Formula Sheet Machine Design and CAD II
H=T T = Wt r V=dn 1 in = 25.4 mm 1 hp = 550 ft-lbf/s = 6600 in-lbf/s;
Gears Basics and Force Analysis
Spur Gears
N d d p NG
P= d m=N p= N =m p=P t=2 mG = N
P
rb = r cos t c=b−a pb = pc cos
NP sin − 4k2
2 2
2k
NG = NP = (m + mG2 + (1 + 2mG) sin2 )
4k − 2 NP sin2 (1 + 2mG) sin2 G
Helical Gears
NP = dP Pt pn = pt cos pN = pn cos n pt = px tan Pt = Pn cos tan n = cos tan t
NP2 sin2 t − 4k2 cos2 2k cos
NG =
4k cos − 2 NP sin2 t
NP = (m + mG2 + (1 + 2mG) sin2 t)
(1 + 2mG) sin2 t G
Wt = W cos n cos Wr = W sin n = Wt tan t Wa = Wt tan = W cos n sin
Bevel Gears
NP NG
T = Wt rav tan = tan = Wr = Wt tan cos Wa = Wt tan sin
NG NP
Worm Gearing
L = px NW L = dW tan dG = NG pt WW = WS cos
W = W (cos n sin + f cos )
x
W = W (cos n cos − f sin )
z
W y = W sin n
Design of Spur and Helical Gears
Assume Face width as: 3p F 5p Assume solid disk gear: mB 1.2 so KB = 1.0
Km KB P Km Cf1/2 St Y N Sc ZN CH
σt = Wt Ko Kv Ks J F σc = Cp Wt Ko Kv Ks d F I σt, all = K K σc, all = K K
P T R T R
A + V A + 200V
B B
σt all σc all
SF = σ SH = σ Kv = A (Imperial units); Kv = (SI units);
t c A
A = 50 + 56(1 − B); B = 0.25(12 − Qv) 2/3
Cf = 1.0 KT = 1.0
F Y
0.0535
cos t sin t mG pN
KS = 1.192 P I= mN = 0.95Z
2 mN mG + 1
Z = [(rP + a)2 − r2bP ]1/2 + [(rG + a)2 − r2bG ]1/2 − (rP + rG) sin t
Km Cf Cp KT KR 2
(F)wear = nd Wt Ko Kv Ks d I S Z
Km KB KT KR
(F)bend = nd Wt Ko Kv Ks P J S Y
T N p c n
2
Km = 1 + Cmc (Cpf Cpm + Cma Ce) Cma = A + BF + CF Cmc = 1 (uncrowned teeth); Cmc = 0.8 (crowned teeth)
Cpf = (F/10dp) − 0.025 for F 1 in; Cpf = (F/10dp) − 0.0375 + 0.0125F for 1 F 17 in; Cpm = 1.0; Ce = 1.0
ZN = 1.4488 (N) −0.023
for N > 10 10 cycles;
6
YN = 1.3558 (N) −0.0178
for N > 10 106 cycles
KR = 0.658 − 0.0759 ln (1 − R) for 0.5 < R < 0.99; KR = 0.50 − 0.109 ln (1 − R) for 0.99 R 0.9999
CH = 1.0 + A(mG – 1.0); A = [8.98 (HBP/HBG) − 8.29]10-3 for 1.2 (HBP/HBG) 1.7
Design of Bevel Gears
Km Cs Cxc 1/2
σc = Cp Wt Ko Kv d F I
P Km St KL Sc CL CH
σt = Wt Ko Kv Ks F K J σt, all = K K σc, all = K C
x P T R T R
F = min (0.3 A0, 10/Pd) dp = 2 A0 sin = 2 A0 sin Kx = 1.0 KR = (CR) 2
Cs = 0.5 F < 0.5 in; Cs = 1 F > 4.5 in Cs = 0.125 F + 0.4375 0.5 F 4.5 in
Cxc = 1.5 (crowned teeth); Cxc = 2.0 (uncrowned teeth) Km = Kmb + 0.0036 F2;
Kmb = 1.00 (both straddle-mounted); Kmb = 1.10 (one straddle-mounted); Kmb = 1.25 (neither straddle-mounted)
KS = 0.5 for Pd > 16 teeth/in; KS = 0.4867 + 0.2132 / Pd for 0.5 Pd 16 teeth/in
CL = 3.4822 (N) −0.0602
for N > 10 10 cycles
6
KL = 1.3558 (N) −0.0178
for N > 10 106 cycles
KT = (460 + t)/710 for t > 250F; KT = (273 + t)/393 for t > 120C
KR = 0.50 − 0.25 log (1 − R) for 0.99 R 0.999; KR = 0.70 − 0.15 log (1 − R) for 0.90 R < 0.99
CH = 1.0 + B(mG – 1.0); B = [8.98 (HBP/HBG) − 8.29]10 -3
for 1.2 (HBP/HBG) 1.7
Data Sheet Gears
