UNIT 1

SPEAKING
Talk about familt events
Talk about people in
your life
Role-play an interview
Create a new identity
LISTENING
Listen to someone
describing his family history
Listen to a set of
instructions and do a test

UNIT

1
Listen to a set of interviews
Watch a BBC documentary
about Second Life
READING
Read about a BBC
programme that reveals

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family histories
Read tips on successful

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WRITING
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Write an email of
introduction
E
Answer a questionnaire
BBC CONTENT
PL

Video podcast: What

does family mean to you?
DVD: The Money
M

Programme: Second Life

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identity

Who do you think you are? p8 Men and women p11 Tell me about yourself p14 Second Life p16
1.1 WHO DO YOU THINK YOU ARE? 1.1
GRAMMAR | question forms VOCABULARY | family HOW TO | talk about your family
GRAMMAR question forms
6A Read questions 1–6 from the interview. Answer
SPEAKING questions a)–e).
1 Do you know a lot about your family history?
1A Work in pairs. Take turns to find out as much as
2 Did you ever meet your great-grandparents?
you can about your partner. Talk about your family, job/
studies, home and likes/dislikes. 3 Where did your ancestors come from?
4 What happened to them?
B Introduce your partner to the class.
5 Which members of your family do you feel close to?
1 Who Do You Think You Are? is a BBC programme 4 Davina McCall, presenter of Big Brother, knows her 6 Who tells the best family stories?
VOCABULARY family that gets celebrities to research their family’s roots. mother’s side of the family is from France. She goes a) Underline the main verb in each question. (The first has
They find out about their ancestors, sometimes to Paris and finds out that her great-grandfather, been done for you.)
2A Match questions 1–10 with answers a)–j). travelling across the world to interview relatives. They Celestin Hennion, was famous throughout France as
1 Do you know a lot about your family history? b) Circle the auxiliary verbs. Which auxiliaries refer to the
discover that their family histories include every type head of the French police. He once received a medal
past? Which refer to the present?
2 Which do you know best: your mother’s or of person imaginable: heroes, liars, geniuses, soldiers, from King George V to say ‘thank you’ for organising
your father’s side of the family? inventors and even kings. security for the king’s trip to France in 1914. c) Which two questions are yes/no questions?

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3 Where did your ancestors come from? d) Which two questions end in a preposition: of, to, by, etc.?
2 In one episode, model Jodie Kidd learns that she is 5 Not everyone on the programme finds good news
4 Did you ever meet your great-grandparents? the great-granddaughter of newspaper owner Lord about their family history. Jerry Springer learns of a e) Which two questions use wh- words to refer to the
Beaverbrook, who was a politician during both world tragic story: his parents escaped Nazi Germany three subject (the person who does the action) and don’t use
5 Do you know most of your relatives? an auxiliary verb?
wars. Jodie also discovers that her great-grandfather on days before the start of World War II but other family

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6 Are you related to anyone famous?
her mother’s side of the family made a fortune from members died in the war. And Actress Kim Cattrall ➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK
7 Have you inherited any family characteristics? building ships during World War I and received letters discovers that her grandfather, from Liverpool, UK,
8 Who in your family do you take after? from the King of England and Winston Churchill. abandoned his family, including three young daughters. B 1.2 Listen to the questions above. Are the question

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9 Would you like to know more about your roots? He didn’t go far. Forty miles down the road in words (wh- words) in 3–6 said in a higher or a lower voice?
3 And on the subject of kings, Olympic athlete
10 Do you live with your extended family? Matthew Pinsent finds that he is related to Edward Manchester, he started another family. C Listen and shadow the questions (say them at the
I, one of the most famous kings in British history. 6 Finally, Nigella Lawson, a famous chef whose father same time).
a) Quite a lot. My parents told me a lot of stories
Another Olympic gold medallist, Colin Jackson, takes was a British politician, discovers that one of her
about my background.

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a DNA test and discovers that he is fifty-five percent relatives was a thief from the Netherlands. After being
b) Yes. I’m very shy, like my father and my older brothers. sub-Saharan African, thirty-eight percent European sentenced to prison, he escaped to England, which is
PRACTICE
c) I’d love to, but it’s difficult because my parents don’t often
talk about the past.
and seven percent American Indian. The last result how the Lawsons ended up in London. 7A Put the words in the correct order to make

PL
comes as quite a surprise! questions.
d) Yes, I live with my immediate family and my grandparents.
1 do / every / your / family / you / day / see / ?
e) No, there are no celebrities in the family!
2 your / anything / did / teach / grandparents / you / ?
f ) They came from Lagos, in Nigeria.
3 remembers / who / always / birthday / your / ?
g) I know about half of them. The others live in New Zealand
and I’ve never met them.
M 4 read / taught / to / you / who / ?
h) My father’s. I grew up next door to his sister’s family. 5 do / do / you / relax / what / to / ?
i) My mother. We look alike and we have similar characters. 6 holiday / do / next / to / you / want / go / on / your /
where / ?
j) No. Unfortunately, they died before I was born.
SA
7 words / you / what / describe / three / ?
B Work in groups. Discuss questions 1–10. 8 happy / what / you / makes / ?
➠ page 148 VOCABULARYBANK 9 knows / best / you / who / ?
10 did / speak / first / when / English / you / ?
A Colin Jackson B Matthew Pinsent C Jodie Kidd D Davina McCall E Kim Cattrall F Nigella Lawson
READING B Choose three of the questions to ask other students.
3A Who Do You Think You Are? is a BBC programme
that gets celebrities to research their family’s roots. What D Underline words or phrases in the text that match
LISTENING SPEAKING
kind of things do you think they discover? meanings 1–5 below.
1 a lot of money (paragraph 2) 5A 1.1 Listen to an interview with a man describing his
8A Write four dates, four names and four places that
B Read the text to find out. are connected with your family.
2 someone who won a gold medal in sport (paragraph 3) family history. Which family members does he talk about?
C Read the text again and answer the questions. Dates: 7 May 2008 – My son was born.
1 Who has a royal ancestor?
3 making arrangements so someone is safe (paragraph 4) B Listen again and answer the questions.
4 extremely sad (paragraph 5) 1 How many of his great-grandparents and grandparents Names:
2 Who has a relative who was a policeman?
5 left someone (or something) in a bad condition did he meet? Places:
3 Who has roots in three continents?
(paragraph 5) 2 Where did his father’s family come from?
4 Who has a relative who started a second family?
6 given a punishment for a crime (paragraph 6) 3 What three types of job did most of his ancestors do? B Work in groups. Take turns to explain what you wrote.
5 Who has an ancestor who built boats? As you listen, think of questions to ask afterwards.
4 How many people are in his ‘immediate family’?
6 Who has a criminal relative? 4 Work in pairs and discuss. Would you like to be on the
programme? Why/Why not? 5 Who does he think tells the best family stories?

8 9
1.1 1.2
MEN AND WOMEN
GRAMMAR | review of verb tenses VOCABULARY | relationships HOW TO | talk about people in your life
WRITING emails of introduction 10 Read the five stages of email writing below. Do the
emails in Exercise 9B follow all the stages?
9A When do you need to write a letter or email to 1 Aim for your audience: think about who you are writing
introduce yourself? Which of these things have you done to. Is the email formal or informal? SPEAKING
or will you do in the future? 2 Be brief: try not to use too many words. Emails shouldn’t
• apply for a job/course go on for pages.
1A Work in groups and discuss. Do you think male and
female brains are different? How? What are the stereotypes
• arrange to meet someone for the first time 3 Communicate clearly: use simple, clear language and
of men and women in your country?
simple sentence structure.
B Read the emails. Why are the people writing? Which 4 Do two drafts: write a first version and then rewrite. B Read the BBC blog and discuss the points you agree/
sentences tell us? disagree with. Can you think of any opinions to add?
5 Edit everything: check grammar, vocabulary, spelling and
To: CTEBS committee punctuation before sending.
Subject: introductions GRAMMAR review of verb tenses
Dear Colleagues, LEARN TO write formal and informal emails 2A Match the underlined verbs below with the tenses a)–d).
As you probably know, next month I will start work
11A Look at the emails in Exercise 9B again. Which one 1 Scientists recently discovered that there are seventy-eight
as the new director of the Teacher Education
genetic differences.
Programme. For those of you who don’t know me, is formal and which is informal? How do you know?

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I would like to take this opportunity to introduce 2 Men can’t remember what they were wearing yesterday.
myself. Since 2006, I have worked at the School of
B Answer questions 1–4 with formal (F) or informal (I). 3 Women hide things in cupboards.
Education at Sidis University. My specialisation is in 1 Which email uses full forms of verbs (I am, I would)
4 A baby is crying.
maths and science, and I have been involved in a instead of contractions (I’m and I’d)?
a) present simple b) present continuous

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number of teacher education projects in these fields. 2 Which email leaves out words (e.g. Hope to … instead of
I hope to …)? c) past simple d) past continuous
I look forward to working with you.
3 Which email sounds more like spoken English? B Complete the rules with the correct tenses a)–d).
Yours sincerely,

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4 Which email uses longer, more complex sentences? Scientists recently discovered that
Nicholas Collett Rules: there are seventy-eight genetic
C Complete the notes with phrases from the email. 1 We use for actions, events or situations that differences between men and women.
Greeting (formal): 1__________. are finished.
To: maxperkin@[Link]
BBC Online News readers suggest what

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Subject: hi! (informal): Hi/Hello. 2 We use for things that are going on at a
Opening line (formal): I am writing to … particular moment in the present. those differences might be.
Hi Max,
How are you? Zeinab told me it’d be OK to write to (Informal): 2__________. 3 We use for habits, routines and things that are Women have a multi-tasking gene. Men can

PL
you at this email address. My name’s Julia. I was at Introduction (formal): I would like to take this 3__________. always true. never prepare dinner so that everything is ready
school with Zeinab years ago. I’m coming to Leeds for 4 We use when someone was in the middle of at the same time.
(informal): My name’s …
a week at the end of May. She told me you’d be able an action at a particular moment in the past.
Final message (formal): I look forward to … Men like to have all their stuff (DVDs, CDs)
to show me some of the sights and help me find my on show to impress their friends. Women hide
(informal): 4__________. C Read about state verbs and underline three examples in the
way around. It’d be great if we could meet. Hope to things in cupboards.
Goodbye (formal): 5__________. blog opposite.
hear from you soon.
All the best,
(informal): All the best.
M Rule: Some verbs are not usually used in the continuous, e.g. want,
Women have an ability to make men think they
are in charge.
Julia :) 12 Read the situations below and write the emails. like, remember, understand, know. These are called ‘state verbs’.
SA
Think about who you are writing to, the reason for Men refuse to pay more than £5 for a haircut
writing and if you need to use a formal or informal style. ➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK because it’s not that important.

Situation 1 A baby is crying, a dog is barking, a doorbell

PRACTICE is ringing. It doesn’t matter: the man of
Next week you start a new job as Project Manager for 3A Read the personal profile and put the words in brackets the house is sleeping. Men can sleep through
a publishing company. Your job is to start new book into the correct tense. anything. Women can’t.
projects and organise teams to work on the projects.
Write to your new colleagues. Introduce yourself. My name is Matsuko Tamazuri. I am twenty-three and I 1 A man can choose and buy a pair of shoes in
(be) a student. I study French and Spanish at university in Osaka, 90 seconds over the internet.
Situation 2 where I 2 (grow up), but at the moment I 3
Women know what to do when someone starts
(learn) English in New York. When I first 4 (get) here,
to cry.
You are going to Sydney, Australia, for the first time. everything 5 (seem) different: the food, the clothes and
Your brother’s friend, Tom, lives there. You’ve never the weather. Now I 6 (enjoy) it and it feels like home! I Women remember every outfit they’ve worn
met Tom. You want him to show you around the city. have a boyfriend called Josh. I 7 (meet) him three weeks for the past twenty years. Men can’t remember
Write to Tom. Introduce yourself, and say when you ago when I 8 (look) for an internet café! My hobbies what they were wearing yesterday without
9 (be) surfing the net and singing. I 10 (sing)
are coming and what you want to do. looking on the floor.
every day, usually in the bathroom!
Men speak in sentences. Women speak in
B Work in pairs. Ask questions and write your partner’s paragraphs.
personal profile. Use the profile above to help.

10 11
1.2 1.2

LISTENING VOCABULARY relationships VOCABULARY PLUS collocations

4A Read the description of a BBC TV
documentary and answer the questions.
6A Work in pairs. Look at the words in the box and answer the questions. 8A Work in pairs and do the quiz opposite. What Women
1 What is the aim of the documentary?
2 Whose lives does it follow? For how long?
boss and employee classmates partner team-mates member
godfather and godmother mentor and pupil fiancée and fiancé
B Turn to page 158 and read the text to check
your answers. Really Think
9A Look at the quiz again. Find and circle five
3 What is the purpose of the test? 1 Which pair works together? boss and employee expressions using take, get, do and go. Stella magazine commissioned YouGov,
2 Which pair promises to help guide a child through life? B Write the expressions in italics in the correct a research agency, to interview over
Child of Our Time
3 Which pair is going to get married? places in the word webs below.
Child of Our Time is a BBC 1,000 women in the UK about what
4 Which pair involves one person learning from the other? 1 on a diet, home, off something, for a drink/a walk/a
documentary that aims to discover meal, grey
they really think. How do you think
5 Which word describes people who play in the same sports team?
what makes us who we are. The
6 Which word describes people who go to the same class?
they responded?
programme follows the lives of on a diet (start something)
7 Which word describes a person who is part of a club?
twenty-five children and their (become)
families for a period of twenty years.
8 Which word is a general word for ‘someone who you do something with’?
Go (move to a place) 1 How many women in the UK would prefer to have
a male boss?

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During the series, the children and B Work in groups and discuss. (for a (noun) (a) less than 30%
their parents do a number of tests. 1 Do you associate the roles with men or women or both? (other expressions) (b) about 50%
In this programme, they do a test 2 Do you think men and women are different in the roles? How? (c) over 70%
2 responsibility for, after someone, part in something,
to discover whether a male brain is I think women bosses are often less aggressive than male bosses and they

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a taxi
different from a female brain and
how this affects our character and
are better at listening.
(go in a vehicle)
2 How
past?
many women have gone on a diet in the

C 1.6 Listen to six sentences. Number the words in Exercise 6A in (a) 20%
abilities.

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the order that you hear them. (join in) (b) between 35% and 45%
Take
(phrasal verbs) (c) over 50%
D Six of the words have two syllables. Find the words and underline the (other expressions)
B 1.3 Take a piece of paper, listen stressed syllable. Say the words aloud, putting the stress on the correct
to Parts 1 and 2 and follow the test syllable. 3 married, a job/degree, on with someone, here 3 How many women spend more than seven hours
a week doing exercise?

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instructions. (a) 4%
speakout TIP (become) (b) 15%
C 1.4 Listen to the explanation in Part
Remember: most two-syllable words in English have the stress on the first (obtain) (c) 30%

PL
3. Turn to page 158 and check your picture. Get
syllable. Hold a hand under your chin. Say the word slowly. The jaw (the (go somewhere)
How many parts did your bike have?
4 What is the biggest challenge for women today?
bottom part of your chin) drops more on the stressed syllable. (phrasal verbs)
Could it work? Does it have a person on it?
Compare your picture with other students’.
4 exercise, research, housework, someone a favour (a) staying healthy
D 1.5 Listen to people discussing
SPEAKING (b) making enough money
their pictures of the bicycle. Who says
sentences 1–6? A man (M) or a woman
7A
M
Think about your own relationships. Prepare to talk about one man
and one woman in your life. Use the questions below to make notes. Do
(activity)
(responsibilities and tasks)
(c) balancing home and work life

(W)?
1 None of us got the chain, did we?
• Who are they? (find information)
(help someone)
5 What do women think is the best age to get
married?
SA
• What is their role in your life? (a) between 21 and 24
2 Pedals nor chains, so mine will never • How often do you see them?
➠ page 148 VOCABULARYBANK (b) between 25 and 29
work. (c) over 30
• How have they helped you and how have you helped them?
3 None of us drew a person.
I’m a member of a football club, and we meet every week. Our coach is SPEAKING
4 I’ve got a little bird on my handlebars,
though.
fantastic and he has helped our team a lot.
10A Think about your classmates. Write down 6 What do 59% of women think fathers should take
more responsibility for?
5 Yours is the most accurate one. B Tell other students about these relationships. the name of someone who: (a) their children
6 And you’ve got lights on yours. (b) doing the housework
• never gets angry.
(c) organising holidays
• does research for his/her job.
5 Discuss the questions.
• took a test in the last six months.
1 Was the explanation correct for you?
2 Do you agree with the presenter’s views
• went for a meal last weekend. 7 According
they do?
to women, how much housework do

• took up a new hobby recently. (a) more than 50%

about men and women?
• always gets here early. (b) over 75%
Women think people are important. • went for a walk today. (c) nearly all of it
Men, on the other hand, are more • got a new job recently.
interested in getting the machine right.
B Work in groups. Ask the other students to 8 How many women aged 45–54 met their
husbands through the internet?
check if they agree with your ideas. (a) 1%
(b) 9%
(c) 16%
12 13
1.3 TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF 1.3
FUNCTION | talking about yourself VOCABULARY | interview advice LEARN TO | use two-word responses
5A Read the extracts from audio 1.7. Underline the expressions that LEARN TO use two-word
introduce a question.
responses

5
Extract 1
tips to help you do T: OK. You’ve got a very good level of English so we’d put you in the 7A Match expressions 1–5 with
advanced class. Is there anything else? expressions a)–e).
well at interviews S: Could I ask a question?
Extract 2
1 Of course.
2 That’s right.

