LTE Features & Algorithms
MIMO Features & Algorithms
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Agenda
Overview and Objectives
MIIMO Concept
Conventional (Single) & New(Multiple) Antenna Configurations
MIMO System Model (Principle)
Multiple Antenna Arrangements
Single User MIMO
Multi User MIMO
Transmission Mode
Antenna Port Layering
Related Parameters
Summary
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Conventional Antenna
Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO)
channel
Bits DSP Radio Radio DSP Bits
TX RX
Theoretically, the 1Gbps barrier can be achieved using this configuration if
you are allowed to use much power and as much bandwidth(BW)
Extensive research has been done on SISO under power and BW constraints.
A combination of a smart modulation, coding and multiplexing techniques
have yielded good results but far from the 1Gbps barrier
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
MIMO Concept
Use multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas for a single user
1 1
User data stream
2
channel 2
User data stream
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
MT MR
Now this system promises enormous data rates!
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Multiple Antenna Systems
Improved Greater Reduced UE Increased
Transmission Coverage or Power Transmission
Reliability Range Consumption Throughput
Multiple Antenna Systems
SIMO MISO MIMO
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
MIMO Model
Signal from jth Tx antenna
Sj
T1 R1
MIMO
Input T2 R2 Processor
Output
• •
• •
• •
MxN
Tm MIMO Rn
system
M transmit antennas, N receive antennas form MxN MIMO system
Huge data stream (input) distributed toward m spatial distributed antennas; m
parallel bit streams (Input 1..m)
Spatial Multiplexing generate parallel “virtual data pipes” using Multipath effects instead of
mitigating them MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Multiple Antenna Arrangements
Single Input/Single Output (SISO)
Multiple Input/Single Output (MISO)
Single Input/Multiple Output (SIMO)
Multiple Input/Multiple Output (MIMO)
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO)
Rx Tx
Switched Diversity
Equal Gain Combining
Maximum Ratio Combining
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)
Tx Rx
Space-Time Transmit Diversity
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)
Tx Rx
Improved Transmission Reliability
Increased Coverage or Range
Reduced UE Power Consumption
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
MIMO Techniques
Data Stream 1
Tx Rx
Data Stream 2
Space-Time Coding (STC) – 1 Data Stream
Spatial Multiplexing – 2 Data Streams
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Single User MIMO
Data Stream 1
UE
Data Stream 2
Improved Performance (STC), or
eNodeB
Improved Throughput (SM) for Single UE
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Multi-User MIMO
UE
UE
Improved Number of UEs
eNodeB
No Increase in System Bandwidth
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Design Criterion
MIMO Systems can provide two types of gain
Spatial Multiplexing Gain Diversity Gain
Maximize transmission rate Minimize Packet Error(conservative
(optimistic approach) approach)
Use rich scattering/fading to your Go for Reliability / QoS etc
advantage
Combat fading
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Example of MIMO Usage
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
•
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Transmission Modes in 3GPP (1/2)
3GPP MODE 1 3GPP Mode 3
•Single antenna port; port 0 •Open loop spatial multiplexing
•1 TX antenna transmitting always on port 0 •Multiple antennas transmitting different signals
•No feedback from the UE used
•Improves user data rate
3GPP MODE 2 3GPP Mode 4
•Transmit diversity •Closed Loop spatial multiplexing
•Multiple antennas transmit same signal •Multiple antennas transmitting different signals
•Improves SINR •Feedback from the UE used
•Improves user data rate
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Transmission Modes in 3GPP (2/2)
3GPP MODE 5
•Multi user MIMO
•Multiple antennas transmitting to different
UEs in the cell
• Increase sector capacity 3GPP Mode 7
•Single Antenna port; port 5
•Beamforming
3GPP Mode 6
• UE specific reference signals are generated
•Closed-loop Rank=1 precoding for feedback
•Beamforming
•UE signals back the suitable precoding for
the beamforming operation
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Closed Loop MIMO
1 Pilot Channel on All Antenna Ports
Evaluate
2 Codebook
3 Preferred Codebook Index Options
UE
4 Adjusted MIMO Transmission
eNodeB
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Differences between Mode 3 and 4
3GPP Mode 3
•Open loop spatial multiplexing
•Multiple antennas transmitting different signals
•No feedback from the UE used
•Improves user data rate
3GPP Mode 4
•Closed Loop spatial multiplexing
•Multiple antennas transmitting different signals
•Feedback from the UE used
•Improves user data rate
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Antenna Port Layering
eNodeB
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
TX Modes
The Dual Antenna DL Performance Package feature is
controlled by the parameter featureStateDualAntDlPerfPkg
[activated/deactivated].
› The license will have a dependency towards MOM
configuration of noOfTxAntennas [0,1,2,4].
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Typical Scenario with MIMO.
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Related Parameters
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
Summary
Overview and Objectives
MIIMO Concept
Conventional (Single) & New(Multiple) Antenna Configurations
MIMO System Model (Principle)
Multiple Antenna Arrangements
Single User MIMO
Multi User MIMO
Transmission Mode
Antenna Port Layering
Related Parameters
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
“HAPPY LEARNING”
MobileComm Professionals, Inc
Consulting | Training | Research
Company Confidential - Pinnacle Learning Center
