Back Exercise questions NCERT :Chapter :10; light: reflection and refraction
1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?
(a) Water
(b) Glass
(c) Plastic
(d) Clay
Answer –
(d) Clay cannot be used to make a lens because if the lens is made up of clay the light
rays cannot pass through it
2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger
than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature
(b) At the centre of curvature
(c) Beyond the centre of curvature
(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.
Answer-
(d) The position of the object should be between the pole of the mirror and its principal
focus.
3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of
the size of the object?
(a) At the principal focus of the lens
(b) At twice the focal length
(c) At infinity
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.
Answer –
(b) The object should be placed at twice the focal length
4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens has a focal length of -15 cm. The
mirror and the lens are likely to be
(a) both concave
(b) both convex
(c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex
(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave
Answer –
(a) Both are likely to be concave.
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5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The
mirror is likely to be
(a) plane
(b) concave
(c) convex
(d) either plane or convex
Answer –
(d) The mirrors are likely to be either plane or convex
6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters
found in a dictionary?
(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm
Answer –
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm can be used while reading small letters found in a
dictionary
7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal
length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror?
What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object?
Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.
Answer-
Range of the distance of the object = 0 to 15 cm from the pole of the mirror.
Nature of the image = virtual, erect, and larger than the object.
8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car
(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle
(c) Solar furnace
Support your answer with reason.
Answer-
(a) Concave Mirror: Because concave mirrors can produce powerful parallel beam of light
when light source is placed at their principal focus.
(b) Convex Mirror: Because of its largest field of view.
(c) Concave Mirror: Because it concentrates the parallel rays of sun at principal focus.
9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a
complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your
observations.
Answer-
Yes, it will produce a complete image of the object, as shown in figure. This can be
verified experimentally by observing the image of a distance object like tree on a screen,
when lower half of the lens is covered with a black paper. However, the intensity or
brightness of image will reduce.
10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal
length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of
the image formed.
Answer-
Height of the Object, h0 = 5 cm
Distance of the object from converging lens, u = -25 cm
Focal length of converging lens, f = 10 cm
Using lens formula,
Thus, the image is inverted and formed at a distance of 16.7 cm behind the lens and
measures 3.3 cm. The ray diagram is shown below.
11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How
far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.
Answer-
Focal length of concave lens (OF1), f = – 15 cm
Image distance, v= – 10 cm
According to the lens formula,
The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in front of the lens. This
is shown in the following ray diagram.
12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length
15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.
Answer-
Focal length of convex mirror (f) = +15 cm
Object distance (u) = – 10 cm
According to the mirror formula,
The image is located at a distance of 6 cm from the mirror on the other side of the
mirror.
The positive and a value less than 1 of magnification indicates that the image formed is
virtual and erect and diminished.
13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
Answer-
The positive sign means image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect. Since the
magnification is 1 it means that the size of the image is equal to the size of the object.
14. An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of
radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.
Answer-
Object distance (u) = – 20 cm
Object height (h) = 5 cm
Radius of curvature (R) = 30 cm
Radius of curvature = 2 × Focal length
R = 2f
f = 15 cm
According to the mirror formula,
The positive value of image height indicates that the image formed is erect.
Hence, the image formed is erect, virtual, and smaller in size.
15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal
length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a
sharp focused image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.
Answer-
Object distance (u) = – 27 cm
Object height (h) = 7 cm
Focal length (f) = – 18 cm
According to the mirror formula,
The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is inverted.
16. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?
Answer-
Power of lens (P) = 1/f
P = -2D
f = -1/2 = -0.5 m
A concave lens has a negative focal length. Therefore, it is a concave lens.
17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length
of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?
Answer-
Power of lens (P) = 1/f
P = 1.5D
f = 1/1.5 = 10/15 = 0.66 m
A convex lens has a positive focal length. Therefore, it is a convex lens or a converging
lens.