H
ow do you get into the university or the job of I: There are a couple of things I’d like to ask about. Your CV says you have
3 I see.
your dreams? Even before the interview, you some experience of looking after children?
4 No problem.
might need to catch someone’s attention. The A: Yes, I was a tutor on a summer camp last year.
5 Go ahead.
Dean of Admissions at Harvard University says I: Can I ask you about that? What type of things did you do?
he often receives flowers and chocolates from potential A: Um, well, I organised games. a) Please continue.
students. One student sent references every day for three b) You’re correct.
months. Eventually, he even sent a letter from his dentist Extract 3
I: I think that’s about it. Do you have any questions? Any queries? c) You’re welcome.
saying how nice his teeth were. He didn’t get an interview.
S: Um, yes, actually I do have a query. d) Yes, definitely.
For those of you who do make the interview stage, here e) I understand.

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I: Yes, go ahead.
are five top tips:
S: It’s about online classes at the university. B Which expressions are more formal:
1 Be prepared. Do some research about the university
or company so you know what questions to ask.
B Read the extracts below and underline the expressions that are used
to introduce an opinion.
1–5 or a)–e)? Which do you use regularly?
Read audio script 1.7 on page 164 to see

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how the expressions are used.
SPEAKING 2 Dress appropriately. You don’t have to dress smartly
but you should look clean. And don’t wear ‘bling’
Extract 1
S: I’ve studied English for many years and spent time in Britain, but that was
1A What type of interview can you see in the photo? (large pieces of jewellery). a few years ago. So for me the most important thing is to just refresh … SPEAKING

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Is it a/an:
• job interview?
3 Arrive on time. Fifteen minutes early is OK.
and try to remember my English and practise speaking and listening.
Extract 2
8A Work in pairs and role-play the
• interview for a place at university? 4 Shake hands firmly and make eye contact. First
impressions are important.
I: OK. And you enjoyed it?
A: Yes.
interview. Student A: read the instructions
below. Student B: turn to page 158.
• newspaper/magazine interview?

E
• interview for a talk show/other television programme? 5 Speak clearly and try to offer full answers rather than
short responses. This shows your enthusiasm.
I: What aspect, what part did you enjoy, would you say?
A: I suppose I’d have to say I liked the games best.
You work for a famous business school.
Student B wants to do a course at the
• police inquiry? school. Interview him/her. Use the following

PL
I: And any problems?
• placement interview for a language course? prompts and ask about:
A: Um, no.
• his/her reason for doing the course
B Look at the list of interview types above. Answer FUNCTION talking about yourself I: What about the different ages? We often find that different ages together
• his/her work experience
questions 1–3. can be difficult.
1 Which types of interview above have you experienced?
3 Read the text and answer the questions.
A: It depends. In my opinion, you can usually get the older children to help
• his/her expectations of the course
1 What type of things do people do to get an interview at
M the younger ones. • his/her plans for the future
2 Which will you experience in the future?
Harvard University?
3 Do you think it is possible to show ‘the real you’ in a short Extract 3 Prepare the questions. Remember to ask
2 What should you do before and during an interview? S: If I’m accepted, I saw that there are, that it’s possible to take some your partner why he/she is a good candidate
interview? Why/Why not?
courses online. for the school and, at the end, if he/she has
4A 1.7 Listen to three extracts from the audio and
SA
I: That’s right. any queries about the business school.
VOCABULARY interview advice answer the questions.
1 What types of interview are they? S: So I wouldn’t need to attend classes? B Change roles and role-play the
2A Work in pairs. Look at topics 1–3 below and match 2 Which interviewee doesn’t follow the five tips? What I: Not for the online courses. But … well, one thing I’d like to say is that the interview again.
them to the expressions in the box. does he/she do wrong? online courses are, in many ways, more difficult than face-to-face courses.

dress smartly 3 speak clearly answer briefly B Answer questions 1–6. Listen again to check. ➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK

shake hands firmly send references Interview 1 6 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences or questions.
arrive on time avoid eye contact do some research 1 What does the student want to practise? 1 query / I / a / have / do
show enthusiasm be prepared 2 What types of classes are in the afternoons? 2 I / a / could / question / ask / ?
Interview 2 3 like / couple / of / are / about / I’d / things / to / a / ask / there
1 Should do during an interview
3 What did the girl organise on the summer camp? 4 ask / you / I / can / that / about / ?
2 Shouldn’t do during an interview
4 What ‘can be difficult’, according to the interviewer? 5 true / this / opinion / my / isn’t / in
3 Might do before an interview
Interview 3 6 to / I’d / I / agree / have / say
5 What does the man want to know? 7 thing / that / like / I’d / one / say / is / to / is / course / the / difficult
B What else should/shouldn’t you do in an interview? 6 Why are online courses more difficult than face-to-face 8 is / thing / important / most / for / the / me / to / study
Think of as many things as you can in two minutes. courses, according to the interviewer?
You should try to ask questions.

14 15
1.4 SECOND LIFE

A D

DVD PREVIEW speakout create a new identity writeback answer a questionnaire

5A 1.8 Listen to someone talking about her avatar. 6A Read the questionnaire. Choose to be either
1A What can you do in Second Life? Do you think
Answer the questions. yourself or your new identity and write answers to the
the statements below are true?
1 Where did she hear about Second Life? questions. Write 1–2 sentences for each question.
1 In Second Life you can alter your appearance. C 2 What did she change about her appearance?
2 You can become more attractive than you actually are.
3 You can pick a different skin colour. B E
3 What job did she decide to do in Second Life? Who are you?
4 What is the ‘one thing that hasn’t changed’?
4 You can wear strange outfits. 1 What three words best describe you?
5 What type of building does she talk about? 2 What is your idea of perfect happiness?
5 You can socialise with people from different countries.
3 What possession is most important to you?
6 You can talk to other residents of Second Life. B Listen again and tick the key phrases you hear.
4 What is your greatest achievement?
7 You can make money in Second Life’s own currency. 5 What is your favourite sound, smell and taste?
Keyphrases
6 What do you like most about your lifestyle?
B Match the words in bold above with the words/

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(You can) create a different version of yourself. 7 What do you like least about your lifestyle?
phrases in the box. DVD VIEW I reinvented myself as a … 8 What do you always carry with you?
clothes type of money from one country 2 Watch the DVD and put pictures A–E in the correct I created a new image of myself. 9 Who would be your perfect dinner date? Why?
I didn’t change my appearance that much. 10 What’s your favourite month and why?
change beautiful meet and talk to order.

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11 If you could change one thing about the past,
choose people who live in one place One thing I decided to alter was my …
3A Match pictures A–E with sentences 1–5. what would it be?
1 Once you’ve created an account, you can create an One thing that hasn’t changed is … 12 If you could learn one new thing, what would it
C Read the programme information and check your avatar.

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My avatar is based on … be?
answers to Exercise 1A. 2 You can be female, male or even something called a
‘furry’: half-animal, half-human. C Create your own avatar. Complete your profile
B Share your answers with other students. Decide if
The Money 3 It turns out there are not a lot of unattractive people
in Second Life.
using the prompts below:
the other students’ answers are for themselves or

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Programme: Second Life 4 But it’s more fun flying, and with maps I can find
• name
• age
• nationality
• languages spoken
their avatar.

T his BBC programme investigates almost anything I want. • height • job and/or hobbies

PL
Second Life, a virtual world with its 5 You can go up to anyone and chat. • weight • favourite places to hang out
own communities. In Second Life, you • hair colour • would like to meet (type of people)
B Watch the DVD again to check. • eye colour • motto or personal philosophy
reinvent yourself: you choose a different
4 Work in groups and discuss. • clothes • one thing no one knows about you
name, change your appearance in any way
you want and get a new personality. What 1 Have you been in Second Life? If not, would you like
M D Talk to other students. Introduce your new
is more, Second Life is a world of endless to spend time there? (avatar) self. What do you have in common with
pleasure. You can go shopping, take English 2 What might you enjoy about Second Life? What would other avatars in the class?
classes, meet and chat to people from all over you not like about it?
the world, live in a perfect house on a magical 3 Why do you think people get addicted to Second Life?
SA
island and even make money. There’s only
one rule in Second Life: there are no rules!

16 17
1.5 LOOKBACK

FAMILY REVIEW OF VERB TENSES TALKING ABOUT YOURSELF

1A Complete the sentences with 3 Find and correct the mistakes. 5A Complete the conversations
the words in the box. Five of the underlined verbs are with the pairs of words in the box.
incorrect.
history inherited after query about like to to say
extended ancestors relative you about I ask thing I’d
great side roots related
12.10.09 query about
1 My parents told me about my I1was walking to work this morning 1 A: I have a the class. Do I have to
family history . bring a pen?
when I 2was seeing Mr Gonzalez, my
2 My probably came B: No, it’s a computer class.
old Spanish teacher. He 3was wearing
from the place where I was born. 2 A: Could a question? Where
a leather jacket and carrying a guitar.
3 I once met my
I 4ask him how he was. He said, ‘Fine. I does the tennis class meet?
-grandparents. 5go to my band practice.’ I said, ‘What
4 I take my mother, B: At the tennis courts.
especially my personality. band?’ He replied, ‘I 6don’t teach any
more. It 7wasn’t really the best job for 3 A: I’d have I’m not sure you’re
5 I know someone who
me. A few years ago I 8was starting a qualified. Why should we

IT
a house when their
parents died. band called The Big Easy. We 9don’t employ you for the library
6 My family’s are in make much money, but I 10’m liking position?
another country.
7 I have a living in
N
the lifestyle.’ I asked him where he
lived and he said, ‘I 11’m living in my
B: Because I’m good with children
U
Australia. and animals.
caravan at the moment. I 12travel a lot.
8 I know someone who is I’m a child of the 60s!’ 4 A: There are a couple of things I’d
to someone famous!
ask. Firstly, can you work on
E
9 I know my mother’s
of the family much better than my Saturdays?
PL

father’s. RELATIONSHIPS B: Is that at the weekend?

10 I have a very large
family: lots of cousins, nephews
4A Put the letters in the correct 5 A: One like to say is that you look
and nieces. order to find the names of twelve
good for your age. How old are
M

types of people.
B Tick the sentences that are true for 1 tomdogher you?
you. Compare with another student. 2 niface B: Thirty.
SA

3 ilupp
QUESTION FORMS 6 A: Can I ask your latest film,
4 nraterp
2A Find and correct the mistakes Philadelphia? Where is it set?
5 ceanife,
in the questions below. Three of the 6 breemm B: In Philadelphia.
questions are correct.
7 stamcasel B Work in pairs and write a
1 When you started studying English?
8 dethagorf conversation. Use the expressions in
2 Who did helped you to learn
9 sobs Exercises 5 and 7 on page 15 to help.
English?
10 emeyloep C Work in groups and take turns to
3 Do you be enjoy learning languages?
11 trenom perform your conversations.
4 Did you to learn anything
important from your teachers? 12 maatteme
5 What annoys you about your job B Work in pairs. Which of these VIDEO PODCAST
or your studies?
people do you know or have? Download the video
6 In your job or studies, is there Which of these are you? podcast and view
anything you are not happy?
I have a fiancée. We’re getting people describing
7 When you imagine the perfect married next summer. their family and what
career, what do you think of? ‘family’ means to
I’m a member of a gym.
8 What keeps you awake at night? them.
iews
ic BB C interv
B Work in pairs. Choose four of the Authent
questions to ask your partner. [Link]/speakout

18
 UNIT 6
SPEAKING
Talk about your emotions
Discuss what you would
do in different situations
Introduce/Respond to
news
Talk about memorable
moments

LISTENING
Listen to a radio show
about therapies
UNIT

6
Listen to conversations
where people hear news
Watch a BBC comedy
about a man’s terrible day

READING

IT
Read about basic emotions
Read about a BBC

N programme The People

Watchers
U
WRITING
Write a letter of advice
E

Write a website entry

PL

BBC CONTENT
Video podcast: How are
you feeling today?
M

DVD: My Worst Week

SA

emotion

Feeling stressed? p68 The people watchers p71 That’s great news! p74] My worst week p76

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6.1 FEELING STRESSED?
GRAMMAR | zero and first conditionals VOCABULARY | -ing/-ed adjectives HOW TO | talk about your emotions
A C E

The Six Basic VOCABULARY -ing/-ed adjectives

IT
Emotions 2A Work in pairs and complete the questions.

According to BBC Focus Magazine, there are

1
2 N
What makes you angry or annoyed?
What sorts of things do you find relaxing?
U
six basic emotions which we all experience,
3 Do you enjoy spending time alone, or do you get bored?
recognise in other people, and show in our own
4 Is there anything you are frightened of?
facial expressions. They are:
5 What kinds of things make you worried?
E

1 FEAR – probably the most basic emotion, fear 6 Have you ever been really embarrassed?
activates a part in our brain which allows us to 7 What makes you feel exhausted?
PL

escape from danger. 8 What sorts of things do you find confusing?

2 ANGER – our ancestors used this emotion to try 9 When was the last time you were shocked by
and deal with a problem rather than run away from it. something? What was it?
10 Do you find your job/hobbies satisfying?
M

3 DISTRESS – loss or tragedy prompt a feeling of

sadness. This often results in tears, a lump in the B Look at the quiz again and answer the questions.
throat and a feeling of heaviness in the chest. See a
SA

sad person and you may feel sad, too. 1 Which ending is used to talk about feelings: -ed or -ing?
2 Which ending is used to talk about the cause of feelings:
4 JOY – the simplest things can induce this, like a -ed or -ing?
kind word, or a sunny day. This is the most positive
emotion and a great motivator as we will actively try C Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
to repeat activities which bring us joy. adjectives above. Remember to use -ed or -ing endings.
5 SURPRISE – life is unpredictable, so surprise is a 1 It’s very worrying watching the news at the moment. I
useful emotion. When something surprising happens think there’s going to be another war.
to us, we raise our eyebrows to open our eyes wider, 2 I’m going to bed. I’m because I’ve been
to allow us to see what is happening. working late every night this week.
6 DISGUST – we will naturally feel disgust at certain
3 My face went bright red when I realised what I’d said. It
was really .
objects and smells (like the smell of rotten food).
We move away from these things (which may carry 4 I can’t watch sport on television. It’s so that I
disease) so this emotion protects us. just go to sleep.
5 I don’t understand the grammar. I find the rules very
.
SPEAKING
6 I go to yoga every week, because it makes me feel so
1A Look at photos A–F. What emotions do you think .
these people are feeling? Why are they feeling them?
D Choose two sentences above and make them true for
B Read the text and match photos A–F with the emotions. you. Compare your ideas with a partner.
C When was the last time you felt these emotions? Give ➠ page 138 VOCABULARYBANK
some examples.
68

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 6.1

GRAMMAR zero and first conditionals

5A Look at four sentences from the programme. Which talk about
a general situation (GS) and which talk about a specific/future
situation (FS)?
a) When people get angry, they don’t know what to do with their anger.
b) When we get there, I’ll give you a hammer.
c) If I smash the car to pieces, will I feel better?
d) If people laugh about something, they feel better.
F
B Underline the correct alternative to complete the rules.

Rules:
1 Use the zero conditional (If/When + present simple + present simple)
to talk about a general/specific situation (fact), or something which is
always true.
2 Use the first conditional (If/When + present simple + will/might/could)
to talk about a general/specific (possible) situation in the future.

➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK

6A

IT
LISTENING 6.2 Listen and underline the alternative you hear.
1 If he shouts, I get/I’ll get angry.
3 6.1 Read the definition and listen 2 If I see him, I tell/I’ll tell him.
to the radio programme. Answer the
questions.
3
4 N
When they arrive, we eat/we’ll eat.
When we get there, I phone/I’ll phone you.
U
therapy treatment of a physical or mental ill- 5 If I finish early, I go/I’ll go home.
ness, often without the use of drugs
B Listen again and repeat. Pay attention to the weak form of ’ll /əl/
E

1 Which two therapies does the programme in the contraction I’ll /aəl/ or we’ll /wəl/.
PL

talk about?
2 The therapies are used in different situations. PRACTICE
What situations are mentioned in the 7A Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
programme? brackets. Mark each sentence zero (0) or first (1st) conditional.
M

4A Are the statements true (T) or false (F)? 1 a) If I go running every day, it (make) me feel good.
1 Eight out of ten people have trouble b) I’m feeling down. If I go for a run, I (feel) better.
SA

controlling their anger. 2 a) When I finish reading this book, I (give) it to you to
2 With destruction therapy you use your anger read.
to destroy something in a controlled way. b) When I (finish) reading a book, I usually feel
3 If you think about a situation when you were disappointed.
angry, the therapy will be more enjoyable. 3 a) I’m meeting my boss later. If I tell him about my new job, he
4 In Spain, some companies pay for their (get) angry.
workers to build hotels. b) If I (get) angry, I take a deep breath and count to ten.
5 In Mexico, they use destruction therapy in 4 a) If I’m tired, I (like) to eat in front of the television and
hospitals. go to bed early.
6 Laughter therapy can help people to feel less b) I’m planning to drive through the night. If I get tired, I
pain. (stop) and sleep.
7 On average, children laugh 100 times a day,
and adults laugh seventeen times. B Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Compare
your ideas with a partner.
B Listen again to check. Correct the false When I get older …
statements. When my English gets better, I …
C Discuss the questions. If I’m happy, I usually …
1 Do you think destruction therapy and When I get home this evening …
laughter therapy are good ideas? Why/Why If I’m stressed, I usually …
not?
2 Would you try any of the ideas in the
programme?

