VALVES
Design Std : ASME B 16.34
Testing Std : API 598/ BS 6755 Part 1 (Testing std for all valves)
E/E F/F Dimension : ASME B 16.10 for Bevel end or Flanged Valve & Mfg Std for SW or Thd
End Connection: SW as per ASME B 16.11/Flanged as per ASME B 16.5/16.47 Sr. A or B, BE as
per ASME B 16.25. Normally we use SW Valves for small bore and
Flanged Valves for large bore. But for 2500# large bore we should prefer
using BE Valves . BE valves can also be used in low rating if the service
is highly toxic in nature.
NOTE: Flanges are not available in std for size 12’’ & over in 2500#. Whenever BE Valve is
used thickness of ends shall match to pipe and same shall be specified in datasheet.
Face Finish: This is applicable only for Flanged Valves (RTJ/RF/T&G/FF). Finish of the flange is
decided on the basis of gasket, we use Serrated, Rough or Stock finish with non-
metallic gasket & Smooth or Serrated finish with metallic gasket.
GATE VALVE
REF Std: API 602 for Forged Valve (SW or Threaded)
API 600 for Cast Valve (Flanged /BE)
API 602 contains ½” to 4” but SW and Threaded only, API 600 (FLGD and BE) has size
range ½” if there is requirement of flanged or BE Valves in small bore then we can
refer API 600 for the same.
CONSTRUCTION FEATURES
BODY BONNET JOINT: Bolted Bonnet / Welded Bonnet / Pressure seat Bonnet / Threaded or Union Bonnet /
Long Bonnet. BB is default choice which can be used size and rating. Earlier WB was
threaded bonnet with seal welding now code is asking for full penetration BW joint
with radiography. WB is used in small bore high rating valves or in toxic / hazardous
service. PB is used in large bore rating valves as sealing is based directly on pressure
i.e More is Pressure, better is sealing. Pressure seal feature shall be as per ASME
B16.34 & rest of the features shall be as per applicable standards Pressure seal
feature shall be as per ASME B16.34 & rest of the features shall be as per applicable
standards. TB/UB is used in small bore which is used in category D service. mainly in
Bronze Valves in water service. LB stands for long bonnet used in cryogenic services,
so that it can facilitate vapor lock and prevent exposure of gland packing to cold fluid
which may cause cold embrittlement of gland packing.
TYPE OF WEDGE
SPLIT WEDGE/SOLID WEDGE/ FLEXIBLE WEDGE.
Solid wedge is mainly used in forged valves i.e In small bore category in
all rating.
Flexible wedge is mainly used in large bore for all rating.
Split wedge is mainly used in high rating AND high temperatures for high
bore.
SEATING
INTEGRAL & RENEWABLE Integral seats are used in small bore or in large bore, if body & seating
SEATS material is same Example: SS304 valves with trim no 2.
Renewable seats are used in large bore valves. These seats are slip fitted
in body with seal welding. Threaded seats should not be used .
TYPE OF THREADING ON STEM
OUTSIDE SCREW(OS) Outside screw is default choice and Inside screw is used where we don’t
INSIDE SCREW(IS) want exposure of stem to external environment.
STEM MOVEMENT
RISING STEM/NON RISING Rising stem is used in OS stem and Non Rising are IS stems. IS may be
STEM: Rising or Non Rising.
HANDWHEEL TYPE
Rising Handwheel / Nonrising Handwheel / Geared Handwheel
Rising Handwheel is mainly used in small bore valves or with the valves where handwheel travel is
very less eg. Globe valve.
Nonrising Handwheel stem is used mainly in large bore valves
Geared Hanwheel is used when torque requirement exceeds 350 N-m
Note : Dimension of handwheel is min of end to end dimension of valves or 750 mm
ADDITIONAL FEATURE
DRAIN: For Draining.
BYPASS: To facilitate smooth operation with reduced torque requirement.
VACUUM REQUIREMENT:
JACKETING REQUIREMENTS: Full jacket or partial jacket entry should be from lower side and exit for higher
side.
EXTENDED STEM REQUIREMENT – For Underground valves.
MOTOR OPERATING VALVES – When torque requirement exceeds 350n/m in geared handwheel
BONNET WITH FINS
LOCK OPEN / LOCK CLOSE Requirement – Locking arrangement to be provided. In this key is provided to open /
shut a valve. It is necessary to close and open the other valve same key is used so hence both valves won’t stay
or open.
MECHANICAL INTERLOCK REQUIREMENT
NACE / HIC – Other Material requirement
BELLOW SEAL – Hazardous fluid / gas does not come out and gland remains safe
BLEED HOLES
TESTING OF VALVES
1. Testing of valves (STD API 598) HYDROTEST
SHELL TEST – Carried out at 1.5 times the rated pressure at TEST (AMB.) temp rounded up to 25 psi
HIGH PRESSURE CLOSURE TEST – 1.1 times rated pressure
This is an optional test carried with air at 7 bar
Example – Testing of CS 150 # Gate valve
Test Temp – Ambient
Rated Pressure – 285
Shell Test – 285 x 1.5 = 427
Rounding up 427 to 25psi = 450
Shell test at 450psi or 32 kg/cm2 - High
Pressure closure test 1.1 x 285 = 323.5 psi
High pressure closure test at 313 psi
LOW PRESSURE CLOSURE TEST Pneumatic test also called as low pressure closure test
Pneumatic test shall be optional at 4 ~ 7 bar
And leakage rate shall not be beyond the permissible limit given in API 598
GEAR OPERATION TABLE
VALVE GATE GLOBE BALL BUTTERFLY
RATING
150 14 10 8 12
300 12 8 8 10
600 8 6 6 8
900 6 4 4 6
1500 4 4 3 4
2500 3 2 2 3
BYPASS VALVE REQUIREMENT
VALVE GATE GLOBE
RATING
150 30 12
300 24 8
600 18 6
900 12 6
1500 8 4
2500 6 3
SOCKET WELDED VALVE RATING
VALVE SW VALVE RATING
RATING
150 800
300 800
600 800
900 1500
1500 1500
2500 2500
TRIM NO BODY SEAT DISC SEAT STEM BACKSEAT
1 13 CR 13 CR 13 CR 13 CR
8 HF 13 CR 13 CR HF
5 HF HF 13 CR HF
2 SS304 SS304 SS304 SS304
-- SS304+HF SS304 SS304 SS304+HF
15 SS304+HF SS304+HF SS304 SS304+HF
10 SS316 SS316 SS316 SS316
12 SS316+HF SS316 SS316 SS316+HF
16 SS316+HF SS316+HF SS316 SS316+HF
V A S 4 1 1 G S
VALVE TYPE ENDS RATING MATERIAL TRIM GEAR OPERATION SPECIAL REQ
TYPE ENDS RATING MATERIAL TRIM
A GATE S SW 1 CL125 1 CS 1 #1
B GLOBE F RF 2 CL150 2 LTCS 2 #2
C CHECK J RTJ 3 CL300 3 1 1/4 CR 3 #10
D DUAL PLATE B BE 4 CL800 4 2 1/4 CR 4 #12
F NEEDLE W WAFER 5 CL600 5 5 CR 5 #5
G FOOT L LUG 6 CL900 6 9CR 6 #16
H PLUG X SW X TE 7 CL1500 7 SS304 7 #15
J BALL T THD 8 CL2500 8 SS316 8 #8
K BUTTERFLY 9 --
L DIAPRAGM P PTFE
M PISTON E EPDM
M METAL
N NBR
