does not provide lightning or surge suppression.

Table 6 Connectorized AP physical specifications

Category Specification

Dimensions (H x Radio: 227 x 88 x 33 mm (8.9” x 3.5” x 1.3”)

W x D)
Antenna: 529 x 124 x 53 mm (20.8” x 4.9” x 2.1”)

Weight .521 kg (1.15 lbs) without antenna

1.92 kg (4.23 lbs) with antenna

Table 8 AP environmental specifications

Category Specification

Temperature -30°C (-22°F) to +55°C (131°F)

Wind loading 118 mph (190 kph) maximum. See AP wind loading on page 2-26
for a full description.

Humidity 100% condensing

Environmental IP54

Page 2-25
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

AP heater
Upon power on, if the ePMP AP device temperature is at or below 32° F (0° C), an internal heater is
activated to ensure that the device is able to successfully begin operation. The unit’s heater is only
activated when the unit is powered on, and will not apply heat to the device once startup is
complete. When the unit temperature is greater than 32° F (0° C), the heater is deactivated and the
AP continues its startup sequence.
The effect on AP startup time at various temps are defined in

Table 9 AP startup times based on ambient temperature

Initial Startup time (from power on to operational)

Temperature

-22° F (-30° C) 20 minutes

-4° F (-20° C) 6 minutes

14° F (-10° C) 2 minutes, 30 seconds

AP and external antenna location

Find a location for the AP (and external antenna for connectorized units) that meets the following
requirements:
 The equipment is high enough to achieve the best radio path.
 People can be kept a safe distance away from the equipment when it is radiating. The safe
separation distances are defined in Calculated distances and power compliance margins on
page 4-15.
 The equipment is lower than the top of the supporting structure (tower, mast or building) or its
lightning air terminal.
 The location is not subject to excessive wind loading. For more information, see AP wind
loading on page 2-26.

AP wind loading
Ensure that the AP and the structure on which it is mounted are capable of withstanding the
prevalent wind speeds at a proposed ePMP site. Wind speed statistics should be available from
national meteorological offices.
The AP and its mounting bracket are capable of withstanding wind speeds of up to 190 kph
(118 mph).

Page 2-26
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

Wind blowing on the AP will subject the mounting structure to significant lateral force. The
magnitude of the force depends on both wind strength and surface area of the AP. Wind loading is
estimated using the following formulae:
Force (in kilogrammes) = 0.1045aV2

Where: Is:
a surface area in square meters

V wind speed in meters per second

Force (in pounds) = 0.0042Av2

Where: Is:

A surface area in square feet

v wind speed in miles per hour

Applying these formulae to the ePMP AP at different wind speeds, the resulting wind loadings are
shown in Table 10 and Table 11.

Table 10 AP wind loading (Kg)

Type of AP Largest Wind speed (meters per second)

surface area
(square meters) 30 40 50 60 70

Connectorized .066 6.2 Kg 11 Kg 17.2 Kg 24.8 Kg 33.8 Kg

Table 11 AP wind loading (lb)

Type of AP Largest surface Wind speed (miles per hour)

area (square
feet) 80 100 120 140 150

Connectorized .65 17.5 lb 27.3 lb 39.3 lb 53.5 lb 61.4 lb

Page 2-27
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

STA description

Figure 9 ePMP Series STA (integrated)

The STA is a self-contained transceiver unit that

houses both radio and networking electronics.
The STA is supplied in an integrated model
(with and internal patch antenna).

STA part numbers

Choose the correct regional variant: one is for use in regions where FCC or IC licensing restrictions
apply (FCC/IC), and the other is for use in ETSI countries or the rest of the world (ETSI/RoW).
Each of the parts listed in Table 12 includes the following items:
 One STA (with mounting bracket)
 One power supply / LAN injector
 One metal mounting strap

Table 12 STA part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part number

ePMP Integrated – 5 GHz – no power cord C050900C031A

ePMP Integrated – 5 GHz – US power cord – FCC version C058900C132A

Table 13 AP accessory part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part number

ePMP Pwr Supply for non-GPS Radio - no cord (spare) N000900L002A

Page 2-28
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

STA mounting bracket

Figure 10 STA mounting bracket (integrated)

The STA is designed to be pole-mounted for

use with a non-Cambium antenna.
Order STA mounting brackets from Cambium
Networks (Table 4).

Page 2-29
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

STA interfaces
The STA interfaces are illustrated in Figure 8 and described in Table 5.

Figure 11 STA interfaces

Auxiliary
Ethernet

Primary
Ethernet

Table 14 AP interfaces

Port name Connector Interface Description

Proprietary power over Ethernet (PoE)

PoE input
Primary Ethernet RJ45 twisted pair.

10/100BT Ethernet Management and data

Auxiliary PoE output, data PoE output for auxiliary devices (i.e.
RJ45
Ethernet bridging surveillance camera), data bridging.

Page 2-30
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

STA specifications
The ePMP STA conforms to the specifications listed in Table 6 and Table 8. These specifications
apply to all ePMP product variants.
The STA meets the low level static discharge specifications identified in Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) compliance on page 4-13 but does not provide lightning or surge suppression.

Table 15 Integrated STA physical specifications

Category Specification

Dimensions (H x Radio: Radio: 252 x 117 x 78 mm (9.9” x 4.6” x 3.1”)

W x D)

Weight 4.94 kg (10.9 lbs)

16

Table 17 STA environmental specifications

Category Specification

Temperature -30°C (-22°F) to +55°C (131°F)

Wind loading 118 mph (190 kph) maximum. See STA wind loading on page 2-32
for a full description.

Humidity 100% condensing

Environmental IP54

STA heater
Upon power on, if the ePMP STA device temperature is at or below 32° F (0° C), an internal heater
is activated to ensure that the device is able to successfully begin operation. The unit’s heater is
only activated when the unit is powered on, and will not apply heat to the device once startup is
complete. When the unit temperature is greater than 32° F (0° C), the heater is deactivated and the
STA continues its startup sequence.
The effect on STA startup time at various temps are defined in Table 18.

Table 18 AP startup times based on ambient temperature

Initial Startup time (from power on to operational)

Temperature

-22° F (-30° C) 4 minutes

-4° F (-20° C) 2 minutes

14° F (-10° C) 1 minutes, 30 seconds

Page 2-31
Chapter 2: System hardware Access Point (AP)

STA wind loading

Ensure that the STA and the structure on which it is mounted are capable of withstanding the
prevalent wind speeds at a proposed ePMP site. Wind speed statistics should be available from
national meteorological offices.
The AP and its mounting bracket are capable of withstanding wind speeds of up to 190 kph
(118 mph).
Wind blowing on the STA will subject the mounting structure to significant lateral force. The
magnitude of the force depends on both wind strength and surface area of the STA. Wind loading
is estimated using the following formulae:
Force (in kilogrammes) = 0.1045aV2

Where: Is:

a surface area in square meters

V wind speed in meters per second

Force (in pounds) = 0.0042Av2

Where: Is:

A surface area in square feet

v wind speed in miles per hour

Applying these formulae to the ePMP STA at different wind speeds, the resulting wind loadings
are shown in Table 10 and Table 11.

Table 19 STA wind loading (Kg)

Type of STA Largest Wind speed (meters per second)

surface area
(square meters) 30 40 50 60 70

Integrated 0.029 2.7 Kg 4.8 Kg 7.5 Kg 10.9 Kg 14.8 Kg

Table 20 STA wind loading (lb)

Type of AP Largest surface Wind speed (miles per hour)

area (square
feet) 80 100 120 140 150

Integrated 0.31 8.3 lb 13 lb 18.7 lb 25.5 lb 29.3 lb

Page 2-32
Chapter 2: System hardware Power supply

Power supply

For details of the ePMP power supply units, refer to the following:
 Power supply description on page 2-33
 Power supply part numbers on page 2-33
 Power supply interfaces on page 2-33
 Power supply specifications on page 2-34
 Power supply location on page 2-35

Power supply description

The power supply is an indoor unit that is connected to the AP or STA and network terminating
equipment using Cat5e cable with RJ45 connectors. It is also plugged into an AC or DC power
supply so that it can inject Power over Ethernet (PoE) into the AP or STA.

Power supply part numbers

Each AP or STA requires one power supply and one power supply line cord. Order power supplies
and line cords from Cambium Networks (Table 21).

Table 21 Power supply component part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part

number

ePMP Pwr Supply for GPS Radio - no cord (spare) N000900L001A

ePMP Pwr Supply for non-GPS Radio - no cord (spare) N000900L002A

Power supply interfaces

The power supply interfaces are illustrated in Figure 12 and described in Table 22 and Table 23.

Page 2-33
Chapter 2: System hardware Power supply

Figure 12 Power supply interfaces

Table 22 Power supply interface functions

Interface Function

100-240V 47-63Hz 1.8A Mains power input.

Gigabit Data + Power RJ45 socket for connecting Cat5e cable to AP/STA.

Gigabit Data RJ45 socket for connecting Cat5e cable to network.

Table 23 Power Supply LED functions

LED Function

Power (green) Power supply detection

Power supply specifications

The ePMP power supply conforms to the specifications listed in Table 24, Table 25 and Table 26.
These specifications apply to all ePMP product variants.

Table 24 Power supply physical specifications

Category Specification

Dimensions

Weight

Page 2-34
Chapter 2: System hardware Power supply

Table 25 Power supply environmental specifications

Category Specification

Temperature

Humidity

Table 26 Power supply electrical specifications

Category

AC Input

Efficiency

Over Current Protection

Hold up time

Power supply location

Find a location for the power supply that meets the following requirements:
 The power supply can be mounted on a wall or other flat surface.
 The power supply is kept dry, with no possibility of condensation, flooding or rising damp.
 The power supply can be accessed to view status indicators.
 The power supply can be connected to the AP or STA drop cable and network terminating
equipment.
 The power supply can be connected to a mains or dc power supply that meets the
requirements defined in Table 26.

Page 2-35
Chapter 2: System hardware Antennas and antenna cabling

Antennas and antenna cabling

Connectorized APs require external antennas connected using RF cable. For details of the antennas
and accessories required for a connectorized ePMP installation, refer to the following:
 Antenna requirements on page 2-36
 RF cable on page 2-36
 FCC and IC approved antennas on page 2-36

Antenna requirements
For connectorized units operating in the USA or Canada 5.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz bands, choose external
antennas from those listed in FCC and IC approved antennas on page 2-36. Do not install any other
antennas. For installations in other countries, the listed antennas are advisory, not mandatory.

RF cable
RF cable is required for connecting the AP to the antenna. Order cable from Cambium Networks
(Table 27).

Table 27 RF cable part numbers

Cambium description Cambium part number

FCC and IC approved antennas

For connectorized units operating in the USA or Canada, choose external antennas from Table 28
(5.4 GHz). These are approved by the FCC for use with the product and are constrained by the
following limits for single- or dual-polarization parabolic dish antennas:
 5.4 GHz - 34.9 dBi (33.4 dBi for 5 MHz bandwidth) per polarization or antenna.
 5.8 GHz - up to 37.7 dBi per polarization or antenna.

Page 2-36
Chapter 2: System hardware Antennas and antenna cabling

Caution
Antennas not included in these tables are strictly prohibited for use with the ePMP in the
specified bands.

Caution
This radio transmitter ( IC certification number 109W-0005 ) has been approved by Industry
Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and
required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this
list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited
for use with this device.
Le présent émetteur radio (Numéro de certification IC 109W-0005 ) a été approuvé par Industrie
Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne énumérés ci-dessous et ayant un gain
admissible maximal et l'impédance requise pour chaque type d'antenne. Les types d'antenne
non inclus dans cette liste, ou dont le gain est supérieur au gain maximal indiqué, sont
strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'émetteur.

Table 28 Allowed antennas for deployment in USA/Canada – 5 GHz

Manufacturer Antenna Type Gain (dBi)

Page 2-37
Chapter 2: System hardware Ethernet cabling

Ethernet cabling

For details of the Ethernet cabling components of an ePMP installation, refer to the following:
 Ethernet standards and cable lengths on page 2-38
 Outdoor Cat5e cable on page 2-38

Ethernet standards and cable lengths

All configurations require a copper Ethernet connection from the power supply port to the power
supply and network terminating equipment.
Table 29 specifies, for each power supply, the maximum permitted drop cable length.

Table 29 Power supply drop cable length restrictions

Part number Maximum cable length (*1)

(*1) Maximum length of Ethernet cable from AP/STA to power supply

Outdoor Cat5e cable

For copper connections from the AP/STA to the power supply, use Cat5e cable that is shielded with
copper-plated steel.

Caution
Always use Cat5e cable that is shielded with copper-plated steel. Alternative types of drop cable
are not supported by Cambium Networks.

Page 2-38
Chapter 2: System hardware Surge Suppression unit

Surge Suppression unit

Page 2-39
Chapter 3: System planning
This chapter provides information to help the user to plan a ePMP link.
The following topics are described in this chapter:
 Radio spectrum planning on page 3-2 describes how to plan ePMP links to conform to the
regulatory restrictions that apply in the country of operation.
 Link planning on page 3-6 describes factors to be taken into account when planning links, such
as range, path loss and throughput.
 Planning for connectorized units on page 3-8 describes factors to be taken into account when
planning to use connectorized APs with external antennas in ePMP links.
 Grounding and lightning protection on page 2-18 describes the grounding and lightning
protection requirements of a ePMP installation.
 Data network planning on page 3-10 describes factors to be considered when planning ePMP
data networks.
 Security planning on page 3-12 describes how to plan for ePMP links to operate in secure
mode.

Page 3-1
Chapter 3: System planning Radio spectrum planning

Radio spectrum planning

This section describes how to plan ePMP links to conform to the regulatory restrictions that apply
in the country of operation.

Caution
It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the PMP product is operated in accordance with
local regulatory limits.

Note
Contact the applicable radio regulator to find out whether or not registration of the ePMP link is
required.

General wireless specifications

Table 30 lists the wireless specifications that apply to all ePMP variants. Table 31 lists the wireless
specifications that are specific to each frequency variant.

Table 30 ePMP wireless specifications (all variants)

Item Specification

Channel selection Manual selection (fixed frequency).

Manual power control To avoid interference to other users of the band, maximum
power can be set lower than the default power limit.

Integrated device antenna Patch antenna

type

Duplex scheme Adaptive TDD

Range

Over-the-air encryption AES

Error Correction FEC

Page 3-2
Chapter 3: System planning Radio spectrum planning

Table 31 ePMP wireless specifications (per frequency band)

Item 5 GHz

RF band 5.250 5.350, 5.470-5.875

(GHz)

Channel bandwidth 20 MHz

40 MHz
(*2)

Typical receiver noise

Typical antenna AP sector antenna – 17 dBi

gain (integrated) STA integrated patch antenna – 16 dBi

Antenna beamwidth (integrated)

Max path loss

(20 MHz channel)

Regulatory limits
The local regulator may restrict frequency usage and channel width, and may limit the amount of
conducted or radiated transmitter power. For details of these restrictions, refer to Examples of
regulatory limits on page 4-18.
Many countries impose EIRP limits (Allowed EIRP) on products operating in the bands used by the
ePMP Series. For example, in the 5.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands, these limits are calculated as follows:
 In the 5.4 GHz band (5470 MHz to 5725 MHz), the EIRP must not exceed the lesser of 30 dBm or
(17 + 10 x Log Channel width in MHz) dBm.
 In the 5.8 GHz band (5725 MHz to 5875 MHz), the EIRP must not exceed the lesser of 36 dBm or
(23 + 10 x Log Channel width in MHz) dBm.
Some countries (for example the USA) impose conducted power limits on products operating in
the 5.8 GHz band.

Conforming to the limits

Ensure the link is configured to conform to local regulatory requirements by installing license keys
for the correct region code. In the following situations, the license key does not automatically
prevent operation outside the regulations:
 When using connectorized APs with external antennas, the regulations may require the
maximum transmit power to be reduced. To ensure that regulatory requirements are met for
connectorized installations, refer to Calculating maximum power level for connectorized units
on page 3-8.

Page 3-3
Chapter 3: System planning Radio spectrum planning

 When installing 5.4 GHz links in the USA, it may be necessary to avoid frequencies used by
Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) systems. For more information, refer to Avoidance of
weather radars (USA only) on page 3-5.

Available spectrum
The available spectrum for operation depends on the region. When configured with the
appropriate license key, the unit will only allow operation on those channels which are permitted
by the regulations.

Note
In Italy, there is a regulation which requires a general authorization of any 5.4 GHz radio link
which is used outside the operator’s own premises. It is the responsibility of the installer or
operator to have the link authorized. Details may be found at:
http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&idmenu=672
&idarea1=593&andor=AND&idarea2=1052&id=68433&sectionid=1,16&viewType=1&showMenu=
1
&showCat=1&idarea3=0&andorcat=AND&partebassaType=0&idareaCalendario1=0&MvediT=1
&idarea4=0&showArchiveNewsBotton=0&directionidUser=0
The form to be used for general authorization may be found at:
http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/images/stories/mise_extra/Allegato%20n19.doc

Certain regulations have allocated certain channels as unavailable for use:

 ETSI has allocated part of the 5.4 GHz band to weather radar.
 UK and some other European countries have allocated part of the 5.8 GHz band to Road
Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT) systems.
For details of these restrictions, refer to Examples of regulatory limits on page 4-18.
Where regulatory restrictions apply to certain channels, these channels are barred automatically
by the use of the correct license key and region code. For example, at 5.8 GHz in the UK and some
other European countries, the RTTT band 5795 MHz to 5815 MHz is barred. With the appropriate
license key installed for this region, the ePMP will not operate on channels within this band.
The number and identity of channels barred by the license key and region code is dependent on
the channel bandwidth.

Channel bandwidth
Select the required channel bandwidth for the link. The selection depends upon the ePMP
frequency variant and region code, as specified in Examples of regulatory limits on page 4-18.
The wider the channel bandwidth, the greater the capacity. As narrower channel bandwidths take
up less spectrum, selecting a narrow channel bandwidth may be a better choice when operating in
locations where the spectrum is very busy.

Page 3-4
Chapter 3: System planning Radio spectrum planning

Both ends of the link must be configured to operate on the same channel bandwidth.

