TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF
ACUTE ANGLES
Assessment Tasks
Now that you have read the text above, it is expected that you are ready to answer the following exercises.
Please answer them with sincerity.
Try these !
Activity No. 5.1
Directions:
1. Perform the indicated operations, then simplify.
2
1 cos θ sin θ
1. cos ¿ ¿ 2. sin θ +
cos2 θ
2 2 2
1 cos ( x ) cos(θ) cos(θ) sin ( θ ) sin(θ)
+ +
cos ( x )
2
1 2
cos ( θ ) sin (θ) sin (θ ) cos (θ)
2
2 2
1 cos ( x ) cos ( x )
2
+ 2 ×1 cos ¿ ¿
cos ( x ) cos ( x )
4
1 cos ( x ) cos(θ)3 +sin (θ)3
2
+ 2
cos ( x ) cos( x ) sin ( θ ) cos ¿ ¿
1+ cos(x )4
cos ¿¿
1 1 4. ¿
3. −
1+ cosθ 1−cosθ
sin ¿ ¿
1−cos ( θ )−[1+ cos ( θ ) ]
[ 1+ cos ( θ ) ] ×[1−cos (θ)] 1−sin(2θ)
1−cos ( θ )−1−cos (θ )
2
1−cos (θ)
−2 cos (θ) 2 3
5. +
sin ¿ ¿ sin x−cos x sin x−cos x
cos ( θ ) 5
−2 × sin ( x ) −cos ( x)
sin ¿ ¿
cos ( θ ) 1
−2 × ×
sin ( θ ) sin (θ)
2. Use fundamental identities to simplify each expression into a constant, a trigonometric
function or a power of a trigonometric function.
1. tan x cos x
sin (x )
×cos (x)
cos (x)
2
si n θ cos θ
sin ( x ) 4.
co s2 θ sinθ
si n(θ)2 cos θ
2
cos θ sin θ cos ¿ ¿
2.
sin2 θ cos θ
sin (θ ) cos (θ)
cos ¿ ¿ cos ¿ ¿ ¿
cos ( θ ) sin (θ) sin (θ)
sin ¿ ¿ cos (θ)
cos (θ)
sin (θ)
5. cot θ tanθ
30 sin 2 θ cos θ 1
× tan ( θ )
3. tan (θ)
6 co s 2 θ sin θ
30 sin(θ)2 cos θ 1
6 co s (θ)2 sin θ
5 sin(θ)2 cos θ
co s (θ)2 sin θ
5 sin (θ)
cos (θ)
Activity No. 5.2
Directions: Prove each of the following identities.
1. ta n2 θ sin 2 θ=si n2 θ ta n2 θ
2 2 2 2
ta n θ sin θ=tan θ si n θ
cos θ
2. =1
sin θ cot θ
cos θ
=1
cos θ
sin θ sin θ+ tan θ
sin θ 5. =sin θ tanθ
cot θ+csc θ
cos θ
=1
cos θ sinθ
sin θ
cos θ
=sin θ tan θ
cos θ 1
+
3. co s2 β−co t 2 β=co s2 β co t 2 β sin θ sin θ
2 co s2 β 2 2 cos θ sinθ+ sin θ
co s β− 2
=co s β co t β
si n β cos θ
=sinθ tan θ
2 2 2 cos θ +1
co s β−co s β sin β 2 2
2
=co s β co t β sin θ
si n β
¿¿
( 1−si n2 β ) co s2 β 2 2
=co s β co t β
si n2 β sin θ ¿ ¿ ¿
co s2 β co s2 β 2 2 sin θ sinθ
2
=co s β co t β =sin θ tan θ
si n β cos θ
2
2 co s β 2 2 sin θ
co s β ∙ =co s β co t β sin θ ∙ =sin θ tan θ
2
sin β cos θ
2 2
co s β co t β=co s β co t β
2 2
sin θ tan θ=sin θ tan θ
cos x 1+sin x
4. 1−sin x = cos x
cos x 1+sin x 1+sin x
× =
1−sin x 1+sin x cos x
¿¿
cos x ¿ ¿ ¿
cos x ¿ ¿ ¿
1+ sin x 1+sin x
=
cos x cos x
Solutions of Oblique Triangle
Assessment Tasks
Now that you have read the text above, it is expected that you are ready to answer the following exercises.
Please answer them with sincerity.
Try these !
