1M CONCEPT OF MAN: BIO PSYCHO- o Studying the structure of the
SOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL BEING human body; its components and
functions.
“One needs to view MAN in his totality – a unified o Viewing the man as an organism
whole much greater than and different from the only (cells, tissues, organs – body
sum of all its parts. A composite being of biological,
structures only)
psychological, social and spiritual systems, he is
born adequately equipped to cope with
o Ex. Taking blood pressure with
environmental stress both within him and outside.” the patient
Holistic Approach
Definition of terms: o Studying man in all aspects of his
Behavior: the overt response of an behavior and his relationship
individual toward stimuli in his with others in his environment.
environment o Viewing man as an organism with
Community: aggregate of families living in a interrelated and interdependent
specific facility bounded together by parts functioning to produce a
common interests and goals behaviour which is acceptable or
Culture: total pattern of human behaviour unacceptable to him or to the
and its products embodied in thought,
society.
speech, action, and artifacts transmitted to
succeeding generations using tools,
o Ex. Nursing interaction with the
language and abstract thoughts. patient
Disease: the interruption of health due to
invasion of the body by microorganisms, to ORGANISMIC BEHAVIOR (based on 2
trauma, to mal or dysfunction of the body beliefs by Byrne and Thompson)
parts due to age, nutritional deficiency or
metabolic disorder. Refers to observable features and
Family: a basic unit of society composed of actions that reflect man’s
biological or sociological parents and functioning as a unified whole
children born of or adopted by them.
within the environment in which
Health: optimum level of awareness in an
he exists
individual which allows him to function
adequately in daily life activities Behavioral features point out to
Personality: the complex characteristics that observable characteristics of the
distinguish a particular individual from physical and external shell of
another or characterizes him in his man. This shell gives us clues to
relationship with others the internal state of the
Religion: personal awareness of the individual.
existence of a supreme being or of Ex. Voice response, posture, color
supernatural powers, as expressed in of the skin (tell-tale signs of
feelings of reverence, worship and faith. what’s going on a persons body)
Society: an enduring and cooperating social
2 Beliefs:
group whose members have developed
Man normally responds as a
organized patterns of relationship through
interaction with one another. unified whole
Mind and body work as
THE STUDY OF MAN AS A BIO- one
PSYCHOSOCIAL BEING What affects one affects
the other
2 Approaches in studying man: Neither one stands alone
Atomistic Approach Ex. seeing a crime
frightens a lady resulting
to increased heart rate, BP energy, matter/information
and RR…In her flight to among parts of the living
safety, all the cells of her organism in between the living
body participate in organism and its environment
removing her from site of
danger.
Energy – Matter Exchange of Man
Man as a whole is different from
and more than the sum of his Man, as a unified whole interacts
component parts constantly with his environment, while
Given any set of stimuli he at the same time the different
responds as predicted, or subsystems within him continuously
becomes unpredictable of interact with each other. (this
other extraneous variables interaction enables him to grow,
His responses are varied overcome environmental threats, and as
and numerous a result makes changes in his body)
Ex. Water is composed of The interrelatedness and
different parts w/ different interdependence of man’s subsystem
sets of characteristics; facilitate the energy-matter exchange
hydrogen and oxygen (can An input of matter results in an output
combust, but when of matter for man when they ingest food
combined to form water it and waste products are excreted from
can be used to extinguish the body
fire) However, an input of energy need not
result in an output of matter, and then
Man as a system:
the input be always energy.
Closed System
o Self-sufficient, totally isolated
Input-Output Relationship
o It does not allow outside stimuli
in any form to penetrate its Energy-Energy
boundaries, nor does it allow o A quarrel at bedtime may result
anything from within it to go in sleepless night
beyond its boundaries Energy-Matter
o This system uses its reserves for o Fear in anticipation of test results
energy. In doing so, it eventually in frequent loose stools
fails to function and o Inhalation of pathogenic
disintegrates. microorganisms produces fever
Open System Matter-Matter
o One which exchanges matter, o Ingestion of histamine-rich food
energy or information with the produces hives
environment surrounding it.
o It is directly affected by events or
changes in other systems.
o This type of system views the
person as a living behavioural
system.
o Ex. Metabolism, growth and total
processes of a human being are
involve in the interchange of