69

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6.1

SPEAKING B Match the multi-word verbs in bold in Exercise 9A with the correct
definition in the word webs. You will need to use the infinitive form.
8A Work in pairs. What do you do in
situations 1–5? Write three pieces of Put the computer mouse on a Wear clothes to see if you want
advice to give to someone in the same specific place and press click on to buy them
situation.
1 You’re nervous about a job interview/ on
exam.
2 You’re annoyed with someone in your
Have a good relationship/
family.
like each other Stop liking someone/something
3 It’s the weekend and you’re bored.
4 You’re stressed about your work/studies.
5 You’ve got too many things to do.
Remove (clothes)
off
B Work in groups and compare your
ideas. Who has the best ideas? Exit from a website

VOCABULARY PLUS multi- Talk to someone that you

word verbs like so that they will like you
Wear especially smart or

IT
9A Match the following topics: Clothes, colourful clothes, e.g. for a
Computers and Love and friendship with party
up
paragraphs 1–3.

1______________: I met my ex- N

U
Move the computer mouse
boyfriend when he chatted me up to see earlier pages Choose to live a calm life, e.g. at
in a bar. We got on really well. We home with a partner ________
E
were together for two years and we
were planning to settle down, but
PL

then I went off him! down

Wear clothes (to work) that Switch off the computer

are not smart, e.g. old jeans
2______________: You have to
M

scroll up and then click on the

arrow icon. And don’t forget to log 10A Look at the dictionary definitions below and answer the questions.
SA

off before you shut down. 1 Which verb needs an object?

2 Which verb does not need an object?
3 Which verb can be followed by another preposition?
3______________: I love dressing
up so when I tried on that purple try sth ↔ on phr v to put on a piece of clothing to find out if it fits or if you like it: Can I try
these jeans on, please?
suit, I thought it was perfect for my
first day at work! So I arrived and the get on phr v 1 Br E if people get on, they have a friendly relationship: + with She doesn’t get on
receptionist told me to take off my tie with my mum very well.

because everyone dresses down at the shut down phr v if a company, factory, machine etc shuts down, or if you shut it down, it
company! stops operating: Hundreds of local post offices have shut down. | shut sth ↔ down Did you
shut the computer down?

speakout TIP B Use the dictionary definitions to help you decide which sentences are
There are different ways to group multi- possible. Mark the sentences with a tick or a cross.
words verbs (including phrasal verbs) in 1 I tried the suit on / I tried on the suit.
your notebook. For example, you can 2 I get on really well with Simon / I get Simon on really well.
group them by topic (e.g. weather, travel,
3 You need to shut down the computer / You need to shut the computer
work), or by preposition (e.g. multi-word
down.
verbs with on, over, by). Decide how you
want to group them and then add the C Choose 3–4 verbs from above and write your own example sentences.
phrases to your notebook. Use a dictionary to help. Then compare them with a partner’s.
➠ page 138 VOCABULARYBANK
70

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 THE PEOPLE WATCHERS 6.2
GRAMMAR | second conditional VOCABULARY | collocations HOW TO | give advice in hypothetical events

IF you wanted to persuade someone train, stop people from jumping queues, ‘experts’ who aren’t. Emma, a
to dress up as a tree in public, what get someone to do you a favour, work psychologist, pretended to be a
would you do? If you wanted to raise out if someone is lying, and get a hairdresser. While ‘cutting’ three
money for charity on the streets, who complete stranger to lend you a mobile people’s hair, she talked like a
would you ask to help you? What phone, you could find out by watching. hairdresser, saying all the right things,
would you do if you wanted to sell In one experiment, two of Wiseman’s and dropped a few bits of fake hair.
cakes and nobody was buying them? psychologists pretended to be cake- The three volunteers later said they
What would you do if you needed to sellers. They stood at a stall on the were very happy with their haircuts.
think creatively but didn’t have any street and tried to sell cakes for a pound In reality, Emma hadn’t cut any hair.
ideas? each. No one bought any. So they did Richard Wiseman’s conclusion? People
One thing you could do is watch a what shops do: they held a sale. But it would do better if they didn’t always
programme from the BBC series The wasn’t a real sale. They pretended that listen to ‘experts’. Instead, they should
People Watchers. The programme asks one cake cost two pounds, and if you trust their own eyes.
the question ‘Why do we do what bought a cake, you would get another In another experiment, Jack, a
we do?’ Through twenty episodes, one free. People started buying! Later psychologist, had to persuade ordinary
Professor Richard Wiseman, two they told people that the cakes usually people to dress up as a tree. The trick
psychologists and a neuroscientist do cost two pounds but they were doing was to ‘start small’. First, Jack asked a
experiments involving members of a special deal and selling them for just man to wear a badge; then he asked him

IT
the public, secretly filming them with one pound. Again, people bought the to wear a cap; and finally the tree suit.
a hidden camera. The experiments cakes. It seems that everyone loves the This, Wiseman says, is called ‘The foot
show why we behave the way we do in idea of a bargain even if they aren’t in the door technique’: if you want a
everyday situations. If you wanted to
know how to get a seat on a crowded
really getting one.
Another experiment looked atN big favour from someone, first ask for a
small favour!
U
E
PL
M
SA

READING VOCABULARY verb–noun collocations

1A Work in pairs and discuss. What do you think 3A Match verbs 1–7 with nouns a)–g).
‘people-watching’ means? What professions need to be 1 hold a) money (for something)
good at people-watching? Why? 2 raise b) experiments
B Read the article and check your ideas. 3 do c) a programme
2A Work in pairs and answer the questions. 4 get d) hair
1 Who is in Professor Wiseman’s team? 5 jump e) a queue
2 What question does the programme answer? 6 cut f ) a seat
3 Why did people suddenly start buying the cakes? 7 watch g) a sale
4 How much hair did Emma cut? B Which do you do:
5 What is ‘The foot in the door technique’? 1 to sell something cheaply?
B Read the article again. Make notes under headings 1–3. 2 to avoid standing up in a train/bus/waiting room, etc.?
1 People involved in the programme 3 to help a charity?
2 Situations 4 to be informed or entertained?
3 Conclusions from the experiments 5 to make someone look more beautiful?
6 to obtain new scientific information?
C Work in pairs and take turns to explain the article 7 to avoid waiting in a long line (for example, to get tickets)?
using your notes.
71

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6.2

GRAMMAR second conditional PRACTICE

4A Read a review of The People Watchers. Why does

6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verbs in the box.
the reviewer like the programme?
write work do can learn fail have not/rain
Pick of the month see (x2) go like not/have not/be not/work tell
My own favourite series this month?
The People Watchers. Presented by 1 I would write my autobiography if I didn’t have
Professor Richard Wiseman and his so much work to do.
rather attractive psychologist friends, 2 If I enough time, I Japanese.
the show asks some very interesting 3 If I go anywhere in the world,
questions. If no one saw you, would I to the Caribbean.
you take something without paying 4 If it so much, I to live in
for it? How close to someone would Norway.
you stand if you didn’t know them? It’s all good stuff, 5 You very happy if you the
but maybe the programme could be even better if we exam.
heard from more experts. Unfortunately, for most of the
6 Who for if you for our
series, we only hear Professor Wiseman’s voice. And it
company?
would also be nice if we had more statistics. Some of the
experiments using hidden cameras show only one or two 7 What if you a UFO?
8 If you a friend stealing something, would

IT
people in action – not enough to make big conclusions
about human nature. But overall, this is good TV: light, you the police?
easy on the eye, and fun.
7A Complete the sentences about your classmates.

B Look at the four underlined sentences above and

1 If
2 IfN could go anywhere, he/she …
wasn’t so busy, he/she …
U
complete the rules with the words in the box. 3 If was able to speak to the President of his/
her country, he/she …
would could hypothetical imaginary past
E
4 If knew how to, he/she …
5 would feel very happy if …
PL

Rules: 6 ’s life would be easier if …

1 We use the second conditional to describe a 7 wouldn’t like it if …
or situation. 8 wouldn’t care if …
2 In the if clause, we use the simple.
M

3 In the result clause, we use or ’d.

B Ask your classmates if your sentences are true.
4 If we are not sure of the result, we can also use
SA

. SPEAKING
C Find other examples of the second conditional in the 8A Work in pairs and discuss. What would you do if …
article on page 71. 1 you saw a very young child smoking in the street?
➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK 2 you found a bag of money in the street?
5A 6.3 Listen and complete the conversations. 3 you inherited a house on the other side of the world?
1 A: What if your laptop 4 you discovered that one of your colleagues was taking drugs?
exploded? 5 you heard someone saying bad things about your friend?
B: If my laptop exploded, I’d call for help! 6 one of your relatives asked to live with you?
2 A: What would you do if you lost your house keys? 7 someone asked you to take part in a TV programme?
B: If I lost my house keys climb through the 8 you saw someone stealing bread in the supermarket?
window! It depends. If they
3 A: How would you feel if your car broke down? looked like they were
B: If my car broke down, I happy! hungry, I might
not say anything.
B Listen again and answer questions 1–3.
1 How do we pronounce would in the question form?
B Tell other students
your ideas. Which
2 How do we pronounce would in fast spoken English in
dilemmas were the
positive sentences?
most difficult?
3 How do we pronounce the negative of would?

72

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 6.2
C Tick the things a letter of advice might include.
Compare your ideas with other students.
1 a short summary of the situation
2 a few sentences describing your qualifications
3 some ideas about what the person should do
4 some background information explaining your ideas
5 a question for the reader to think about

D Find the things you ticked in the letters of advice in

Exercise 10B.

LEARN TO qualify what you say

WRITING a letter of advice 11A Look at the words/phrases in the box. Find and
underline these in the letters of advice in Exercise 10B.
9 Look at the photo and discuss. What do you do Then answer the questions.
when you need advice? Would you ever consider getting
professional help, going online or asking a relative/friend/ maybe probably perhaps in all likelihood
experienced older person? What does it depend on? It’s possible that in all probability

10A Read the dilemma. What do you think the person

IT
1 Which words/phrases mean ‘there is a strong possibility’?
should do? 2 Which two phrases have the same meaning?

My cousin has asked me to lend her some money

to start an internet business. She is intelligent and
reliable, and I like her, but she is only twenty years old. N
B How do you feel about statements 1–4? Qualify them,
using the words and phrases above.
U
Also, I know nothing about internet businesses. Should
1 As life in the twenty-first century gets more complex,
I lend her the money? people will have more complex problems.
2 In the future, machines will ‘read’ our emotions and
E
‘know’ if we have a problem.
B Read the responses. Which do you agree with? Why? 3 In the future, most young people will prefer to talk to
PL

strangers online about their problems rather than have

YES face-to-face conversations with family and friends.
4 I’d never write to a problem page if I needed advice.
You have the money. She has the ideas, the energy and
Most people ask their family and friends for advice. They
M

the expertise. If I were you, I wouldn’t worry about

her age. As a young person, in all likelihood she knows don’t need to write to problem pages.
more about the internet than you do. And she isn’t Most people probably ask their family and friends for
SA

asking for your advice, only your money. So, come advice. In all likelihood, they don’t need to write to
on - you’re a member of her family. What do you have problem pages.
to lose apart from a bit of money? And if you’re really
worried, maybe tell her you want 50% of the money
back within two years. If she’s reliable, you’ll probably
12A Read the problem below. Work with other students
get it. and think of possible solutions.

I have a problem. My twenty-six-year-old brother

NO has always loved football, but now it’s becoming an
obsession. He goes to watch matches every weekend
So your cousin wants money. Perhaps you really trust even though the tickets are expensive and he doesn’t
her, but aged twenty, she probably doesn’t have much have much money. At his house, he sometimes watches
experience in business. If I were you, I’d ask a lot of three or four matches on TV a day! His only friends are
questions first. I’d find out how much research she has football fans, and his last girlfriend broke up with him
done, how well she knows the market, and who else is because of his obsession. I want to help him, but he’s
involved. It’s possible that she will be successful, but over older than me and he thinks it’s none of my business
90% of new companies disappear within the first year. what he does in his free time. Please can you give me
The other thing is time. In all probability, it’ll take her a some advice?
few years to start making a profit. Can you wait that long
to get your money back? And think about this: if it wasn’t
your cousin asking, would you lend the money? B Write a letter of advice to the letter writer above.
C Work in groups and take turns to read your letters. If
you were in the person’s situation, which letter would you
like to receive?

73

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6.3 THAT’S GREAT NEWS!
FUNCTION | giving news VOCABULARY | life events LEARN TO | respond to news

VOCABULARY life events

1A Look at phrases 1–12. Are they good news (G),
or bad news (B)?
1 pass your exams 7 fail a test
2 have an accident 8 split up with a partner A C
3 be offered a job 9 win a competition/match
4 get a place at university 10 get promoted
5 get engaged/married 11 get a degree
6 lose your job/money 12 buy a house

B Work in pairs and answer the question. Have

any of the things above happened recently to you,
or anyone you know?
2A Work in groups and discuss. What is the best B D
way to give bad news?

IT
B Complete the article with the phrases in the FUNCTION giving news
box. Does it mention any of your ideas?
3A 6.4 Listen to seven conversations. Match the
give a reason tone of voice prepare your listener
making people too upset bad news good news
N
conversations to pictures A–G.
B Look at the pictures again. What is the good news or bad
U
news in each situation?
4A Look at the phrases the speakers use to introduce their news.
Good ways to Listen again and write the conversation number next to each phrase.
E

give bad news good news I’ve got some good news (for you).
PL

I’m really pleased to tell you …

It’s easy to give someone good news, but what You’ll never guess what.
about when you have some 1_____ to tell? Are
bad news Bad news, I’m afraid.
M

there any good ways to give bad news without

2_____? The following steps might help: I’m sorry to have to tell you, but …
I’m afraid / Unfortunately, …
• Say something positive: Try to start or end the
SA

conversation with some 3_____, so that it’s not I’m afraid I’ve got some bad news …
all bad. For example, ‘You did very well in the There’s something I’ve got to tell you.
interview, but unfortunately we’ve given the job good or bad news You know …? Well, …
to somebody else.’ I’ve/We’ve got something to tell you. 1
• 4_____ for the news: Use phrases to introduce
what you’re going to say, like ‘Unfortunately, …’, B 6.5 Listen to some of the phrases in the table again.
‘I’m really sorry, but …’ or ‘I’m afraid I’ve got Underline the stressed syllables.
some bad news.’ This gives the listener time
to prepare for what you’re going to say. C Listen again. Is the speaker’s voice high or low for good news?
• Try to 5_____: People like to know why Is it high or low for bad news? Practise the phrases.
things go wrong. Try to explain the decision: ➠ page 128 LANGUAGEBANK
If someone doesn’t get the job, can you explain
why? If you have to cancel an arrangement, try
5 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
to give a reason. 1 news / afraid / I’m / bad – / the / we / match / lost
• Use a soft 6_____: If you’re giving someone bad 2 to / I’m / the / you / tell / got / pleased / you / really / job /
news, try to use a soft, calm voice to make you that
sound kind. Say things to show you understand, 3 going / I’m / to / late / we’re / be / afraid
like, ‘I’m really sorry.’ or ‘I know this must be 4 got / you / there’s / tell / I’ve / to / something
disappointing.’ 5 never / what / you’ll / guess
6 got / news / I’ve / for / good / you / some
C Read the article again. Do you agree with the 7 was / concert / the / unfortunately, / cancelled
advice? Why/Why not? 8 lost? / you / the / we / cat / know / we / again / found / him / well,

74

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 6.3
7A 6.6 Listen to responses 1–4. Notice the
intonation patterns.

1 Congratulations!

2 That’s fantastic news!

E G 3 That’s a shame.

4 That’s awful.

B Practise saying the phrases with the correct intonation.

C 6.7 Mark the main stress on sentences 1–6. Which
ones use a higher voice? Listen and check, then listen and
repeat.
1 You lucky thing!
F
2 That’s terrible.

IT
LEARN TO respond to news 3 Well done.

6 How do the speakers respond to the news? Complete 4 I’m so pleased for you.
the conversations with the words in the box.

N
5 That’s really annoying.
U
joking sorry lucky annoying pleased 6 That’s awful. I’m really sorry to hear that.
Congratulations done shame terrible

1 W: We’re getting married. SPEAKING

E

M: Wow! That’s fantastic. !

2 W: We’ve offered the job to someone else.
8A Work in pairs and role-play the situation. Student
PL

A: you interviewed your partner for a job last week. You

M: Oh. That’s a . Thanks, anyway. have asked him/her back to the office to give them the job.
3 W1: I’ve just won some money on the Spanish lottery. Student B: you were interviewed for a job last week, but
W2: You’re ? … How much did you win? since then you have been offered a better job with another
M

W1: 1,000 euros. company, and you have decided to accept their offer.
W2: You thing! Student A Student B
SA

4 M1: I’ve crashed the car.

Welcome Student B into
M2: Oh no. That’s . your office. Tell him/her
5 W: They’ve offered me a place. you were very pleased with
M: That’s wonderful news. Well ! I’m so their interview.
for you.
6 W1: Steve’s lost his job. Thank Student A.
W2: Oh no. That’s awful. I’m really to
Tell Student B that you
hear that.
think they are the right
7 M: I’ve got too much work to do. person for the job, and
W: Oh no. That’s really . offer them the job.
Thank Student A for the
speakout TIP offer, but explain your
Exaggerate! Sometimes when you speak in a foreign other job offer and tell
Student A that you plan to
language, your intonation can sound flat. This can mean
Respond to the news. accept the other offer.
that you don’t sound as polite or enthusiastic as you want
to. Try to exaggerate the intonation pattern to sound
enthusiastic or concerned. Say the responses in Exercise B Work in pairs. First, think of three pieces of good/
7A with an exaggerated intonation. bad news to tell your partner. Then take turns to give
and respond to each other’s news using expressions in
Exercises 4 and 6.

