STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

FOR

ONE - STOREY RESIDENTIAL

HOUSE
1. SLAB

Schedule of Loads

Slab = 9.6kPa
Floor finish = 2.20kPa
Ceiling loads = 0.24kPa
Others = 1.0kPa

TOTAL DEADLOAD = 13.04kPa

TOTAL LIVELOAD = 2.40kPa

Computations:

Design Loads

wu = 1.4DL + 1.7LL
= 1.4(13.04) + 1.7(2.40)
wu = 22.336kPa

4 @ 3m = 12m

Check if one or two-way slab:

S = 3 = 0.25 < 0.50

L 12

Therefore: ONE-WAY SLAB

Moments = CwL² = C(22.336)(3)²

1/24 1/10 1/11 1/11 1/11 1/10 1/24

1/14 1/16 1/16 1/14

8.376 20.1
20.10 18.27 18.27 18.27 20.1 8.376
0 0
14.36 12.56 12.56 14.36

f’c = 28
fy = 420

ρmin = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00333

fy 420

Use ρmin = 0.00333 for 1m strip

As = ρbd
= 0.00333(1000)(100)
As = 333 mm²

AØ = ¶d² = ¶(10)² = 78.54 mm²

4 4

No. of bars = As = 333 = 4.24 say 5 pcs.

AØ 78.54

Spacing = 1000 = 200mm o.c.

5

ρb = 0.85f’cβ1(600)
fy (fy + 600)
= 0.85(28)(0.85)(600)
420(420 + 600)
ρb = 0.02833

Use ρ = 0.50 ρb

ρ = 0.50 ρb
= 0.50(0.02833)
ρ = 0.014
Solving for the effective depth of slab:

w = ρfy = 0.014(420) = 0.21

f’c 28

Ru = f’cw [ 1 – 0.59w ]
= [28(0.21)] – [1 – 0.59(0.21)]
Ru = 5.15

d² = Mu
ØRub
= 20,100,000
0.90 (5.15) (1000)
d = 65.85mm

Total Slab Thickness:

t = 65.85 + 40 + 5
t = 110.85mm say 110mm

Actual d:

d = 110 – 40 – 5
d = 65 mm

Check if reinforcement steel will yield:

ρmin = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00333

fy 420

ρ = As
bd
= [ ¶ (10)²] [5]
____4____
(1000) (65)
ρ = 0.00604

ρmax = 0.75[ 0.85f’cβ1(600) ]

fy (fy + 600)
= 0.75 [0.85(28)(0.85)(600)]
420(420 + 600)
ρmax = 0.02125

THEREFORE: ρmin < ρ < ρmax = 0.00333 < 0.00604 < 0.02125 (SAFE!)
2. ISOLATED FOOTING

Allowable Soil Pressure = 200kPa

Allowable Punching Shear = 1.50891MPa
Allowable Beam Shear = 0.7638 MPa
F’c = 21 MPa
Fy = 275 Mpa
Column Loads:

PDL = 133 kN
PLL = 36 kN
Moments:

MDL = 5 kN-m
MLL = 2 kN-m

Assume wt. of footing = 7% of column load

Wt. of footing = 0.07 (133+36)
Total Load = 11.83 + 133 + 36 = 180.83 kN

Depth = 300 mm

Net Ultimate Pressure:

qult = Pu ( 1 + 6e )
B² B

Factored Load:

Pu = 1.4 PDL + 1.7 PLL

= 1.4 (133) + 1.7 (36)
Pu = 247.40 kN

Factored Moment:

Mu = 1.4 MDL + 1.7 MLL

= 1.4 (5) + 1.7 (2)
Mu = 10.4 kN-m

e = 10.4 kN-m = 0.04204

247.40

qult = Pu ( 1 + 6e )
B² B
= 247.40 [ 1 + 6(0.04204)]
0.9m² 0.9
Max. qult = 391.03 kPa
Min. qult = 219.83 kPa

Check for beam shear:

D = 300 mm

Vc = 1/6 √f’c
= 1/6 √21
 Vc = 0.7638 MPa (ALLOWABLE)
y = 172
0.09 0.9

y = 17.20 kPa

Vu = 391(0.09)(0.9) – ½ (17.20)(0.09)(0.9)
Vu = 30.97 kPa

Vn = Vu = 30.97(1000)
Øbd 0.85(900)(300)

Vn = 0.135 MPa < 0.7638 MPa (SAFE!)

For Bending:

y = 172
0.39 0.9

y = 74.53 kPa

Mu = 391(0.09)(0.39/2) – ½ (74.53)(0.09)(0.39/2)
Mu = 25.062 kN-m

Mu = ØRub d²
25,062,000 = 0.90 Ru (900) (300)²
Ru = 0.3438

ρ = 0.85f’c [ 1 - 1 – 2Ru ]
fy √ 0.85 f’c
ρ = 0.85(21) [ 1 - 1 – 2(0.3438) ]
275 √ 0.85(21)
ρ = 0.00126

ρmin = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00509

fy 275

Use ρ = ρmin = 0.00509

Compute steel area requirements:

As = ρbd
= 0.00509(900)(300)
As = 1,374.54 mm²

Actual No. of bars (7- 12mmØ RSB)

As = = ¶d²(n) = ¶(12)² (7)= 791.68 mm²

4 4

ρ = As = 791.68 mm² = 0.00293 < 0.00509

bd 900(300)
s
Therefore: Steel reinforcement does not yield.

