A.
Nassir Saeed,
Gary Margrave, David Henley, Helen Isaac & Larry Lines
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Outline
Introduction
Seismic processing flow
PSTM algorithms
Band signal analysis
Well to seismic tie
Post stack & Prestack inversion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
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3
Note residual noise left
in the CIG and pose as
step ladder across the
CIG.
Max Offset bin: 1980m
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Processing flow: Hussar 2D line
Reformat & Geometry assignment
Trace and shot edit
Amplitude recovery
Apply datum and refraction statics
Noise suppression: Radial filter , air blast
Surface Consistent Gabor Deconvolution
Two passes of velocity analysis |Surface Consistent Residual Statics
PSTM gathers preparation
Pre Stack Time Migration
Post migration Gabor Deconvolution
FX noise attenuation
Mute & Stack
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middle bottom arrow
refers to noise from
ground roll while two
side arrows are for
pump noise
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• Noise are noticeably
attenuated.
• Reflectors at the
middle of the shot
gather are now
visible after they
were masking by
ground roll and
pump jack noise.
• Energy is now
distributed better
across the shot
gather after they
were mostly taken
by ground roll and
pump noise
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8
Some low
frequency noise
left at the lower
side of the shot
gather. The
amplitude
spectrum is
broadened
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Noise are
further cleaned
up. Amplitude
spectrum is
improved and
broadened at
-10db
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STRUCTURE STACK POST STACK MIGRATION
Over all, Reflections are sharpened and improved the high frequency content.
More details are now seen at reflections from 100-500ms. 20
Weak reflection
signals at the near
offset of CIG gather.
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PSTM-KIRCHHOFF: CONTRACTOR PSTM-KIRCHHOFF: CREWES
Contractor PSTM CREWES PSTM
Contractor used a different datum & replacement velocity than us (Bulk shift is needed for comparison).
Contractor applied zero-phase decon after migration whereas we applied minimum phase decon. 20
Phase-Shift : Pre- & Post– stack migration
Stack section of Pre-stack phase shift migration used
CIGs of live traces only.
Output CIG gathers form pre-stack phase-shift migration
populate noisy traces for the padded traces compared to
PSTM Kirchhoff.
If we ask to re-kill dead traces inside phase-shift module,
then the CIG does not populate full regular offsets for
each bin for the CIG gather.
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POST-STACK PHASE-SHIFT PRE-STACK PHASE-SHIFT
More detailed are shown and better continuity of reflectors at the top of PSTM.
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Zone of interest
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Zone of interest
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Zone of interest
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Inversion
Seismic data conditioning – Trim static and super gathers.
Offset to angle conversion - angle gather & angle stacks
Well to seismic tie and Wavelet extraction for each angle stack
AVO Analysis
Building low frequency model
Post stack analysis and inversion
Pre-stack analysis and inversion
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Contractor CREWES
Zone of interest from 1000-1100ms.
Note the smooth and continuity of interval velocity across
section compared to CGG interval velocity section 27
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*Negative values
(orange in color)
shows top of sand
reservoir of Glauco
more clear
compared to
Ellerslie FM.
* Bright yellow is
the base of the
reservoir where
shale layers
manifests.
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Zone of interests are
Glauco sand channel
overlain by Medicine
River coal marker.
The second zone of
interest is Ellersli Fm
above Pekisko. From
literature this oil
bearing formation.
Medicine River coal
Horizon colors:
Gluaco sand
Midicne-River coal: green
Ellerslie Glauco horizon: red
Pekisko Pekisko Horizon: Cyan
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Horizon colors:
Medicine-River coal:
green
Glauco horizon: red
Pekisko Horizon: Cyan
Medicine River coal
Gluaco sand
Ellerslie
Pekisko
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Horizon colors:
Medicine-River coal:
green
Glauco horizon: red
Pekisko Horizon: Cyan
Medicine River coal
Gluaco sand
Hard shale top of
Ellerslie Ellerslie is clearly
showing
Pekisko
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Horizon colors:
Medicine-River coal:
green
Glauco horizon: red
Pekisko Horizon: Cyan
Medicine River coal
Gluaco sand
Ellerslie
Pekisko
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Conclusions
Re-processing of 2D lines show more details at the zone of
interests. Reflection signal is down to 3Hz.
Noise attenuation by Radial dip filter successfully attenuate
ground roll and pump jack noise.
Maximum offset of CIG gathers is good to approximately 3440m
compared to 1980m of CGG processing.
PSTM migration focuses reflected energy, collapses diffraction
and improve image section.
Elastic rock sections delineate lateral extensions of Glauconitic
and Ellerslie prospects. All impedance and elastic sections were
inverted to 3Hz as low frequency cutoff (1-3Hz).
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Further work
Improve pre-stack imaging using PSPI. Will use CREWES PSPI
code for Hussar data.
To gain more reflection signals from 100-500ms that we were seeing in
phase-shift migration and were missing from Kirchhoff migrations.
Investigate the CIG gather to see if reflection and S/N would be
improved at near offset by using wave equation migration (PSPI).
Enhance lateral extension at the east side of inverted sections at
Medicine Rive coal and Glauco formations for better correlation with
the dipole sonic well 12-27.
Rock physics modeling and analysis work to be done pending
providing further logs and other info from Husky.
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Acknowledgments
CREWES sponsors, staff and students
Husky Energy
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