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6.4 MY WORST WEEK

DVD PREVIEW DVD VIEW

1 Read about a BBC comedy. Why is this week 2 Watch the DVD then number the events in the
supposed to be special for Howard? What’s the correct order.
problem? a) Mel calls Howard in his office.
b) Eve tries to take the ring off using soap in the
My Worst Week bathroom.
c) Howard arrives in his office and shows his secretary,

T he week before a wedding can be a

difficult time, but for publisher Howard
Eve, the ring.

IT
d) Mel reminds Howard to collect the ring.
Steele, marrying the beautiful Mel, it e) The ring gets stuck.
becomes a complete nightmare. Everything
f ) Eve bursts into tears, so Howard lets her try the ring
that can possibly go wrong does go wrong,
even though Howard tries desperately to do
3A N
on.
U
the right thing. During the week, Howard Who says this: Howard (H), Eve (E) or Mel (M)?
accidentally kills his in-laws’ dog, puts Mel’s 1 ‘Don’t forget the ring.’
granny in hospital, and loses the wedding 2 ‘It’s been in Mel’s family for 150 years. They have
E
ring (which has been in the family for many this rather charming tradition where they (uh) pass it
generations) twice. It’s not a good start, and down from generation to generation.’
PL

what should have been a very special week 3 ‘I always wanted a fairy-tale wedding of my own.’
soon turns into the worst week of his life. 4 ‘Try it on. See what it feels like.’
5 ‘When the vicar asks me to put the ring on my
fiancée’s finger, it would be very nice if my secretary
M

was not attached.’

6 ‘No, really – it’s stuck.’
SA

7 ‘I’ll get a plumber.’

B Watch the DVD again to check.

4A Complete the sentences about how the
characters felt.
1 Mel is worried about …
2 Eve is impressed when she sees …
3 Eve gets upset about …
4 Howard is annoyed when …
5 Eve is anxious about …
6 Howard is shocked when …

B Compare your ideas with another student.

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 speakout memorable moments writeback a website entry
5A 6.8 Listen to a man talking about a special 6A Read the website entry. What kind of things do
weekend. Which of the following statements is not people write about on this website? What was special
true? about Ross’s car journey?
1 His brother organised a surprise weekend away.
2 They went on a boat trip to a lighthouse, and slept 100 lives: real life, real people, real experiences
there. Join people from around the world who want to
3 They went shopping with his brother’s money. share their stories and experiences. Read true
personal stories, chat and get advice from the group.
4 They went to the theatre and then ate an expensive
five-course meal. Q: What’s your happiest memory?
B Listen again and tick the key phrases you hear.
One of my happiest memories is of a car
journey I took with some friends from Canada
keyphrases down to California nearly fifteen years ago. It
One of the most memorable moments/events in my was a clear night with a full moon, and as we
life was … drove we listened to music, and talked. The
roads were empty, and there was a wonderful

IT
The happiest moment of my life was when …
sense of freedom and adventure. We were
It all started one day when … driving away from our families and everything
I was so embarrased/delighted/shocked/terrified we knew so well. We drove with the windows
when …
I had absolutely no idea. Nopen and I can remember the warmth of the
wind on my face, and the sound of the music
U
playing out to the open skies. Even now, when
The funniest thing that ever happened to me was … I hear any of the songs on that album, it takes
(The) next thing/morning … me straight back to that journey, and that
That weekend/day is one of my happiest feeling. I hope it never goes away.
E

memories. Ross, Calgary

PL

C Choose one of the following questions. Plan your

answer using some of the key phrases. B Choose another question from Exercise 5C and
1 What are your strongest memories of your childhood? write your story (150–200 words). Use the website
M

2 Have you ever done anything you regret? entry above and the key phrases to help.
3 What’s the most embarrassing/funniest/scariest thing
SA

that has ever happened to you?

4 What do you remember about the house you lived in
as a child?
5 Can you remember a time when you felt very proud?
6 What is your happiest memory?

D Work in groups and tell your stories.

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6.5 LOOKBACK

ideas with a partner.

-ING/-ED ADJECTIVES GIVING NEWS
3 Work in pairs and take turns.
1A Work in pairs. Use adjectives Student A: write down three things
6A Each conversation has two
to describe how you feel in the words missing. Write in the missing
you would like to achieve this year.
following situations. words. You may have to change the
Show your list to your partner.
1 you lose your bus/train ticket punctuation.
Student B: look at Student A’s list
2 you get lost at night in a foreign and make if/when sentences to give I’m
city 1 A: Bad news afraid.
advice.
3 you wait for a delayed flight A: one: find a new job two: get fit B: What’s the matter?
4 you forget someone’s name (when three: improve my English
A: The computers aren’t working.
you should know it) B: one: find a new job: If you look
on the internet, you might find a new B: Not again! Annoying.
B Write situations for the job.
adjectives in the box. 2 A: You’ll never what.
VERB–NOUN COLLOCATIONS B: What?
annoying worried
boring embarrassing 4 Rearrange the letters in blue A: I got the job.
relaxing confusing to complete the sentences with
exhausted frightening

IT
watch/hold/raise/do/get/cut. B: Congratulations! That’s news.
satisfied 1 We should go to the concert early
3 A: I’ve got some good news you.
so we can est gates. get seats
annoying – When you discover your
phone has run out of power, it’s …
worried – My exams are tomorrow. N
2 They are going to heal loads to
sell their old clothes.
B: What is it?
U
A: I’ve been promoted.
I’m really … 3 The schoolchildren decided to
ease my iron for cancer research. B: Well. That’s great news.
C Work in pairs. Take turns to 4 I’m going home early because I
E

read your situations. Don’t say the want to grammar two peach on 4 A: I’m to have to tell you, but I’m
adjectives they describe. Can your TV. leaving the company.
PL

partner guess the adjective? 5 He gave up his job because he

didn’t want to opened term six on B: What? Why?
ZERO AND FIRST animals. A: The company has got
CONDITIONALS 6 My cousin i shut car for a living.
M

problems, so they’re reducing

2A Match 1–7 with a)–g) to make SECOND CONDITIONAL the number of managers.
sentences.
SA

1 If you drink too much coffee, 5 Work in pairs. Student A: use an B: I’m sorry to that.
2 If you go to bed early,
if clause with the phrases in your
5 A: You that exam I did last week?
box. Student B: respond with the
3 If you go to bed late all the time,
correct would clause from your box. B: Yes?
4 If you listen to loud music when
you study, A A: Well, I passed.
I/be/rich there/be/no war
5 You won’t get fit if you there/be/more hours in the day B: Congratulations! I’m so for
6 If you don’t like your job, I/have/more/energy
nobody/smoke I/give up/coffee you.
7 You’ll have problems at work if
you can/paint/well
B Work in pairs and practise the
a) drive everywhere in your car.
b) you won’t sleep tonight.
B VIDEO PODCAST
c) it’s difficult to concentrate. dance/all night sleep/better Watch people talking
d) you’ll exhaust yourself. people/be/healthier about whether they are
do/a portrait of you an optimist or pessimist
e) don’t finish that report on time. on ActiveBook or on the
give/money/charity
f) you’ll feel better in the morning. people/work/more website.
g) look for a new one. the world/be/peaceful

B Look at the sentences in Exercise A: If I was rich ... interviews

BBC
2A. Can you think of other ways B: I’d give some money to charity. Authentic
to complete them? Compare your [Link]/speakout

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 UNIT 7
SPEAKING
Talk about success
Talk about your abilities
Give/Clarify opinions
Describe an achievement

LISTENING
Understand a radio
programme about success
Listen to a conversation
about memory

UNIT

7
Listen to a discussion
about intelligence
Watch a BBC documentary
about an achievement

READING

IT
Read a biographical text
Read about qualifications

N WRITING
U
Write a summary
Write an internet post
E

BBC CONTENT
Video podcast: What
PL

has been your greatest

achievement to date?
DVD: The One Show:
M

Water Ski Challenge

SA

success

The secret of success p80 The memory men p83 Are you qualified? p86 Water ski challenge p88

M02_SPKT_CB_INTGLB_6699_U02.indd 79 28/06/2011 12:08

7.1 THE SECRET OF SUCCESS
GRAMMAR | present perfect simple vs continuous VOCABULARY | success HOW TO | talk about interests

SPEAKING VOCABULARY success

1A Work in pairs and read the quotes. 2A Complete sentences 1–8 with the phrases in the box.
What do they tell you about success? Do
you agree or disagree? work hard (at something) have a natural talent focus on
get better at have the opportunity (to do something)
‘The difference be believe in yourself practise (something) be a high achiever
tween failure
and success is doin
g a thing nearly 1 You will never achieve anything, if you don’t work hard at it.
right and doing a
thing exactly right
Edward Simmon .’ 2 I don’t for languages. I find them difficult to learn.
s 3 If you and your abilities, then you can achieve anything.
4 It’s amazing what children can achieve if they to try different skills.
to you …
‘Success doesn’t come 5 If you want to develop any skill, you have to regularly.
llins
you go to it.’ Marva Co 6 I’m sure she will . She is determined to do well at everything.
7 When I really want something, I try to my goal.
8 If you keep trying, you’ll it. Don’t give up!
‘The secret of success in life is

IT
for a man to be ready for his B Find phrases above to match meanings 1–6.
opportunity when it comes.’ 1 be sure about your ideas/abilities
Benjamin Disraeli 2 only think about one objective
3
4
improve
N
do something again and again
U
B Write the names of three very
successful people. Answer the questions. 5 have the chance to do something
1 How and why did these people become 6 be successful in your work or studies
E
successful?
C Choose two of the phrases and make sentences which are true for
2 Do you think they have a special talent, or
you. Compare your ideas with a partner.
PL

have they just been lucky?

3 What advice would you give to someone ➠ page 139 VOCABULARYBANK
who wants to be as successful as these
people?
M
SA

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 7.1

LISTENING 4A Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?

1 If we want to learn from Bill Gates’
3A Read the introduction to an article about success. What do you achievements, we need to look at where he
think the secret of success is? came from and the opportunities he had.
2 If you’re going to be world-class at
something, you need to have parents who
What is the secret of success? are high achievers.
3 The Beatles played all-night concerts in
BBC Focus Magazine investigates Hamburg, and this helped them to master
their craft.
4 Bill Gates got into computer programming,
What makes the most successful people on the planet and through a fortunate series of events, he
different from the rest of us? If we were more like Albert was able to do lots and lots of programming.
Einstein or John Lennon, surely we could enjoy the same 5 Bill Gates had access to a computer at home
level of success they did. In truth, however, we pay too during the 60s and 70s when computers were
much attention to what high achievers are like, and not ‘the size of rooms’.
enough to where they come from and the opportunities 6 In order to be very successful, you need a
they had along the way. In his new book, Malcolm very talented teacher, and enough money to
Gladwell reveals that there is one factor – so obvious pay for your tuition.
that it’s right under our noses – that all successful people B Listen again to check.

IT
share ...

SPEAKING
B 7.1 Listen to the radio programme to find out.
N
5 Discuss the questions in groups.
U 1 Do you have a special skill/interest? How
C Listen again and complete the summary. many hours do you think you have spent
practising it? (10,000 hours is approximately
In this new book, The Outliers, Gladwell argues that Beethoven, ten hours per week for twenty years.)
E
The Beatles and Bill Gates all have one thing in 1 . 2 Do you agree that if you practise something
They 2 what they do, and they practised a lot. In enough, you can become world-class at it,
PL

fact, Gladwell discovered that in order to be truly 3 or do you think you need to have a natural
in anything, it is necessary to practise the 4 for more talent?
than 5 hours. These people have done that which is
why he believes they have been so 6 3 What things have you been successful at? Why?
.
M
SA

81

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7.1

GRAMMAR present perfect simple versus VOCABULARY PLUS verb phrases

continuous 9A Choose the correct preposition to complete the verb
6A Read sentences a)–e). Underline examples of the phrases in sentences 1–7.
present perfect simple and circle examples of the present 1 I don’t have a lot in common to/with/for my sister.
perfect continuous. 2 We don’t have access with/at/to the internet at work.
a) Martina’s been playing tennis since she was three years old. 3 She’s world-class in/for/at playing the violin.
b) She’s been going to ballet lessons since she was a child. 4 He works very hard. He puts in/to/with a lot of hours.
c) I’ve known Max for years. 5 I’ve got a lot to think with/for/about at the moment.
d) How long have you been studying French? 6 The film picks up on/to/at the difficulties people
e) He’s always enjoyed playing sport. experienced during the war.
7 She has a talent about/for/in finding a bargain.
B Match sentences a)–e) with rules 1–3. Some sentences
will match more than one rule.

Rules:
1 Use the present perfect continuous to emphasise that
an action has been long and repeated.
2 With state verbs (e.g. like, love, understand, remember,
know, etc.), we cannot use the present perfect

IT
continuous, so we use the present perfect simple.
3 We often use for, since and How long have you …? with

N
the present perfect simple and the present perfect
continuous.
U
➠ page 130 LANGUAGEBANK
PRACTICE
E

7A Complete the sentences with the present perfect B Add the verb phrases to the correct group below.
simple or continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1 agree 5 depend
PL

1 I (write) books for years, but I haven’t argue with rely on

written a best-seller yet!
2 They (play) music for hours! I can’t get to
M

sleep. 2 worry 6 look

3 I always (love) art, but I’m not complain about laugh at
very good at it.
SA

4 She (not study) a lot because she’s been ill.

5 How long you (know) Sheila? 3 belong 7 succeed
6 I (learn) Mandarin for two years. pay attention to believe in
7 I (have) my own car since I was twenty.
8 Will Smith? I’ve never (hear) of him.
4 pay
B 7.2 Listen to check. Notice the pronunciation of wait for
have. Is it strong or weak? Practise saying the sentences.
8A Make questions with the prompts.
1 how long / you / know / best friend? speakout TIP
2 how long / you / do / your hobby? There are many verbs in English which use prepositions.
3 how long / you / study / English? Keep a record of which prepositions go with which verbs
4 how long / you / live where you live now? in your notebook. Can you add any more phrases you
know to the diagram in Exercise 9B?
5 how / you / spend / your days off recently?

B Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the C Write three questions using the verb phrases above.
questions above. Think of two or more follow-up Do you argue with anyone in your family?
questions for each question.
What kind of things do you worry about?
A: How long have you known your best friend?
B: For about fifteen years. D Work in pairs. Ask and answer your questions.
A: Where did you meet? ➠ page 139 VOCABULARYBANK
82

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 THE MEMORY MEN 7.2
GRAMMAR | present and past ability VOCABULARY | ability HOW TO | talk about your abilities

VOCABULARY ability The human camera

1 Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer as There is no one quite like Stephen Wiltshire. Born in 1974, Stephen was
many questions as you can about the things you always different. As a child, he couldn’t make friends. In fact, he talked
to nobody, showed no interest in school subjects and wasn’t able to
are good/bad at.
sit still. Stephen was diagnosed as autistic. He didn’t learn fully to talk
When did you start playing the drums? How often until he was nine years old and he didn’t manage to pass his exams,
do you play? Do you … but he found one thing he liked doing: drawing. Art became his way to
communicate.
2A What do the phrases in bold mean?
He started by drawing funny pictures of his teachers, but soon began
1 He’s an expert in Italian art. He’s written several
to draw buildings. His eye for detail was perfect. He could see a
books about it.
building just once and remember everything about it. In 1987, aged
2 He’s gifted at painting. He had his first exhibition twelve, he saw a train station in London called St Pancras. Hours later,
when he was sixteen. in front of TV cameras, he managed to draw this complicated building,
3 She has a lot of ability as a dancer. I think she with the time on the station clock saying 11.20, the exact time when
could become a professional. he was there. The drawing showed every detail perfectly.
4 She’s the most skilful footballer I’ve ever seen. Since that television programme made him famous in the UK, many
She can play in any position. great things have happened to Stephen. He has become a well-known
5 He has an aptitude for maths. He learns new artist, published four books of his drawings, taken helicopter rides

IT
formulas very quickly. above the world’s great cities – including London, Rome, Hong Kong
and New York – and drawn amazing pictures of them, and opened his
6 He is a really talented musician. He can play six
own art gallery, where he now works, in London.
instruments.
7 I’m hopeless at geography. I failed my exam three
N
His drawings are incredibly accurate – he always manages to draw
everything in the right place – but also beautiful to look at. In 2006, he
times.
U
was given an MBE by the Queen of England for services to art.
8 I’m useless at ball sports. I can’t play any.

B 7.3 Look at the words in bold above. Then

E

listen to the sentences from above and answer the

questions.
PL

1 Which parts of the words in bold are stressed?

Underline the stressed part.
2 Which five words have two syllables? Where
M

do we normally put the stress on two-syllable

words?
SA

C Listen again and repeat the sentences. Focus

on the stressed parts.
3A Write the name of:
• an expert in your own area of interest.
• someone in the class who is talented.
• a gifted musician.
• something you are useless at.
• something you have an aptitude for. * autistic /ɔtɪstɪk/ adj – having a mental condition that makes it
hard for someone to understand other people and form relationships
B Work in groups. Ask each other to explain
what they wrote and why. * MBE – Member of the British Empire, an award given by the Queen
for outstanding achievements

READING C Student A: read the text above again and answer the questions.
4A Work in pairs. Look at the photos opposite 1 How was his behaviour different from other children’s?
and on page 143, then discuss. The men in the 2 What special talents does he have?
photos have been called ‘The human camera’ and 3 How did the public learn about his special talents?
‘The human computer’. What special abilities do 4 What country/countries has he been to and what did he do there?
you think they have?
5 What has he published?
B Student A: read the text opposite to see if your 6 What is his ‘job’ now?
ideas are mentioned. Student B: turn to page 143.
D Tell your partner about your text. Use questions 1–6 to help.
83

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7.2
change the wheel
GRAMMAR present and past ability on a car
5 Read sentences 1–9. Which describe present ability
and which describe past ability? Which three sentences
are negative?
1 If you tell Daniel your birth date, he can tell you what
day of the week you were born on. present ability
2 He could see a building just once and remember
everything about it. paint pictures
3 As a child, he couldn’t make friends.
4 He is able to do extremely difficult mathematical calculations.
5 He was able to calculate 82 x 82 x 82 x 82.
6 He wasn’t able to sit still. run for an hour
7 He always manages to draw everything in the right place.
8 He managed to learn Icelandic in a week.
9 He didn’t manage to pass his exams.