Avoidance of weather radars (USA only)

To comply with FCC rules (KDB 443999: Interim Plans to Approve UNII Devices Operating in the
5470 - 5725 MHz Band with Radar Detection and DFS Capabilities), units which are installed within
35 km (22 miles) of a Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) system (or have a line of sight
propagation path to such a system) must be configured to avoid any frequency within +30 MHz or
–30 MHz of the frequency of the TDWR device. This requirement applies even if the master is
outside the 35 km (22 miles) radius but communicates with outdoor clients which may be within
the 35 km (22 miles) radius of the TDWRs.
The requirement for ensuring 30 MHz frequency separation is based on the best information
available to date. If interference is not eliminated, a distance limitation based on line-of-sight from
TDWR will need to be used. In addition, devices with bandwidths greater than 20 MHz may require
greater frequency separation.
When planning a link in the USA, visit http://spectrumbridge.com/udia/home.aspx, enter the
location of the planned link and search for TDWR radars. If a TDWR system is located within 35 km
(22 miles) or has line of sight propagation to the PMP device, perform the following tasks:
 Register the installation on http://spectrumbridge.com/udia/home.aspx.
 Make a list of channel center frequencies that must be barred, that is, those falling within +30
MHz or –30 MHz of the frequency of the TDWR radars.

Page 3-5
Chapter 3: System planning Link planning

Link planning

This section describes factors to be taken into account when planning links, such as range,
obstacles path loss and throughput.
.

Range and obstacles

Calculate the range of the link and identify any obstacles that may affect radio performance.
Perform a survey to identify all the obstructions (such as trees or buildings) in the path and to
assess the risk of interference. This information is necessary in order to achieve an accurate link
feasibility assessment.

LoS links in radar regions

When planning an LoS link to operate in a radar detection region, ensure that receiver signal level
is low enough to allow the ePMP to detect radar signals:
 With integrated antennas, the recommended minimum LoS operating range is 180 meters
(580 ft) for 5.4 GHz or 300 meters (990 ft) for 5.8 GHz. Shorter operating ranges will lead to
excessive receiver signal levels.
 With higher gain connectorized antennas, ensure the predicted receiver signal level is in the
range zero to -53 dBm (for 5.4 GHz) or zero to -58 dBm (for 5.8 GHz).

Page 3-6
Chapter 3: System planning Link planning

Path loss
Path loss is the amount of attenuation the radio signal undergoes between the two ends of the
link. The path loss is the sum of the attenuation of the path if there were no obstacles in the way
(Free Space Path Loss), the attenuation caused by obstacles (Excess Path Loss) and a margin to
allow for possible fading of the radio signal (Fade Margin). The following calculation needs to be
performed to judge whether a particular link can be installed:

L free _ space  Lexcess  L fade  Lseasonal  Lcapability

Where: Is:

L free _ space Free Space Path Loss (dB)

Lexcess Excess Path Loss (dB)

L fade Fade Margin Required (dB)

Lseasonal Seasonal Fading (dB)

Lcapability Equipment Capability (dB)

Adaptive modulation
Adaptive modulation ensures that the highest throughput that can be achieved instantaneously
will be obtained, taking account of propagation and interference. When the link has been installed,
web pages provide information about the link loss currently measured by the equipment, both
instantaneously and averaged.

Page 3-7
Chapter 3: System planning Planning for connectorized units

Planning for connectorized units

This section describes factors to be taken into account when planning to use connectorized APs
with external antennas in ePMP networks.

Calculating maximum power level for connectorized units

If a connectorized ePMP link is to be installed in a country that imposes an EIRP limit in the
selected band, choose an external antenna and RF cable that will not cause the ePMP to exceed the
EIRP limit. To calculate the highest setting of Maximum Power Level that will be permitted, use
this formula:
Maximum Power Level (dBm) =
Allowed EIRP (dBm) – Antenna Gain (dBi) + Cable Loss (dB)

Where: Is:

Maximum Power the highest permissible setting of the Maximum

Level (dBm) Power Level attribute in the Step 2: Wireless
Configuration page,

Allowed EIRP (dBm) the EIRP limit allowed by the regulations,

Antenna Gain (dBi) the gain of the chosen antenna,

Cable Loss (dB) the loss of the RF cable connecting the AP to the
antenna.

As the 5.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz have an operating bandwidth from approximately 5 MHz to
approximately 30 MHz, then the maximum allowed EIRP depends on the operating bandwidth of
the radio as shown in Table 32.

Page 3-8
Chapter 3: System planning Planning for connectorized units

Table 32 Normal EIRP limits with operating channel bandwidth

Operating bandwidth Allowed EIRP (dBm) at 5.4 Allowed EIRP (dBm) at 5.8 GHz
(MHz) GHz

20 30 30

The settings to be used for regions with the EIRP limits in Table 32 (assuming short feeder cables)
are shown in Table 33.

Table 33 Setting maximum transmit power to meet general EIRP limits

Antenna Maximum Operating bandwidth Set_Max_Transmit_Power

available (MHz) parameter setting (dBm)
antenna gain
(dBi) 5.4 GHz 5.8 GHz

AP sector 17 20
antenna

Note
Table 33 has been calculated on the basis of 0.5 dB cable loss and the highest gain antennas per
size of which Cambium Networks are aware. At these operating frequencies, feeder losses even
with short cables are unlikely ever to be below 0.5 dB for practical installations and cable
diameters.

Page 3-9
Chapter 3: System planning Data network planning

Data network planning

This section describes factors to be considered when planning ePMP data networks.

Ethernet interfaces
The ePMP Ethernet ports conform to the specifications listed in Table 34.

Table 34 ePMP Ethernet bridging specifications

Ethernet Bridging Specification

Protocol

QoS

Interface 10/100/1000BaseT (RJ-45)

Data Rates See Data throughput tables on page 4-26.

Maximum Ethernet Frame 2000 bytes

Size

Service classes for bridged 3 classes

traffic

Note
Practical Ethernet rates will depend on network configuration, higher layer protocols and
platforms used.
Over the air throughput will be capped to the rate of the Ethernet interface at the receiving end of
the link.

VLAN membership
Decide if the IP interface of the AP/STA management agent will be connected in a VLAN. If so,
decide if this is a standard (IEEE 802.1Q) VLAN or provider bridged (IEEE 802.1ad) VLAN, and select
the VLAN ID for this VLAN.
Use of a separate management VLAN is strongly recommended. Use of the management VLAN
helps to ensure that the AP/STA management agent cannot be accessed by customers.

Page 3-10
Chapter 3: System planning Data network planning

Quality of service for bridged Ethernet traffic

Decide how quality of service will be configured in ePMP to minimize frame loss and latency for
high priority traffic. Wireless links often have lower data capacity than wired links or network
equipment like switches and routers, and quality of service configuration is most critical at network
bottlenecks.
ePMP provides three queues for traffic waiting for transmission over the wireless link – Voice,
High, and Low. Low is the lowest priority queue and Voice is the highest priority queue. Traffic is
scheduled using strict priority; in other words, traffic in a given queue is transmitted when all
higher-priority queues are empty.

Page 3-11
Chapter 3: System planning Security planning

Security planning

This section describes how to plan for ePMP links to operate in secure mode.

Page 3-12
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information
This chapter provides legal notices including software license agreements.

Caution
Intentional or unintentional changes or modifications to the equipment must not be made unless
under the express consent of the party responsible for compliance. Any such modifications
could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and will void the manufacturer’s
warranty.

The following topics are described in this chapter:

 Cambium Networks end user license agreement on page 4-2
 Hardware warranty on page 4-8
 Limit of liability on page 4-9
 Compliance with safety standards on page 4-13 lists the safety specifications against which the
ePMP has been tested and certified. It also describes how to keep RF exposure within safe
limits.
 Compliance with radio regulations on page 4-17 describes how the ePMP complies with the
radio regulations that are in force in various countries.
 Notifications on page 4-22 contains notifications made to regulatory bodies for the ePMP.
 Data throughput tables on page 4-26 contains tables and graphs to support calculation of the
data rate capacity that can be provided by ePMP configurations.

Page 4-1
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

Cambium Networks end user license agreement

Acceptance of this agreement

In connection with Cambium Networks’ delivery of certain proprietary software or products
containing embedded or pre-loaded proprietary software, or both, Cambium Networks is willing to
license this certain proprietary software and the accompanying documentation to you only on the
condition that you accept all the terms in this End User License Agreement (“Agreement”).
IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, DO NOT USE THE PRODUCT OR
INSTALL THE SOFTWARE. INSTEAD, YOU MAY, FOR A FULL REFUND, RETURN THIS PRODUCT
TO THE LOCATION WHERE YOU ACQUIRED IT OR PROVIDE WRITTEN VERIFICATION OF
DELETION OF ALL COPIES OF THE SOFTWARE. ANY USE OF THE SOFTWARE, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO USE ON THE PRODUCT, WILL CONSTITUTE YOUR ACCEPTANCE TO THE
TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

Definitions
In this Agreement, the word “Software” refers to the set of instructions for computers, in
executable form and in any media, (which may include diskette, CD-ROM, downloadable internet,
hardware, or firmware) licensed to you. The word “Documentation” refers to electronic or printed
manuals and accompanying instructional aids licensed to you. The word “Product” refers to
Cambium Networks’ fixed wireless broadband devices for which the Software and Documentation
is licensed for use.

Grant of license
Cambium Networks Limited (“Cambium”) grants you (“Licensee” or “you”) a personal,
nonexclusive, non-transferable license to use the Software and Documentation subject to the
Conditions of Use set forth in “Conditions of use” and the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
Any terms or conditions relating to the Software and Documentation appearing on the face or
reverse side of any purchase order, purchase order acknowledgment or other order document that
are different from, or in addition to, the terms of this Agreement will not be binding on the parties,
even if payment is accepted.

Conditions of use
Any use of the Software and Documentation outside of the conditions set forth in this Agreement
is strictly prohibited and will be deemed a breach of this Agreement.
1. Only you, your employees or agents may use the Software and Documentation. You will take all
necessary steps to insure that your employees and agents abide by the terms of this Agreement.

Page 4-2
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

2. You will use the Software and Documentation (i) only for your internal business purposes; (ii)
only as described in the Software and Documentation; and (iii) in strict accordance with this
Agreement.
3. You may use the Software and Documentation, provided that the use is in conformance with the
terms set forth in this Agreement.
4. Portions of the Software and Documentation are protected by United States copyright laws,
international treaty provisions, and other applicable laws. Therefore, you must treat the Software
like any other copyrighted material (for example, a book or musical recording) except that you may
either: (i) make 1 copy of the transportable part of the Software (which typically is supplied on
diskette, CD-ROM, or downloadable internet), solely for back-up purposes; or (ii) copy the
transportable part of the Software to a PC hard disk, provided you keep the original solely for back-
up purposes. If the Documentation is in printed form, it may not be copied. If the Documentation
is in electronic form, you may print out 1 copy, which then may not be copied. With regard to the
copy made for backup or archival purposes, you agree to reproduce any Cambium Networks
copyright notice, and other proprietary legends appearing thereon. Such copyright notice(s) may
appear in any of several forms, including machine-readable form, and you agree to reproduce
such notice in each form in which it appears, to the extent it is physically possible to do so.
Unauthorized duplication of the Software or Documentation constitutes copyright infringement,
and in the United States is punishable in federal court by fine and imprisonment.
5. You will not transfer, directly or indirectly, any product, technical data or software to any
country for which the United States Government requires an export license or other governmental
approval without first obtaining such license or approval.

Title and restrictions

If you transfer possession of any copy of the Software and Documentation to another party outside
of the terms of this agreement, your license is automatically terminated. Title and copyrights to
the Software and Documentation and any copies made by you remain with Cambium Networks
and its licensors. You will not, and will not permit others to: (i) modify, translate, decompile,
bootleg, reverse engineer, disassemble, or extract the inner workings of the Software or
Documentation, (ii) copy the look-and-feel or functionality of the Software or Documentation;
(iii) remove any proprietary notices, marks, labels, or logos from the Software or Documentation;
(iv) rent or transfer all or some of the Software or Documentation to any other party without
Cambium’s prior written consent; or (v) utilize any computer software or hardware which is
designed to defeat any copy protection device, should the Software and Documentation be
equipped with such a protection device. If the Software and Documentation is provided on
multiple types of media (such as diskette, CD-ROM, downloadable internet), then you will only use
the medium which best meets your specific needs, and will not loan, rent, lease, or transfer the
other media contained in the package without Cambium’s written consent. Unauthorized copying
of the Software or Documentation, or failure to comply with any of the provisions of this
Agreement, will result in automatic termination of this license.

Page 4-3
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

Confidentiality
You acknowledge that all Software and Documentation contain valuable proprietary information
and trade secrets and that unauthorized or improper use of the Software and Documentation will
result in irreparable harm to Cambium Networks for which monetary damages would be
inadequate and for which Cambium Networks will be entitled to immediate injunctive relief. If
applicable, you will limit access to the Software and Documentation to those of your employees
and agents who need to use the Software and Documentation for your internal business purposes,
and you will take appropriate action with those employees and agents to preserve the
confidentiality of the Software and Documentation, using the same degree of care to avoid
unauthorized or improper disclosure as you use for the protection of your own proprietary
software, but in no event less than reasonable care.
You have no obligation to preserve the confidentiality of any proprietary information that: (i) was
in the public domain at the time of disclosure; (ii) entered the public domain through no fault of
yours; (iii) was given to you free of any obligation to keep it confidential; (iv) is independently
developed by you; or (v) is disclosed as required by law provided that you notify Cambium
Networks prior to such disclosure and provide Cambium Networks with a reasonable opportunity
to respond.

Right to use Cambium’s name

Except as required in “Conditions of use”, you will not, during the term of this Agreement or
thereafter, use any trademark of Cambium Networks, or any word or symbol likely to be confused
with any Cambium Networks trademark, either alone or in any combination with another word or
words.

Transfer
The Software and Documentation may not be transferred to another party without the express
written consent of Cambium Networks, regardless of whether or not such transfer is accomplished
by physical or electronic means. Cambium’s consent may be withheld at its discretion and may be
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Updates
During the first 12 months after purchase of a Product, or during the term of any executed
Maintenance and Support Agreement for the Product, you are entitled to receive Updates. An
“Update” means any code in any form which is a bug fix, patch, error correction, or minor
enhancement, but excludes any major feature added to the Software. Updates are available for
download at the support website.

Page 4-4
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

Major features may be available from time to time for an additional license fee. If Cambium
Networks makes available to you major features and no other end user license agreement is
provided, then the terms of this Agreement will apply.

Maintenance
Except as provided above, Cambium Networks is not responsible for maintenance or field service
of the Software under this Agreement.

Disclaimer
CAMBIUM NETWORKS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS,
IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR IN ANY COMMUNICATION WITH YOU. CAMBIUM NETWORKS
SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILTY, NONINFRINGEMENT, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE
SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED “AS IS.” CAMBIUM NETWORKS DOES NOT
WARRANT THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS, OR THAT THE OPERATION
OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR FREE, OR THAT DEFECTS IN THE
SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED. CAMBIUM NETWORKS MAKES NO WARRANTY WITH
RESPECT TO THE CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, OR RELIABILITY OF THE SOFTWARE AND
DOCUMENTATION. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the
above exclusion may not apply to you.

Limitation of liability
IN NO EVENT SHALL CAMBIUM NETWORKS BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR OTHER
DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, OR
FROM ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY, EVEN IF CAMBIUM NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. (Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of
incidental or consequential damages, so the above exclusion or limitation may not apply to you.)
IN NO CASE SHALL CAMBIUM’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT YOU PAID FOR THE PRODUCT.

Page 4-5
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

U.S. government
If you are acquiring the Product on behalf of any unit or agency of the U.S. Government, the
following applies. Use, duplication, or disclosure of the Software and Documentation is subject to
the restrictions set forth in subparagraphs (c) (1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software –
Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19 (JUNE 1987), if applicable, unless being provided to the
Department of Defense. If being provided to the Department of Defense, use, duplication, or
disclosure of the Products is subject to the restricted rights set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of
the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (OCT 1988), if
applicable. Software and Documentation may or may not include a Restricted Rights notice, or
other notice referring specifically to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The terms and
conditions of this Agreement will each continue to apply, but only to the extent that such terms
and conditions are not inconsistent with the rights provided to you under the aforementioned
provisions of the FAR and DFARS, as applicable to the particular procuring agency and
procurement transaction.

Term of license
Your right to use the Software will continue in perpetuity unless terminated as follows. Your right
to use the Software will terminate immediately without notice upon a breach of this Agreement by
you. Within 30 days after termination of this Agreement, you will certify to Cambium Networks in
writing that through your best efforts, and to the best of your knowledge, the original and all
copies, in whole or in part, in any form, of the Software and all related material and
Documentation, have been destroyed, except that, with prior written consent from Cambium
Networks, you may retain one copy for archival or backup purposes. You may not sublicense,
assign or transfer the license or the Product, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Any
attempt to otherwise sublicense, assign or transfer any of the rights, duties or obligations
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Governing law
This Agreement is governed by the laws of the United States of America to the extent that they
apply and otherwise by the laws of the State of Illinois.

Assignment
This agreement may not be assigned by you without Cambium’s prior written consent.

Survival of provisions
The parties agree that where the context of any provision indicates an intent that it survives the
term of this Agreement, then it will survive.

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Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Cambium Networks end user license agreement

Entire agreement
This agreement contains the parties’ entire agreement regarding your use of the Software and
may be amended only in writing signed by both parties, except that Cambium Networks may
modify this Agreement as necessary to comply with applicable laws.

Third party software

The software may contain one or more items of Third-Party Software supplied by other third-party
suppliers. The terms of this Agreement govern your use of any Third-Party Software UNLESS A
SEPARATE THIRD-PARTY SOFTWARE LICENSE IS INCLUDED, IN WHICH CASE YOUR USE OF THE
THIRD-PARTY SOFTWARE WILL THEN BE GOVERNED BY THE SEPARATE THIRD-PARTY LICENSE.

Page 4-7
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Hardware warranty

Hardware warranty

Cambium’s standard hardware warranty is for one (1) year from date of shipment from Cambium
Networks or a Cambium Point-To-Multipoint Distributor. Cambium Networks warrants that
hardware will conform to the relevant published specifications and will be free from material
defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. Cambium Networks shall
within this time, at its own option, either repair or replace the defective product within thirty (30)
days of receipt of the defective product. Repaired or replaced product will be subject to the original
warranty period but not less than thirty (30) days.

Page 4-8
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Limit of liability

Limit of liability

IN NO EVENT SHALL CAMBIUM NETWORKS BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR OTHER
DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, OR
FROM ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY, EVEN IF CAMBIUM NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. (Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of
incidental or consequential damages, so the above exclusion or limitation may not apply to you.)
IN NO CASE SHALL CAMBIUM’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT YOU PAID FOR THE PRODUCT.

Page 4-9
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Available spectrum settings

Available spectrum settings

This section shows how the spectrum available to each ePMP frequency variant is divided into
radio channels. This division is based on configured parameters such as region code, channel
bandwidth, channel raster and lower center frequency. Refer to the appropriate frequency band as
follows:
 5 GHz available spectrum settings on page 4-10

5 GHz available spectrum settings

Typical spectrum settings for the 5 GHz band are shown in Figure 13. In this band, the channel
raster is 5 MHz.
The channel raster is set to even center frequencies. In the 5 GHz band, the product does not apply
band edge power reduction.

