Chapter 3: Geometry 1) ae me GeE9: ©) Three-Dimensiona naeene 3 Objects Peeper errr ees Leeson utcomes At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: * Identify and describe three-dimensional objects; * Differentiate two-dimensional from three-dimensional objects; * Construct three-dimensional objects using manipulatives; and * Solve word problems involving three-dimensional objects. “¢ Did You Know? The Great Pyramid of Giza is currently the only monument of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World found on foot. It is designed and built by architect Hemiuno for Pharaoh Khufo, located in Egypt. 2 300 000 blocks were used for the structure, 72. Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScanner32 Let's Discuss Pyramids are exa mples of 3-di i . Other 3-dimensional shapes are cube, rectangular p PI mensional figures. ism, cone, cylinder and sphere. A pyramid can be represented as follows: Pyramid Is a three-dimensional object. \ Tt has length, width and helght. helght Looking at the pyramid, we could see that It is made up of a rectangular base and triangular faces. Three-dimensional objects are also called width as solid figures or simply solids. length Other common three-dimensional objects or solid figures are shown in the table below. Figure Name Common Characteristics L—/ : Tt has 6 square faces, 8 corners or f cube vertices and 12 edges. + It has 6 rectangular faces, 8 corners rectangular prism, and 12 edges. It has a curved surface but Has no sphere edge and corner. It has 2 circular faces, 2 curved cylinder edges, and a curved surface, but . has no corner, It has one circular face, a curved cone surface, one corner and one curved edge. Chapter 3: Geometry, Lesson 3; Three-Dimensional Objects” 73 Scanned with CamScanner® Let's Do These Perform the following tasks. Activity 1 Make a cube, rectangular prism and triangular prism out of recycled folders. Describe the solids which you have constructed based on their faces, edges and vertices, Activity 2 Make a cylinder, cone and sphere out of the used Newspapers. Describe the solids which you have constructed based on their faces, edges and vertices, Activity 3 Teacher's Notes ivide the class into 3 groups. Disty . Peimaterals and worksheet. Haye group pick one activity to do. «Give each group ample time to Complete the activities. ribe the solids which . tet 1 ad based ‘on the faces, eee and vertices. «Let each group present their Work afte, the activity. ibute i i i lar pyramid out fF Make a rectangular pyramid, square pyramid and triangu q used illustration boards. Describe the solids which you have constructed based o, their faces, edges and vertices. tA Let's Recall * Three-dimensional shapes have length, width and height. The common 3D shapes are cube, rectangular prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone and sphere, Each has its own unique characteristics. Qs tots Practice A. Identify the solids represented by the following objects. 74 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades a Fy Scanned with CamScannerB. Cross out the two-dimensional shapes. Oka el NAoneED C. Draw the following, (> 1. rectangular prism 2, square Pyramid 3. cone 4. sphere 5. triangular prism D. Who am I? 1. Thave 6 faces, All of them are squares. Who am I? 2. Mayon Volcano is a representation of me. Who am I? ce. 3. 1 look like a trash bin with two circular bases and one curved surfa Who am 1? r 4. A box is a representation of me. All my faces are rectangles. Who am : are 5. I have more than 2 faces. None of them are circles. I have one squ face and the rest are triangles. Who am I? Y Lot's Create Identify the solid figures that can be formed [Link] following. ee Chapter 3: Geometry, Lesson 3: Three-Dimensional Objects 75 Scanned with CamScannerChapter 3: Geometry a Geometry, 009000, A Symmetry Oy © Lesserv Outcomes At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: * Identify shapes/figures that show symmetry in a line; * Draw the line of symmetry in a given figure; and * Complete a symmetrical figure with respect to a given line of symmetry, “GF Did You Know? Here in the Philippines, there are more than 900 species of butterfly, Three hundred fifty-two of them are endemic. 76 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScannera? IL, Let's Discurs The image 9° oF the buttery can be dvded into two equal parts as shown below. Symmetric means that a figure forms two equal parts or mirror image of the other when folded. The line that divides the figure into two equal parts is called the line of symmetry. Here are other examples. ' s 1 t 1 y ws. AT rs ' + ¢ . x The heart has one line of symmetry while the square has four lines of symmetry. . In a square, you can draw one line of symmetry either vertically or horizontally. Two slanting lines of symmetry can also be drawn. This means that there are four possible lines of symmetry which can be drawn in the square. Some figures don’t have lines of symmetry as shown below. They are asymmetric. Chapter 3: Geometry, Lesson 4: Symmetry 77 Scanned with CamScannerx Lets De These Perform the following activity. Identify the letters of the English alphabet that are symmetrical. Indicate the number of lines of symmetry in each. ee , w Let's Recall + Symmetric means that a figure forms two equal parts or mirror image of the other when folded. e i, * Aline that divides the figure into two equai parts is called the line of symmetry. « Figures that are not symmetrical are called asymmetric. Qsets Practice ‘A. Which of the following figures have correct drawing of line of symmetry? 1 : A ° fe ° " ' 2 4 4. ; 78 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScannerB, Draw the line of symmetry on each shape. 7 * Ss 4 cc ve amen he shapes/figures by drawing the other half to make them ‘cal. The line of symmetry will be your guide. te # ° 4. 4 D. a how many lines of symmetry can be drawn on the following shapes/ igures, 1. Choose one object that has symmetry. Draw it on the illustration board. Fill-it with indigenous materials such as seeds to make it attractive. Chapter 3: Geometry, Lesson 4: Symmetry 79 Scanned with CamScanner