➠ page 130 LANGUAGEBANK

PRACTICE tell a joke in a

IT
6 Complete the text with the words in the box. foreign language

can isn’t can’t managed could to couldn’t able

N catch and
U
When four-year-old Derek Paravacini heard the sound of the cook a fish
piano, he ran towards it. Although he was blind, he 1_____ to
reach the instrument. He pushed the piano player – a small
E
girl – off her stool, and started to play. Adam Ockleford, a
piano teacher, said, ‘It was … extraordinary. He was hitting
PL

the notes with his hands, his feet, his nose, even his elbows.’
write with your
Paravacini was 2_____ to play the tune he had just heard and
at that moment Ockleford realised the boy was a genius. ‘wrong’ hand
Paravacini was born blind and autistic and had great learning
M

difficulties. As a child, he 3_____ do many things that ordinary

children do. Even today, as an adult, he 4_____ count to ten,
and he 5_____ able to dress or feed himself. But Paravacini
SA

has one incredible gift: music. Like Mozart, he 6_____ remember

remember every piece of music he hears. important dates
It started when his parents gave him a plastic organ when he from history
was eighteen months old. He couldn’t see the notes, but he
managed 7_____ play tunes on it. By the time he was four,
he 8_____ play many pieces on the piano. With Ockleford’s
help, Paravacini developed his technique and played his first
major concert at the Barbican Hall in London, aged nine. climb a mountain
He has performed all over Europe and the US and in 2006
recorded his first CD.

SPEAKING
7A Look at the activities opposite and read the
instructions below. play tennis
1 Put one tick next to the things you can do now.
2 Put two ticks next to the things you could do when you
were a child.
3 Put three ticks next to the activities you are very good at.
ride a
B Work in groups. Compare your abilities. Say how often you
motorbike
do these things, and which ones you enjoy(ed). Describe any
special experiences you have had while doing these things.
84

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 7.2

WRITING a summary B Look at suggestions 1–8. Are they good or bad ideas
for taking notes? Change the bad ideas.
8A Read the summary and answer questions 1–3. 1 Use abbreviations and symbols.
2 Use diagrams or drawings.
Daniel Tammet and Stephen Wiltshire are two gifted
young Englishmen who suffer from forms of autism. 3 Try to write down every word you hear/copy down every
These men have one thing in common – they are able word you read.
to remember large amounts of information – but their 4 Write fast. Don’t worry about handwriting.
talents are very different. Wiltshire has an ability to 5 Don’t worry about spelling. You can check later.
draw complicated images after seeing them only once,
6 Highlight important information.
while Tammet has an amazing aptitude for remembering
numbers. They have both appeared on television 7 Don’t use your own words – you might make mistakes.
programmes, which helped make them famous, and 8 Use a space or a new heading when there’s a change of
both published books. While Tammet and Wiltshire speaker or topic.
experienced difficulties during their childhood, their great
achievements are now recognised by the public. And best 10A 7.4 Listen to three people talking about
of all: they both seem happy with their lives. memory. Tick the things they talk about in the box.

1 Does the summary explain the main idea of the text(s) names faces dates words birthdays
(who, what, where and why)? directions to places books you’ve read places
2 Is the summary shorter or longer than the original text(s)? films jokes information about products
things that happened to you when you were very young

IT
3 Does the writer of the summary copy sentences from the
original text(s) or does he/she use his/her own words?
B Read the notes about Peggy. Listen again and use the
B Work in pairs. Look at phrases 1–5 from the summary. same headings to write notes about John and Tim.
What details do these phrases leave out? What
information is missing?
N
PEGGY
U
1 Wiltshire has an ability to draw complicated images.
Job
He drew a train station in London and pictures of other sales rep 4 publishing company
cities, including Rome, Hong Kong and New York.
E
Memory
2 Tammet has an amazing aptitude for remembering
numbers.
needs 2 remember lots
PL

not good at directions used to get lost all the

3 They have both appeared on television programmes. time.
4 Both published books. has to remember names faces of people she
5 (They) experienced difficulties during their childhood. talks to +
M

information about products

LEARN TO make notes for a summary
SA

9A Read the notes and find examples of 1–6 below. C Compare your notes with a partner. What else can you
remember about what they say? Use the phrases below
to help you.
THE MEMORY MEN
Tammet Wiltshire = very gifted. They are able 2 Sally or Samantha? makes mistakes
remember blocking all other students
lots of info. Their abilities them becoming after an hour of watching a film
famous
The artist She spent an hour calling a woman Sally when her real
Wiltshire remembers things he sees name was Samantha.
The mathematician 11A Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
Tammet remembers numbers does maths problems
1 Do you have a good memory, generally?
2 Which things in the box in Exercise 10A are you good at
1 an abbreviation remembering?
2 symbols for: a) and b) resulted in 3 Which would you like to be better at remembering?
3 a number to represent a word that sounds the same 4 Do you use any special strategies to remember things?
4 a heading
B Write a summary (100–120 words) of what you
5 a subheading
learned about your partner.
6 highlighted information

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7.3 ARE YOU QUALIFIED?
FUNCTION | clarifying opinions VOCABULARY | qualifications LEARN TO | refer to what you said earlier

VOCABULARY qualifications FUNCTION clarifying opinions

1A Discuss. Which jobs do you think require the most 3A Work in pairs and discuss. Do you think people

IT
qualifications? with a lot of qualifications are usually intelligent?
In my country you have to study for six years to become an B 7.5 Listen to two people discussing
architect.

B Read the text. What did Steve Eichel do? Why?

N
intelligence. What do they talk about?
a) intelligent animals
U
b) intelligent people

S
c) ‘intelligent’ technology
teve Eichel, a psychologist, was worried about
E
the number of therapists with false diplomas C Answer the questions, then listen again to check.
and degrees. He thought it was too easy to get 1 Why does the man think the boy from Egypt is
PL

these qualifications. So, one day, he decided to do an intelligent?

experiment. Eichel had a cat called Zoe. Using the 2 Why does the woman think her two friends are
name Zoe D Katze (in German, the name means Zoe intelligent? What did/do they do?
the Cat), Eichel applied for a number of diplomas and a 3 Why are qualifications useful, according to the
M

degree in hypnotherapy for his cat. He completed some woman?

forms, paid the money, and invented a CV and a job for 4 What does the woman say about ‘real life
SA

Zoe at the Tacayllaermi Friends School (Tacayllaermi experience, going out and meeting people, talking,
backwards spells ‘I’m really a cat’). In a few weeks, the travelling’?
cat had two diplomas and a PhD.
4A Complete the phrases in the table.

offering opinions
2A Work in pairs. What do the words in bold mean? Which
The 1 I say (he’s intelligent) is (that)
words are shown in the photos?
For me
1 What qualifications do you have? Apart from school exams,
what other exams have you taken or will you take in the future? In 2 view
2 In your country, when you leave school do you get a certificate? I do think
3 Do you have a driving licence? What other licences can you I must say
get? giving examples
4 Have you ever done an online course? For example,
5 Is distance learning popular in your country? Is it more popular Let me 3 you (an/another) example.
than face-to-face learning? Which do you prefer?
For 4 thing
6 For which professions do you have to do an apprenticeship?
Does the company usually pay you while you do your training? B 7.6 Listen to some three-word phrases from
7 Do you have a degree? From which university? Exercise 4A. Which word is stressed?
8 Do you know anyone with an MA or a PhD? What subject, and
C 7.7 Listen to the full sentences. Copy the
in which university, did they do it?
stress patterns.
B Discuss the questions in groups. ➠ page 130 LANGUAGEBANK

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 7.3

SPEAKING
8A Read the job advertisement. What qualifications
does it mention?
Guides needed for Eco-Tours cruise ships
Location: along the River Nile
Salary: £20,000
Duration: 6 months (includes four 5-week tours)
Date posted: 18th July 09.22
Duties: introduce tourists to the plant and animal life of the
Nile, organise day trips for tourists, write a regular blog.
Must speak Arabic and English plus one other language.
Must have a tour guide licence, a university degree, and
basic qualifications in biology and/or land management.

B Work in groups of three. Student A: read about

5 Complete the sentences with the words/phrases in the candidate A. Student B: read about candidate B. Student C:
box. Do you agree with the statements? read about candidate C. What benefits can they bring to the
job? Are there any skills or qualifications they don’t have?
must In my Let me give The reason I
For one For example I do For Candidate A

IT
Suresh Perera,
1 I must say many creative people are bad Sri Lanka, 42
students. , most artists and musicians don’t
• was a tour guide in Sri Lanka
have many academic qualifications.
2 me, qualifications aren’t that important.
thing, they don’t show a person’s character.
N (2 years), geography teacher in
Saudi Arabia (10 years)
U• has a tour guide licence and MA in
3 view, face-to-face learning will disappear. Geography
say that is because people want to study • speaks English, Arabic, Tamil
from home, so they prefer distance learning.
E
• visited Egypt many times, knows the
4 think geniuses usually have personal culture and people
problems. you an example: Vincent Van • hobbies: sailing and swimming
PL

Gogh suffered from depression.

Candidate B
LEARN TO refer to what you said earlier Dr. Ahmed Nasari, Egypt, 54
M

• biologist (20 years),

6 Read the phrases from the audio script and answer experience in 11 countries.
questions 1–3.
SA

• PhD in marine biology

a) Like I said, he doesn’t go to school but, for me, he’s • published three books about
super-intelligent. marine biology, writes regularly for
b) Having said that, I do think qualifications are useful. biology journals
c) Exactly. That’s what I was saying. Just like the boy from Egypt. • speaks Arabic, English, basic German
• will take the exam for a tour
Which phrase shows that you: guide licence next month
1 have already given an opinion that someone else is now • wants to research animal life
giving? in the Nile
2 have already said something?
3 have said something but now want to give a different
opinion?
Candidate C
Delilah Olufunwa, Nigeria, 28
7 Complete the conversation using the phrases below. • former TV actress and model,
then tour guide in Nigeria
Like I said, Having said that, That’s what I was saying. • degree in performing arts
• excellent physical fitness
A: I think online courses are great if you can’t travel to class. (qualified scuba diver, strong swimmer)
I prefer to have a real teacher. • speaks English, Arabic, Spanish,
B: I agree. You learn more with other people in the room. Portuguese, French, is studying Japanese
A: , an online teacher is not the same. • loves animals and nature
B: I’ve done some online courses, though. It was really
convenient because I could study at home. C Present your candidate to your group. Who should get
A: . They’re great for people who can’t travel. the job? Why?
87

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7.4 WATER SKI CHALLENGE

DVD PREVIEW DVD VIEW

1 Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 3 Watch the DVD. Choose the correct summary.
1 Do you enjoy sport? Which ones? 1 Christine completed the challenge without ever falling
2 Have you ever tried to learn a new sport? How off her skis.
successful were you? Why? 2 Christine attempted to cross the Channel but failed.
3 Have you ever won a sporting competition or 3 Christine crossed the Channel successfully despite
attempted a sporting challenge? How did you feel? falling a lot during the first half.
4 Christine nearly completed the challenge, but fell at
2A Read about the programme below. What is the end and broke her leg.
Christine’s challenge exactly? Why is she doing it?
What are the problems? 4A Watch the DVD and number the statements in the
order you hear them.
a) ‘My arms and body hurt so much, but I just don’t want
The One Show: to give up.’
Water Ski Challenge b) ‘She’s fallen in ten times in ten miles, and that simply

S
isn’t good enough for this challenge. She has got to
port Relief is a UK charity which

IT
(dig in now, and) start to focus.’
asks celebrities to perform sporting
c) ‘After several falls into the freezing water, I already feel
challenges in order to raise money for people like I can’t take much more.’
in Africa. After visiting Uganda with Sport
Relief Christine Bleakley, a presenter on The
N
d) ‘I can see France, and nothing is going to stop me.’
e) ‘The first woman to water ski across the Channel,
U
One Show (a BBC magazine show), decided
in the winter, having only got on water skis four
to accept a sporting challenge herself. months ago. She is remarkable. It’s a truly outstanding
She agreed to water ski across the English achievement.’
E
Channel from the UK to France. It was an f) ‘This challenge is incredibly tough. She is going to be
incredibly tough challenge because Christine operating in sub-zero temperatures for over 90 minutes.’
PL

had never been on water skis before. After g) ‘I am determined not to fall in, but I soon realise that
a few months training, she attempted the determination might not be enough.’
crossing in the middle of winter. Would her
physical and mental determination help her B Watch the DVD again and decide who says what.
M

to complete the challenge, or would she give Mark statements with a C (Christine) or a T (trainer).
up half way? Could she add this outstanding C Discuss. What do you think of what Christine
SA

achievement to her already successful career? achieved? Would you do anything like this in order to
raise money to help people in Africa? Why/Why not?

B Match the words/phrases in bold in the text with

their definitions 1–6.
1 very difficult
2 tried
3 stop doing something (because it is difficult)
4 something that tests your skill or ability
5 excellent/very impressive
6 desire to continue doing something even when it is difficult

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 speakout an achievement writeback an internet post
5A 7.8 Listen to someone talking about a recent challenge/ 6A Read the internet post and answer the
achievement. Answer the questions. questions. What was Jim’s challenge? What
1 What was her challenge? helped him to learn?
2 Was it a good or bad experience?
3 What did she find easy? A Beautiful Language, by Jim
4 What problem(s) did she have?
5 Did she succeed? I was never very good at languages when
I was at school so learning Welsh was a
B Listen again and tick the key phrases you hear. huge challenge for me. I wanted to learn
Welsh because I was living in Wales and my
keyphrases wife spoke Welsh. So, I decided to enrol
for a course at the university and go for
I found it really easy/quite difficult.
classes twice a week. I soon fell in love with
It was the … I had trouble with. the language – it’s so gentle and musical.
I was/We were very nervous. I began to realise how many people living
At first, I couldn’t … but then I started to … around me loved and treasured their

IT
national language. Welsh has beautiful
One thing I tried … expressions and has often been called
I tried to/experimented with … but it didn’t work/I couldn’t … the language of poets. It’s not an easy
I got very frustrated/annoyed/tired.
I didn’t know how to …
N language to learn, but it’s very satisfying.
I feel like I’ve achieved a lot. Now, when
I go into my local shop, I try to speak to
U
I’m (so) glad/Eventually I managed it. people in Welsh. I’m sure I make a lot of
It was a (really) difficult challenge/good experience … mistakes, but everyone is very kind to me,
and they always smile.
For me, it was quite an achievement.
E

B The My Story website publishes stories

PL

C You are going to talk about a recent challenge/achievement.

Before you talk, make some notes on the following: from the public about their experiences and
• What was your challenge? (Were you learning a new sport/how achievements. Write your own story (120–180
to drive, etc?) words) to submit to the website. Use the words
M

in bold above and the key phrases to help.

• Where were you?
• How did you feel?
SA

• What was the experience like?/What did the challenge involve?

• Who helped you?
• Did you try any special techniques?
• Did you succeed?

D Work in groups and take turns. Tell each other about your
experiences. Who had the funniest/most interesting/most
embarrassing experience?

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7.5 LOOKBACK

SUCCESS ABILITY CLARIFYING OPINIONS

1A Underline the correct 3 Complete the text with the 5A Complete the conversations
alternative to complete the quotes. words in the box. by adding your opinions and giving
Which quotes do you think could be examples.
important for you? Why? hopeless gifted skilful 1 A: I think that, to be happy, people
1 ‘When you are not believing/ useless expert ability have need to have dreams and
practising, remember someone else ambitions.
is believing/practising, and when B: For me, . Let
you meet him he will win.’ As a child, I was 1 hopeless at school.
me give you an example:
I was 2 at maths, English,
2 ‘I was seldom able to see an .
science, everything, because I just
opportunity/a talent until it had didn’t 3 an aptitude for 2 A: The most important thing to
ceased to be one.’ that kind of study. One day we were remember is, if you want to be
3 ‘Focus on/in where you want to go, playing football and the ball got stuck successful in anything, it’s hard
not on what you fear.’ in a tree. I climbed the tree to get work, not talent that gets you
4 ‘Some people dream of success, it, and one of my teachers, John there.
while other people wake up and Marston, looking out of the staffroom B: I do think .
work hard on/at it.’ window, noticed that I was a talented The reason I say this is

IT
climber. He was an 4 in .
B Work in pairs and discuss. climbing – he’d been in the Alps 3 A: Being rich or famous is not the
1 Do you know anyone who is a high and up Mount Kilimanjaro – and he same as being successful.
achiever? What have they done?
2 What are you focusing on at the
N
invited me to try it one weekend.
I really enjoyed it. After a month,
he told me I was a very 5
B: In my view,
For example,
.
.
U
moment in your work/studies? 4 A: There is too much focus on
climber for my age. I left school three
3 How do you think you can get years later with no qualifications, but I sporting achievement. Games
better at speaking English? kept climbing regularly until I became aren’t important.
E
very 6 at it. In my early B: I must say .
PRESENT PERFECT twenties, I became a professional For one thing, .
PL

climber. I’ll always remember Mr 5 A: If you want to be successful

CONTINUOUS Marston because he showed me I had in your job, you need a good
2A Complete the sentences with an 7 which no one else, education and you need to
the present perfect continuous form including me, knew about. understand modern technology.
M

of the verbs in brackets. B: In my opinion, __________.