Use 7 - 16 mm Ø RSB

As = = ¶d²(n) = ¶(16)² (7)= 1,407.43 mm²

4 4

ρ = As = 1,1407.43 mm² = 0.00521 > 0.00509 (OK!)

bd 900(300)

ρmax = 0.75[ 0.85f’cβ1(600) ]

fy (fy + 600)
= 0.75 [0.85(21)(0.85)(600)]
275(275 + 600)
ρmax = 0.02837

THEREFORE: ρmin < ρ < ρmax = 0.00509 < 0.00521 < 0.02837 (SAFE!)
3. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM

Design Criteria

F’c = 21 MPa
Fy = 275 MPa

Loads:

Wslab = 2.40kPa
Wwall = 3.60kPa
Wceiling = 0.24kPa
Wbeam = 2.88kPa
Roof = 4.646kPa

TOTAL DEADLOAD = 13.796kPa

TOTAL LIVELOAD = 0.38kPa

END REACTIONS/END SHEAR

R1 = R2 = V = (13.796 + 0.38) = 7.088kPa

2

MINIMUM BENDING MOMENT

At support:
MDL = 13.976 (0.3) = 4.14 kN-m
MLL = 0.38 (0.3) = 0.114 kN-m
MU = 1.4 (1.14) = 5.796 kN-m

At mid-span, M = wL/24 or ½ moment at support

MDL = 13.976 (0.3) (1/2) = 2.07kN-m
MLL = 0.38 (0.3) (1/2) = 0.057 kN-m
MU = 1.4 (1.14) (1/2) = 2.898 kN-m

REQUIRED THEORETICAL MOMENT

Capacity reduction factor, Ø = 0.90

a. At support = ML = 5.796/0.90 = 6.44 kN-m

b. At midspan = ML = 2.898/0.90 = 3.22 kN-m
FACTORED VALUE OF END SHEAR

Vu = 1.4 (13.796) + 1.7 (0.38)

2 2
Vu = 9.9802kPa

FACTORED LOAD

Wu = 1.4 (13.796) + 1.7 (0.38)

Wu = 19.96 kPa or 19.96/6 = 3.33 kPa/m

Shear force at distance “d” from support

 Vud = 9.98 – 3.33 (1.5) = 4.985kPa
AREA OF TENSION REINFORCEMENT

ρmax = 0.75[ 0.85f’cβ1(600) ]

fy (fy + 600)
= 0.75 [0.85(21)(0.85)(600)]
275(275 + 600)
ρmax = 0.02837

Use ρ = 0.50 ρmax

ρ = 0.50 ρmax
= 0.50 (0.02837)
ρ = 0.01418

ρ = As
bd
0.01418 = As
120(300)
As = 510.66mm²

AØ = ¶d² = ¶(12)² = 113.10 mm²

4 4

N = As = 510.66 = 4.52 say 5 pcs.

A Ø 113.10

Check if steel reinforcement will yield:

As = = ¶d²(n) = ¶(12)² 5)= 565.49 mm²

4 4

ρ = As = 565.59 mm² = 0.0157

bd 120(300)

ρmin = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00509

fy 275

THEREFORE: ρmin < ρ < ρmax = 0.00509 < 0.0157 < 0.02837 (SAFE!)
4. COLUMN

Trial Design:

B = 120 mm
D = 300 mm
F’c = 21 MPa
Fy = 275 MPa
PD = 200 kN
PL = 45 kN

Working Stress Design:

P = 0.85 Ag ( 0.25 f’c + fy ρg) ……………....SAFE LOAD FOR SHORT COLUMN

P’ = P ( 1.07 – 0.008 h/r ) ……………………SAFE LOAD FOR LONG COLUMN

Substituting the values:

ρ = As
bd
= [ ¶ (12)²] [6]
____4____
(120) (300)
ρ = 0.01885

Ag = Area of column = (0.12) (0.30) = 0.036 m²

DL + LL = 200 kN + 45 kN = 245 kN

P = 0.85 (0.30) (0.12)[ 0.25(21,000 kN/m²) + 275,000 kN/m²(0.01885)

P = 319.27 kN

P = 319.27 [ 1.07 – 0.008 (3.30/2.96) ]

P = 338.77 kN > 245kN (SAFE!)

5. ROOF

From the roof plan, tributary width

Width = 6.20 m
Weight of wood = 2.30 kPa
Allowable Bending = 16.26 MPa
Allowable Shear = 1.10 Mpa

Load Analysis

a. DEADLOAD

Roofing sheets = 0.24 kPa

Rafter Wt. = 0.096 kPa
Purlins = 1.20 kPa
Suspending ceiling = 0.24 kPa

TOTAL DEADLOAD = 1.776 kPa

 b. LIVELOAD = 0.96 kPa
c. WINDLOAD

Pn = 2Psinθ
1 + sin²θ

Where:

Pn = wind pressure on vertical surface = 0.003V³

Basic wind speed (Zone 1) = V = 200 kph = 125mph

P = 0.003 (125)²
= 46.9 psf
P = 2.24 kPa

Pn = 2 (2.24) sin 34º

1 + (sin 34º)²
Pn = 1.91 kPa

Combination of Loads:

DL + LL = 15.93 kN

Tangent Load = 3.71 kN

Bending Moment of Normal Load = wL = 15.93 (6.20) = 12.34 kN-m

8 8

Check for flexure:

F = 6M = 6 ( 12.34) = 1.26 kPa < 1.10 kPa ( ADEQUATE! )

bd² (2.4)(3.5)(7)