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Gait Cycle

The gait cycle can be classified into two main phases: the stance phase and the swing phase. The stance phase occupies 60% of the gait cycle and includes heel strike, foot flat, midstance, heel-off, and toe-off. The swing phase occupies the remaining 40% and includes early swing, mid swing, and late swing. Key motions in each phase include flexion and extension of the hip, knee, and ankle.

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Lakshita Prajapati
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414 views1 page

Gait Cycle

The gait cycle can be classified into two main phases: the stance phase and the swing phase. The stance phase occupies 60% of the gait cycle and includes heel strike, foot flat, midstance, heel-off, and toe-off. The swing phase occupies the remaining 40% and includes early swing, mid swing, and late swing. Key motions in each phase include flexion and extension of the hip, knee, and ankle.

Uploaded by

Lakshita Prajapati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Gait cycle

Classification of the gait cycle involves two main phases: the stance phase and the swing
phase. The stance phase occupies 60% of the gait cycle while the swing phase occupies
only 40% of it.

• Heel Strike- Also known as initial contact, is a short period which begins the moment
the foot touches the ground and is the first phase of double support 30° flexion of
the hip and full extension in the knee is observed. The ankle moves from a neutral
(supinated 5°) position into plantar [Link] this, knee flexion (5°) begins and
increases, just as the plantar flexion of the heel increased.

• Foot Flat- In foot flat, or loading response phase, the body absorbs the impact of the
foot by rolling in [Link] hip moves slowly into extension, The knee flexes to
15° to 20° of flexion. Ankle plantar flexion increases to 10-15°.

• Midstance- the hip moves from 10° of flexion to extension. The knee reaches
maximal flexion and then begins to extend. The ankle becomes supinatedand
dorsiflexed (5°).During this phase, the body is supported by one single leg. At this
moment the body begins to move from forceabsorption at impact to force propulsion
forward.

• Heel-Off- begins when the heel leaves the floor. In this phase, the body weight is
divided over the metatarsal heads. 10-13° of hip hyperextension, occurs which then
goes into flexion. The knee becomes flexed (0-5°)and the ankle supinates and plantar
flexes.

• Toe-Off- or pre-swing phase, the hip becomes less extended. The knee is flexed
35-40° and plantar flexion of the ankle increases to 20.° In toe-off, like the name says,
the toes leave the ground.

• Early Swing / Acceleration - hip extends to 10° and then flexes due to contraction of
the iliopsoas muscle 20° with lateral rotation. The knee flexes to 40-60°, and the
ankle goes from 20° of plantar flexion to dorsiflexion, to end in a neutral position.

• Mid swing- the hip flexes to 30° (by contraction of the adductors) and the ankle
becomes [Link] knee flexes 60° but then extends approximately 30°.

• Late swing / Deceleration - begins with hip flexion of 25-30°, a locked extension of
the knee and a neutral position of the ankle.

An alternative classification of gait: Initial Contact, Loading Response, Midstance, Terminal


Stance , Pre swing, Initial Swing, Mid Swing, Late Swing

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