1 I (practise) PRESENT AND PAST ABILITY For one thing, __________.
learning my lines. Rehearsals start 4A Underline the correct For another, __________.
SA

next week. alternative.

2 I (visit) B Work in groups and take
1 I can to/am can/can type very fast. turns. Share your opinions with
patients in their homes.
2 When I first heard English, I not each other and ask follow-up
3 I (mark) able/not could/couldn’t understand
homework for hours. questions.
anything.
4 I (try) some 3 Even when I’m stressed, I’m usually
new ideas for a recipe. able to/can/able sleep.
5 I (research) a 4 I recently had a problem but I can
news story. able to/was able to/managed solve it.
B Think of a job to go with each 5 I ’m not able/was able not/wasn’t
able to do the job of my dreams VIDEO PODCAST
sentence above. Write two or three
(not yet, anyway). Watch people talking
sentences that this person could say
at the end of a busy day. Use the 6 Last weekend I managed about their greatest
present perfect continuous. to/managed/am managed to relax achievements on
completely. ActiveBook or on the
I’ve been reading all day. I’ve been
website.
saying my lines out loud. B Tick the sentences that are true
for you. Compare your answers
C Work in pairs. Take turns to say
with other students.
your sentences. Can your partner
I can’t type very fast, but I don’t have BBC interviews
guess the job? Authentic
to look at the letters when I type.
[Link]/speakout

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 VOCABULARY BANK

FAMILY
1 Complete the family tree with the words in the box.

in-laws sister-in-law niece nephew grandparents on my mother’s side ex-husband stepfather stepdaughter

Grandpa Grandma Grandpa Grandma

in laws

x
Father-in-law Mother-in-law
Uncle Aunty
Father Mother

IT
x
Cousin
Sister N Brother
U
Me Husband
E
PL

Daughter Son
M

COLLOCATIONS with take, get, do and go

SA

1 Add the words/expressions in italics to the correct places in each word web.
1 your best, exercise, nothing for you, the cleaning 3 a look, the blame, sugar, ages

a hobby medicine
(action) (swallow)

well ten minutes

(good effort) (use time)
Do the washing up Take a photo
(something at home) (action)

you good responsibility

(be affected) (accepting something)

2 fired, a prize, excited, food poisoning 4 on holiday, crazy, together, badly

a good salary blind

(earn) (become)

a job (change your well

work situation) (happen)
Get flu/a cold Go by bus
(become ill) (travel)

depressed with
(become) (fit)
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 VB

PREPOSITIONS of place
1 Match descriptions 1–5 with
pictures A–E.
1 They drove along the motorway, and
over the bridge.
2 They went around the city.
3 They drove through the main square,
past the post office and turned left by
the station. Ch
erarton

4 The hotel is near the city centre, between

the National Museum and the cathedral.
5 The house is next to the supermarket,
opposite the cinema.
A B

IT
N
U
C D E
E

NEWS
PL

1 Read the text and match the words/phrases in bold with definitions 1–13 below.

T
1 continued to _____ _____
M

2 a group of criminals who work together wo security guards were kidnapped and held hostage for
_____ twelve hours by a gang of armed robbers, who attempted
SA

3 took someone away because they have to raid a security depot. The robbers held the guards at
done something illegal _____ gunpoint and forced them to hand over keys and security information.
4 thieves carrying weapons _____ _____ They then proceeded to fill a lorry with more than £53 million in
5 an attack by criminals on a bank, shop, notes. Another £150 million was left behind because there was no more
etc., to steal money or valuable things room in the getaway vehicle. Luckily, one of the guards managed to
_____
raise the alarm, and the police arrived and arrested the gang before
6 (doing something) while threatening to
they could escape. Eye witnesses said that they saw at least eight men
shoot someone _____ _____
being arrested.
7 people whose job it is to protect people
or a place, or to make sure that a person
does not escape _____ _____
8 leave a place or dangerous situation when
someone is trying to catch you _____
9 people who saw the crime _____ _____
10 tried _____
11 warn people that something bad is
happening _____ _____ _____
12 made someone do this _____
13 a vehicle for the escape _____ _____

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 VOCABULARY BANK

COMMUNICATION
1A Underline the phrases in sentences 1–8 which involve B Match the underlined phrases in
communicating. Exercise 1A with phrases a)–h) below.
1 She tried to get hold of you but your mobile was dead. a)talk to
2 I’m going to have a chat with Tom about his appearance. b)disagree
3 The film director got in touch with him through his agent. c)contact you get hold of you
4 I don’t get what you mean. d)apologised
5 She goes on and on about her problems – it’s so boring! e)understand
6 I’m so pleased we’ve stayed in touch all these years. f)maintained contact
7 We said sorry for the mess. g)contacted
8 They sometimes have arguments about money. h)talks too much

IDIOMS
1A Match pictures A–F with the idioms in the box.

IT
be in two minds let your hair down break the ice travel light
learn (something) by heart go window shopping

N
U
E
PL
M

A B C
SA

D E F

B Complete the sentences with the idioms above.

1 Tomorrow there’s a test on this poem. I have to _____ it 4 He always _____ _____. He only takes one suitcase even
_____ _____. for long trips.
2 I’m _____ _____ _____. I don’t know if I want the black 5 I’ve got no money at the moment but we can go _____
one or the red one. _____ if you want.
3 Everyone was nervous, so Jackie told a few jokes to 6 You’ve been working non-stop. Why don’t you go out
_____ _____ _____. and _____ _____ _____ _____?

C What do you think the idioms mean? Use a dictionary to help you.

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 VB

PERSONAL QUALITIES WORKING LIFE

1A Complete the sentences with the 1 Match descriptions 1–3 with jobs A–C.
adjectives in the box.
1
I work as a _____ for a large
reliable sensible easy-going corporation. I usually work nine-to-five,
aggressive clever/bright honest but sometimes I have to work late. My
lazy punctual moody job involves checking and responding to
independent emails, answering phone enquiries and
organising my boss’s diary. A Window cleaner
1 She is very _________. She works well by
herself.
2
2 You never know what to expect. She’s I’m an _____. I tend to work long
very _________, so one minute she’s happy, hours. I’m responsible for a small
and the next minute, she’s shouting at you. team of people. I spend a lot of my
3 She’s very _________. I’m sure she will time attending meetings, and dealing
know what to do if there’s a difficult with problems. I advise clients on their
situation. accounts and write updates and reports
for the website.
4 He’s extremely _________. He is never B Personal assistant

IT
late for appointments.
5 My new manager is very _________. She 3
I’m a _____. Lots of people wouldn’t
doesn’t mind what time we get to work,
like what I do, because it’s an outdoor
what we wear. She never looks stressed.
6 He always tells the truth. He’s very
N
job, and it’s a physical job, but I love
it. I work for myself, so I can be very
U
_________. independent, and I work flexible hours,
7 She likes to do as little work as possible. which is good for me. It’s a very sociable
She’s a bit _________. job, too. I talk to people all day long. I
E

8 He’s very _________. He learns very couldn’t do an office job. I would die of
quickly. boredom! C Accountant
PL

9 You know that you can trust and depend

on him. He’s hardworking and very B Work in pairs. What do the phrases in bold mean?
_________.
10 He nearly attacked one of his employees
CONFUSING WORDS
M

when he arrived late for the meeting. He’s

very _________. 1A Choose the correct option from the words in bold to complete the
SA

te! pairs of sentences.

You’re la 1 actually • currently
a) I expected the first week in my new job to be awful, but _______ it was fine.
b) I am _______ working in London, but before I was working in Paris.
2 career • course
a) She’s doing a Spanish _______ at the moment, and she’s really enjoying it.
b) Ted spent most of his _______ as a teacher.
3 borrow • lend
a) Do you think you could _______ me a pen?
b) I had to _______ some money from a friend.
B Look at the adjectives in the box again.
Do they describe positive or negative 4 argument • discussion
characteristics? Do you have any of these a) We had an interesting _______ about the Prime Minister and we all
characteristics? agreed he should resign.
b) I had an _______ with my mother. She’s always telling me what to do!
5 miss • lose
a) Hurry up, or we’ll _______ the bus.
b) Why do I always _______ my car keys?

B Check your answers in a dictionary.

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 VOCABULARY BANK

TECHNOLOGY
1 Match words/phrases 1–10
with pictures A–J.
1 plug it in
2 press the button
3 have an injection A B C
4 have an operation
5 run out of petrol
6 break down
7 (not) get a connection
8 restart/reboot the computer
9 do an experiment
10 switch it on/off

D E F

IT
N
U
G H I J
E

WORD-BUILDING nouns (suffixes)

PL

1A Look at the table which shows six different suffixes used to form
nouns from verbs and adjectives.
M

-ation education relaxation imagination immigration

-ion pollution instruction depression competition
SA

-ment entertainment improvement employment agreement

-ing running smoking laughing eating
-ness weakness loneliness happiness kindness
-ity creativity stupidity sensitivity responsibility

B Cover the table and complete sentences 1–10 with the correct form of
the verbs/adjectives in brackets.
1 I think a bit of __________ (compete) in schools is a good thing.
2 There has been a great __________ (improve) in his work recently.
3 Dealing with problem clients is not my __________ (responsible).
4 __________ (lonely) is one of the worst aspects of getting old.
5 He suffers from __________ (depress).
6 Try to use your __________ (imagine).
7 I couldn’t believe my own __________ (stupid)!
8 There is live __________ (entertain) from 8p.m.
9 I was amazed by his __________ (kind).
10 I didn’t hear the last __________ (instruct).

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 COMMUNICATION BANK

1.2 1.3
4C Look at your drawing. Does it include these things? 8A Student B: read your instructions below.
1 wheels 2 handlebar 3 saddle 4 chain You want to do a course at a famous business school
which is well-known for its practical courses. It will give you
contacts in the business world. Think about these things:
• the business you want to start
• relevant work experience you have with another
company
Student A will interview you for the course. He/She will ask
about your:
• reason for doing the course
• work experience
• expectations of the course
• plans for the future
Prepare your answers and think of some questions to ask
about the school.

IT
5 crossbar 6 pedals

2.1
1.2
8B Read the text and check your answers.
N
2A Read and check your answers.
U
Fact or fiction:

1
E
Fiction: the film The Last Samurai does tell the story of
Stella magazine commissioned YouGov, a research the samurai rebellion, but the character Nathan Algren did not
PL

agency, to interview over 1,000 women in the UK

about what they really think. Here are some of the exist.
results.
80% of women say that losing their health is their 2 Fiction: in truth, we know very little about William
M

greatest concern, followed by putting on weight Shakespeare’s personal life, or what provided his inspiration.
(52%) and losing their jobs (24%). It seems that British
women aren’t too happy with their bodies: 23% of
3 Partly true: whilst Gladiator did take a few liberties with
SA

women are on a diet now and 58% have gone on a

diet in the past. Only 4% of women do more than 7 history, it’s true that the Emperor was killed by a gladiator in
hours’ exercise per week, while 21% do no exercise at the Roman baths.
all.
The biggest challenge for modern women is balancing 4 Partly true: the film Braveheart does tell the story of how
home and work life (82%), followed by bringing up
happy children (56%) and finding time for themselves
William Wallace fought to free Scotland, but kilts were not
(52%). worn in Scotland until 300 years later. And there are many
As for their love lives, 9% of women aged 45–54 met other historical inaccuracies.
their husbands through the internet, and 49% of
women believe that the best age to get married is
between 25 and 29.
5 Partly true: the film Apollo 13 was praised for its
accuracy. Much of the dialogue was taken directly from
And what about the relationships between men
and women? 59% think fathers should take more recordings. However, the pilot’s exact words were, ‘OK,
responsibility for their children. These women are Houston, we’ve had a problem here’.
also less than content with their husbands’ efforts at
home: 51% say they currently do over 75% of the
housework. Despite this, over 70% of women would
prefer to have a male boss than a female.
And their heroes? The woman they most admire is ex-
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (7%), followed by
the Queen (5%).

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 COMMUNICATION BANK

5.1 4.1
6B Which do you think is the best form of 7A Work out your score. Add up the number of points (0, 1 or 2) for
transport, A–E for each challenge? Why? each answer. Use your total to find out if you work like a millionaire.
Compare your ideas with other students.
Question 1: a) 0 b) 1 c) 2

H i, I’m James May. I’m a car Question 2: a) 1 b) 2 c) 0

journalist and BBC presenter. Question 3: a) 0 b) 1 c) 2
Welcome to my Big Ideas. In this Question 4: a) 1 b) 2 c) 0
challenge, we’re going to explore some of Question 5: a) 0 b) 1 c) 2
the ways of getting from A to B using a Key:
range of transport options.
Score 8–10 You work like a millionaire!
Mostly we’reStudent
lookingBat transport You are very ambitious and enjoy your work. Keep going. Sooner or later
available today
7A but
Lookthere’s
at thea couple that
notes and all your hard work will pay off and you can live like a millionaire, too.
are just around the corner, so we’ll
describe a big moment in history. Score 6–7 You have millionaire potential!
pretend we’re a few
Think years
about theinto the future.
questions on page You understand hard work, and if you make it your top priority, you
000 to help you.
Challenges could be a millionaire, too. Keep focused on your goal.
The rise of the computer
1 Challenge: Get to Scotland – easily Score 0–5 You don’t work like a millionaire!

IT
1981 – IBM launched the first
I’m in London and need to get to The clearest characteristics of self-made millionaires is that they
personal computer. Microsoft
Scotland. I need to get there as quickly as work hard and they enjoy their work. You seem to prefer a work–life
wrote the software.
I [Link] only problem is I’m too tired to
By 1984
actually drive IBM Iwas
anything.
PCs a year.
selling
want
Apple
three
to put
feet up and do the crossword on the way. a
my million
launched
N
balance, where work and money are not your top priorities.
U
rival, the Macintosh, which used a
Transport: _____
mouse and icons. 4.1
2 Challenge:1985Get
– Microsoft launched
to concert in Hyde 9B Read the vocabulary notes and check your answers.
E
Windows and used
Park – without sitting in traffic some of the
same tools.
OK, for this challenge I’ve got to get remember • remind
PL

to a classical music concert in Hyde If you remember something, a fact or event from the past, or
Park (Central London). If I fly, I’ll need something you earlier decided to do, comes back into your mind:
transport from the airport. Got any He suddenly remembered he had to go to the bank.
good ideas? If someone reminds you to do something, or something reminds you of
M

Transport: _____ something, they make you remember it:

Remind me to call him later today.
3 Challenge: Go to see elephants in forget • leave
SA

Africa – quickly If you want to talk about the place where you have left something, use
Do you ever want to experience the the verb leave, not the verb forget. Compare:
wonders of the world? Me, too. Right I’ve forgotten my book and I’ve forgotten my keys.
now I want to see elephants, maybe I’ve left my keys in the car.
even feed a few and I’m not talking Don’t say: I’ve forgotten my keys in the car.
about a trip to a zoo here in Great listen • hear
Britain. I want to see them in their If you hear something, you know that sound has been made, and can
natural environment. Get me to Africa. often recognise what it is:
And get me there, and back again, fast. Did you hear that noise?
If you listen to something or someone, you pay attention to the words,
Transport: _____
sounds and music that they are making:
4 Challenge: See Moulin Rouge in I am sorry, could you repeat the question? I wasn’t listening.
Paris – efficiently fun • funny
I fancy an expensive night out, let’s go to Use fun to talk about events and activities that are enjoyable, such as
Paris to see the Moulin Rouge. But, I want games and parties:
to be green, so I want to get there using Let’s go to the beach and have some fun.
the most energy-efficient way possible. Funny is an adjective that describes someone or something that makes
Transport: _____ you laugh:
Bob’s jokes are really funny.
5 Challenge:Get out of here – quickly earn • win
Oh dear – I’ve upset someone. I need to Use earn to talk about getting money by working:
get out of here quickly. She earns about $50,000 a year.
Transport: _____ Use win to say that someone gets a prize in a game or competition.
Brian won first prize in the skating competition.
84

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 CB

2.1 5.2
10A Student B: make Have you ever ...? questions using 1B Check your answers.
the prompts. 1 Nobody has ever done it, but in theory, yes it is possible.
1 win an award/competition/some money 2 Any heavy meal can make you dream more (because you
2 eat something very unusual spend more time in REM sleep). But cheese doesn’t cause
3 break a bone in your body more dreams (good or bad) than any other food.
4 lock yourself out of the house 3 Because the heavier you are, the more difficult it is to
push you out of the ring (which is how you win a sumo
5 ride a horse/donkey/camel/motorbike
wrestling match).
6 climb a mountain/run more than 2 km
4 No. Wasps do drink nectar from flowers but they don’t
use it to make honey.
3.2 5 Yes. If you travel, you’ll notice that you can see different
constellations of stars. This is because the surface of the
8C Check your answers. Earth is curved.
1 False. Compare: I said the wrong thing. (formal) I put 6 When we cut an onion, it releases a substance called
my foot in it. (informal) Not everyone will want them. lachrymatory-factor synthase. When a very small amount
(formal) They are not everyone’s cup of tea. goes in your eye it irritates the eye. We then produce
tears (we cry) to wash the substance away.