Activity No. 6.1
Directions:
1. Solve the following:
1 1
a. If LA = 70° LB = 25°, find tan ( A – B ) and tan ( A + B )
2 2
1
tan ( A−B )
2
1
tan (70 °−25° )
2
1
tan ( 45 ° )
2
tan (22.5°)
0.4142
1
tan ( A + B)
2
1
tan ( 70 °+ 25° )
2
1
tan ( 95 ° )
2
tan (47.5°)
1.0913
1 1
b. If LB = 84° and LC = 68°, find tan ( B – C ) and tan (B+C)
2 2
1
tan ( B−C )
2
1
tan ( 84 °−68 °)
2
1
tan (16 ° )
2
tan (8 ° )
0.1405
1
tan (B+C)
2
1
tan ( 84 ° +68 ° )
2
1
tan (152 °)
2
tan (76 ° )
4.0108
1 1
c. If LA = 97° and LC = 58°, find tan ( A – C ) and tan ( A + C )
2 2
1
tan ( A−C)
2
1
tan ( 97 °−58 °)
2
1
tan (39 ° )
2
tan(19.5 °)
O.3541
1
tan ( A+ C)
2
1
tan ( 97 °+58 ° )
2
1
tan (155 ° )
2
tan(77.5 °)
4.5107
2. Use the law of tangents to find the measure of the unknown angles of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶. Then
use the law of sines to find the length of the unknown side.
a. LC = 40°, a = 43, b = 17
A+B = 180° - 40° = 140°
1
tan ( A−B)
a−b 2
=
a+b 1
tan ( A+ B)
2
1
tan ( A−B)
43−17 2
=
43+17 1
tan (140 °)
2
1
tan ( A−B)
26 2
=
20 tan (70 ° )
1 26 tan ( 70 ° )
tan ( A−B )=
2 60
1
tan ( A−B )=1.1906
2
1 '
tan ( A−B )=49 ° 58
2
A – B = 2 (49° 58’)
A – B = 99° 56’
Thus, A+B = 140° and A – B = 99° 56’.
To find the measure of LB
A – B = 99° 56’
A + B = 140°
2A = 239° 56’
A = 119° 58’
Thus, B = 140° - 119° 58’ = 20° 2’
sin A sinC
To find c, use the law of sines, =
a c
sin A sinC
=
a c
sin(119 °58 ’) sin( 40 °)
=
a c
43 sin( 40 °)
c = sin(119 ° 58 ’)
c = 31.91
Therefore, LA = 119° 58’ , LB = 20° 2´, side c = 31.91.
b. LA = 51°, b = 95, c = 89
B + C = 180° −¿ 51° = 129°
1
tan (B−C)
b−c 2
=
b+ c 1
tan ( B+C)
2
1
tan ( B−C )
95−89 2
=
95+89 1
tan ( 129 ° )
2
1
tan ( B−C )
6 2
=
184 tan ( 64 ° 30 ´ )
1 6 tan (64 ° 30´ )
tan ( B−C )=
2 184
1
tan ( B−C) = 0.0684
2
1
tan ( B−C )=3 °54 ´
2
B – C = 2 (3° 54´)
B – C = 7° 48´
Thus, B + C = 129° and B – C = 7° 48´
To find the measure of LC
B – C = 7° 48´
B + C = 129°
2B = 136° 48´
B = 68° 24´
Thus, C = 129° −¿ 68° 24´ = 60° 36´
To find a, use the law of sines
sin A sin B
=
a b
sin(51 °) sin(68 ° 24 ´)
=
a 95
95 sin ( 51° )
a=
sin ( 68° 24 ´ )
a = 79.40
Therefore, LB = 68° 24´, LC = 60° 36´, side a = 79-.40.
c. LB =28°, a =35, c = 24
C + A = 180° −¿ 28° = 152°
1
tan (C−A )
c−a 2
=
c +a 1
tan (C+ A)
2
1
tan (C− A)
24−35 2
=
24+35 1
tan (152 °)
2
1
tan (C−A )
−11 2
=
59 tan ( 76 ° )
1 −11 tan (76 °)
tan ( C− A ) =
2 59
1
tan ( C− A ) =−0.7478
2
1
tan ( C− A ) =36 ° 47 ´
2
C− A=2(−36 ° 47 ´ )
C− A=(−73 ° 34 ´)
Thus, C + A = 152° and C – A = -73° 34´
To find the measure of LA
C – A = -73° 34´
C + A = 152°
2C = 78° 26´
C = 39° 13´
Thus, A = 152° −39 ° 13 ´ =112° 47 ´
To find side b, use the law sines
sin C sin B
=
c b
sin(39 ° 13 ´) sin(28 °)
=
24 b
24 sin( 28° )
b=
sin (39 ° 13 ´ )
b=17.82
Therefore, LC = 39° 13´, LA = 112° 47´, side b = 17.82.