Note
These figures contain data for one typical region code. The specified channel center frequencies
may not be available in other region codes.

Figure 13 5 GHz available spectrum in 20 MHz channel bandwidth

5260 5280 5300 5320 5500 5520 5540 5560 5580 5660 5680 5700 5745 5765 5780 5800 5820 5840
5265 5285 5305 5505 5525 5545 5565 5665 5685 5750 5770 5785 5805 5825
5270 5290 5310 5510 5530 5550 5570 5670 5690 5755 5775 5790 5810 5830
5275 5295 5315 5515 5535 5555 5575 5675 5695 5760 5780 5795 5815 5835

5240 MHz 5860 MHz

Page 4-10
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Available spectrum settings

5.8 GHz transmit power reduction at the band edges

Operation at or near the 5.8 GHz band edges can results in a lower maximum transmit power. In
some configurations the ePMP reduces the power when operating at the edge channels. The
amount of reduction, if any, is dependent on the region code of the region of operation. This
currently only affects systems configured with region code 1. The power reductions in the edge
channels for 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz and 30 MHz are presented in Table 35 (for region code 1
ONLY).

Table 35 5 GHz band edge Tx power reduction

Power Levels for Channel Width (MHz)

Channel Center
20

Page 4-11
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information System threshold, output power and link loss

System threshold, output power and link loss

The following tables specify the system threshold (dBm), output power (dBm) and maximum link
loss (dB) per channel bandwidth and modulation mode:
 Table 36 - 5 GHz

Table 36 5 GHz threshold, power and link loss

Modulation mode System threshold (dBm) Output power (dBm) Maximum link loss
per channel bandwidth (dB)
per channel
bandwidth
20 All 20
MHz bands MHz

MCS1

MCS2

MCS3

MCS4

MCS5

MCS6

MCS7

MCS9

MCS10

MCS11

MCS12

MCS13

MCS14

MCS15

Page 4-12
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with safety standards

Compliance with safety standards

This section lists the safety specifications against which the ePMP has been tested and certified. It
also describes how to keep RF exposure within safe limits.

Electrical safety compliance

The ePMP hardware has been tested for compliance to the electrical safety specifications listed in
Table 37.

Table 37 ePMP safety compliance specifications

Region Standard

USA UL 60950-1, 2nd Edition

Canada CSA C22.2 No.60950 2nd Edition

International International CB certified and certified to IEC 60950-1:2005

(modified) plus EN60950-1:2006 + A1:2010

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance

The ePMP complies with European EMC Specification EN301 489-1 with testing carried out to the
detailed requirements of EN301 489-4.
Table 38 lists the EMC specification type approvals that have been granted for ePMP.

Table 38 EMC emissions compliance

Region Specification (Type Approvals)

USA FCC CFR 47 Part 15 class B

Canada RSS210, Issue 7

Europe ETSI EN301 489-4

Australia C-Tick

Australia & Korea MEPS (Minimum Energy Performance Standards)

Page 4-13
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with safety standards

Human exposure to radio frequency energy

Standards
Relevant standards (USA and EC) applicable when working with RF equipment are:
 ANSI IEEE C95.1-1991, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to
Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz.
 Council recommendation of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to
electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) (1999/519/EC) and respective national regulations.
 Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the
minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks
arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields) (18th individual Directive within the
meaning of Article 16(1) of Directive 89/391/EEC).
 US FCC limits for the general population. See the FCC web site at http://www.fcc.gov, and the
policies, guidelines, and requirements in Part 1 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations,
as well as the guidelines and suggestions for evaluating compliance in FCC OET Bulletin 65.
 Health Canada limits for the general population. See the Health Canada web site at
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/radiation/99ehd-dhm237/limits-limites_e.html and
Safety Code 6.
 EN 50383:2002 Basic standard for the calculation and measurement of electromagnetic field
strength and SAR related to human exposure from radio base stations and fixed terminal
stations for wireless telecommunication systems (110 MHz - 40 GHz).
 BS EN 50385:2002 Product standard to demonstrate the compliances of radio base stations and
fixed terminal stations for wireless telecommunication systems with the basic restrictions or
the reference levels related to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (110
MHz – 40 GHz) – general public.
 ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines for the
general public. See the ICNIRP web site at http://www.icnirp.de/ and Guidelines for Limiting
Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields.

Power density exposure limit

Install the radios for the ePMP family of PMP wireless solutions so as to provide and maintain the
minimum separation distances from all persons.
The applicable power density exposure limit from the standards (see Human exposure to radio
frequency energy on page 4-14) is:
10 W/m2 for RF energy in the 5 GHz frequency band.

Page 4-14
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with safety standards

Calculation of power density

Note
The following calculation is based on the ANSI IEEE C95.1-1991 method, as that provides a worst
case analysis. Details of the assessment to EN50383:2002 can be provided, if required.

Peak power density in the far field of a radio frequency point source is calculated as follows:

P .G
S
4 d 2
Where: Is:

S power density in W/m2

P maximum average transmit power

capability of the radio, in W

G total Tx gain as a factor, converted

from dB

d distance from point source, in m

Rearranging terms to solve for distance yields:

P.G
d
4 .S

Calculated distances and power compliance margins

Table 39 shows calculated minimum separation distances, recommended distances and resulting
margins for each frequency band and antenna combination. These are conservative distances that
include compliance margins. At these and greater separation distances, the power density from
the RF field is below generally accepted limits for the general population.
Explanation of terms used in Table 39:
Tx burst – maximum average transmit power in burst (Watt)
P – maximum average transmit power capability of the radio (Watt)
G – total transmit gain as a factor, converted from dB
S – power density (W/m2)
d – minimum distance from point source (meters)
R – recommended distances (meters)
C – compliance factor

Page 4-15
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with safety standards

Table 39 Power compliance margins

Band Antenna Tx burst P G S d R C

(W) (W) (W/ (m) (m)
m 2)

5 GHz Integrated, 16 dBi 0.25 0.501 39.8 10 0.1 .4 10

5 GHz Connectorized, 17 0.5 0.501 50.1 10 2.51 .5 12.5

dBi

Note
Gain of antenna in dBi = 10*log(G).
The regulations require that the power used for the calculations is the maximum power in the
transmit burst subject to allowance for source-based time-averaging.
At 5.4 GHz and EU 5.8 GHz, the products are generally limited to a fixed EIRP which can be
achieved with the Integrated Antenna. The calculations above assume that the maximum EIRP
allowed by the regulations is being transmitted.

Note
If there are no EIRP limits in the country of deployment, use the distance calculations for FCC 5.8
GHz for all frequency bands.

Page 4-16
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with radio regulations

Compliance with radio regulations

This section describes how the ePMP complies with the radio regulations that are in force in
various countries.

Caution
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Cambium Networks could void the user’s
authority to operate the system.

Type approvals
This system has achieved Type Approval in various countries around the world. This means that
the system has been tested against various local technical regulations and found to comply. The
frequency bands in which the system operates may be unlicensed and, in these bands, the system
can be used provided it does not cause interference. The system is not guaranteed protection
against interference from other products and installations.
Table 38 lists the radio specification type approvals that have been granted for ePMP frequency
variants.

Table 40 Radio certifications

Frequency band Region Regulatory approvals

5.2 GHz USA FCC 47 CFR Part 15 E

ITU-R F.1366 or F.699

5.4 GHz USA FCC 47 CFR Part 15 E

Canada IC RSS-210 Issue 7, Annex 9 (or latest)

Europe ETSI EN301 893 v1.6.1

5.8 GHz USA FCC 47 CFR Part 15.247

Canada IC RSS-210 Issue 7, Annex 8 (or latest)

UK UK IR 2007

Eire ComReg 02/71R4

Europe ETSI EN302 502 v1.2.1

Germany Order No 47/2007

Norway REG 2009-06-02 no. 580

Denmark Radio Interface 00 007

Page 4-17
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with radio regulations

Frequency band Region Regulatory approvals

Spain CNAF 2010

FCC and ETSI compliance testing

The system has been tested for compliance to both US (FCC) and European (ETSI) specifications. It
has been shown to comply with the limits for emitted spurious radiation for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules in the USA and appropriate European ENs. These
limits have been designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference. However
the equipment can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instructions, may cause harmful interference to other radio communications. There is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Note
A Class B Digital Device is a device that is marketed for use in a residential environment,
notwithstanding use in commercial, business and industrial environments.

Note
Notwithstanding that Cambium Networks has designed (and qualified) the ePMP products to
generally meet the Class B requirement to minimize the potential for interference, the ePMP
product range is not marketed for use in a residential environment.

Examples of regulatory limits

Examples of the regulatory limits that apply in typical regions of operation are in the following
tables:
 Table 41 - 5.4 GHz
 Table 42 - 5.8 GHz

Note
In Canada, the EIRP limit in the 5470 - 5600 MHz and 5650 - 5725 MHz ( 5.4 GHz ) band is 1.0 W or
(17 + 10 log10 B) dBm, whichever power is less. B is the 99% emission bandwidth in MHz
according to RSS 210 Annex 9.2 (3).
In Canada, NO operation is permitted in the band 5600 – 5650 MHz.

Page 4-18
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with radio regulations

Table 41 Licenses and regulatory bands for 5.4 GHz

Regulatory License or Frequencies DFS Channel Max power

band regulation bandwidth

7 Full power 5470 - 5725 Yes 20 MHz 25 dBm

with DFS MHz

8 Full power 5470 - 5725 20 MHz 25 dBm

MHz

12 FCC USA, 5470 - 5725 Yes 205 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

Mexico MHz

13 Canada, 5470 - 5600 Yes 20 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

Australia MHz
5650 - 5725
MHz
(*1)

20 Thailand 5470 - 5725 20 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

MHz

21 Korea 5470 - 5650 20 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

MHz

26 ETSI 5470 - 5600 Yes 20 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

MHz
5650 - 5725
MHz
(*1)

(*1) Regulatory bands 13 and 26: the band 5600 MHz to 5650 MHz is reserved for the use of
weather radars.

Page 4-19
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with radio regulations

Table 42 Licenses and regulatory bands for 5.8 GHz

Regulatory License / Frequencies DFS Channel Max power

band regulation bandwidth

1 FCC USA, 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 25 dBm

Canada, MHz (*2)
Taiwan, Brazil

2 China 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 33 dBm EIRP

MHz

3 Australia, 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

Hong Kong MHz

4 UK 5725 - 5795 Yes 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz
5815 - 5850
MHz
(*1)

5 Singapore 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 20 dBm EIRP

MHz

6 Eire 5725 - 5875 20 MHz 33 dBm EIRP

MHz

34 Norway 5725 - 5795 Yes 20 MHz 53 dBm EIRP

MHz
5815 - 5850
MHz
(*1)

35 Full Power 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 25 dBm

MHz

10 Spain 5725 - 5795 Yes 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz
5815 - 5855
MHz
(*1)

11 Korea 5725 - 5825 20 MHz 46 dBm EIRP

MHz

Page 4-20
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Compliance with radio regulations

Regulatory License / Frequencies DFS Channel Max power

band regulation bandwidth

19 India 5825 - 5875 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz

20 Thailand 5725 - 5850 20 MHz 30 dBm EIRP

MHz

22 Germany 5755 - 5875 Yes 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz

24 Bahrain 5725 - 5850 Yes 20 MHz 33 dBm EIRP

MHz

25 ETSI 5725 - 5875 Yes 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz

27 Denmark 5725 - 5795 Yes 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

5815 - 5875
MHz
(*1)

(*1) Regulatory bands 4, 34, 10 and 27: the 5795 MHz to 5815 MHz band is assigned for Road
Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT).
(*2) Regulatory band 1: reduced TX power at band edges.

Table 43 Licenses and regulatory bands for 5.9 GHz

Regulatory License / Frequencies DFS Channel Max power

band regulation bandwidth

15 Unrestricted 5825 - 6050 20 MHz 25 dBm

MHz

16 Russia 5825 - ???? 20 MHz 25 dBm

MHz

17 India 5875 - 5925 20 MHz 36 dBm EIRP

MHz

Page 4-21
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Notifications

Notifications

This section contains notifications of compliance with the radio regulations that are in force in
various regions.

5.4 GHz regulatory compliance

The ePMP complies with the regulations that are in force in the USA, Canada and Europe. The
relevant notifications are specified in this section.

5.4 GHz FCC and IC notification

U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and Industry Canada (IC) Notification.
This device complies with part 15.407 of the US FCC Rules and Regulations and with RSS-210
Issue 7 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device
may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation. In Canada, users should be cautioned
to take note that high power radars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) of
5250 – 5350 MHz and 5470 – 5725 MHz and these radars could cause interference and/or damage to
license-exempt local area networks (LELAN).
For the connectorized version of the product and in order to reduce potential radio interference to
other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically
radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted by the regulations. The transmitted power
must be reduced to achieve this requirement.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the US FCC Rules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with these instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
 Increase the separation between the affected equipment and the unit;
 Connect the affected equipment to a power outlet on a different circuit from that which the
receiver is connected to;
 Consult the dealer and/or experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC IDs and Industry Canada Certification Numbers are reproduced on the product label (Figure
14).

Figure 14 FCC and IC certifications on 5 GHz product label

Page 4-22
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Notifications

Where necessary, the end user is responsible for obtaining any National licenses required to
operate this product and these must be obtained before using the product in any particular
country. Contact the appropriate national administrations for details on the conditions of use for
the bands in question and any exceptions that might apply.

5.4 GHz European Union notification

The ePMP product is a two-way radio transceiver suitable for use in Broadband Wireless Access
System (WAS), Radio Local Area Network (RLAN), or Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) systems. It is a
Class 1 device and uses operating frequencies that are harmonized throughout the EU member
states. The operator is responsible for obtaining any national licenses required to operate this
product and these must be obtained before using the product in any particular country.
Hereby, Cambium Networks declares that the ePMP product complies with the essential
requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. The declaration of conformity
may be consulted at the support website.
The European R&TTE directive 1999/5/EC Certification Number is reproduced on the product label
(Figure 15).

Figure 15 European Union certification on 5.4 GHz product label

5.8 GHz regulatory compliance

This system has achieved Type Approval in various countries around the world. This means that
the system has been tested against various local technical regulations and found to comply. The
frequency band in which the system operates is “license exempt” and the system is allowed to be
used provided it does not cause interference. The licensing authority does not guaranteed
protection against interference from other products and installations.
For the connectorized version of the product and in order to reduce potential radio interference to
other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the Effective Isotropically
Radiated Power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.

U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC)

This device complies with part 15 of the US FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Page 4-23
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Notifications

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the US FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
these instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. If this equipment
does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to correct the interference by one or
more of the following measures:
 Increase the separation between the affected equipment and the unit;
 Connect the affected equipment to a power outlet on a different circuit from that which the
receiver is connected to;
 Consult the dealer and/or experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Industry Canada (IC)

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B conforme á la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
RSS-GEN issue 3 (7.1.3) Licence-Exempt Radio Apparatus:
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this
device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired
operation of the device.
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio
exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l'appareil
ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage
radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le
fonctionnement.
In Canada, high power radars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) of the
5650 – 5850 MHz spectrum. These radars could cause interference or damage to license-exempt
local area network (LE-LAN) devices.

Product labels
FCC IDs and Industry Canada Certification Numbers are reproduced on the product label (Figure
16).

Figure 16 FCC and IC certifications on 5.8 GHz product label

Where necessary, the end user is responsible for obtaining any National licenses required to
operate this product and these must be obtained before using the product in any particular
country. Contact the appropriate national administrations for details on the conditions of use for
the bands in question and any exceptions that might apply.

Page 4-24
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Notifications

5.8 GHz European Union notification

The ePMP is a Class 2 device as it operates on frequencies that are not harmonized across the
EU. Currently the product may only be operated in the UK, Eire (IRL), Germany, Norway and
Denmark. However, the regulatory situation in Europe is changing and the radio spectrum may
become available in other countries in future. See www.ero.dk for further information. The
operator is responsible for obtaining any national licenses required to operate this product and
these must be obtained before using the product in any particular country.

Caution
This equipment operates as a secondary application, so it has no rights against harmful
interference, even if generated by similar equipment, and must not cause harmful interference
on systems operating as primary applications.

Hereby, Cambium Networks declares that the ePMP product complies with the essential
requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. The declaration of conformity
may be consulted at the support website.
The European R&TTE directive 1999/5/EC Certification Number is reproduced on the product label
(Figure 17).

Figure 17 European Union certification on 5.8 GHz product label

5.8 GHz operation in the UK

The ePMP connectorized product has been notified for operation in the UK, and when operated in
accordance with instructions for use it is compliant with UK Interface Requirement IR2007. For UK
use, installations must conform to the requirements of IR2007 in terms of EIRP spectral density
against elevation profile above the local horizon in order to protect Fixed Satellite Services. The
frequency range 5795-5815 MHz is assigned to Road Transport & Traffic Telematics (RTTT) in the
U.K. and shall not be used by FWA systems in order to protect RTTT devices. UK Interface
Requirement IR2007 specifies that radiolocation services shall be protected by a Dynamic
Frequency Selection (DFS) mechanism to prevent co-channel operation in the presence of radar
signals.

Thailand notification

This telecommunication equipment conforms to the requirements of the National

Telecommunications Commission.

Page 4-25
Chapter 4: Legal and reference information Data throughput tables

Data throughput tables

This section contains tables to support calculation of the data rate capacity that can be provided by
ePMP configurations, as follows:
 Data throughput capacity on page 4-26

Data throughput capacity

Table 44 shows the data throughput rates (Mbits/s) that are achieved with an AP/STA pair and the
link distance (range) is 0 km.

Table 44 Throughput for ePMP

MCS Spatial Modulation Coding 20 MHz

Streams Type Rate
Tx Rx Both

MCS15 2 64-QAM 5/6

MCS14 2 64-QAM 3/4

MCS13 2 64-QAM 2/3

MCS12 2 16-QAM 3/4

MCS11 2 16-QAM 1/2

MCS10 2 QPSK 3/4

MCS9 2 QPSK 1/2

MCS7 1 64-QAM 5/6

MCS6 1 64-QAM 3/4

MCS5 1 64-QAM 2/3

MCS4 1 16-QAM 3/4

MCS3 1 16-QAM 1/2

MCS2 1 QPSK 3/4

MCS1 1 QPSK 1/2

At zero range. All rates are in Mbit/s.