IT
2 True. I hate small talk. I just want to talk about the
important business. We can’t say: I hate talk small.
3 True. They don’t have much time. They’re working
against the clock. (present continuous) Tomorrow we
have a lot of things to do. We’re going to work against
N
3.3
6B
U
the clock. (be going to for future plans) Change roles and role-play the situation.
4 True. What’s on your mind? = What are you thinking? Student A Student B
or It’s an issue close to my heart. = I feel passionate
E
about it. You are a guest at a hotel.
Your room is too small.
PL

Ten minutes ago you called

3.3 reception to ask if there
1B Read the end of the story. are any suites available.
Then room service arrived
M

You are a receptionist at with a trolley of sweets

T
he waiter said, ‘Mr Carson has already paid your a hotel. A guest calls to (cakes, ice cream, etc.). Call
bill.’ The producer thought this was incredibly make a complaint. Start reception to make your
SA

generous. So the next morning he called Carson the conversation by saying complaint.
and said, ‘That was so nice of you. How generous you ‘Reception. How can I help
are!’ Carson started to laugh and said, ‘I didn’t know that you?’
all those people outside were with you. I thought it was ‘Hello. Yes, I’m afraid I have
just the people at the table!’ a problem …’ Explain the
The bill? About ten thousand dollars. Apologise for the problem again and ask if
misunderstanding. Explain there is a suite available.
that there are no suites
available at the moment, but
there will be tomorrow.
Check details and thank the
receptionist for their help.

Confirm details, apologise

again and end the call.

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 COMMUNICATION BANK

4.2
11 Choose one of the job advertisements below and
write your covering letter.

Fashion designer wanted:

We are looking for a graphic designer with a
background in the fashion [Link] should have
relevant experience and be up-to-date with fashion
trends. Strong hand illustration as well as computer
design is essential. Please submit a copy of your CV
with relevant samples of work.

Teaching assistant, Bahamas

Primary school is looking for a teaching assistant to
start ASAP. The school is a short walk from the beach.
No formal qualifications are necessary; however, a
genuine love for the job is required. Please forward

IT
CVs or contact me for further information.

Travel writer required.

Travel writer wanted to join our small team. The
successful applicant will travel around the world, N
U
staying in luxury hotels, and dining in fine restaurants.
He/She will need to send a weekly update, including
a short review. No previous experience required,
E
but good communication skills and a love of travel
essential.
PL
M
SA

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 LANGUAGE BANK
GRAMMAR

zero and first conditionals Use the first conditional to talk about possible
Zero and first conditionals are sometimes called ‘ real conditionals’ situations in the future and their consequences. If you
because they talk about situations which are always true, or events are sure about the result, use will/won’t. If you’re not
which are possible or probable in the future. sure, use could/might.
zero conditional We can change the order of the sentence, but
if/when is always followed by the present simple.
if/when + present simple + present simple
If my train arrives on time, I’ll meet you at ten
o
If/When You* heat water to 100 Centigrade, it boils. o’clock. Or I’ll meet you at ten o’clock if my train
* Here you is a general subject meaning ‘anyone’ or ‘people in general’. arrives on time. NOT if my train will arrive on time.
Use the zero conditional to talk about a general situation, or In first conditional sentences, if and when have
something which is always true (a fact). different meanings. Use if when you are not sure if the
situation will happen: If I pass my exams, I’ll be very
If plants don’t have water, they die. Ice melts if you heat it. (You
here refers to ‘anyone’, or people generally, not ‘you’ specifically.)
happy. Use when for a situation which you know will
happen: When I pass my exams, I’ll have a party.
6.1 If/When can come at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.
Unless has the meaning of ‘if not’ or ‘except in this
If I’m not in the office by 8a.m., my boss gets angry. My boss gets situation’.
angry if I’m not in the office by 8a.m.
I’ll go straight to the restaurant, unless you call me
If and when have the same meaning in zero conditional sentences. In first. (I will go straight to the restaurant, if you don’t
this case if means ‘when this happens’ or ‘every time this happens’. call me first.)

IT
When I’m feeling stressed, I eat chocolate. If I’m feeling stressed, I Note the difference between zero and first
eat chocolate. conditional in the sentences below.
first conditional
if/when + present simple + will/could/might + verb
N If you sit in the sun, you get sunburn. (Zero
conditional for a general situation/ fact. ‘You’ means
U
anyone, or people in general.)
If you give me your I’ll call you when we’re ready.
phone number, If you sit in the sun, you’ll get sunburn. (First
conditional for a specific situation. I’m talking to you
When you go into the kitchen, you’ll see the keys on the table. (personally) about what will happen today.)
E
PL

second conditional Use If I were you … to give advice: If I were you,

if + past simple + would clause
I’d change teams.
Instead of would, we can use could or should:
If I lived to be 100, I would probably be very tired.
M

If you got really fit, you could probably play

he was the President, he’d make a lot of changes. again.
we bought the house, we’d need to sell our car. It is common to use other expressions in the
SA

Use the second conditional to talk about an unreal or imaginary would clause: would be able to, would need to and
6.2 situation and its consequences. would have to.
In spoken English, would is contracted in the positive and negative form. If I lost my job, I’d need to find another one!
I’d be there if I had time. If she had enough food, she’d feed us all. We would have to cancel the game if it rained.
Would is not usually contracted in the question form. If you bought a larger quantity, we’d be able to
If you passed your exam, would you go to university? Would you offer you a better deal.
help me if I paid you?

giving news responding to Wow! That’s fantastic/great news.

good news I’ve got some good news (for you). good news
Congratulations!
I’m really pleased to tell you … You’re joking!
You’ll never guess what. You lucky thing!
bad news Bad news, I’m afraid. Well done.
6.3 I’m sorry to have to tell you, but … Have you?/Did you?
I’m afraid/Unfortunately, … responding to That’s a shame.
I’m afraid I’ve got some bad news … bad news
That’s terrible/awful.
There’s something I’ve got to tell you. That’s really annoying.
good or bad news You know …? Well, … I’m really sorry to hear that.
I’ve/We’ve got something to tell you.

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 LB 6
PRACTICE

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in 2 Underline the correct alternative.
brackets. 1 You can’t come to the conference unless/if/
1 If I _______ (pass) my exams, my teacher _______ (be) very surprised. when you’re invited.
2 When we ________ (visit) my mother, she usually ________ (look 2 I’m not talking to you unless/if/when you
after) the children. calm down first.
3 When Gaby ________ (leave) her job in the summer, she ________ 3 They’ll arrive as soon as dinner is/will be/
(worry) about what to do next. won’t be ready.
4 If I ________ (not find) any cheap tickets, we ________ (not go) to Malta. 4 They’ll cancel the flight if/unless/when the
5 If you ________ (not water) plants, they ________ (die). weather is bad.
6.1
6 I ________ (be) surprised if Martha ________ (come) to the party. 5 If you eat all of that chocolate mousse, you
She said she wasn’t feeling well. ’ll feel/feel/won’t feel ill.
7 If you ________ (get) lost, do you usually ________ (ask) someone 6 We’ll organise a taxi when we know/will
for directions? know/might know what time the concert
starts.
8 They ________ (not come) unless you ________ (invite) them.
7 When I see a spider, I always scream/might
9 If it ________ (be) a nice day, I ________ (like) to go for a run in the scream/will scream.
morning.
8 I’ll get some money as soon as the bank will
10 I _____ (listen) to classical music when I _____ (want) to relax. open/opens/might open.

IT
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the 2 Write answers to the questions using the prompts.
verbs in brackets. Use contractions where possible.
1 If I _____ (sell) my house now, it _____ (not/be) worth N
Use contractions.
1 A: Can we walk to the game?
U
very much. B: No. (be/late)
2 _____ (your parents/come) if I _____ (organise) a party? If we walked to the game, we’d be late .
3 He _____ (not/be) able to study here if _____ (not/
E
2 A: Why doesn’t the team enter the competition?
pass) that exam.
B: (it/lose)
4 If you _____ (lose) your passport, _____ (need) visit the
PL

If the team ______________________________.

consulate.
3 A: Can I borrow his car?
5 They _____ (be) healthier if _____ (not/eat) so much
junk food. B: No. (get/angry)
6.2
M

6 If you _____ (write) a novel, what _____ (call) it? If you __________________________________.
7 If the students _____ (not/have) internet access, _____ 4 A: Why don’t we call her now?
(find) it difficult. B: No. (we/wake her up)
SA

8 We _____ (not/work) there if the boss _____ (not/ If we ___________________________________.

give) us a lot of freedom. 5 A: Why can’t we start the project again?
9 Where _____ (she/live) if _____ (have) to move to a B: (waste/money)
different country?
If we __________________________________.
10 If he _____ (can) study on Tuesdays, _____ (not/need)
6 A: Can we extend our holiday?
to come on Wednesday.
B: No. (miss/school)
If we ___________________________________.

1 Complete the conversations.

1 A: You’ll never _____ what. 3 A: There’s _____ I’ve got to tell you.
B: What? B: What is it?
A: I’m moving to Australia. A: I’ve decided to leave my job at the university.
B: You’re _____! B: I’m _____ to hear that. What’s the problem?
6.3 A: No, I’m leaving in March. 4 A: I’m _____ we’re going to be late.
B: You _____ thing. B: Why? What’s happened?
2 A: I’ve passed my exams! A: The flight’s been delayed.
B: _____ you? Congratulations! B: Oh, that’s a _____. That’s really _____.
A: Yes, I got the results this morning.

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 LANGUAGE BANK
GRAMMAR

present perfect simple vs continuous Use the present perfect continuous to emphasise the
present perfect continuous length or duration of an activity.
I’ve been doing yoga for years. (but I’m still not very
+ I ’ve/have been reading a book.
good at it)
She ’s/has playing the piano.
He’s been playing football since he was three.
- You haven’t listening to me. As with other continuous forms, do not use the
? Have you going there for a long time? present perfect continuous with state verbs (e.g. love,
7.1 Use the present perfect simple or continuous for actions/ hate, enjoy, know, etc.). With these verbs, use the
activities which started in the past and continue until now. present perfect simple.
I’ve studied German for six years. I’ve been studying German I’ve known him for ages. NOT I’ve been knowing
for six years. him for ages.
Often, there is little change in meaning between the two tenses We often use for, since and How long have you …?
(especially for verbs such as live, work, teach, study). with the present perfect simple and continuous.
I’ve lived here for years. I’ve been living here for years. How long have you been waiting for? She’s been
working here since 2010.

present and past ability Expressions to talk about ability at a particular moment

IT
modal verbs to talk about ability We can use be able to to talk about one particular situation.
present past We are able to offer you a special discount on the fridge
today. She didn’t answer her phone so I wasn’t able to
+
-
I can cook.
I can’t drive.
I could run fast.
He couldn’t do maths.
N
speak to her.
Use manage to to show that an action is/was difficult.
U
? Can you speak Could you cook when
present past
Spanish? you were younger?
We can also use be able to to talk about ability. + I usually manage to We managed to book
7.2
E
finish my work on time. a great hotel.
present past - I don’t always manage She didn’t manage to
PL

+ She’s able to write Aged three, I was able to speak to my parents pass the exam.
well. to read. every week.
- He’s not able to Aged two, he wasn’t ? Do you manage to Did you manage to
drive. able to walk. see the grandchildren finish washing the
M

? regularly? dishes?
Is he able to speak Were you able to get a
French? job?
SA

clarifying opinions
giving opinions giving examples
The reason I say this is that he For example, she forgot her
didn’t ask our permission. keys yesterday.
For me, there are two options Let me give you an example:
here. there was a festival last week.
In my view, we should stop For one thing, I don’t like caviar.
selling the product.
7.3
I do think we should talk to
them first.
I must say I agree with Robert.

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 LB 7
PRACTICE

1 Complete the sentences with the present perfect simple or 2 Underline the correct alternative to
continuous form of the verbs in the box. Where both forms are complete the sentences.
possible, choose the present perfect continuous. 1 Hi Tariq. I haven’t seen/been seeing you for
ages!
do sit (not) listen hate (not) watch 2 I have been knowing/known Justin since we
study teach (not) know read live wait were at school.
3 Yes, we’ve met/been meeting each other before.
1 I’m tired. I _____ in boring meetings all day.
4 I ’ve been playing/did played the guitar for as
2 They _____ for their exams since five o’clock this morning.
long as I can remember.
7.1 3 I’m glad you’re here. We _____ for you all day.
5 My brother has been travelling/have been
4 I can’t listen to jazz. I _____ always _____ it. travelled around the world for the last two
5 He _____ karate for nearly twenty years. years.
6 You _____ to me. You haven’t heard what I said. 6 He has always been enjoying/enjoyed travelling.
7 She’s got a new job. She _____ economics at the university since June. 7 Excuse me. I ’ve been waiting/have wait for this
8 How long _____ you _____ in the UK? When did you move here? phone call all morning.
9 I _____ TV. I _____ my book. 8 I have studying/have been studying Mandarin for
more than ten years, and I still find it difficult.
10 We _____ each other for very long.

IT
1 Find and correct the mistakes. 2 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Write three words
There are five mistakes in the text.
N
(contractions are one word).
1 She knows how to ride a motorbike.
U
Johnny isn’t able make full sentences
____________________ a motorbike. (can)
but he can to say several words such
as Mama and Dada, which he couldn’t 2 I’m not able to play any instruments.
E
a month ago. He able to understand ____________________ any instruments. (can’t)
various commands like ‘No!’ and 3 Seyi and Denia couldn’t come last night.
‘Come here’ and he recognises his
PL

They ____________________ come last night. (able)

name. He’s becoming more mobile;
yesterday he managed crawl from 4 Were you able to take any photos?
7.2 the living room to the kitchen. He’s ____________________ to take any photos? (manage)
also getting better with his hands. He
M

5 Can you make pizza?

can hold a pen and he sometimes
____________________ to make pizza? (able)
manages to drawing simple pictures.
6 I can usually sleep for eight hours even on a plane.
SA

Usually I ____________________ for eight hours even on a plane. (manage)

7 Were you a fast runner when you were a child?
____________________ fast when you were a child? (could)
8 I haven’t finished my homework.
I ____________________ finish my homework. (managed)

1 Underline the correct alternative.

1 Jackie has been so nice. For example,/For me, she took us 5 I like that laptop. For one thing/I do think it’s a bit heavy,
to the cinema. though.
2 You all think that new restaurant is great, but for one 6 People love the Rolling Stones, but for me,/the reason I
thing/in my view the food isn’t that good. say this is Led Zeppelin is the greatest rock band.
3 Ibrahim said the concert was disappointing, and I must 7 Dogs are the best pets. For another/The reason I say this is
7.3 say/the reason I say I agree. because they are so faithful.
4 Shakespeare borrowed most of his stories. Let me give 8 You should buy that mobile. For one thing, it looks
you an example:/I must say the plot of King Lear is taken fantastic. For another,/For example, it’s cheap.
from a much older story.

131

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 LANGUAGE BANK
GRAMMAR

articles quantifiers
Use a/an (indefinite article): Use some and any when talking about ‘a limited amount/number’
• the first time something is mentioned. I saw a (not a large or small amount/number). We often use some in positive
mouse in the kitchen. sentences. In this instance several can also be used. I have some close
friends. I have several close friends.
• before singular nouns. She’s watching a film.
We also use some in questions, especially in requests and offers. Can
• with jobs. I’m a doctor. He’s an artist.
you give me some sugar? Do you want some help?
Use the (definite article):
We often use any in negatives and questions. I don’t have any children.
• when there is only one of something. I see the sun. Use much and many in questions and negatives. Much is used with large
• when something has been mentioned before. The amounts of an uncountable noun: How much time do we have? Many is
mouse (that I was talking about) was huge! used with large numbers of a countable noun: I don’t have many friends.
• with seas, oceans, rivers and country names that are All means ‘everything/everyone’. We can use it with or without of.
plural or use extra words like Kingdom, e.g. the River All the people here are friendly. All of the people here are friendly.
Danube, the Pacific Ocean, the United Kingdom We use a lot, lots of, and plenty of with large amounts/numbers. We
• before the names of some areas, e.g. the south of usually use these in positive sentences. Plenty of means ‘more than
8.1 France, the coast of Italy enough’ (so there won’t be a problem). I spend a lot of time in Paris.
• with superlatives. Ali was the greatest boxer. Too and too much/many mean ‘more than necessary’. We use much
• with some defining expressions, e.g. the first, the only with uncountable nouns. We use many with countable nouns. This film is
too long. There’s too much salt on this meat.

IT
• in some phrases with prepositions, e.g. in the
morning, at the end, by the next day Enough means ‘as much as we need’. We use it in positive and negative
sentences and questions. I don’t want this task because I have enough
• with dates in spoken English, e.g. the fifth of June
Use no article (zero article):
• to talk generally about things or people. Doctors N
to do. There isn’t enough time. Do you have enough sugar?
None and no can mean ‘zero’. We use none of + noun/pronoun. We
U
use no + noun (without article or possessive adjective). None of the
make more money than nurses. cinemas showed the film. There are no reasons for this.
• with most names of towns, cities, and countries. A few means ‘a small number’. We use it with countable nouns. We
E
• before plural nouns. I bought six bottles of water. usually use it in positive sentences. She knew a few actors.
• in some phrases with prepositions, e.g. on Monday, A little and a bit of mean ‘a small amount’. We use them with
PL

at work, for lunch, on foot uncountable nouns. We usually use them in positive sentences. I asked
• with sports. I like tennis. He plays football. for a little water. I need a bit of help.

relative clauses We can use that instead of which or who. Are you the lady who/that I
M

defining relative clauses spoke to on the phone? Is that the book which/that you lent me?
Use relative clauses to talk about what a person, We can leave out who, which and that when these words are not the
SA

place or thing is or does. subject of the relative clause. Compare: She’s the girl (who) I saw
Use relative pronouns to join the main clause and yesterday. (The subject of the relative clause is I (not who). So we can
the relative clause: omit who.) with She’s the girl who speaks French. (The subject of the
relative clause is who. So we cannot omit who.)
• who for people He’s the man who sold me the coat.
8.2 non-defining relative clauses
• where for places This is the town where I was born.
Use non-defining relative clauses to add extra non-essential information
• which for things That computer which you showed about a place, person or thing. The sentence is grammatically correct
me is very cheap. without the non-defining relative clause. Use a comma before the non-
• when for times This was the moment when Mr defining relative clause. Use a comma or a full-stop after it. We cannot
Moran knew he was in trouble. omit the relative pronoun (who, which that, etc.) They spoke to Tara,
• whose for possessions (it means ‘of which or of who’) who was in a good mood. We cannot use that instead of which or who.
This is Sarah, whose husband you met yesterday. I saw his latest film, which was terrible.

being a good guest

asking for advice
apologising
Is it OK if I (do this)? Yes, of course. / No, you’d better not.
Sorry about that. I didn’t know
What should I do (in this situation)? If I were you, I’d … (you were in a meeting).
8.3
Do I need to (take off my shoes)? Yes, you should. / No, it’s not necessary. My apologies. I didn’t realise
Did I do something wrong? It’s OK. We can sort it out. / Don’t worry about it. (you were busy).
Is this a bad time? No. Come in. / Can you come back later?