Activity No. 6.2
Directions: Solve the Area of the following given triangle:
a. LA = 96°, LB = 64°, b = 17cm
LC = 180° −¿ (LA + LB)
LC = 180° −¿ (96° −¿ 64°) = 20°
2
b sin A sin C
K=
2 sin B
2
17 sin ( 96 ° ) sin(20 °)
=
2sin (64 °)
K = 54.6857 cm2
b. LB = 27°, LC = 103°, b = 30cm
LA = 180° −¿
LA = 180° −¿ (27° + 103°) = 50°
b2 sin A sin C
K=
2 sin B
2
30 sin (50° )sin(103 °)
=
2 sin(27 ° )
K = 739.85 cm2
c. LA = 110°, LB = 34°, c = 49km
LC = 180° −¿ (LA + LB)
LC = 180° −¿ (110° −¿ 34°) = 36°
2
c sin A sin B
K=
2 sin C
4 92 sin ( 110 ° ) sin (34 °)
=
2 sin (36 °)
K = 1,073.2254 m2
d. LB = 60°, LC = 72°, a = 12m
LA = 180° −¿
LA = 180° −¿ (60° + 72°) = 50°
2
a sin B sin C
K=
2sin A
2
12 sin(60° )sin(72° )
=
2 sin(48 °)
K = 79.7987 m2
Complex Numbers
Assessment Tasks
Now that you have read the text above, it is expected that you are ready to answer the following exercises.
Please answer them with sincerity.
Try these !
Activity No. 7.1
Directions:
A. Express each in term of i.
1. √−5= √(−1)(5)
¿ i √5
2. −√−81=−√ (−1 ) ( 81 )
¿−i √ 81
¿−9 i
3. 8+ √−64=8+ √(−1 )( 64 )
¿ 8+i √ 64
¿ 8 + 8i
4. 5−√−36=5−√ (−1 )( 36 )
¿ 5−i √ 36
¿ 5 −6 i
5. √ 25= √(−1)(25)
¿ i √25
¿ 5 i∨−5 i
B. Perform the indicated operation.
1. (3 + 4i) + (-6 + 3i) = [3+(-6)] + [4+(-3)¿ i
= −3+i
2. (7 + 8i) - (-3 + 5i) = [7−(−3) +(8 −5 ¿ ¿ i
= 10 + 3i
3. (3 + 7i)(9 -8i) = [(3)(9)−¿ )(-8)]+[(7)(9)+(3)(-8)]i
= (27+56)+(63-24)i
= 83+39i
4. (6 – 5i)2 = [(6)(6)−(−5)(−5)¿ [ (−5 )( 6 )+(6)(−5)]i
= (36−25 ¿+(−30−30)i
= 11 – 60i
2+ 5i ( 2 )( 3 )+5 [ ( 5 ) (3 )−( 2 ) ( 1 ) ] i
5. ( 2 + 5i) ÷ (3 +i) = = 2 2 +
3+ i 3 +1 32 +12
6+5 ( 15−2 ) i
= +
10 10
11 13 i
= 10 + 10
C. If z = x +yi, solve for x and y.
1. z = 3 -2i
x=3
y = -2
2. 2z= 4 + 6i
2 z 4+ 6 i
=
2 2
z = 2+3i 5. 2iz = -8 +12i
x=2 z = 6+4i
y=3 x=6
y=4
3. z= 5 +6i
x=5
y=6
4. (1−¿i) z =5
z−zi=5
z × ( 1−i )=5
5
z=
1−i
5 (1+ i)
z=
(1−i)×(1+i)
5+5 i
z=
1+1
5+5 i
z=
2
5 5
z= + i
2 2
z = 2.5 + 2.5i
x = 2.5
y = 2.5
Activity No. 7.2
Directions:
A. Express each complex number in rectangular form.
1. 6 ( cos 30° + isin 30°)
= 6 (cis 30°)
=6 (√3 + i
2 2 )
= 3√ 3+3 i
2. 8 (cos 270° + isin 270°)
= 8 cis 270°
= −8 i
3. 15 cis 330°
= 15 (
√3 − i
2 2 )
15 √ 3 15 i
= −
2 2
4. 7 cis ( -60)
=7 −( 1 i √3
2 2 )
= − √
7 7i 3
2 2
5. 4 ( cos 225° + isin 225°)
= 4 cis 225
=4 ( −√ 2 i √ 2
2
−
2 )
= −2 √ 2−2i √ 2