Page 4-26
 Index Configuration

Chapter 5: Configuration
This chapter describes all configuration and alignment tasks that are performed when an ePMP
system is deployed.
Configure the units by performing the following tasks:
 Preparing for configuration on page 5-2
 Connecting to the unit on page 5-3
 Using the web interface on page 5-5
 Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-13
 Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-16
 Using the AP menu options on page 5-18
 Using the STA menu options on page 5-54

Page 5-1
Chapter 5: Configuration Preparing for configuration

Preparing for configuration

This section describes the checks to be performed before proceeding with unit configuration.

Safety precautions
All national and local safety standards must be followed while configuring the units.

Warning
Ensure that personnel are not exposed to unsafe levels of RF energy. The units start to radiate as
soon as they are powered up. Respect the safety standards defined in Compliance with safety
standards on page 4-13, in particular the minimum separation distances.
Observe the following guidelines:
 Never work in front of the antenna when the AP is powered.
 Always power down the power supply before connecting or disconnecting the Ethernet cable
from the AP or STA.

Regulatory compliance
All applicable radio regulations must be followed while configuring the units and aligning the
antennas. For more information, refer to Compliance with radio regulations on page 4-17.

Page 5-2
Chapter 5: Configuration Connecting to the unit

Connecting to the unit

To connect the unit to a management PC, use the following procedures:

 Configuring the management PC on page 5-3
 Connecting to the PC and powering up on page 5-4

Configuring the management PC

Use this procedure to configure the local management PC to communicate with the ePMP AP or
STA.

Procedure:

1 Select Properties for the Ethernet port.

In Windows 7 this is found in Control Panel > Network and Internet >
Network Connections > Local Area Connection.

2 Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item:

3 Click Properties.

Page 5-3
Chapter 5: Configuration Connecting to the unit

4 Enter an IP address that is valid for the 192.168.0.X network, avoiding:

192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2
A good example is 169.254.0.3:

5 Enter a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.

Leave the default gateway blank.

6 Click OK, then click Close

Connecting to the PC and powering up

Use this procedure to connect a management PC directly to the ePMP for configuration and
alignment purposes, and to power up the ePMP.

Procedure:

1 Check that the AP or STA and power supply are correctly connected.

2 Connect the PC Ethernet port to the LAN port of the power supply using a standard (not
crossed) Ethernet cable.

3 Apply mains or battery power to the power supply. The green Power LED should illuminate
continuously.

Note
If the Power and Ethernet LEDs do not illuminate correctly, refer to Testing hardware on page 6-
5.

Page 5-4
Chapter 5: Configuration Using the web interface

Using the web interface

To understand how to use the ePMP web interface, refer to the following:
 Using the web interface on page 5-5
 Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-13
 Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-16
 Using the AP menu options on page 5-18
 Using the STA menu options on page 5-54
 Logging into the web interface on page 5-5
 Using the web interface on page 5-5
 Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-13
 Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-16
 Using the AP menu options on page 5-18
 Using the STA menu options on page 5-54

Logging into the web interface

Use this procedure to log into the web interface as a system administrator.
Equipment and tools:
 AP or STA connected to power supply by Ethernet cable.
 PC connected to power supply by Ethernet cable.
 Power Supply powered up.
 Supported browser – Chrome v28 or v27, Firefox v22, v21, IE 10, Safari v5, v4

Procedure:

1 Start the web browser from the management PC.

Page 5-5
Chapter 5: Configuration Using the web interface

2 Type the IP address of the unit into the address bar. The factory default IP address is either
192.168.0.1 (AP) or 192.168.0.2 (STA). Press ENTER. The web interface dashboard and login input is
displayed.

3 In the upper-right corner of the GUI, enter Username (default: admin) and Password (default:admin).

4 Click Login.

Caution
New ePMP devices all contain default username and password configurations.

Layout of the web interface

After logging in, the web interface first displays a dashboard view of vital system status and
statistics. Also, the first level of navigation is displayed across the top (Configure, Monitor, Tools,
and Quick Start). To return to this display at any time, click the Home icon or device name (i.e.
“Avenger Synchronized AP”)

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Figure 18 GUI dashboard

The top of the interface contains the following attributes:

Table 45 GUI status bar attributes

Attribute Meaning

Cambium Networks Hyperlink to the Cambium Networks website

logo

Home Icon Link to the device dashboard

Login Level Displays the current user login level

indicator

Internet Green indicates that the AP has IP connectivity to the configured DNS
Connectivity server
Indicator (Globe) Grey indicates that the AP has no IP connectivity to the configured DNS
server

GPS Green indicates that the AP is receiving a valid GPS synchronization

Synchronization timing pulse via a connected GPS antenna or a CMM.
Receive Indicator Grey indicates that the AP is not receiving GPS synchronization (due to
lack of satellite fix or configuration of Synchronization Source to
Internal.

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Attribute Meaning

Notifications Button The Notifications button may be clicked to display system messaging.
When a new notification is available, the icon is highlighted and displays
the number of notifications available. The outer icon highlighting
indicates the type of notification pending:
Green: Successful operation has completed (i.e. Changes successfully
saved)
Grey: Informational message (i.e. tips regarding GUI operation)
Blue: Operations information message (i.e. Initializing upgrade…)
Orange: Warning message (i.e. Login session has expired)
Red: Error message (i.e. Software update file download failed)

Undo Button The Undo button may be used to undo changes prior to a Save
operation. All changes made on any section of the GUI are undone.

Save Button The Save button is used to commit configuration changes to the device.
When configuration changes are made, the outer area of the icon is
highlighted blue to indicate that a save operation is required.

Reset Button The Reset button is used to reset the device. When a configuration
change requires a radio reset, the outer area of this icon is highlighted
orange to indicate that a reset is necessary to complete the change.

Logout Button The Logout button is used to logout from the current session and return
to the initial GUI landing page (login screen).

The bottom of the interface contains the following attributes:

Table 46 GUI footer attributes

Attribute Meaning

Cambium Support Hyperlink to the Cambium Networks support website

link

Software Version The current software version is reported in the footer bar, and may be
(link) clicked to navigate to the Cambium Networks software support website.

Copyright Copyright information

The AP dashboard contains the following attributes:

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Table 47 AP dashboard attributes

Attribute Meaning

Date and Time The current date and time on the device, subject to the configuration of
parameter Time Zone

System Uptime The total uptime of the radio since the last reset

MAC Address The MAC address of the device LAN (Ethernet) port

Transmitter Output The current operating transmit power of the AP

Power

Registered STA The total number of STAs currently registered to the STA
Count

Ethernet Interface Up: The Ethernet (LAN) interface is functioning properly

(LAN) Down: The Ethernet (LAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Wireless Interface Up: The radio (WAN) interface is functioning properly

(LAN) Down: The radio (WAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Current Country The current configured country code, which has an effect on DFS
Code operation and transmit power restrictions

Frequency Carrier The current operating frequency

Antenna Gain The configured gain of the external antenna

DL/UL Ratio The current configured schedule of downlink traffic to uplink traffic on
the radio link. In other words, this ratio represents the amount of the
total radio link’s aggregate throughput that will be used for downlink
resources, and the amount of the total radio link’s aggregate throughput
that will be used for uplink resources.

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Attribute Meaning

AP Name (SSID) The current configured name of the AP

Synchronization The current configured source of synchronization timing for the AP

Source

Device IP Address The current configured device IP address (LAN) used for management
(LAN) access

Authentication Type The current configured authentication type used for radio link encryption
as well as STA authentication

The STA dashboard consists of the following attributes:

Table 48 AP dashboard attributes

Attribute Meaning

Date and Time The current date and time on the device, subject to the configuration of
parameter Time Zone

System Uptime The total uptime of the radio since the last reset

MAC Address The MAC address of the device LAN (Ethernet) port

Operating The current operating frequency

Frequency

Operating Channel The current operating width of the channel used for the radio link
Bandwidth

DL RSSI The Received Signal Strength Indicator, which is a measurement of the

power level being received by the STA’s antenna.

DL CINR The Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio, which is an expression of the

carrier signal quality with respect to signal noise and co-channel
interference (or both).

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Attribute Meaning

Transmitter Output The current power level at which the STA is transmitting (which is
Power adjusted dynamically by the AP based on radio conditions)

Uplink MCS Mode Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
for the radio uplink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

Downlink MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
Mode for the radio downlink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

Connected AP The AP Name or SSID of the AP to which the STA is registered

Ethernet Interface Up: The Ethernet (LAN) interface is functioning properly

(LAN) Down: The Ethernet (LAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Wireless Interface Up: The radio (WAN) interface is functioning properly

(WAN) Down: The radio (WAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Current Country The current configured country code, which has an effect on DFS
Code operation and transmit power restrictions

Antenna Gain The configured gain of the external antenna

Device Name The configured device name of the STA, used for identifying the device
in an NMS such as the Cambium Network Services Server (CNSS)

Device IP Address The current configured device IP address (LAN) used for management
(LAN) access

STA Network Mode Bridge: The STA will act as a switch, and packets are forwarded or
filtered based on their MAC destination address.
NAT: The STA will act as a router, and packets are forwarded or filtered
based on their IP header (source or destination) which can be grouped
into subnets for finer granularity.

The GUI interface consists of two levels of navigation – the first-level navigation buttons on the top
(Configure, Monitor, Tools, and Quick Start) as well as the context-based second-level navigations
on the left-hand side of the interface. After a second-level navigation section has been chosen, the
resulting configuration parameters are displayed in the main GUI pane. Each subsection of
parameters may be configured to display a clean view of only basic parameters, or the display
may also be configured to display a comprehensive listing of advanced parameters.

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Figure 19 GUI first-level and second-level navigation

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Chapter 5: Configuration Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu

Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu

The Quick Start tab contains a listing of parameters required to configure a simple radio link and to
configure requisite networking parameters. After configuring these parameters on the AP and STA
and resetting both devices, the STA will be ready to associate (register) to the AP.

Figure 20 AP Quick Start menu

To configure an AP via the Quick Start menu, perform the following procedure.

Procedure:

1 Start the web browser from the management PC.

2 Navigate to menu Quick Start

3 Configure parameter Device Mode:

This parameter controls the function of the device – all ePMP devices may be configured to operate
as an Access Point (AP), Station (STA), or as a Spectrum Analyzer. For initial link bring-up, choose
AP

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4 Configure parameter Country Code:

Country Code settings affect the radios in the following ways:
• Maximum transmit power limiting (based on radio transmitter power plus configured
antenna gain)
• DFS operation is enabled based on the configured region code, if applicable
Select the country in which your network will be operating.

5 Configure parameter DL/UL Ratio:

Specify the percentage of the aggregate throughput for the downlink (frames transmitted from the
AP to the STA). For example, if the aggregate (uplink and downlink total) throughput on the AP is 90
Mb, then 75/25 specified for this parameter allocates 67.5 Mb for the downlink and 22.5 Mb for the
uplink. The default for this parameter is 75/25.

Caution
You must set this parameter exactly the same for all APs in a cluster.
6 Configure parameter AP Name (SSID):
The AP Name (SSID) is used to identify the AP, and is used to configure the STA with the
appropriate AP with which to register.

7 Configure parameter Synchronization Source:

This parameter defines the timing source for the device which can be GPS-based or internally
generated. Select GPS if the AP will receive synchronization pulses from a connected GPS antenna.
Select CMM if the device will receive GPS synchronization pulses from a co-located Cambium
Cluster Management Module (see PMP Synchronization Solutions User Guide). Select Internal if no
GPS synchronization source is available (in this mode, transmission between co-located devices will
create radio interference).

8 Configure parameter IP Address Mode (LAN):

If DHCP is selected, the DHCP server automatically assigns the IP configuration (Ethernet (LAN) IP
Address, Ethernet (LAN) IP Subnet Mask, Gateway IP Address (LAN)) and the values of those
individual parameters (below) are not used. To configure a simple test network, select mode Static.

9 Configure parameter Ethernet (LAN) IP Address:

Internet Protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of Internet protocols to uniquely
identify this unit on a network. To configure a simple test network, this field may be left at default
(192.168.0.1).

10 Configure parameter Ethernet (LAN) Subnet Mask:

The Subnet Mask defines the address range of the connected IP network. To configure a simple test
network, this field may be left at default (255.255.255.0).

11 Configure parameter Gateway IP Address (LAN):

The IP address of a computer on the current network that acts as a gateway. A gateway acts as an
entrance and exit to packets from and to other networks. To configure a simple test network, this
parameter may be left at default (blank).

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12 Click the Save icon, then click the Reset icon

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Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu

The Quick Start tab contains a simple listing of parameters required to configure a simple radio
link and to configure requisite networking parameters.

Figure 21 STA Quick Start menu

To configure an STA via the Quick Start menu, perform the following procedure.

Procedure:
1 Start the web browser from the management PC.

2 Navigate to menu Quick Start

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3 Configure parameter Device Mode:

This parameter controls the function of the device – all ePMP devices may be configured to operate
as an Access Point (AP), Station (STA), or as a Spectrum Analyzer. For initial link bring-up, choose
STA

4 Configure parameter Country Code:

Country Code settings affect the radios in the following ways:
• Maximum transmit power limiting (based on radio transmitter power plus configured
antenna gain)
• DFS operation is enabled based on the configured region code, if applicable
Select the country in which your network will be operating.

5 Configure parameter Device Name:

The STA Device Name is used to identify the device on the network. This parameter may be
modified or left at the default value of Cambium-STA.

6 Configure parameter IP Address Mode (LAN):

If DHCP is selected, the DHCP server automatically assigns the IP configuration (Ethernet (LAN) IP
Address, Ethernet (LAN) IP Subnet Mask, Gateway IP Address (LAN)) and the values of those
individual parameters (below) are not used. To configure a simple test network, this parameter
should be configured to Static

7 Configure parameter Ethernet (LAN) IP Address:

Internet Protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of Internet protocols to uniquely
identify this unit on a network. To configure a simple test network, this field should be configured to
192.168.0.2.

8 Configure parameter Ethernet (LAN) Subnet Mask:

The Subnet Mask defines the address range of the connected IP network. To configure a simple test
network, this field may be left at default (255.255.255.0).

9 Configure parameter Gateway IP Address (LAN):

The IP address of a computer on the current network that acts as a gateway. A gateway acts as an
entrance and exit to packets from and to other networks. To configure a simple test network, this
parameter may be left at default (blank).

10 Configure parameter Radio Frequency 20 MHz Scan List:

The Radio Scan List determines the frequencies for which the STA will scan for AP signaling. For a
simple radio network setup, click Select All to scan all frequencies.

12 Click the Save icon, then click the Reset icon

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Using the AP menu options

Use the menu navigation bar in the top and left panels to navigate to each web page. Table 49 lists
the functional areas that may be accessed from each menu option. Some of the parameters are
only displayed for specific system configurations.

Table 49 Functional areas accessed from each menu option

Menu option Menu Details

Configure AP Configuration menu on page 5-19

Radio AP Radio page on page 5-19

Quality of Service AP Quality of Service page on page 5-23

System AP System page on page 5-26

Network AP Network page on page 5-29

Security AP Security page on page 5-32

Monitor AP Monitor menu on page 5-35

Performance AP Performance page on page 5-35

System Status AP System Status page on page 5-38

Wireless Status AP Wireless Status page on page 5-40

Network Status AP Network Status page on page 5-42

System Log AP System Log page on page 5-43

Tools AP Tools menu on page 5-43

Software Upgrade AP Software Upgrade page on page 5-43

Backup / Restore AP Backup / Restore page on page 5-45

Spectrum Analyzer AP Spectrum Analyzer page on page 5-45

Throughput Test AP Throughput Test page on page 5-49

Ping AP Ping page on page 5-51

Traceroute AP Traceroute page on page 5-53

Quick Start Configuring AP units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-13

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AP Configuration menu
Use the Configuration menu to access all applicable device configuration parameters. The
configuration menu contains the following pages:
 AP Radio page on page 5-19
 AP Quality of Service page on page 5-23
 AP System page on page 5-26
 AP Network page on page 5-29
 AP Security page on page 5-32

AP Radio page
Use the Radio page to configure the device radio interface parameters.

Caution
Modifying radio parameters may result in a wireless outage. Plan configuration modifications
accordingly.

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Figure 22 AP Radio page

Table 50 AP Radio Configuration attributes

Attribute Meaning

Country Code From the drop-down list, select the country in which the radio is
operating.
Country Code settings affect the radios in the following ways:
 Maximum transmit power limiting (based on radio transmitter power
plus configured antenna gain)
 DFS operation is enabled based on the configured region code, if
applicable

STA Registration Based on sector/network planning and STA service level

Limit implementations, set the STA Registration Limit to the maximum
allowed number of STAs that are allowed network entry

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Attribute Meaning

Max Range Enter a number of miles or kilometers for the furthest distance from
which an STA is allowed to register to this AP. Do not set the distance to
any greater number of miles. A greater distance
 does not increase the power of transmission from the AP.
 can reduce aggregate throughput.
Regardless of this distance, the STA must meet the minimum
requirements for an acceptable link.

Note
If the AP is in cluster, then you must set this parameter on all other APs
in the cluster exactly the same

Cell Range Unit Miles: The Max Range setting is configured in units of miles
Kilometers: The Kilometers setting is configured in units of kilometers

Channel Bandwidth Configure the channel size used by the radio for RF transmission. This
value must match between the AP and STAs.

Frequency Carrier Configure the frequency carrier for RF transmission. This list is
dynamically adjusted to the regional restrictions based on the setting of
the Country Code parameter

DFS Alternate Configure the first frequency that will be used for RF transmission if a
Frequency Carrier 1 DFS detection causes the radio to switch from using the frequency
configured in Frequency Carrier. It is important to set this frequency
also in the STA Scan List.

DFS Alternate Configure the second frequency that will be used for RF transmission if a
Frequency Carrier 2 DFS detection causes the radio to switch from using the frequencies
configured in Frequency Carrier and DFS Alternate Frequency Carrier 2 .
It is important to set this frequency also in the STA Scan List.

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Attribute Meaning

Transmitter Output This value represents the combined power of the AP’s two transmitters.
Power Nations and regions may regulate transmitter output power. For
example
 5.4/5.8-GHz modules are available as connectorized radios, which
require the operator to adjust power to ensure regulatory
compliance.

The professional installer of the equipment has the responsibility to

 maintain awareness of applicable regulations.
 calculate the permissible transmitter output power for the module.
 confirm that the initial power setting is compliant with national or
regional regulations.
 confirm that the power setting is compliant following any reset of
the module to factory defaults.

Antenna Gain This value represents the amount of gain introduced by an external
antenna.

DL/UL Ratio Configure the schedule of downlink traffic to uplink traffic on the radio
link. In other words, this ratio represents the amount of the total radio
link’s aggregate throughput that will be used for downlink resources,
and the amount of the total radio link’s aggregate throughput that will be
used for uplink resources.

