Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge Ordinary Level

* 2 8 0 3 2 8 7 6 1 4 *

CHEMISTRY 5070/21
Paper 2 Theory May/June 2017
1 hour 30 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.

Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 20 printed pages.

DC (CW/SW) 129228/4
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
 2

Section A

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Choose from the following oxides to answer the questions.

calcium oxide
carbon dioxide
copper(II) oxide
silicon dioxide
sodium oxide
sulfur dioxide
sulfur trioxide
zinc oxide

Each oxide can be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which oxide

(a) has a giant covalent structure,

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) reacts with both acids and alkalis,

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) reacts with water to form a strong acid,

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) contains a cation with a charge of +1?

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 4]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 3

A2 (a) Atoms and ions contain three types of sub-atomic particle.

Complete the table about these sub-atomic particles.

sub-atomic particle relative charge relative mass

electron
neutron 1
proton +1
[3]

(b) The table shows some information about six particles.

number of number of number of

particle
protons in particle neutrons in particle electrons in particle
A 37 48 37
B 53 74 54
C 92 143 92
D 92 143 89
E 92 146 92
F 94 150 92

(i) What is the nucleon number for particle A?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Explain why particle B is a negative ion.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Which two atoms are isotopes of the same element?

........................... and ...........................

Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 7]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 4

A3 Acids are neutralised by alkalis.

(a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Sodium sulfate is a soluble salt that can be prepared using a titration method.

(i) Name a sodium compound and the acid that can be used to make sodium sulfate by this
method.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Describe how the titration method is used to prepare a colourless solution of
sodium sulfate.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(iii) Describe how a sample of pure sodium sulfate crystals can be made from aqueous
sodium sulfate.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 5

(c) Aqueous sodium sulfate can be used to prepare barium sulfate.

Ba2+(aq) + SO42–(aq) BaSO4(s)

In an experiment, 20.0 cm3 of 0.550 mol / dm3 of barium nitrate was added to excess aqueous
sodium sulfate.

(i) Calculate the maximum mass of barium sulfate that could be made.

[The relative formula mass of BaSO4 is 233.]

maximum mass of barium sulfate = ....................................................... g [2]

(ii) A mass of 1.92 g of dry barium sulfate was obtained. Calculate the percentage yield of
barium sulfate.

percentage yield of barium sulfate = ...................................................... % [1]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 6

A4 Calcium chloride, CaCl2, is an ionic compound.

(a) State the electronic configuration for each of the ions in calcium chloride.

calcium ion ................................................................................................................................

chloride ion ...............................................................................................................................

[2]

(b) When molten calcium chloride is electrolysed, calcium and chlorine are formed.

Construct equations for the two electrode reactions.

reaction at the negative electrode

...................................................................................................................................................

reaction at the positive electrode

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Predict the products of the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous calcium chloride.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Explain, using ideas about structure and bonding, why calcium chloride has a high melting
point.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 7

PLEASE TURN OVER.

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 8

A5 Ethanol and butanol are both alcohols.

H H H H H H

H C C O H H C C C C O H

H H H H H H
ethanol butanol

(a) Describe the manufacture of ethanol from ethene.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Ethanol is used as a fuel and as a constituent of alcoholic beverages.

(i) State one other use of ethanol.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Construct an equation to show the incomplete combustion of ethanol.

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Ethanol can be oxidised to form ethanoic acid.

Name a reagent that can be used for this oxidation.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Draw the structure of an alcohol that is an isomer of butanol.

Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.

[1]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 9

(e) Butanol can be converted into an alkene by loss of a molecule of water.

Draw the structure of the alkene formed.

Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.

[1]

(f) Butene can be polymerised to give poly(butene).

(i) What type of polymerisation occurs?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Poly(butene) is non-biodegradable.

What does the term non-biodegradable mean?

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 10

A6 Photosynthesis is a reaction that occurs in the leaves of green plants.

Carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen.

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

The reaction is endothermic and is catalysed by enzymes.

(a) Draw an energy profile diagram for photosynthesis using the axes shown.

Label
• the axes,
• the enthalpy change,
• the reactants and products.

[3]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 11

(b) (i) What is an enzyme?

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) State the effect of enzymes on reactions.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Explain why the rate of photosynthesis increases as the temperature increases.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 7]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 12

Section B

Answer three questions from this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 30.

