PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 80 of 131
Design Columns for the lightest W10's and W12's section. Columns are to be sized for two options:
Option I Continuous, Option II with Splices. Then prices are to be compared to select most economical
option. Both explicit calculations or Column Design Tables may be used.
COLUMN B-4 LOAD TAKEOFF
KLL= 4
Dead load (psf) Live load (psf) Fy (ksi)= 50
Roof = 30 20
rd
3 Floor = 61 80 Bold Numbers are
2nd Floor = 61 80 Roof Live Loads
Tributary Areas (At):
Width (ft) Length (ft)
At 1 = 18 30 540
At 1 (floors) :
DL = 61 psf
At 1
LL = 80 psf
30
18
Note: Live load reduction can be applied in accordance with ASCE 7-02 section 4.8.1
(see ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1)
L = Lo*(0.25+15/AI^0.5) ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1 Use the larger of:
L = reduced design live load value in psf L > 0.5*Lo (columns supporting one floor)
Lo = unreduced live load in psf L > 0.4*Lo (columns supporting two or more floors)
AI = influence area
AI = Tributary area *KLL if AI > 400 ft^2 live load reduction is allowed
AI (1) = 2160 >400 ft^2
L (2nd floor) = 46 psf > 32 psf, thus use = 46
L (3rd floor) = 46 psf > 40 psf, thus use = 46
Note: Roof Live loads are NOT allowed to be Reduced
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 81 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in 2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in
Begin Load Takeoff from roof and proceed downward:
From Ground floor to 2nd floor:
dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)
Roof 30 20
rd
3 Floor 61 46
nd
2 Floor 61 46
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]
Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 37 kips
Pu (3rd Floor) = 147 psf * A1 = 79 kips
Pu (2nd Floor) = 147 psf * A1 = 79 kips
sum = 195 kips
PU = 195 kips
Note: Use column B2 for ALL Interior Columns.
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 82 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From Ground floor to 2nd floor:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.
Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr (Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5 (Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5 (Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5 (Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
L= 13.00 ft
Pu = 195 kips E= 29000 ksi
Assume KL/r = 60 to start
λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 5.97 in2
LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W12x40 KL/rx = 30.4
2
Ag = 11.7 in KL/ry = 80.4
ry = 1.94 in λc = 1.07
rx/ry = 2.64 in Fcr = 31.0
rx = 5.13 in φPn = 308.3
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W10x33 KL/rx = 37.2
Ag = 9.71 in2 KL/ry = 80.4
ry = 1.94 in λc = 1.06
rx/ry = 2.16 in Fcr = 31.2
rx = 4.19 in φPn = 257.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 83 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in 2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in
From Ground 2nd floor to 3rd floor:
dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)
Roof 30 20
rd
3 Floor 61 46
2nd Floor - -
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]
Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 37 kips
Pu (3rd Floor) = 147 psf * A1 = 79 kips
sum = 116 kips
PU = 116 kips
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 84 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From Ground 2nd floor to 3rd floor:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.
Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr (Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5 (Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5 (Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5 (Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
Pu = 116 kips L= 13.00 ft
E= 29000 ksi
Assume KL/r = 60 to start
λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 2.42 in2
LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
2
Ag = 7.08 in KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 85 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in 2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in
From 3rd floor to roof level:
dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)
Roof 30 20
3rd Floor - -
nd
2 Floor - -
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]
Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]
Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 37 kips
sum = 37 kips
PU = 37 kips
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 86 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From 3rd floor to roof level:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.
Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr (Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5 (Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5 (Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5 (Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)
Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
Pu = 37 kips L= 13.00 ft
E= 29000 ksi
Assume KL/r = 60 to start
λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 1.12 in2
LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
2
Ag = 7.08 in KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
Lab Note: When beams and girders are framed to columns with simple shear connections, the columns are
usually designed as concentrically loaded members.
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 87 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
SPLICED vs CONTINOUS
Steel Prices per ton = $1,600
Wt of additional splice (lb) b = 500
W10's
Analysis
Continous:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W10x33 39 0.6435 $1,030
Wt. / ft (lb)= 33
Total cost = $1,030
All columns spliced:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W10x33 13 0.2145 $343
Wt. / ft (lb)= 33
W8x24 13 0.156 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
W8x24 13 0.156 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
1 splice = 0.25 $400
Total cost = $1,242
TOTAL COST = $1,242
Answer:
Continuous columns are more economical
b -- indicates general value according to Modern Steel Construction. April 2000.
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: EDGE COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 88 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
SPLICED vs CONTINOUS
Steel Prices per ton = $1,600
Wt of additional splice (lb) b = 500
W12's
Analysis
Continous:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W12x40 39 0.78 $1,248
Wt. / ft (lb)= 40
Total cost = $1,248
All columns spliced:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W12x40 13 0.26 $416
Wt. / ft (lb)= 40
W8x24 13 0.156 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
W8x24 13 0.156 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
1 splice = 0.25 $400
Total cost = $1,315
TOTAL COST = $1,248
Answer:
Continuous columns are more economical
b - indicates general value according to Modern Steel Construction, April 2000
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