Beacon Interval

STA Target Each STA’s transmitter output power is automatically set by the AP. The
Received Power AP monitors the received power from each STA, and adjusts each STA’s
Level transmitter output power so that the received power at the AP from that
SM is not greater what is set in this field.

STA Transmitter Open Loop: In this mode, the STA will not receive any power change
Power Control information in the Group Poll Frame. STA will calculate the UL transmit
Mode power based on path loss calculations only.
Closed Loop: In closed loop UL power control, station will get the AP
actual transmit power of beacon frame and STA Target Received Power
Level in the beacon. Based on these two values, STA will calculate the
path loss. Based on path loss and TRL values it will calculate it’s transmit
power such that the signal from STA arrives at AP at the configured
target level. Path loss calculation will be updated by STA every time
there is a change in values of AP actual TX power or TRL in the Beacon.

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Attribute Meaning

Synchronization GPS: Synchronization timing is received via the AP’s connected GPS
Source antenna. Co-located or in-range APs receiving synchronization via GPS
or CMM will transmit and receive at the same time, thereby reducing
self-interference.
CMM: Synchronization timing is received via the AP’s Ethernet port via
a connected Cambium Cluster Management Module (CMM). Co-located
or in-range APs receiving synchronization via GPS or CMM will transmit
and receive at the same time, thereby reducing self-interference. For
more information on CMM configuration, see the PMP Synchronization
Solutions User Guide.
Internal: Synchronization timing is generated by the AP, and timing is
not based on GPS pulses.

Caution
APs using Synchronization Source Internal will not transmit and receive
in sync with other co-located or in-range APs, which introduces
interference into the system.

Synchronization The Synchronization Holdoff Time is designed to gracefully handle

Holdoff Time (sec) fluctuations/losses in the GPS synchronization signaling. After the AP
has received a reliable synchronization pulse for at least 60 seconds, if
there is a loss of synchronization signal, the Synchronization Holdoff
timer is started. During the holdoff interval, all STA registrations are
maintained. If a valid GPS synchronization pulse is regained during the
holdoff interval, then the AP continues to operate normally. If a valid
synchronization pulse is not regained from the GPS source during the
holdoff interval, then the AP ceases radio transmission.

AP Quality of Service page

The ePMP platform supports three QoS priority levels using an air fairness, priority-based
starvation avoidance scheduling algorithm:

Priority Level ePMP Traffic Priority Label Priority

Highest Priority (Served first) VOIP

Medium Priority (Served once highest priority High

traffic is sent)

Lowest Priority (Serviced once Highest and Low

Medium priority traffic is sent)

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 VoIP Priority (only utilized when VOIP Enable is set to Enabled)

 High Priority
 Low Priority
By default, all traffic passed over the air interface is low priority. The AP’s Quality of Service page
may be utilized to map traffic to certain priority levels using QoS classification rules. The rules
included in the table are enforced starting with the first row of the table.

Caution
Each additional traffic classification rule increases device CPU utilization. Careful network
planning is required to efficiently use the device processor.

Figure 23 AP Quality of Service page

Table 51 AP Radio Configuration attributes

Attribute Meaning

QoS Enable Enabled: The QoS Classification Rules table is editable and is utilized by
the device to classify traffic
Disabled: The QoS Classificatio Rules table is greyed-out and all traffic
is sent at one priority level

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Attribute Meaning

VOIP Enable Enabled: When enabled, two entries are automatically added to the first
and second rows of the QoS Classification Rules table, one with Rule
Type CoS (5) and one with Rule Type DSCP (46). The addition of these
rules ensures that VoIP traffic passed over the radio downlink is given
highest priority. The CoS and DSCP values may be modified to
accommodate non-standard VoIP equipment.

QoS Classification The QoS Classification Rules table contains all of the rules enforced by
Rules the device when passing traffic over the radio downlink. Traffic passed
through the device is matched against each rule in the table; when a
match is made the traffic is sent over the radio link using the priority
defined in column Traffic Priority.

Rule Type CoS: Class of Service; traffic prioritization is based on the 3-bit header
present in the 802.1Q VLAN-tagged Ethernet frame header in the packet
ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port
VLAN ID: traffic prioritization is based on the VLAN ID of the packet
ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port
EtherType: traffic prioritization is based on the two octet Ethertype field
in the Ethernet frame ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port. The Ethertype is
used to identify the protocol of the data in the payload of the Ethernet
frame
IP: traffic prioritization is based on the source and/or destination IP
address of the packet ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port. A subnet mask
may be included to define a range of IP addresses to match
MAC: traffic prioritization is based on the source and/or destination
MAC address of the packet ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port. A mask
may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match. The
mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.
Broadcast: all broadcast traffic is prioritized based on the priority
configured (High or Low)
Multicast: all multicast traffic is prioritized based on the priority
configured (High or Low)

Rule Details The Rule Details column is used to configure each classification rule
specified in column Rule Type.

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Attribute Meaning

Traffic Priority High: Traffic ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port is prioritized as “high
priority” for sending over the radio link (traffic will be sent after VOIP-
classified traffic, but before Low-classified traffic)
Low: Traffic ingressing the AP’s Ethernet port is prioritized as “low
priority” for sending over the radio link (traffic will be sent after VOIP-
classified and High-classified traffic is sent).

AP System page
The AP’s System page is used to configure system parameters, services, time settings, SNMP, and
syslog.

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Figure 24 AP System page

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Table 52 AP System attributes

Attribute Meaning

Device Mode All ePMP devices may be configured to operate in one of three modes:
AP: The device will operate as an AP
STA: The device will operate as an STA
Spectrum Analyzer: The devices will operate in Spectrum Analyzer
mode, allowing the operator to download the spectrum analyzer tool.

AP Name (SSID) The AP Name (SSID) is used to identify the AP to STAs. This value is
configured in the STA to select an AP with which to register.

SSH Service Enabled: SSH access to the device command-line interface is allowed
Disabled: SSH access to the device command-line interface is
disallowed

SSH Port Configure the port which the device uses to service incoming SSH
requests

Web Service HTTP: Access to the device management GUI is conducted via HTTP
HTTPS: Access to the device management GUI is conducted via HTTPS

HTTP Port If Web Service is set to HTTP, configure the port which the device uses
to service incoming HTTP requests for managmenet GUI access

HTTPS Port If Web Service is set to HTTPS, configure the port which the device uses
to service incoming HTTPS requests for management GUI access

NTP Server IP Static: The device retrieves NTP time data from the servers configured
Address Mode in fields NTP Server IP Address
DHCP: The device retrieves NTP time data from the server IP issued via
a network DHCP server

NTP Server 1,2 IP Configure primary and secondary NTP server IP addresses from which
Address the device will retrieve time and date information

Time Zone The Time Zone option may be used to offset the received NTP time to
match the operator’s local time zone.

SNMP Read-only Specify a control string that can allow a Network Management Station
Community String (NMS) such as the Cambium Networks Services Server (CNSS) to read
SNMP information. No spaces are allowed in this string. This password
will never authenticate an SNMP user or an NMS to read/write access.
The SNMP Read-only Community String value is clear text and is
readable by a packet monitor

SNMP Read-write Specify a control string that can allow a Network Management Station
Community String (NMS) to access SNMP information. No spaces are allowed in this string.

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Attribute Meaning

SNMP System Specify a string to associate with the physical module. This parameter
Name can be polled by the Cambium Networks Services Server (CNSS) or an
NMS.

SNMP System Specify a description string to associate with the physical module. This
Description parameter can be polled by the Cambium Networks Services Server
(CNSS) or an NMS.

Syslog Server IP 1-4 Specify up to four syslog servers to which the device will send syslog
messages.

System Log Mask Configure the levels of syslog messages which the devices will send to
the servers configured in parameters Syslog Server IP 1-4

AP Network page
The AP’s Network page is used to configure system networking parameters and VLAN parameters.

Figure 25 AP Network page

Table 53 AP Network attributes

Attribute Meaning

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IP Address Mode Static: Device management IP addressing is configured manually in

(LAN) fields Device IP Address (LAN), IP Subnet Mask (LAN), Gateway IP
Address (LAN), and DNS Server IP Address (LAN)
DHCP: Device management IP addressing (IP address, subnet mask,
gateway, and DNS server) is assigned via a network DHCP server, and
parameters Device IP Address (LAN), IP Subnet Mask (LAN), Gateway IP
Address (LAN), and DNS Server IP Address (LAN) are unused.

Device IP Address Internet protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of
(LAN) Internet protocols to uniquely identify this unit on a network.

Note
If IP Address Mode is set to DHCP and the device is unable to retrieve IP
address information via DHCP, the device management IP is set to
10.1.1.254.

IP Subnet Mask Defines the address range of the connected IP network. For example, if
(LAN) Device IP Address (LAN) is configured to 192.168.2.1 and IP Subnet Mask
(LAN) is configured to 255.255.255.0, the device will belong to subnet
192.168.2.X.

Gateway IP Address Configure the IP address of a computer on the current network that acts
(LAN) as a gateway. A gateway acts as an entrance and exit to packets from
and to other networks.

DNS Server IP Configure the IP address used for DNS resolution.

Address (LAN)

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit; the size in bytes of the largest data unit
that the device is configured to process. Larger MTU configurations can
enable the network to operate with greater efficiency, but in the case of
retransmissions due to packet errors, efficiency is reduced since large
packets must be resent in the event of an error.

MGMT VLAN Enabled: The AP management interface can be assigned to a

Management VLAN to separate management traffic (remote module
management via SNMP or HTTP) from user traffic (such as internet
browsing, voice, or video. Once the management interface is enabled for
a VLAN, an AP’s management interface can be accessed only by packets
tagged with a VLAN ID matching the management VLAN ID.
A VLAN configuration establishes a logical group within the network.
Each computer in the VLAN, regardless of initial or eventual physical
location, has access to the same data based on the VLAN architecture.
For the network operator, this provides flexibility in network
segmentation, simpler management, and enhanced security.
Disabled: When disabled, all IP management traffic is allowed to the
device.

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MGMT VLAN ID Configure this parameter to include the device’s management traffic on
a separate VLAN network. For example, if MGMT VLAN ID is set to 2,
GUI access will only be allowed from IP packets tagged with VLAN ID 2.

MGMT VLAN ePMP radios can prioritize VLAN traffic based on the eight priorities
Priority described in the IEEE 802.1p specification. MGMT VLAN Priority
represents the VLAN Priority or Class of Service (CoS). Operators may
use this prioritization field to give precedence to device management
traffic.
If the MGMT VLAN Priority field is configured, to access the AP GUI the
accessing switch or end device must be configured to tag Ethernet
frames with the MGMT VLAN ID value and the same priority values as
configured in field MGMT VLAN Priority. For example, if MGMT VLAN
ID is set to 100 and MGMT VLAN Priority is set to 5, the Ethernet frames
sent to the AP to access the GUI must be tagged with a VLAN ID value of
100 and Class of Service priority set to 5.
If MGMT VLAN Priority is not configured (blank), to access the AP GUI
the accessing switch or end device only needs to tag Ethernet frames
with the same VLAN ID as is configured in the MGMT VLAN ID field.

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AP Security page
The AP’s Security page is used to configure system security features including STA authentication
and Layer2/Layer3 Firewall rules.

Figure 26 AP Security page

Table 54 AP Security attributes

Attribute Meaning

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Authentication Type Open: All STAs requesting network entry are allowed registration.
WPA2: The WPA2 mechanism provides AES radio link encryption and
STA network entry authentication. When enabled, the STA must register
using the Authentication Pre-shared Key configured on the AP and STA.

Authentication Pre- Configure this key on the AP, then configure each of the network STAs
shared Key with this key to complete the authentication configuration. This key
must be between 8 to 128 symbols.

Layer 2 Firewall Entry Enabled: Modifications to the Layer 2 Firewall Table are allowed and
Enable/Disable rules are enforced
Disabled: Modifications to the Layer 2 Firewall Table are not allowed
and rules are not enforced

Layer 2 Firewall Table The Layer 2 firewall table may be used to configure rules matching layer
2 (MAC layer) traffic which result in forwarding or dropping the traffic
over the radio link or Ethernet interface.

Rule Details, Assign a logical name to the firewall rule based on the intended rule
Name operation (i.e. “Deny all WLAN traffic from VLAN ID 100”)

Rule Details, Accept: Layer 2 traffic matching the rule details will be forwarded
Action Deny: Layer 2 traffic matching the rule details will be dropped at the
device

Rule Details, WLAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to
Interface traffic incoming on the device radio interface (WLAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will
either be forwarded to the LAN (Ethernet) interface or dropped at the
device.
LAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to traffic
incoming on the device Ethernet interface (LAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will be
either forwarded to the WAN (radio) interface or dropped at the device

Rule Details, On: When a firewall rule is matched, a resulting system log message
Log will be generated
Off: When a firewall rule is matched, no system log messaging will be
generated

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the two octet Ethertype field in the Ethernet
EtherType frame. The Ethertype is used to identify the protocol of the data in the
payload of the Ethernet frame.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the VLAN ID of the packet

VLAN ID

Rule Details, Firewall rule matching is based on the source MAC address of the packet
Src MAC

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Rule Details, A mask may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match.
Src Mask The mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.

Rule Details, Firewall rule matching is based on the destination MAC address of the
Dest MAC packet

Rule Details, A mask may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match.
Dest Mask The mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.

Layer 3Firewall Entry Enabled: Modifications to the Layer 3 Firewall Table are allowed and
Enable/Disable rules are enforced
Disabled: Modifications to the Layer 3 Firewall Table are not allowed
and rules are not enforced

Layer 3 Firewall Table The Layer 3 firewall table may be used to configure rules matching layer
3 (IP layer) traffic which result in forwarding or dropping the traffic over
the radio link or Ethernet interface.

Rule Details, Assign a logical name to the firewall rule based on the intended rule
Name operation (i.e. “Deny all WLAN traffic from Src IP 192.168.2.111”)

Rule Details, Accept: Layer 3 traffic matching the rule details will be forwarded
Action Deny: Layer 3 traffic matching the rule details will be dropped at the
device

Rule Details, WLAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to
Interface traffic incoming on the device radio interface (WLAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will
either be forwarded to the LAN (Ethernet) interface or dropped at the
device.
LAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to traffic
incoming on the device Ethernet interface (LAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will be
either forwarded to the WAN (radio) interface or dropped at the device

Rule Details, On: When a firewall rule is matched, a resulting system log message
Log will be generated
Off: When a firewall rule is matched, no system log messaging will be
generated

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Rule Details, TCP: Only TCP packets will be matched by the configured rule
Protocol UDP: Only UDP packets will be matched by the configured rule
ICMP: Only ICMP packets will be matched by the configured rule

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the port value in the incoming packet
Port

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Source IP address of the incoming packet
Src IP

Rule Details, A subnet mask may be included to define a range of IP addresses to

Src Mask match. For example, if Src IP is configured to 192.168.2.0 and Src Mask
is configured to 255.255.255.0, the rule will match all IP addresses from
subnetwork 192.168.2.X.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Destination IP address of the incoming
Dest IP packet

Rule Details, A subnet mask may be included to define a range of IP addresses to

Dest Mask match. For example, if Dest IP is configured to 192.168.2.0 and Dest
Mask is configured to 255.255.255.0, the rule will match all IP addresses
from subnetwork 192.168.2.X.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the DiffServ CodePoint value of the incoming
DSCP packet

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Type Of Service value of the incoming
TOS packet.

AP Monitor menu
Use the Monitor menu to access device and network statistics and status information. This section
may be used to analyze and troubleshoot network performance and operation.
The Monitor menu contains the following pages:
 AP Performance page on page 5-35
 AP Performance page on page 5-35
 AP System Status page on page 5-38
 AP Wireless Status page on page 5-40
 AP Network Status page on page 5-42
 AP System Log page on page 5-43

AP Performance page
Use the Performance page to monitor system status and statistics to analyze and troubleshoot
network performance and operation.

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Figure 27 AP Performance page

Table 55 AP Performance page attributes

Attribute Meaning

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Attribute Meaning

WAN UL – Total Total count of kilobits received by the AP via the radio interface.
Kbit Counter

WAN UL – Multicast Total count of multicast packets received by the AP via the radio
Packet Counter interface

WAN UL – Total count of broadcast packets received by the AP via the radio
Broadcast Packet interface
Counter

WAN UL – Total Total count of packets received by the AP via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN UL – Error Total count of packets received by the AP via the radio interface which
Drop Packet were dropped due to data integrity error, no acknowledgement, or RF
Counter error in the packet.

WAN DL – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits sent by the AP via the radio interface.
Counter

WAN DL – Multicast Total count of multicast packets sent by the AP via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN DL – Total count of broadcast packets sent by the AP via the radio interface
Broadcast Packet
Counter

WAN DL – Total Total count of packets sent by the AP via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN DL – Error Total count of packets received by the AP via the Ethernet interface
Drop Packet which were dropped due to data integrity error or RF error in the packet
Counter

LAN TX – Total Total count of packets transmitted out of the AP’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN TX – Error
Packet Counter

LAN TX – Dropped Total count of packets dropped prior to sending out of the AP’s Ethernet
Packet Counter interface due to Ethernet setup or filtering issues.

LAN TX – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits sent via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Counter

LAN TX – Multicast Total count of multicast packets sent via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN TX – Broadcast Total count of broadcast packets sent via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

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Attribute Meaning

LAN RX – Total Total count of packets received by the AP’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Packet Counter

LAN RX – Error Total count of packets received by the AP’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Packet Counter containing errors

LAN RX – Dropped Total count of packets dropped after receipt by the AP’s Ethernet
Packet Counter interface due to Ethernet setup or filtering issues.

LAN RX – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits received via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Counter

LAN RX – Multicast Total count of multicast packets received via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN RX – Broadcast Total count of broadcast packets received via the AP’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

AP System Status page

Use the System Status page to reference key system information.

Figure 28 AP System Status page

Table 56 AP System Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

Software Version Current operating version of software on the device. This listing is also
present on the GUI footer bar (which contains a hyperlink to download
new system software)

Hardware Version Board hardware version information

Date and Time Current date and time, subject to time zone offsets introduced by the
configuration of the device Time Zone parameter

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Attribute Meaning

System Uptime The total system uptime since the last device reset

MAC Address The hardware address of the device Ethernet (LAN) interface

DFS Status N/A: DFS operation is not required for the region configured in
parameter Country Code
Channel Availability Check: Prior to transmitting, the device must check
the configured Frequency Carrier for radar pulses for 60 seconds). If no
radar pulses are detected, the device transitions to state In-Service
Monitoring
In-Service Monitoring: Radio is transmitting and receiving normally
while monitoring for radar pulses which require a channel move
Radar Signal Detected: The receiver has detected a valid radar pulse
and is carrying out detect-and-avoid mechanisms (moving to an
alternate channel).
In-Service Monitoring at Alternative Channel: The radio has detected a
radar pulse and has moved operation to a frequency configured in DFS
Alternative Frequency Carrier 1 or DFS Alternative Frequency Carrier 2
System Not In Service due to DFS: The radio has detected a radar pulse
and has failed channel availability checks on all alternative frequencies.
The non-occupancy time for the radio frequencies in which radar was
detected is 30 minutes

Synchronization GPS Sync Up: GPS synchronization pulses are being received via the
Source AP’s on-board GPS or via a connected CMM
GPS Sync Down: There is no presence of a valid GPS synchronization
pulse via the configured source (GPS or CMM) or the device
Synchronization Source is set to Internal

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AP Wireless Status page

Use the Wireless Status page to reference key information about the radio’s wireless interface and
connected STAs.