B7 Copper reacts with concentrated nitric acid.

Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

(a) Suggest what you would observe when copper reacts with concentrated nitric acid.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) (i) Suggest the name of the salt of formula Cu(NO3)2.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Copper is oxidised when it reacts with concentrated nitric acid.

Use the equation to explain that copper has been oxidised.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) An excess of copper is added to 25.0 cm3 of 16.0 mol / dm3 HNO3.

Use this information, together with the equation above, to calculate the volume of NO2 formed.

The gas volume is measured at room temperature and pressure.

volume of NO2 = ...........................................................[3]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 13

(d) When heated, Cu(NO3)2 decomposes to form CuO, NO2 and O2.

Construct the equation for this reaction.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) To a sample of Cu(NO3)2(aq), a student adds aqueous ammonia drop by drop until it is in
excess.

(i) Describe what is observed.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) The student repeats the experiment but adds aqueous sodium hydroxide instead of
aqueous ammonia.

Describe what is observed.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 14

B8 Iodine reacts with chlorine to form iodine(I) chloride, ICl.

I2 + Cl2 2ICl

Iodine(I) chloride reacts in a similar way to both iodine and chlorine.

(a) Sodium reacts with iodine(I) chloride.

Construct the equation for the reaction between sodium and iodine(I) chloride.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Iodine(I) chloride reacts with ethene.

Draw the structure of the product of this reaction.

Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.

[1]

(c) Iodine(I) chloride reacts with ethane in the presence of ultraviolet light.

Deduce the type of reaction that takes place and construct an equation for this reaction.

type of reaction .........................................................................................................................

equation ....................................................................................................................................
[2]

(d) Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram to show a molecule of iodine(I) chloride.

Only show the outer shell electrons.

[1]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 15

(e) Iodine(I) chloride reacts with chlorine to form iodine(III) chloride.

This reaction is investigated at 200 °C in a sealed container.

A dynamic equilibrium mixture is established.

ICl (g) + Cl2(g) ICl3(g)

ICl (g) is a dark brown gas.

ICl3(g) is a yellow gas.

(i) What is meant by the term dynamic equilibrium?

Refer to both rate of reaction and concentration in your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(ii) The pressure of the equilibrium mixture is increased.

The temperature is kept at 200 °C.

Predict and explain what will happen to the colour of the equilibrium mixture.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 16

B9 Neon, argon, krypton and xenon are four of the noble gases. They are monatomic elements.

(a) State a use of argon.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) What is meant by the term monatomic ?

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Explain why the noble gases are very unreactive.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Chemists have discovered that some noble gases can form compounds.

A 1.000 g sample of one of these compounds contains 0.549 g of xenon, 0.134 g of oxygen
and 0.317 g of fluorine.

(i) Calculate the empirical formula of this compound.

empirical formula ...........................................................[2]

(ii) What extra information is needed to deduce the molecular formula of this compound?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) Describe and explain how fractional distillation can be used to separate a mixture of neon,
argon, krypton and xenon.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 17

(f) A mixture of neon, argon, krypton and xenon can also be separated by diffusion.

Explain why.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

 18

B10 The table shows some information about the homologous series of unbranched carboxylic acids.

name structure boiling point / °C

methanoic acid HCO2H 101
ethanoic acid CH3CO2H 118
propanoic acid CH3CH2CO2H 141
butanoic acid CH3CH2CH2CO2H 164
pentanoic acid CH3CH2CH2CH2CO2H 186

(a) A homologous series has a general formula.

(i) Deduce the general formula for the homologous series of unbranched carboxylic acids.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Describe two other properties of a homologous series.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) An aqueous solution of propanoic acid is a weak acid.

(i) What is the meaning of the term weak acid ?

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Aqueous propanoic acid reacts with magnesium carbonate.

Construct the equation for this reaction.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 19

(c) Butanoic acid reacts with ethanol to make an ester.

Name and draw the structure of this ester. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds within
the ester linkage.

name .........................................................................................................................................

structure

[2]

(d) Ethanoic acid is a liquid at room temperature and has a boiling point of 118 °C.

Describe the changes in both the arrangement and movement of the molecules when
ethanoic acid is heated from room temperature to 120 °C.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 10]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2017 5070/21/M/J/17

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

© UCLES 2017
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
20

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

5070/21/M/J/17
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)