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 LB 8
PRACTICE

1 Find and correct the mistakes. There is one mistake 2 Complete the story with the words in the box.
with quantifiers or articles in each sentence.
1 Why don’t you come and join us? There are plenty the a an the (x3) much many few little lot
seats.
2 Bobby’s girlfriend is engineer. 1_____ old man reaches his 120th birthday. 2_____
3 Thousands of people were at the game, so there was lot journalist comes to interview him. ‘What is the secret
of noise. of your long life?’ he asks. ‘Well,’ says 3_____ old man,
4 Yesterday we saw a doctor about my illness. Fortunately, ‘I don’t have 4_____ problems, I don’t drink 5_____
8.1 a doctor said it was nothing serious. alcohol, I eat a 6_____ of good food, and I spend a
7_____ time every day relaxing. But do you want to
5 Laila was hungry so she ate a bit bread.
know my real secret? I never disagree with anyone.’
6 The women live longer than men.
‘That’s ridiculous!’ says 8_____ journalist. ‘There must be
7 We went to the party but there weren’t much people
another secret.’
there.
A 9_____ moments later, 10_____ old man says, ‘OK,
8 We looked up and saw an aeroplane in sky.
you’re right.’
9 I can’t buy it because I only have a few money left.
10 My wife and I have lived in United States for several years.

IT
1 Complete the sentences with who, which, 2 Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses. Use the words in
where, when or whose. italics and the words in the box,
1 I met a man _____ house had burned
down. that
N
who (x2) which (x2) where when whose
U
2 This was the moment _____ we knew we
would win. 1 What’s this programme? Did you want to watch it?
3 I spent several months in Rome, _____ is Is this the programme that you wanted to watch ?
E
my favourite city. 2 Last year I met a translator. She spoke six languages.
4 The village, _____ Teresa grew up poor but Last year I met a translator ___________________________________.
PL

happy, was very small.

3 It was six o’clock on the fifth of August. At that moment, the world
5 The girl _____ sold you the carpet is from changed forever.
Morocco.
8.2 It was six o’clock on the fifth of August __________________________.
6 That blog, _____ he writes every day, is one
M

4 They gave Jodie an apple. She ate it quickly.

of the most popular in the country.
They gave Jodie an apple, ____________________________________.
7 Jill married a guy ____ she met on a dating
SA

site. 5 You see that apartment? Felipe lived there.

8 I don’t want to be with someone _____ That’s the apartment ______________________________________.
whole life is spent surfing the net. 6 She spent a month in Manchester. She loved it.
She spent a month in Manchester, _____________________________.
7 The boss’s office is next to mine. He’s always shouting!
The boss, ________________________________________________.
8 My boyfriend is coming to visit me. He lives in Barcelona.
My boyfriend, _____________________________________________.

1 Put the words in the correct order to make 4 A: did / wrong / something / do / I / ?
conversations. B: don’t / it / about / worry
1 A: do / to / hand / I / everyone’s / shake / need / ? 5 A: what / I / late / do / if / should / am / I / ?
B: no, / necessary / not / it’s B: if / you / I / were, / I’d / an / train / earlier / catch
2 A: / is / if / it / I / into / take / meeting / coffee / 6 A: / sorry / that / about. I / you / know / here / were
8.3 OK / the / ? / didn’t
B: yes, / course / of B: No problem.
3 A: I / to / realise / didn’t / I / send / by / the / 7 A: is / a / bad / time / this / ?
information / had / email.
B: fine. / it’s / No,
B: It’s OK. we / out / it / sort / can

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 LANGUAGE BANK
GRAMMAR

third conditional We can start sentences and questions with the if or would clause.
They wouldn’t have been late if they had caught the bus.
if clause would clause
If they had caught the bus, they wouldn’t have been late.
if + had + past participle would have + past participle
What would you have done if I hadn’t called? If I hadn’t
If I had seen my friend, I would have spoken to her. called, what would you have done?
Use the third conditional to talk about hypothetical or Note: When the sentence starts with if, we use a comma after the
imaginary situations in the past. It describes an unreal or if clause.
9.1 impossible situation, e.g. Real situation = I woke up late.
In written and spoken English, we use contractions with third
Hypothetical situation (third conditional): If I had heard
conditional sentences except in very formal documents.
my alarm clock, I wouldn’t have woken up late. (I
didn’t hear my alarm clock. I woke up late.) She’d have told us if she’d heard anything. We wouldn’t have
left early if we’d known you were coming.
The defendant would not have been caught if he had stayed in
his home. (formal)

active vs passive • when the identity of the doer of the

the passive action is not important. This cheese is
made in Italy. (It’s not important who

IT
active passive actually makes it.)
present simple The shop doesn’t Credit cards aren’t accepted here. • if the doer of the action is obvious. The
accept credit cards. thief was arrested. (The police are the
present continuous
N
Is anyone using that Is that computer being used at the
computer at the moment?
only people who could arrest the thief.)
If we want to say who does/did the
U
moment? action, we use by. The microwave oven
was invented by Percy LeBaron Spencer.
past simple Someone told us to We were told to be here at 8.00. We sometimes use the passive to
E
be here at 8.00. emphasise a particular part of the
present perfect No one has asked We haven’t been asked about the sentence. Compare:
9.2
PL

us about the date. date. Frank Lloyd Wright designed the

Guggenheim Museum of Art in New
will Someone will give I’ll be given a car on my next
York. with The Guggenheim Museum of
me a car on my birthday.
Art in New York was designed by Frank
M

next birthday.
Lloyd Wright.
Use the active voice to talk about the things people do, e.g. Sam ate the In the second sentence, the emphasis is
chicken.
SA

on Frank Lloyd Wright.

To make the passive, use subject + be + past participle. Use the passive voice: The passive is often used in newspaper
• to talk about what happens to things or people. Khaled has been given a reports and other formal writing.
prize.
• when we don’t know the doer (the person or thing that does the action). The
film star was murdered.

expressing uncertainty
saying you don’t know saying you are not sure, but you have an idea
I have no idea.* I’m not a hundred percent certain* but it
I haven’t a clue.* might be …
I’m fairly sure* it’s …
*These are both informal. *Sure and certain mean the same thing. We
can use either of them in these expressions.
9.3
saying you know what it isn’t saying you used to know
It’s definitely not … I can’t remember.
I’m sure it isn’t … I’ve forgotten.

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 LB 9
PRACTICE

1 Match 1–8 with a)–h) to make sentences. 2 Rewrite the sentences using the third conditional.
1 If we had arrived earlier, 1 Maya was late for the meeting. Her car broke down.
2 I wouldn’t have told her If Maya’s car hadn’t _____________________.
3 If he hadn’t fallen asleep, 2 She felt ill so she didn’t come to the concert.
4 We would have called you She would ____________________________.
5 If I’d done all my homework, 3 I didn’t get the job. I wasn’t qualified.
6 John would have brought a present If I had ____________________________.
7 If the teacher hadn’t helped him, 4 They didn’t buy the house. They didn’t have enough
8 I would have bought that computer money.
9.1 They would ____________________________.
a) he would have failed the exam.
5 We lost the game. Our best player was injured.
b) if he’d known it was your birthday.
If our best player hadn’t __________________________.
c) he wouldn’t have crashed the car.
6 You didn’t tell me you were coming so I didn’t cook a
d) we wouldn’t have missed the plane. meal.
e) if it had been on sale. I would ____________________________.
f) if I’d known it was a secret.
g) I would have passed the course.

IT
h) if we’d had your number.

1 N
2 Complete the sentences with the active or passive
U
Underline the correct alternative.
1 Oh no! My wallet has being stolen/has been stolen/has form of the verbs in brackets. Use the verb tense in
stolen! italics.
E
2 Were those documents be sent/send/sent by email or by 1 The magazine _____ (read) mainly by teenagers. It _____
post? (publish) every month. present simple
PL

3 Not many houses are been built/are being built/are being 2 Most of his programmes _____ (not film) in Europe; he
build at the moment. usually _____ (work) in Asia. present simple
4 That piano isn’t been played/hasn’t be played/hasn’t been 3 The book _____ (write) by an ex-soldier. It _____
played for years. (describe) the war in Vietnam. past simple
M

9.2 5 Cars that are parked illegally will be removed/ being 4 My last company _____ (make) clothes. It _____ (buy)
removed/ to be removed. by a multinational company called Zed. past simple
SA

6 Are those toys make/be made/made by hand? 5 The buildings _____ (clean) and the walls _____ (paint).
7 We weren’t employed/not were employed/weren’t employ present perfect
by the government until 1998. 6 I _____ (give) a new office but I _____ (not move) my
8 We can’t use the photocopier because it’s being things in there yet. present perfect
repaired/repairing/be repaired right now. 7 Today this dish _____ (not cook) in the oven. Instead,
we _____ (use) the grill. present continuous
8 English _____ (not spoken) everywhere in future. Lots of
people _____ (not speak) it. future (will)

1 Underline the correct alternative to complete the 5 What’s Maria’s second name? I haven’t the clue/have a
sentences. clue/haven’t a clue.
1 What’s my PIN number? I’m forgetting/I forgotten/I’ve 6 What’s the world’s biggest building? I have no idea/have
forgotten. not idea/am no idea.
2 Can you smoke in the restaurant? I’m sure isn’t/I sure it 7 Where do the Smiths live? I not remember/can’t to
isn’t/I’m sure it isn’t legal. remember/can’t remember.
9.3
3 What is this drink? It’s definitely am not/definitely not/ 8 When does the game start? I’m not a hundred percent
definite not orange juice. certain/certain hundred percent/the hundred percent
4 How old is he? I’m surely fair/fair sure/fairly sure he’s certain but it might be at 2.00.
twenty.

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 LANGUAGE BANK
GRAMMAR

reported speech Sometimes there is no need to change the

tenses (no backshift). This is the case when
direct speech (actual words) reported speech
the reporting verb is in the present tense.
‘I always buy organic food.’ He said (that) he always bought organic food. ‘I’ll meet you at the airport.’ ➝ He says
‘I’m going to see my mother She told me she was going to see her mother he’ll meet us at the airport.
tomorrow.’ the next day. If the information we are reporting is still
‘I’ve passed my exams.’ He said he had passed his exams. true in the present, we do not need to
change the tenses but if the reporting verb
‘We saw her at the station.’ They said they had seen her at the station.
is in the past, we can.
‘I’ll meet you here.’ He said he would meet me there.
‘It’s a great film.’ ➝ She said that it’s a
‘I can’t hear you.’ She said she couldn’t hear me. great film. (This is still true now.) or She said
‘We might be late.’ They said they might be late. that it was a great film. (Implies she’s seen
it and thought it was good at the time.)
‘I must leave at midday.’ He said he had to leave at midday.
reported questions
Use reported speech to report what someone said earlier. After a past tense
reporting verb, e.g. said, told, etc., the original verb often moves one tense back Reported questions have the same tense
10.1 (this is sometimes called ‘backshifting’). and word changes as reported statements.
To report a yes/no question, use
There may be other changes to pronouns, possessive adjectives, and to
references of time or place. if/whether after the reporting verb.

IT
‘I’ll go.’ ➝ She said she would go. ‘Do you live in Peru?’ ➝ She asked me if I
lived in Peru. or She asked me whether I
‘It’s my car.’ ➝ He said it was his car. lived in Peru.
‘We’ll see you tomorrow.’ ➝ They said they would see us the next day.
‘I’ll be here.’ ➝ She said she would be there.
Must changes to had to, but mustn’t doesn’t change. N To report a Wh- question, use the
question word.
U
‘Where is the restaurant?’ ➝ She asked
‘We mustn’t be late.’ ➝ They said they mustn’t be late. NOT They said they me where the restaurant was.
didn’t have to be late. In reported questions, the word order is
E
Could, would and might also don’t change in reported speech. the same as for statements. We do not
‘We might see you later.’ ➝ They said (that) they might see us later. use an auxiliary do/does/did.
PL

Say and tell are the most common reporting verbs. Note the different verb patterns. ‘Do you like eating sushi?’ ➝ She asked
He told me that he’d be late. She said (to me) that she wanted to stay. me if I like eating sushi.
M

verb patterns important to learn the patterns. Some verbs can use more
Many different structures can follow a verb in English. Some than one structure, e.g. suggest
verbs are followed by an -ing form, and some are followed by the He suggested that we meet at 6p.m. She suggested having
SA

infinitive. lunch in the cafeteria.

I can’t stand listening to opera. He learned to speak verb + infinitive with to: offer, promise, refuse, agree
Mandarin when he moved to China. They offered to give us a lift to the station. They promised
verb + infinitive with to: agree, ask, tell, expect, learn, manage, to phone when they arrive.
help, decide, offer, promise, want, refuse, need verb + object + infinitive with to: invite, warn, tell, ask
10.2 We managed to get to the theatre on time. They agreed to They invited us to stay for the weekend. He warned them
give us cheap tickets. not to tell anyone.
verb + -ing: like, love, hate, can’t stand, (be) keen on, look forward verb + -ing: suggest, recommend
to, miss, enjoy, fancy, give up, practise
They suggested trying another restaurant. He
I miss spending time with my friends and family. We look recommended eating at Café Fish.
forward to seeing you.
verb + that: explain, warn (someone), promise (someone), suggest
Reporting verbs use many different verb patterns, so it’s
She explained that she had to leave the meeting. He
promised that he would take me out tonight.

giving advice/warnings
advice warnings
Make sure you … / If I were you, I’d … Watch out for … / Be careful to/of …
10.3
Don’t forget to … / You need to … Don’t … (or else …) / You’d better …
The most important thing is to … Whatever you do, don’t …

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 LB 10
PRACTICE

1
Complete the reported statements using tense changes 2 Using the words in italics, rewrite the sentences as
(backshift). reported speech.
1 ‘We’re going to have a baby.’ 1 ‘I think that La Tasca’s is my favourite restaurant.’
He said (that) _____ _____ going to have a baby. She said that ________________________________.
2 ‘I’ve lived here for more than twenty years.’ 2 ‘I’m going to meet Mr Susuki this afternoon.’
She _____ that she had lived _____ for more than twenty years. He told me __________________________________.
3 ‘We grew these carrots in our garden.’ 3 ‘Maja called me yesterday.’
They told us that they _____ grown the carrots in _____ garden. He said that _________________________________.
4 ‘I have to go to the dentist tomorrow.’ 4 ‘We’ll meet you here tomorrow.’
10.1 He said (that) he _____ to go to the dentist the _____ day. They told us that ______________________________.
5 ‘I’ve lost my passport.’ 5 ‘We haven’t received your application.’
She said that _____ had lost _____ passport. We told her that ______________________________.
6 ‘I’m feeling a bit stressed.’ 6 ‘I might see you at the party, Matt.’
She ____ me that she _____ feeling a bit stressed. She told Matt ________________________________.
7 ‘We’d never been to the US before.’ 7 ‘I’ve already sent you an email explaining the
They said that _____ _____ never been to the US before. situation.’

IT
8 ‘I can’t stay long because I have to go to a meeting.’ He said that _________________________________.
She said that she ______ stay long because she ______ to go to a 8 ‘I can’t type very fast.’
meeting. She told her boss that __________________________.

N
U
1 Complete the reported statements below with the verbs in the box and 2 Find and correct the mistakes.
any other necessary words. There are mistakes in six of the
sentences.
E

refuse agree promise suggest offer warn invite explain 1 The company has agreed that
pay for the trip.
PL

1 ‘I’m afraid I’m not going to pay for this meal.’ 2 They recommended going to a
He refused to pay for the meal. different hotel.
2 ‘You need to show your passport to immigration,’ she said to him. 3 I suggested to that she look for
M

She ___________________ he ___________________ his passport to immigration. another job.

3 ‘If you book your tickets in advance, you’ll get two for the price of one,’ she told us. 4 She suggested to call an
ambulance.
SA

She ___________________ our tickets in advance.

10.2 4 ‘I’ll pick you up on the way to the station.’ 5 We offered helping, but there
was nothing we could do.
He ___________________ pick me up on the way to the station.
6 The manager refused let us leave
5 ‘Why don’t you all come for lunch on Sunday?’ the hotel before we met his wife.
She ___________________ us ___________________ for lunch on Sunday. 7 We promised to sending her a
6 ‘I’ll definitely cook something for dinner.’ postcard.
He ___________________ something for dinner. 8 I explained that there had been a
7 ‘Be careful to hold on to your bags at the station.’ delay.
She ___________________ on to our bags at the station.
8 ‘Yes. It’s a good idea to have the meeting on Tuesday.’
He ___________________ the meeting on Tuesday.

1 Make sentences giving advice/warnings using the prompts.

1 forget / set / alarm. 5 make sure / apply for a visa
2 you / need / buy / ticket / before / get on the train 6 whatever / do / don’t / leave valuable items / the room
10.3 3 if I / you / call them / before you leave 7 important / thing / check / flight times
4 watch out / speed cameras. There / lots on the road. 8 forget / take your mobile phone

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