Figure 29 AP Wireless Status page

Table 57 AP Wireless Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

Transmitter Output The current power level at which the AP is transmitting

Power

Registered STA The total count of STAs which are currently registered to the AP
Count

Ethernet Interface Up: The Ethernet (LAN) interface is functioning properly

(LAN) Down: The Ethernet (LAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Wireless Interface Up: The radio (WAN) interface is functioning properly

(WAN) Down: The radio (WAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Connected STA List Use the Connected STA List table to monitor registered STAs and their
key RF status and statistics information

STA MAC The physical address of the registered STA

Address

UL RSSI The uplink Received Signal Strength Indicator, which is a measurement

of the power level being received by the AP’s antenna

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Attribute Meaning

WAN IP The assigned management IP address for the STA’s wireless interface
Address

UL CINR The uplink Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio, which is an expression of

the carrier signal quality with respect to signal noise and co-channel
interference (or both)

DL CINR The downlink Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio, which is an expression

of the carrier signal quality with respect to signal noise and co-channel
interference (or both)

UL MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
Mode for the radio uplink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

DL MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
Mode for the radio downlink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

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AP Network Status page

Use the AP Network Status page to reference key information about the device network status.

Figure 30 AP Network Status page

Table 58 AP Network Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

LAN Gateway IP The currently configured LAN Gateway IP address

Address

LAN MTU The currently configured Maximum Transmission Unit for the AP’s
Ethernet (LAN) interface. Larger MTU configurations can enable the
network to operate with greater efficiency, but in the case of
retransmissions due to packet errors, efficiency is reduced since large
packets must be resent in the event of an error.

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AP System Log page

Use the AP System Log page to view the device system log and to download the logfile to the
accessing PC/devlce.

Figure 31 AP System Log page

Table 59 AP System Log attributes

Attribute Meaning

Display System Log Enabled: The system log file is displayed on the management GUI
on Web Interface Disabled: The system log file is hidden on the management GUI

Download full Use this button to download the full system log file to a connected
syslog file PC/device

AP Tools menu
The AP Tools menu provides several options for upgrading device software, configuration
backup/restore, analyzing RF spectrum, testing device throughput, and running ping and
traceroute tests.
 AP Software Upgrade page on page 5-43
 AP Backup / Restore page on page 5-45
 AP Spectrum Analyzer page on page 5-45
 AP Throughput Test page on page 5-49
 AP Ping page on page 5-51
 AP Traceroute page on page 5-53

AP Software Upgrade page

Use the AP Software Upgrade page to update the device radio software to take advantage of new
software features and improvements.

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Caution
Read the Release Notes associated with each software release.

Figure 32 AP Software Upgrade page

Table 60 AP Software Upgrade attributes

Attribute Meaning

Software Version The current operating software version

SW Upgrade Option From URL:

From Local File: Click Browse to select the local file containing the
software upgrade package

Software Upgrade
Source Info (IP,
Port, File)
Software Upgrade
Local File

To upgrade the device software, perform the following procedure:

Procedure:

1 Download the software upgrade packages from www.cambiumnetworks.com

2 On the device GUI, navigate to Tools, Software Upgrade

3 Select the SW Upgrade Option which represents the location of your software upgrade
packages

4 Based on the configuration of SW Upgrade Option, enter either the Software Upgrade
Source Info or click the Browse… button to locate the software package

5 Click Upgrade

6 When the upgrade is completed successfully, click the Reset icon

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AP Backup / Restore page

Use the AP Backup/Restore page to reset the device to its factory default configuration.

Figure 33 AP Backup/Restore page

Table 61 AP Software Upgrade attributes

Attribute Meaning

Reset to Factory Use this button to reset the device to its factory default configuration
Default
Configuration Caution
A reset to factory default configuration resets all device parameters. The
AP will cease to transmit and any registered STAs will lose their session.

AP Spectrum Analyzer page

Use the AP Spectrum Analyzer page to configure AP spectrum analyzer parameters and to
download the spectrum analyzer tool.
To download the spectrum analyzer tool, the AP Device Mode must be set to Spectrum Analyzer.
Java Runtime Environment is required to run the AP spectrum analyzer.

Caution
Conducting spectrum analysis causes the AP to enter scan mode and the AP drops all RF
connections.
Vary the days and times when you analyze the spectrum in an area. The RF environment can
change throughout the day or throughout the week.

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Figure 34 AP Spectrum Analyzer page

Table 62 AP Spectrum Analyzer attributes

Attribute Meaning

Min Power

Flip

After downloading the Spectrum analyzer, double-click the file csa.jnlp to run the tool.

Figure 35 Spectrum Analyzer

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To conduct a spectrum analysis using the AP, perform the following procedure:
Required Software:
 Java Run-time Environment (JRE)

Procedure:

1 On the AP GUI, navigate to Configure, System

2 Configure Device mode to Spectrum Analyzer

3 Click the Save button

4 Click the Reset button

5 Login to the AP GUI, then navigate to Tools, Spectrum Analyzer

6 Click Download Spectrum Analyzer Tool

7 Locate the folder to which the spectrum analyzer tool was saved, and double-click on file
csa.jnlp to launch the tool
8 If a security warning window is presented, tick the checkbox next to “I accept the risk and
want to run this application”

9 In the security warning window, click Run

The spectrum analyzer interface is displayed

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10 Click File, Settings and configure the following attributes:

Table 63 AP Spectrum Analyzer settings (located in File, Settings menu)

Attribute Meaning

Server IP Enter the IP address of the device which will be conducting the
spectrum scan

Buffer Size Enter the duration for which the device will scan the spectrum

Frequency Mode Enter the band which the device will scan

Range The range of frequencies to scan – this field may be configured vai
the Lower freq. and Upper freq. text input boxes or by the sliders
provided near the bottom of the dialogue window.

11 Click OK when configuration is complete

12 Click Connect to connect the spectrum analyzer application to the device

13 Click Scan, Start or the Play button to begin scanning

When scanning is complete, perform the following procedure to return the device to AP operation:

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Procedure:

1 In the spectrum analyzer application, click Disconnect

2 Close the spectrum analyzer application by clicking File, Exit

3 Click the Save button

4 On the AP GUI, navigate to Configure, System

5 Configure Device Mode to AP

6 Click the Save button

7 Click the Reset button

AP Throughput Test page

Use the AP Throughput Test page to test the capacity of the link in its current operating
environment. When a throughput test is executed, the AP and STA send data at the maximum rate
based on the configuration provided.

Caution
Conducting a throughput test floods the link with UDP traffic. This link flooding may impact
service for other STAs in the sector.

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Figure 36 AP Throughput Test page

Table 64 AP Throughput Test attributes

Attribute Meaning

Connected STA IP Enter the management IP address of the STA with which the throughput
Address test will be conducted

Throughput Test Uni-Direction: The throughput test will be conducted on the downlink
Direction only
Bi-Direction: The throughput test will be conducted on the downlink then
on the uplink

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Throughput Test Small (128 bytes): The throughput test will be conducted by sending
Packet Size packets of size 128 bytes. Running a throughout test with a small packet
size is very CPU intensive, and maximum achievable throughput may
not result.
Medium (800 bytes): The throughput test will be conducted by sending
packets of size 800 bytes.
Large (Current IP MTU): The throughput test will be conducted by
sending packets sized at the configured MTU. Conducting throughput
tests with larger packet sizes gives a better indicator of maximum
achievable link throughput.

Throughput Test Short (2 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for two seconds
Time Duration Medium (5 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for five seconds
Long (10 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for ten seconds

Throughput Test UL: The total latency from the STA device to the AP device
Latency DL: The total latency from the AP device to the STA device

Throughput Test DL The average throughput of the AP to STA link.

Throughput
Note
This value may be lowered if other sector traffic exists.

Throughput Test UL The average throughput of the STA to AP link.

Throughput
Note
This value may be lowered if other sector traffic exists.

AP Ping page
Use the AP Ping page to conduct a simple test of AP IP connectivity to other devices which are
reachable from the network. If no ping response is received or if “Destination Host Unreachable”
is reported, the target may be down, there may be no route back to the AP, or there may be a
failure in the network hardware (i.e. DNS server failure).

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Figure 37 AP Ping page

Table 65 AP Ping attributes

Attribute Meaning

IP Address Enter the IP address of the ping target

Number of packets Enter the total number of ping requests to send to the target
(-c)

Buffer size (-s) Enter the number of data bytes to be sent

TTL (-t) Set the IP Time-To-Live (TTL) for multicast packets. This flag applies if
the ping target is a multicast address

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AP Traceroute page
Use the AP Traceroute page to display the route (path) and associated diagnostics for IP
connectivity between the AP and the destination specified.

Figure 38 AP Traceroute page

Table 66 AP Traceroute attributes

Attribute Meaning

IP Address Enter the IP address of the target of the traceroute diagnostic

Fragmentation (-F) ON: Allow source and target to fragment probe packets
OFF: Do not fragment probe packets (on source or target)

Trace method (-l) ICMP ECHO: Use ICMP ECHO for traceroute probes
UDP: Use UDP for traceroute probes

Display TTL (-l) ON: Display TTL values for each hop on the route
OFF: Suppress display of TTL values for each hop on the route

Verbose (-v) ON: ICMP packets other than TIME_EXCEEDED and UNREACHABLE are
displayed in the output
OFF: Suppress display of extraneous ICMP messaging

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Using the STA menu options

Use the menu navigation bar in the top and left panels to navigate to each web page. Table 49 lists
the functional areas that may be accessed from each menu option. Some of the parameters are
only displayed for specific system configurations.

Table 67 Functional areas accessed from each menu option

Menu option Menu Details

Configure STA Configuration menu on page 5-55

Radio STA Radio page on page 5-55

Quality of Service STA Quality of Service page on page 5-58

System STA System page on page 5-60

Network STA Network page on page 5-63

Security STA Security page on page 5-67

Monitor STA Monitor menu on page 5-70

Performance STA Performance page on page 5-70

System Status STA System Status page on page 5-73

Wireless Status STA Wireless Status page on page 5-75

Network Status STA Network Status page on page 5-76

System Log STA System Log page on page 5-77

Tools STA Tools menu on page 5-78

Software Upgrade STA Software Upgrade page on page 5-78

Backup / Restore STA Backup / Restore page on page 5-79

Spectrum Analyzer STA Spectrum Analyzer page on page 5-80

Throughput Test STA Throughput Test page on page 5-83

Ping STA Ping page on page 5-85

Traceroute STA Traceroute page on page 5-86

Quick Start Configuring STA units using the Quick Start menu on page 5-16

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STA Configuration menu

Use the Configuration menu to access all applicable device configuration parameters. The
configuration menu contains the following pages:
 AP Radio page on page 5-19
 AP Quality of Service page on page 5-23
 AP System page on page 5-26
 AP Network page on page 5-29
 AP Security page on page 5-32

STA Radio page

Use the Radio page to configure the device radio interface parameters.

Caution
Modifying radio parameters may result in a wireless outage. Plan configuration modifications
accordingly.

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Figure 39 STA Radio page

Table 68 STA Radio Configuration attributes

Attribute Meaning

Country Code From the drop-down list, select the country in which the radio is
operating.

Country Code settings affect the radios in the following ways:

 Maximum transmit power limiting (based on radio transmitter power

plus configured antenna gain)
 DFS operation is enabled based on the configured region code, if
applicable

Note
Country Code Follow AP CC allows the STA to inherit the country code
of the AP, including maximum transmit power limiting and DFS
operation.

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Attribute Meaning

Scan Channel 20 MHz: The STA scans and operating with a 20 MHz-wide channel. To
Bandwidth associate to an AP, the AP must have the same channel bandwidth as
the STA.

Transmitter Output This value represents the combined power of the STA’s two
Power transmitters.
Nations and regions may regulate transmitter output power. For
example;
 5.4/5.8-GHz modules are available as connectorized radios, which
require the operator to adjust power to ensure regulatory
compliance.

The professional installer of the equipment has the responsibility to

 maintain awareness of applicable regulations.
 calculate the permissible transmitter output power for the module.
 confirm that the initial power setting is compliant with national or
regional regulations.
 confirm that the power setting is compliant following any reset of
the module to factory defaults.

Antenna Gain This value represents the amount of gain introduced by an external
antenna.

Preferred AP List The Preferred AP List is comprised of a list of up to 16 APs to which the
STA sequentially attempts registration.

AP SSID Enter the AP Name (SSID) of the AP to which registration will be

attempted

Pre-shared If encryption is enabled on the AP, enter the Pre-shared Key which
Key matches the Pre-shared Key configured on the AP

Radio Frequency 20 Select the frequencies for the STA to scan to attempt AP network entry.
MHz Scan List To register to an AP, the STA must be configured with the same
frequency that is configured on the AP (AP parameter Frequency
Carrier).

Note
If operating in a DFS-required region, ensure that the STA is also
configured with the same frequencies as are configured in the AP’s DFS
Alternate Frequency Carrier 1 and DFS Alternate Frequency Carrier 2
parameters.

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Attribute Meaning

AP RSSI Threshold Set this parameter to the minimum Received Signal Strength Indicator
(RSSI) at the STA required for the STA to attempt registration to an AP.
For example, if the AP RSSI Threshold is set to -80 dBm, and the STA is
receiving the AP signal at -85 dBm (RSSI = -85 dBm), the STA will not
attempt to register to the AP.

AP CINR Threshold Set this parameter to the minimum Carrier-to-Interference-plus-Noise

Ratio (CINR) at the STA required for the STA to attempt registration to an
AP. For example, if the AP CINR Threshold is set to 30 dB and the STA is
calculating its DL CINR as 25 dB, the STA will not attempt to register to
the AP.

STA Quality of Service page

The ePMP platform supports three QoS priority levels using an air-fairness, priority-based
starvation avoidance scheduling algorithm:
Priority Level ePMP Traffic Priority Label Priority

Highest Priority (Served first) VOIP

Medium Priority (Served once highest priority High

traffic is sent)

Lowest Priority (Serviced once Highest and Low

Medium priority traffic is sent)

 VoIP Priority (only utilized when VOIP Enable is set to Enabled)

 High Priority
 Low Priority
By default, all traffic passed over the air interface is low priority. The STA’s Quality of Service
page may be utilized to map traffic to certain priority levels using QoS classification rules. The
rules included in the table are enforced starting with the first row of the table.

Caution
Each additional traffic classification rule increases device CPU utilization. Careful network
planning is required to efficiently use the device processor.

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Figure 40 STA Quality of Service page

Table 69 STA Radio Configuration attributes

Attribute Meaning

QoS Enable Enabled: The QoS Classification Rules table is editable and is utilized by
the device to classify traffic
Disabled: The QoS Classificatio Rules table is greyed-out and all traffic
is sent at one priority level

VOIP Enable Enabled: When enabled, two entries are automatically added to the first
and second rows of the QoS Classification Rules table, one with Rule
Type CoS (5) and one with Rule Type DSCP (46). The addition of these
rules ensures that VoIP traffic passed over the radio downlink is given
highest priority. The CoS and DSCP values may be modified to
accommodate non-standard VoIP equipment.

QoS Classification The QoS Classification Rules table contains all of the rules enforced by
Rules the device when passing traffic over the radio downlink. Traffic passed
through the device is matched against each rule in the table; when a
match is made the traffic is sent over the radio link using the priority
defined in column Traffic Priority.

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Attribute Meaning

Rule Type CoS: Class of Service; traffic prioritization is based on the 3-bit header
present in the 802.1Q VLAN-tagged Ethernet frame header in the packet
ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port
VLAN ID: traffic prioritization is based on the VLAN ID of the packet
ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port
EtherType: traffic prioritization is based on the two octet Ethertype field
in the Ethernet frame ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port. The Ethertype
is used to identify the protocol of the data in the payload of the Ethernet
frame
IP: traffic prioritization is based on the source and/or destination IP
address of the packet ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port. A subnet mask
may be included to define a range of IP addresses to match
MAC: traffic prioritization is based on the source and/or destination
MAC address of the packet ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port. A mask
may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match. The
mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.
Broadcast: all broadcast traffic is prioritized based on the priority
configured (High or Low)
Multicast: all multicast traffic is prioritized based on the priority
configured (High or Low)

Rule Details The Rule Details column is used to configure each classification rule
specified in column Rule Type.

Traffic Priority High: Traffic ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port is prioritized as “high
priority” for sending over the radio link (traffic will be sent after VOIP-
classified traffic, but before Low-classified traffic)
Low: Traffic ingressing the STA’s Ethernet port is prioritized as “low
priority” for sending over the radio link (traffic will be sent after VOIP-
classified and High-classified traffic is sent).

STA System page

The STA’s System page is used to configure system parameters, services, time settings, SNMP,
and syslog.

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Figure 41 STA System page

Table 70 STA System attributes

Attribute Meaning

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Attribute Meaning

Device Mode All ePMP devices may be configured to operate in one of three modes:
AP: The device will operate as an AP
STA: The device will operate as an STA
Spectrum Analyzer: The devices will operate in Spectrum Analyzer
mode, allowing the operator to download the spectrum analyzer tool.

Device Name The Device Name is used to identify the STA on the network, and may
be retrieved by a NMS such as the Cambium Network Services Server
(CNSS).

SSH Service Enabled: SSH access to the device command-line interface is allowed
Disabled: SSH access to the device command-line interface is
disallowed

SSH Port Configure the port which the device uses to service incoming SSH
requests

Web Service HTTP: Access to the device management GUI is conducted via HTTP
HTTPS: Access to the device management GUI is conducted via HTTPS

HTTP Port If Web Service is set to HTTP, configure the port which the device uses
to service incoming HTTP requests for managmenet GUI access

HTTPS Port If Web Service is set to HTTPS, configure the port which the device uses
to service incoming HTTPS requests for management GUI access

NTP Server IP Static: The device retrieves NTP time data from the servers configured
Address Mode in fields NTP Server IP Address
DHCP: The device retrieves NTP time data from the server IP issued via
a network DHCP server

NTP Server 1,2 IP Configure primary and secondary NTP server IP addresses from which
Address the device will retrieve time and date information

Time Zone The Time Zone option may be used to offset the received NTP time to
match the operator’s local time zone.

