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Lab Resistivity 1. Purpose

This document describes an experiment to determine the resistivity of different materials. It lists equipment like a power supply, ammeter, and wires of aluminum, silver, and copper. The introduction explains that resistance depends on factors like length, cross-sectional area, and material type according to equations provided. Resistance is proportional to resistivity and material length but inversely proportional to area. The experiment aims to calculate resistivity using resistance measurements for different wire lengths and diameters. A table shows resistivity values vary greatly between materials with aluminum, silver, and copper being good conductors.

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154 views2 pages

Lab Resistivity 1. Purpose

This document describes an experiment to determine the resistivity of different materials. It lists equipment like a power supply, ammeter, and wires of aluminum, silver, and copper. The introduction explains that resistance depends on factors like length, cross-sectional area, and material type according to equations provided. Resistance is proportional to resistivity and material length but inversely proportional to area. The experiment aims to calculate resistivity using resistance measurements for different wire lengths and diameters. A table shows resistivity values vary greatly between materials with aluminum, silver, and copper being good conductors.

Uploaded by

adylan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

LAB RESISTIVITY

1. PURPOSE:

a) To determine the influences of material type (resistivity) length and cross-sectional area
towards to the value of resistance.
b) To measure the resistivity of specified configurations of materials.
c) To develop a teaching trainer module to understanding the concept of resistivity materials
behavior.

2. EQUIPMENT LIST / COMPONENT

a) Variable DC power supply


b) Connecting wires
c) Wire resistors
d) Ammeter
e) Voltmeter
f) Wire holder with ruler
g) Materials: -
i. Aluminum (6 Meter)
ii. Silver (6 Meter)
iii. Copper (6 Meter)

3. INTRODUCTION:

When an electric current flow through a conductor, the strength of this current (I) is dependent on the
magnitude of the voltage (V) applied to the ends of this conductor, along with physical and
environmental parameters. Since resistance (R) is dependent on both the current and voltage, these
physical and environmental factors will also affect the resistance of the conductor. Resistance can be
determined using the following equations [1]:

[1]

In the presence of constant environmental factors, the resistance of most conductors primarily
depends on the size, shape, and materials which they are made of. The resistance of conductors with
a uniformed cross-section and area (A), with a known length (L), can be calculated as:

[2]
This equation shows that resistance is proportional to the length of the conductor but inversely
proportional to the area of its cross-section. It also shows that resistance is proportional to ρ which is
known as the coefficient of resistivity. The resistivity shows the capability of a material to conduct
electric
current. The lower the resistivity, the greater the current which can be generated within the conductor.
This resistivity can be determined experimentally if the area, length, and resistance of the conductor
are
known. In this experiment, the conductor used was a wire of length L and diameter D, its resistivity
can, therefore, be calculated as follows:

[3]

Table 1 summarizes some values of the resistivity material. Note that these materials there is a broad
range of resistivity values for various materials. Those materials with lower resistivities offer less
resistance to the flow of charge; they are better conductors. The materials shown in the last four rows
of the above table have such high resistivity that they would not even be considered as conductors.

Table 1: Resistivity material behaviours conductivity at 20°C


Materials Resistivity (ohm meter) Authors Reference / Data Sheet
Aluminum 2.8 x 10-8 Raymond A. Serway Principles of Physics
Silver 1.59 x 10-8 David Griffiths Electrodynamics
Copper 1.7 x 10-8 Matula, R. A Electrical resistivity of copper
Gold 2.2 x 10-8 Raymond A. Serway Principles of Physics

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