Read-only Specify a control string that can allow a Network Management Station
Community String (NMS) such as the Cambium Networks Services Server (CNSS) to read
SNMP information. No spaces are allowed in this string. This password
will never authenticate an SNMP user or an NMS to read/write access.
The SNMP Read-only Community String value is clear text and is
readable by a packet monitor

Read-write Specify a control string that can allow a Network Management Station
Community String (NMS) to access SNMP information. No spaces are allowed in this string.

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Attribute Meaning

System Name Specify a string to associate with the physical module. This parameter
can be polled by the Cambium Networks Services Server (CNSS) or an
NMS.

System Description Specify a description string to associate with the physical module. This
parameter can be polled by the Cambium Networks Services Server
(CNSS) or an NMS.

Syslog Server IP 1-4 Specify up to four syslog servers to which the device will send syslog
messages.

System Log Mask Configure the levels of syslog messages which the devices will send to
the servers configured in parameters Syslog Server IP 1-4

STA Network page

The STA’s Network page is used to configure system networking parameters and VLAN
parameters.

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Figure 42 STA Network page, Bridge mode

Table 71 STA Network attributes, Bridge mode

Attribute Meaning

STA Network Mode NAT: The STA acts as a router, and packets are forwarded or filtered
based on their IP header (source or destination).
Bridge: The STA acts as a switch, and packets are forwarded or filtered
based on their MAC destination address

IP Address Mode Static: Device management IP addressing is configured manually in

(LAN) fields Device IP Address (LAN), IP Subnet Mask (LAN), Gateway IP
Address (LAN), and DNS Server IP Address (LAN)
DHCP: Device management IP addressing (IP address, subnet mask,
gateway, and DNS server) is assigned via a network DHCP server, and
parameters Device IP Address (LAN), IP Subnet Mask (LAN), Gateway IP
Address (LAN), and DNS Server IP Address (LAN) are unused.

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Device IP Address Internet protocol (IP) address. This address is used by the family of
(LAN) Internet protocols to uniquely identify this unit on a network.

Note
If IP Address Mode is set to DHCP and the device is unable to retrieve IP
address information via DHCP, the device management IP is set to
10.1.1.254.

IP Subnet Mask Defines the address range of the connected IP network. For example, if
(LAN) Device IP Address (LAN) is configured to 192.168.2.1 and IP Subnet Mask
(LAN) is configured to 255.255.255.0, the device will belong to subnet
192.168.2.X.

Gateway IP Address Configure the IP address of a computer on the current network that acts
(LAN) as a gateway. A gateway acts as an entrance and exit to packets from
and to other networks.

DNS Server IP Configure the IP address used for DNS resolution.

Address (LAN)

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit; the size in bytes of the largest data unit
that the device is configured to process. Larger MTU configurations can
enable the network to operate with greater efficiency, but in the case of
retransmissions due to packet errors, efficiency is reduced since large
packets must be resent in the event of an error.

MGMT VLAN Enabled: The STA management interface can be assigned to a

Management VLAN to separate management traffic (remote module
management via SNMP or HTTP) from user traffic (such as internet
browsing, voice, or video. Once the management interface is enabled for
a VLAN, an STA’s management interface can be accessed only by
packets tagged with a VLAN ID matching the management VLAN ID.
A VLAN configuration establishes a logical group within the network.
Each computer in the VLAN, regardless of initial or eventual physical
location, has access to the same data based on the VLAN architecture.
For the network operator, this provides flexibility in network
segmentation, simpler management, and enhanced security.
Disabled: When disabled, all IP management traffic is allowed to the
device.

MGMT VLAN ID Configure this parameter to include the device’s management traffic on
a separate VLAN network. For example, if MGMT VLAN ID is set to 2,
GUI access will only be allowed from IP packets tagged with VLAN ID 2.

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MGMT VLAN ePMP radios can prioritize VLAN traffic based on the eight priorities
Priority described in the IEEE 802.1p specification. MGMT VLAN Priority
represents the VLAN Priority or Class of Service (CoS). Operators may
use this prioritization field to give precedence to device management
traffic.
If the MGMT VLAN Priority field is configured, to access the STA GUI
the accessing switch or end device must be configured to tag Ethernet
frames with the MGMT VLAN ID value and the same priority values as
configured in field MGMT VLAN Priority. For example, if MGMT VLAN
ID is set to 100 and MGMT VLAN Priority is set to 5, the Ethernet frames
sent to the STA to access the GUI must be tagged with a VLAN ID value
of 100 and Class of Service priority set to 5.
If MGMT VLAN Priority is not configured (blank), to access the STA GUI
the accessing switch or end device only needs to tag Ethernet frames
with the same VLAN ID as is configured in the MGMT VLAN ID field.

Data VLAN ID Configure this parameter to include the device’s user traffic (i.e. Internet
browsing, VoIP, or video) on a separate VLAN network. For example, if
Data VLAN ID is set to 2, user data (i.e. Internet browsing, video) will
only be allowed from IP packets tagged with VLAN ID 2.

Data VLAN Priority ePMP radios can prioritize VLAN traffic based on the eight priorities
described in the IEEE 802.1p specification. Data VLAN Priority
represents the VLAN Priority or Class of Service (CoS). Operators may
use this prioritization field to give precedence to device user data.
If the Data VLAN Priority field is configured, for user traffic to traverse
the device the accessing switch or end device must be configured to tag
Ethernet frames with the Data VLAN ID value and the same priority
values as configured in field Data VLAN Priority. For example, if Data
VLAN ID is set to 100 and Data VLAN Priority is set to 5, the user traffic
Ethernet frames sent to the STA to from a PC situated below the STA
must be tagged with a VLAN ID value of 100 and Class of Service priority
set to 5 to be sent over the air to the AP.
If Data VLAN Priority is not configured (blank), for user traffic to traverse
the device the accessing switch or end device only needs to tag Ethernet
frames with the same VLAN ID as is configured in the Data VLAN ID
field.

VLAN Membership Configure the STA VLAN Membership Table to include the STA in one or
Table more VLANs. When the STA receives a packet tagged with a VLAN ID
which is contained in the STA VLAN Membership Table, the packet is
forwarded over the air interface to the AP. When the STA receives a
packet tagged with a VLAN ID which is not present in the STA VLAN
Membership Table, the frame is dropped.

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STA Security page

The STA’s Security page is used to configure system security features including STA
authentication and Layer2/Layer3 Firewall rules.

Figure 43 STA Security page

Table 72 STA Security attributes

Attribute Meaning

Layer 2 Firewall Entry Enabled: Modifications to the Layer 2 Firewall Table are allowed and
Enable/Disable rules are enforced
Disabled: Modifications to the Layer 2 Firewall Table are not allowed
and rules are not enforced

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Layer 2 Firewall Table The Layer 2 firewall table may be used to configure rules matching layer
2 (MAC layer) traffic which result in forwarding or dropping the traffic
over the radio link or Ethernet interface.

Rule Details, Assign a logical name to the firewall rule based on the intended rule
Name operation (i.e. “Deny all WLAN traffic from VLAN ID 100”)

Rule Details, Accept: Layer 2 traffic matching the rule details will be forwarded
Action Deny: Layer 2 traffic matching the rule details will be dropped at the
device

Rule Details, WLAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to
Interface traffic incoming on the device radio interface (WLAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will
either be forwarded to the LAN (Ethernet) interface or dropped at the
device.
LAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to traffic
incoming on the device Ethernet interface (LAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will be
either forwarded to the WAN (radio) interface or dropped at the device

Rule Details, On: When a firewall rule is matched, a resulting system log message
Log will be generated
Off: When a firewall rule is matched, no system log messaging will be
generated

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the two octet Ethertype field in the Ethernet
EtherType frame. The Ethertype is used to identify the protocol of the data in the
payload of the Ethernet frame.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the VLAN ID of the packet

VLAN ID

Rule Details, Firewall rule matching is based on the source MAC address of the packet
Src MAC

Rule Details, A mask may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match.
Src Mask The mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.

Rule Details, Firewall rule matching is based on the destination MAC address of the
Dest MAC packet

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Rule Details, A mask may be included to define a range of MAC addresses to match.
Dest Mask The mask is made up of a hex representation of a series of 1s to start the
mask and 0s that end the mask. A 1 may not follow a 0. Thus,
FF:FF:FF:FF:00:00 is allowed, but FF:00:FF:FF:FF:FF is not. The MAC
address is combined with the mask to define the range of allowed MAC
addresses.

Layer 3Firewall Entry Enabled: Modifications to the Layer 3 Firewall Table are allowed and
Enable/Disable rules are enforced
Disabled: Modifications to the Layer 3 Firewall Table are not allowed
and rules are not enforced

Layer 3 Firewall Table The Layer 3 firewall table may be used to configure rules matching layer
3 (IP layer) traffic which result in forwarding or dropping the traffic over
the radio link or Ethernet interface.

Rule Details, Assign a logical name to the firewall rule based on the intended rule
Name operation (i.e. “Deny all WLAN traffic from Src IP 192.168.2.111”)

Rule Details, Accept: Layer 3 traffic matching the rule details will be forwarded
Action Deny: Layer 3 traffic matching the rule details will be dropped at the
device

Rule Details, WLAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to
Interface traffic incoming on the device radio interface (WLAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will
either be forwarded to the LAN (Ethernet) interface or dropped at the
device.
LAN: When this option is selected, firewall rules will be applied to traffic
incoming on the device Ethernet interface (LAN). Depending on the
setting of the Action parameter, traffic matching the rule details will be
either forwarded to the WAN (radio) interface or dropped at the device

Rule Details, On: When a firewall rule is matched, a resulting system log message
Log will be generated
Off: When a firewall rule is matched, no system log messaging will be
generated

Rule Details, TCP: Only TCP packets will be matched by the configured rule
Protocol UDP: Only UDP packets will be matched by the configured rule
ICMP: Only ICMP packets will be matched by the configured rule

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the port value in the incoming packet
Port

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Source IP address of the incoming packet
Src IP

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Rule Details, A subnet mask may be included to define a range of IP addresses to

Src Mask match. For example, if Src IP is configured to 192.168.2.0 and Src Mask
is configured to 255.255.255.0, the rule will match all IP addresses from
subnetwork 192.168.2.X.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Destination IP address of the incoming
Dest IP packet

Rule Details, A subnet mask may be included to define a range of IP addresses to

Dest Mask match. For example, if Dest IP is configured to 192.168.2.0 and Dest
Mask is configured to 255.255.255.0, the rule will match all IP addresses
from subnetwork 192.168.2.X.

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the DiffServ CodePoint value of the incoming
DSCP packet

Rule Details, Rule matching is based on the Type Of Service value of the incoming
TOS packet.

STA Monitor menu

Use the Monitor menu to access device and network statistics and status information. This section
may be used to analyze and troubleshoot network performance and operation.
The Monitor menu contains the following pages:
 AP Performance page on page 5-35
 AP Performance page on page 5-35
 AP System Status page on page 5-38
 AP Wireless Status page on page 5-40
 AP Network Status page on page 5-42
 AP System Log page on page 5-43

STA Performance page

Use the Performance page to monitor system status and statistics to analyze and troubleshoot
network performance and operation.

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Figure 44 STA Performance page

Table 73 STA Performance page attributes

Attribute Meaning

WAN UL – Total Total count of kilobits received by the STA via the radio interface.
Kbit Counter

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Attribute Meaning

WAN UL – Multicast Total count of multicast packets received by the STA via the radio
Packet Counter interface

WAN UL – Total count of broadcast packets received by the STA via the radio
Broadcast Packet interface
Counter

WAN UL – Total Total count of packets received by the STA via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN UL – Error Total count of packets received by the STA via the radio interface which
Drop Packet were dropped due to data integrity error, no acknowledgement, or RF
Counter error in the packet.

WAN DL – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits sent by the STA via the radio interface.
Counter

WAN DL – Multicast Total count of multicast packets sent by the STA via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN DL – Total count of broadcast packets sent by the STA via the radio interface
Broadcast Packet
Counter

WAN DL – Total Total count of packets sent by the STA via the radio interface
Packet Counter

WAN DL – Error Total count of packets received by the STA via the Ethernet interface
Drop Packet which were dropped due to data integrity error or RF error in the packet
Counter

LAN TX – Total Total count of packets transmitted out of the STA’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN TX – Error
Packet Counter

LAN TX – Dropped Total count of packets dropped prior to sending out of the STA’s
Packet Counter Ethernet interface due to Ethernet setup or filtering issues.

LAN TX – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits sent via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Counter

LAN TX – Multicast Total count of multicast packets sent via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN TX – Broadcast Total count of broadcast packets sent via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN RX – Total Total count of packets received by the STA’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Packet Counter

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Attribute Meaning

LAN RX – Error Total count of packets received by the STA’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Packet Counter containing errors

LAN RX – Dropped Total count of packets dropped after receipt by the STA’s Ethernet
Packet Counter interface due to Ethernet setup or filtering issues.

LAN RX – Total Kbit Total count of kilobits received via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN) interface
Counter

LAN RX – Multicast Total count of multicast packets received via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

LAN RX – Broadcast Total count of broadcast packets received via the STA’s Ethernet (LAN)
Packet Counter interface

STA System Status page

Use the System Status page to reference key system information.

Figure 45 STA System Status page

Table 74 STA System Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

Software Version Current operating version of software on the device. This listing is also
present on the GUI footer bar (which contains a hyperlink to download
new system software)

Hardware Version Board hardware version information

Date and Time Current date and time, subject to time zone offsets introduced by the
configuration of the device Time Zone parameter

System Uptime The total system uptime since the last device reset

MAC Address The hardware address of the device Ethernet (LAN) interface

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Attribute Meaning

DFS Status N/A: DFS operation is not required for the region configured in
parameter Country Code
Channel Availability Check: Prior to transmitting, the device must check
the configured Frequency Carrier for radar pulses for 60 seconds). If no
radar pulses are detected, the device transitions to state In-Service
Monitoring
In-Service Monitoring: Radio is transmitting and receiving normally
while monitoring for radar pulses which require a channel move
Radar Signal Detected: The receiver has detected a valid radar pulse
and is carrying out detect-and-avoid mechanisms (moving to an
alternate channel).
In-Service Monitoring at Alternative Channel: The radio has detected a
radar pulse and has moved operation to a frequency configured in DFS
Alternative Frequency Carrier 1 or DFS Alternative Frequency Carrier 2
System Not In Service due to DFS: The radio has detected a radar pulse
and has failed channel availability checks on all alternative frequencies.
The non-occupancy time for the radio frequencies in which radar was
detected is 30 minutes

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STA Wireless Status page

Use the Wireless Status page to reference key information about the radio’s wireless interface.

Figure 46 STA Wireless Status page

Table 75 STA Wireless Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

Connected AP SSID of the AP to which the STA is registered

Operating The current frequency at which the STA is transmitting and receiving
Frequency

Operating Channel The current channel size at which the STA is transmitting and receiving
Bandwidth

DL RSSI The Received Signal Strength Indicator, which is a measurement of the

power level being received by the STA’s antenna.

DL CINR The Carrier to Interference Noise Ratio, which is an expression of the

carrier signal quality with respect to signal noise and co-channel
interference (or both).

Transmitter Output The current power level at which the STA is transmitting
Power

Uplink MCS Mode Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
for the radio uplink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

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Attribute Meaning

Downlink MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme – indicates the modulation mode used
Mode for the radio downlink, based on radio conditions (MCS 1-7, 9-15)

Power Control Open Loop: In this mode, the STA will not receive any power change
Mode from the AP information in the Group Poll Frame. STA will calculate the UL transmit
power based on path loss calculations only.
Closed Loop: In closed loop UL power control, station will get the AP
actual transmit power of beacon frame and STA Target Received Power
Level in the beacon. Based on these two values, STA will calculate the
path loss. Based on path loss and TRL values it will calculate it’s transmit
power such that the signal from STA arrives at AP at the configured
target level. Path loss calculation will be updated by STA every time
there is a change in values of AP actual TX power or TRL in the Beacon.

Registered STA The total count of STAs which are currently registered to the STA
Count

Ethernet Interface Up: The Ethernet (LAN) interface is functioning properly

(LAN) Down: The Ethernet (LAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

Wireless Interface Up: The radio (WAN) interface is functioning properly

(WAN) Down: The radio (WAN) interface has encountered an error and is not
servicing traffic

STA Network Status page

Use the STA Network Status page to reference key information about the device network status.

Figure 47 STA Network Status page

Table 76 STA Network Status page attributes

Attribute Meaning

LAN Gateway IP The currently configured LAN Gateway IP address

Address

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Attribute Meaning

LAN MTU The currently configured Maximum Transmission Unit for the STA’s
Ethernet (LAN) interface. Larger MTU configurations can enable the
network to operate with greater efficiency, but in the case of
retransmissions due to packet errors, efficiency is reduced since large
packets must be resent in the event of an error.

STA System Log page

Use the STA System Log page to view the device system log and to download the logfile to the
accessing PC/devlce.

Figure 48 STA System Log page

Table 77 STA System Log attributes

Attribute Meaning

Display System Log Enabled: The system log file is displayed on the management GUI
on Web Interface Disabled: The system log file is hidden on the management GUI

Download full Use this button to download the full system log file to a connected
syslog file PC/device

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STA Tools menu

The STA Tools menu provides several options for upgrading device software, configuration
backup/restore, analyzing RF spectrum, testing device throughput, and running ping and
traceroute tests.
 STA Software Upgrade page on page 5-78
 STA Backup / Restore page on page 5-79
 STA Spectrum Analyzer page on page 5-80
 STA Throughput Test page on page 5-83
 STA Ping page on page 5-85
 STA Traceroute page on page 5-86

STA Software Upgrade page

Use the STA Software Upgrade page to update the device radio software to take advantage of new
software features and improvements.

Caution
Read the Release Notes associated with each software release.

Figure 49 STA Software Upgrade page

Table 78 STA Software Upgrade attributes

Attribute Meaning

Software Version The current operating software version

SW Upgrade Option From URL:

From Local File: Click Browse to select the local file containing the
software upgrade package

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Attribute Meaning

Software Upgrade
Source Info (IP,
Port, File)
Software Upgrade
Local File

To upgrade the device software, perform the following procedure:

Procedure:

1 Download the software upgrade packages from www.cambiumnetworks.com

2 On the device GUI, navigate to Tools, Software Upgrade

3 Select the SW Upgrade Option which represents the location of your software upgrade
packages
4 Based on the configuration of SW Upgrade Option, enter either the Software Upgrade
Source Info or click the Browse… button to locate the software package

5 Click Upgrade

6 When the upgrade is completed successfully, click the Reset icon

STA Backup / Restore page

Use the STA Backup/Restore page to reset the device to its factory default configuration.

Figure 50 STA Backup/Restore page

Table 79 STA Software Upgrade attributes

Attribute Meaning

Reset to Factory Use this button to reset the device to its factory default configuration
Default
Configuration Caution
A reset to factory default configuration resets all device parameters. The
STA will cease to transmit and any registered STAs will lose their
session.

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STA Spectrum Analyzer page

Use the STA Spectrum Analyzer page to configure STA spectrum analyzer parameters and to
download the spectrum analyzer tool.
To download the spectrum analyzer tool, the STA Device Mode must be set to Spectrum Analyzer.
Java Runtime Environment is required to run the STA spectrum analyzer.

Caution
Conducting spectrum analysis causes the STA to enter scan mode and the STA drops all RF
connections.
Vary the days and times when you analyze the spectrum in an area. The RF environment can
change throughout the day or throughout the week.

Figure 51 STA Spectrum Analyzer page

Table 80 STA Spectrum Analyzer attributes

Attribute Meaning

Min Power

Flip

After downloading the Spectrum analyzer, double-click the file csa.jnlp to run the tool.

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Figure 52 Spectrum Analyzer

To conduct a spectrum analysis using the STA, perform the following procedure:
Required Software:
 Java Run-time Environment (JRE)

Procedure:
1 On the STA GUI, navigate to Configure, System

2 Configure Device mode to Spectrum Analyzer

3 Click the Save button

4 Click the Reset button

5 Login to the STA GUI, then navigate to Tools, Spectrum Analyzer

6 Click Download Spectrum Analyzer Tool

7 Locate the folder to which the spectrum analyzer tool was saved, and double-click on file
csa.jnlp to launch the tool

8 If a security warning window is presented, tick the checkbox next to “I accept the risk and
want to run this application”

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9 In the security warning window, click Run

The spectrum analyzer interface is displayed

10 Click File, Settings and configure the following attributes:

Table 81 STA Spectrum Analyzer settings (located in File, Settings menu)

Attribute Meaning

Server IP Enter the IP address of the device which will be conducting the
spectrum scan

Buffer Size Enter the duration for which the device will scan the spectrum

Frequency Mode Enter the band which the device will scan

Range The range of frequencies to scan – this field may be configured vai
the Lower freq. and Upper freq. text input boxes or by the sliders
provided near the bottom of the dialogue window.

11 Click OK when configuration is complete

12 Click Connect to connect the spectrum analyzer application to the device

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13 Click Scan, Start or the Play button to begin scanning

When scanning is complete, perform the following procedure to return the device to STA
operation:

Procedure:
1 In the spectrum analyzer application, click Disconnect

2 Close the spectrum analyzer application by clicking File, Exit

3 Click the Save button

4 On the STA GUI, navigate to Configure, System

5 Configure Device Mode to STA

6 Click the Save button

7 Click the Reset button

STA Throughput Test page

Use the STA Throughput Test page to test the capacity of the link in its current operating
environment. When a throughput test is executed, the STA and STA send data at the maximum
rate based on the configuration provided.

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Caution
Conducting a throughput test floods the link with UDP traffic. This link flooding may impact
service for other STAs in the sector.

Figure 53 STA Throughput Test page

Table 82 STA Throughput Test attributes

Attribute Meaning

Connected STA IP Enter the management IP address of the STA with which the throughput
Address test will be conducted

Throughput Test Uni-Direction: The throughput test will be conducted on the uplink only
Direction Bi-Direction: The throughput test will be conducted on the uplink then on
the downlink

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Throughput Test Small (128 bytes): The throughput test will be conducted by sending
Packet Size packets of size 128 bytes. Running a throughout test with a small packet
size is very CPU intensive, and maximum achievable throughput may
not result.
Medium (800 bytes): The throughput test will be conducted by sending
packets of size 800 bytes.
Large (Current IP MTU): The throughput test will be conducted by
sending packets sized at the configured MTU. Conducting throughput
tests with larger packet sizes gives a better indicator of maximum
achievable link throughput.

Throughput Test Short (2 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for two seconds
Time Duration Medium (5 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for five seconds
Long (10 sec): The throughput test will send traffic for ten seconds

Throughput Test UL: The total latency from the STA device to the AP device
Latency DL: The total latency from the AP device to the STA device

Throughput Test DL The average throughput of the AP to STA link.

Throughput
Note
This value may be lowered if other sector traffic exists.

Throughput Test UL The average throughput of the STA to AP link.

Throughput
Note
This value may be lowered if other sector traffic exists.

STA Ping page

Use the STA Ping page to conduct a simple test of STA IP connectivity to other devices which are
reachable from the network. If no ping response is received or if “Destination Host Unreachable”
is reported, the target may be down, there may be no route back to the STA, or there may be a
failure in the network hardware (i.e. DNS server failure).

Page 5-85
Chapter 5: Configuration Using the STA menu options

Figure 54 STA Ping page

Table 83 STA Ping attributes

Attribute Meaning

IP Address Enter the IP address of the ping target

Number of packets Enter the total number of ping requests to send to the target
(-c)

Buffer size (-s) Enter the number of data bytes to be sent

TTL (-t) Set the IP Time-To-Live (TTL) for multicast packets. This flag applies if
the ping target is a multicast address

STA Traceroute page

Use the STA Traceroute page to display the route (path) and associated diagnostics for IP
connectivity between the STA and the destination specified.

Page 5-86
Chapter 5: Configuration Using the STA menu options

Figure 55 STA Traceroute page

Table 84 STA Traceroute attributes

Attribute Meaning

IP Address Enter the IP address of the target of the traceroute diagnostic

Fragmentation (-F) ON: Allow source and target to fragment probe packets
OFF: Do not fragment probe packets (on source or target)

Trace method (-l) ICMP ECHO: Use ICMP ECHO for traceroute probes
UDP: Use UDP for traceroute probes

Display TTL (-l) ON: Display TTL values for each hop on the route
OFF: Suppress display of TTL values for each hop on the route

Verbose (-v) ON: ICMP packets other than TIME_EXCEEDED and UNREACHABLE are
displayed in the output
OFF: Suppress display of extraneous ICMP messaging

Page 5-87
 Index Operation and Troubleshooting

Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting

This chapter provides instructions for operators of ePMP networks. The following topics are
described in this chapter:
 General Planning for Troubleshooting on page 6-2
 Upgrading device software on page 6-4
 Testing hardware on page 6-5
 Troubleshooting the radio link on page 6-8
 Using the device external reset button on page 6-10
 Resetting the AP or STA to factory defaults by power cycling on page 6-11

Page 6-1
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting General Planning for Troubleshooting

General Planning for Troubleshooting

Effective troubleshooting depends in part on measures that you take before you experience
trouble in your network. Cambium recommends the following measures for each site:

Procedure:

1 Identify troubleshooting tools that are available at your site (such as a protocol analyzer).

2 Identify commands and other sources that can capture baseline data for the site. These may
include:
 Ping
 tracert or traceroute
 Throughput Test results
 Throughput data
 Configure GUI page captures
 Monitor GUI page captures
 Session logs

3 Start a log for the site, including:

 Operating procedures
 Site-specific configuration records
 Network topology
 Software releases
 Types of hardware deployed
 Site-specific troubleshooting process
 Escalation procedures

General Fault Isolation Process

Effective troubleshooting also requires an effective fault isolation methodology that includes
 attempting to isolate the problem to the level of a system, subsystem, or link, such as
o AP to STA
o AP to CMM
o AP to GPS
o CMM to GPS
o power
 researching System Logs of the involved equipment.
 answering the questions listed in the following section.

Page 6-2
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting General Planning for Troubleshooting

 reversing the last previous corrective attempt before proceeding to the next.
 performing only one corrective attempt at a time.

Questions to Help Isolate the Problem

When a problem occurs, attempt to answer the following questions:

1 What is the history of the problem?

 Have we changed something recently?
 Have we seen other symptoms before this?

2 How wide-spread is the symptom?

 Is the problem on only a single STA? (If so, focus on that STA.)
 Is the problem on multiple STAs? If so
o is the problem on one AP in the cluster? (If so, focus on that AP)
o is the problem on multiple, but not all, APs in the cluster? (If so, focus on those
APs)
o is the problem on all APs in the cluster? (If so, focus on the CMM and the GPS
signal.)

3 Based on data in the System Log

 is intermittent connectivity indicated? (If so, verify your configuration, power level, CINR,
cables and connections, and the speed duplex of both ends of the link).
 does the problem correlate to loss-of-sync events?

4 Are connections made via shielded cables?

5 Does the GPS antenna have an unobstructed view of the entire horizon?

Page 6-3
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Upgrading device software

Upgrading device software

To take advantage of new features and software improvements for the ePMP system, monitor the
Cambium Networks PMP Software website:
http://support.cambiumnetworks.com/pmp/software/index.php

To upgrade the device software (AP or STA), perform the following procedure:

Procedure:

1 Log in to the device GUI via the management IP

2 Navigate to page Tools, Software Upgrade

3 Set SW Upgrade Option to From URL to pull the software file from a network software server, or
select From Local File to upload a file from the accessing device.

4 If From URL is selected, enter the server IP address, server port, and file path. If From Local File is
selected, click Browse… launch the file selection dialogue

5 Click Upgrade

Caution
Do not power off the unit in the middle of an upgrade process.

6 Once the software upgrade is complete, click the Reset icon.

Page 6-4
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Testing hardware

Testing hardware

This section describes how to test the hardware when it fails on startup or during operation.
Before testing hardware, confirm that all outdoor cables, that is those that connect the AP or STA
to equipment inside the building, are of the supported type, as defined in Ethernet cabling on page
2-38

Checking the power supply LED

When the power supply is connected to the main power supply, the expected LED behavior is:
 The Power (green) LED illuminates steadily.
If the expected LED operation does not occur, or if a fault is suspected in the hardware, check the
LED states and choose the correct test procedure:
 Power LED is off on page 6-5
 Ethernet LED is off on page 6-5

Power LED is off

Meaning: Either the power supply is not receiving power from the AC/DC outlet, or there is a
wiring fault in the unit.
Action: Remove the AP/STA cable from the PSU and observe the effect on the Power LED. If the
Power LED does not illuminate, confirm that the mains power supply is working, for example,
check the plug. If the power supply is working, report a suspected power supply fault to Cambium
Networks.

Ethernet LED is off

Meaning: There is no Ethernet traffic between the AP/STA and power supply.
Action: The fault may be in the LAN or AP/STA cable:
 Remove the LAN cable from the power supply, examine it and confirm it is not faulty.
 If the PC connection is working, remove the AP/STA cable from the power supply, examine it,
and check that the wiring to pins 1&2 and 3&6 is correct and not crossed.

Page 6-5
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Testing hardware

Test Ethernet packet errors reported by AP/STA

Log into the AP or STA and click Monitor, Performance. Click Reset System Counters at the bottom
of the page and wait until LAN RX – Total Packet Counter has reached 1 million. If the counter
does not increment or increments too slowly, because for example the ePMP system is newly
installed and there is no offered Ethernet traffic, then abandon this procedure and consider using
the procedure Test ping packet loss on page 6-6.
Check the LAN RX – Error Packet Counter statistic. The test has passed if this is less than 10.

Test Ethernet packet errors reported by managed switch or router

If the AP/STA is connected to a managed Ethernet switch or router, it may be possible to monitor
the error rate of Ethernet packets. Please refer to the user guide of the managed network
equipment. The test has passed if the rate of packet errors reported by the managed Ethernet
switch or router is less than 10 in 1 million packets.

Test ping packet loss

Using a computer, it is possible to generate and monitor packets lost between the power supply
and the AP/STA. This can be achieved by executing the Command Prompt application
which is supplied as standard with Windows and Mac operating systems.

Caution
This procedure disrupts network traffic carried by the AP or STA under test:

Procedure:

1 Ensure that the IP address of the computer is configured appropriately for connection to
the AP or STA under test, and does not conflict with other devices connected to the network.

2 If the power supply is connected to an Ethernet switch or router then connect the computer to
a spare port, if available.

3 If it is not possible to connect the computer to a spare port of an Ethernet switch or router,
then the power supply will need to be disconnected from the network in order to execute this
test:
 Disconnect the power supply from the network.
 Connect the computer directly to the LAN port of the power supply.

4 On the computer, open the Command Prompt application.

5 Send 1000 ping packets of length 1500 bytes. The process will take 1000 seconds, which is
approximately 17 minutes.
If the computer is running a Windows operating system, this is achieved by typing (for an IPv6
address, use the ping6 command):
ping –n 1000 –l 1500 <ipaddress>
where <ipaddress> is the IP address of the AP or STA under test.

Page 6-6
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Testing hardware

If the computer is running a MAC operating system, this is achieved by typing:

ping –c 1000 –s 1492 <ipaddress>
where <ipaddress> is the IP address of the AP/STA under test.
6 Record how many Ping packets have been lost. This is reported by Command Prompt on
completion of the test.
The test has passed if the number of lost packets is less than 2.

Page 6-7
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting the radio link

Troubleshooting the radio link

This section describes how to test the link when there is no radio communication, when it is
unreliable, or when the data throughput rate is too low. It may be necessary to test both the AP
and the STA.

Module has lost or does not establish radio connectivity

If there is no wireless activity, proceed as follows:

Procedure:

1 Check that the AP and STAs are configured with the same Frequency Carrier. Also, if
operating in a region where DFS is required, ensure that the STA’s Frequency Carrier List
contains the frequencies configured in the AP’s DFS Alternate Frequency Carrier 1 and DFS
Alternate Frequency Carrier 2 fields.

2 Check that the Channel Bandwidth is configured the same at the AP and at the STA
3 On the AP, verify that the Max Range setting is configured to a distance slightly greater than
the distance between the AP and the furthest STA that must register to the AP.

4 Check that the AP’s Synchronization Source is configured properly based on the network
configuration.

5 Verify the authentication settings on the AP and STA. if Authentication Type is set to WPA2,
verify that the Pre-shared Key matches between the AP and the STA Preferred AP List

6 Check that the software at each end of the link is the same version.

7 Check that the desired AP’s SSID is configured in the STA Preferred AP List.

8 On the STA, check the DL RSSI and DL CINR values. Verify that for the STA installed distance,
that the values are consistent with Table 36 5 GHz threshold, power and link loss on page 4-
12.

9 Check Tx Power on the AP and STA

10 Check that the link is not obstructed or the AP/STA misaligned.

11 Check the DFS status page (Monitor, System Status) at each end of the link and establish that
there is a quiet wireless channel to use.

12 If there are no faults found in the configuration and there is absolutely no wireless signal,
retry the installation procedure.

13 If this does not work then report a suspected AP/STA fault to Cambium Networks.

Page 6-8
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting the radio link

Link is unreliable or does not achieve data rates required

If there is some activity but the link is unreliable or does not achieve the data rates required,
proceed as follows:

Procedure:

1 Check that the interference has not increased by monitoring the uplink and downlink CINR
values reported in the AP page Monitor, Wireless Status

2 Check that the RSSI values reported at the AP an STA are proper based on the distance of the
link – see Table 36 5 GHz threshold, power and link loss on page 4-12.

3 Check that the path loss is low enough for the communication rates required.

4 Check that the AP or STA has not become misaligned.

5 Review your Quality of Service configuration and ensure that traffic is properly classified and
prioritized.

Module Has Lost or Does Not Gain GPS Synchronization

To troubleshoot a loss of sync, perform the following steps.

Procedure:

1 If the AP is receiving synchronization via CMM, verify that the CMM is properly receiving sync
via its attached GPS antenna (see PMP Synchronization Solutions User Guide).

2 If the CMM is receiving GPS synchronization pulses, verify that the AP’s Synchronization
Source is set to CMM and that the AP’s GPS status bar icon is lit green.

3 If the AP is receiving synchronization via its internal GPS module and an external GPS
antenna, verify the cabling from the AP to the GPS antenna, and verify that the AP’s
Synchronization Source is set to GPS.

Page 6-9
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Using the device external reset button

Using the device external reset button

ePMP APs and STAs feature an external button which serves two purposes:
 To reset the device (briefly depress the button for more than two seconds but less than ten
seconds then release)

Caution
If the reset button is pressed for more than ten seconds, the device will reset back to its factory
default configuration

 To reset the device to its factory default configuration (depress the button for more than ten
seconds then release)

AP Reset Button STA Reset Button

Page 6-10
Chapter 6: Operation and Troubleshooting Resetting the AP or STA to factory defaults by power
cycling

Resetting the AP or STA to factory defaults by power

cycling

Operators may reset an AP or STA to default factory configuration by a sequence of power cycling
(removing power to the device. This procedure allows operators to perform a factory default reset
without a tower climb or additional tools.

Procedure:

1 Remove the AP or STA’s Ethernet cable from the power supply, then reconnect the Ethernet
cable to re-supply power to the AP or STA device. Keep the device powered on between two
and six seconds, then continue to step 2 (1st power cycle)

2 Remove the AP or STA’s Ethernet cable from the power supply, then reconnect the Ethernet
cable to re-supply power to the AP or STA device. Keep the device powered on between two
and six seconds, then continue to step 3 (2nd power cycle)

3 Remove the AP or STA’s Ethernet cable from the power supply, then reconnect the Ethernet
cable to re-supply power to the AP or STA device. Keep the device powered on between two
and six seconds, then continue to step 4 (3rd power cycle)

4 Remove the AP or STA’s Ethernet cable from the power supply, then reconnect the Ethernet
cable to re-supply power to the AP or STA device. Keep the device powered on between two
and six seconds, then continue to step 5 (4th power cycle)

5 After the 4th power cycle, the radio is reset to its factory default configuration

Page 6-11
 Index Operation and Troubleshooting

Glossary

Term Definition
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
ANSI American National Standards Institute
AP Access Point
CINR Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio
CMM Cluster Management Module
CNSS Cambium Network Services Server
DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMD Electromagnetic Discharge
ETH Ethernet
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FEC Forward Error Correction
GPS Global Positioning System
GUI Graphical User Interface
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
IC Industry Canada
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IP Internet Protocol
LAN Local Area Network
LED Light Emitting Diode
LOS Line of Sight
MIMO Multiple In Multiple Out
nLOS Near Line of Sight

Page I
Glossary

NTP Network Time Protocol

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
PC Personal Computer
PMP Point to Multipoint
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keyed
RF Radio Frequency
RMA Return Merchandise Authorization
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
RTTT Road Transport and Traffic Telematics
RX Receive
SAR Standard Absorption Rate
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
STA Station
SW Software
TDD Time Division Duplex
TDWR Time Division Duplex
TX Transmit
UNII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
URL Uniform Resource Locator
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

Page II