SUB: GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Suresh Sir ea, Construction Wis Very Important 5 = & am, - . sav Ki GOLI in Life Visit CIVIL Ki GOLI Faccbook Page Foundation, types-foundation, design requirements. Shallow foundations-bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table and other factors L. The ultimate bearing capacity of a soil is 300 kN‘m®, The depth of oundation is 1m and unit weight of soil is 20 KN/m?. Choosing a factor of safely of 2.5, the net safe bearing eapaeity is (A) 100 kN/m? (B) 112. kN/m® (©)80KN/m?(D) 100.5 kNim? Ans: Net ultimate Bearing capacity =300-20X1 =280 kN/m? Net Safe Bearing Capacity = 280/2.5 =112 KNém? Two footings, one circular and the other square are founded on the surfuce of a purely cohesion-less soil. The diameter of the circular footing is same as that of the side of the square footing. The ratio of their ultimate bearing capacities is (A) 3/4 B)43 (©) 1.00) 1.3 Ans: For circular footing, du = L3eN, + GNg + 0.3YBN, For square footing, Qu = L3eN, + qN, + 0.4YBN, As soil is cohesion-less c= 0 and q = 0 as footing is resting on surface Ratio=0.3/0.4 = 3/4 * Gonstruction Is Very Important in Life3. Figure shows the geometry of a strip footing supporting the load bearing walls of a three storied building and the properties of clay layer. If the pressure acting on the footing is 40 KPa, the consoldacon setlement of the footing will be () 089mm (6) 8.9mm (©) 890mm (a) None of these Ans: As the load disp 1:2, and at the Centre of clay layer, ‘Area of spreadin, =12 43-42 40X12 _ = =10T SKM ORT) = GET Ce ame ar logso Suresh Sir * Construction AW), |sVery Important 4% e e CIVIL Ki GOLI in Life S44 Visit CIVIL Ki GOLI Facebook Page4. Figure shows the geometry of a strip footing supporting the load bearing walls of a three storied building and the properties of clay layer. If the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio of the clay layer are respectively 50%10° Kpa and 0.4 and if the influence factor for the strip footing is 1.75, the elastic settlement of the footing will be (@) 041mm (b) 14mm (©) 141mm (@) None of these Ans: 75 = 141mm = Spege XU7SKAOKL.2 = 1.41 5, Two circular footings of diameters Dy and Ds are resting om the surface of the same purely cohesive soil, The ratio of their gross ultimate bearing capacities is (a) DUD, (b) 10 (©) DE/DE) DD, Ans: For circular footing, du = 13eN, + qNy +.0.3yBNy, If c=0, Ny = 0 and as the footings are resting on does not the surface q = 0. Therefore it depend on diameter. So the ratio is 6, There are two footings resting on the ground surface. One footing is square of dimension 'B'. The other is stip footing of width 'B’. Both of them are subjected to a loading intensity of. The pressure intensity at any depth below the base of the footing along the centerline would be (a) Equal in both footings (b)_ Large for square footing and small for stip footing (©) Large for strip footing and small or square footing (@) More for strip footing at shallow depth (< B) and more for square footing at large depth (>B) Ans: (©)7. A strip footing (8m wide) is designed for a total setlement of 40mm. Tne safe bearing capacity (shear) was 150 KN/m? and safe allowable soil pressure was 100 kN/m’. Due to importance ofthe structure, now the footing isto be redesigned for total settlement of 25 mam, The new ‘wich of footing will be @) Sm) &m © Rm) 128m ane sx=128m 8. The bearing capacity of a rectangular footing of plan dimensions 1.5 m x 3m resting on the surface of a sand deposit was estimated s 600 Nim? when the water table is far below the base of the footing. The bearing capacities in kN/m? when the water level rises to depths of 3m, 1.5 mand 0.5 m below the base of the footing are (a) 600, 600, 400 (b) 600, 450, 350 (€) 600, 500, 250 (a) 600, 400, 250 Ans: If water table is below the 1.5 m or at the 1.5 m from the base of footing, the bearing capacity will be same. 0.SyBN, = 600 Let us take y = 20, N=40 Now water table is 0.5 m below the footing, Then yB=0.5 X 20+ 1.0X 10=20 0.5yBN, = 400 9. A column is supported on a footing as shown in the figure below. The ‘water table is at a depth of 10m below the base of the footing ‘The net ultimate bearing capacity (kN/m*) of the footing based on Terzaghi’s bearing capacity equation is (A) 216(B) 432 (©) 630 (D) 846 Ans: nus = 9(Mq ~ 1) + O-4YBN, =18X 1X23 +04X 18X 15X20 = 630 <- Construction is Very Importamt im Life10. A column is supported on & footing as shown in the figure below. The ‘water table is at a depth of 10m below the base of the footing, ee ‘The safe load (KIN) that the footing can carry with a factor of safety 3is (A) 282, (B) 648 (C) 945 (D) 1269 Ans: shea = GNA) by, 8X IX23404X18X 15X20 P=210X 15 X3=945 KN LL. The unconfined compressive strength of a saturated clay sample is $4 kPa, The value of cohesion for the day is (A)zero (B) 13.5 kPa (©) 27 kPa(D) 54 kPa Ans: (C) 12. . Ia square footing of size 4 m x 4m is resting on the surface of a deposit of the above clay, The ultimate bearing capacity of the footing (as per Terzaghi's equalion) is, (A) 1600 kPa (B) 316KPa (©) 200 kPa (D) 100 kPa Ans: ‘Cohesion=27 KPa Qu =13X5.7X27=200 KN/m? 13. Likelihood of general shear failure for an isolated footing in sand decreases with (A) Decreasing footing depth (B) Decreasing inter-granular packing of the sand (C) Increasing footing width (D) Decreasing soil grain compressibility Ans: (©)14, An embankment is to be constructed with granular soil (bulk unit weight = 20 kN/m3) on a saturated clayey silt deposit (un-crained shear strength = 25 kPa). Assuming un-drained general shear failure and bearing capacity factor of 5.7, the maximum height (in m) of the mbankment at the point of failure is (A) 7.1 (B)5.0(©)45 (D)25 Ans 20h = 5.7 x 25 h=7.125m 15, Four columns of a building are 10 be located within a plot size of 10 m x 10 m. The expected load on cach column is 4000 KN. Allowable bearing capacity of the soil deposit is 100 KN/m?, The type of foundation best suited is (A) isolated footing (B) raft foundation (©pile foundation (Dcombined footing Ans: (C) 16, Bearing capacity of a soil strata supporting a footing of size 3mx 3m will not be affected by the presence of ground water table located at ‘depth which is a) Om below the base of the footing b) LS below the base of the footing ©) 2.Sim below the base of the footing, dd) 3mpbelow the hase of the footing Ans (d) 17. No tension should develop at the base of the rectangular well foundation or at any horizontal section within the well. For no tension at the base, the resultant of P4{ total setive thrust) and W( weight of soil and well above the base) must pass through middle a) Halfof the base b) Third of the base ©) Quarter of the base 4d) Edge of the base Ans (b) 18. Consider the following statements associated with local shear failure of soils 1, Failure is sudden with well-defined ultimate load, 2. The failure occurs in highly compressible soils. 3. Failure is preceded by large settlement, Which of these statements are correct?” a) L2and3b) 1and2 ©) 2and3 dy Land 3 Ans (c) , Construction Wy, Is Very Important ea CIVIL Ki GOLI in Life Visit CIVIL Ki GOLI Facebook Page27. When a load test was conducted by putting a 60cm square plate on top of a sandy deposit, the ultimate hearing capacity was observed as 60KN/m?. What is the ultimate bearing capacity for a strip footing of 1.2m width to be placed on the surface oF the same soil? a) 7SKNim?b) 120KNim? ©) ISOKN/m? —d) 160KNém? Ans: 60 = 120 KN/m* 28. In case of footing on the surface or shallow depth in very dense sand ‘which one of the following types of failure is likely to occur? a) Punching shear failure 'b) Local shear failure ©) General shear failure d) Any of the above three Ams: (€) 29. The bearing capacity factors N,,.Nq, and My are functions of 4) Width and depth of footing b) Density of soil ©) Cohesion of soil d) Angle of internal frietion of soil Ans) 30. Mateh list-I (type of soil) with list-I (suitable foundation) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List A. Strong soil in surface layer B. Weak surface layer followed by rock at shallow depth below ground C. Swelling soil in surface layer extending up to a few meters below ground level D. Weak heterogeneous surface soil layer List: 1. Raft foundation 2, Isolated footing 3. End bearing pile 4. Under-reamed piles B 4 3 3 4 waa Reend Ans: (b)31 3 34. 35, In which one of the following zones is a logarithmic spiral shape of failure surface assumed in the case of bearing capacity analysis of e soils? a A ive zone) passive zone ) Radial shear zoned) surcharge zone Ans: (6) 2. The contact pressure distribution below rigid footing on the surface of a clay soil is a) Uniform for the full width b) Maximum at the centre and minimum at the edges, ©) Maximum at the edges and minimum at the centre 4d) Ofan irregular shape Ans: (©) Consider the following statements: 1. The bearing expacity of a footing on clay does not significantly get altered by the presence of water table, 2. The bearing capacity of a footing on saturated clay (B= 0) is a function of its size, Which of these statements is/are correct?” a) Lonly. b) 2only ©) Both 1 and 2) neither 1 nor 2 Ans: (d) Consider the following statements: Criteria for satisfactory performance of footings are that the 1. Soil supporting the footing must be safe against shear failure 2. Footing must not settle more than a pre-specified value 3. Footing must be rigid 4, Footing should be above water table. Which of these statements are correct? a) 3and4 —b)1and2 ands d) Zand 4 Ans: (b) For a proposed building, raft foundation, isolated footings combined footings are being considered. These foundations are to be listed in the decreasing order of preference in terms of performance. Which one of the following is the correct order of listing? a) Raft foundation-combined footings-isolated footings bb) Isolated foorings-raft foundation-combined footings ©) Combined footings- raft foundation-isolated footings d) Combined footings-isolated footings-raft foundation Ans: (a)36. The net ultimate bearing capacity of a purely cohesive soil a) Depends on the width of the footing and is independent of the depth of the footing b) Depends on the width as well as the depth of the footing ©) Depends on the depth, but is independent of the width, of the footing 4d) Isindependent of both the width and the depth of the footing Ans: () 37. A soil has a Tow allowable bearing capacity. The soil deposit contains compressive loess. A foundation is to be provided for a structure carrying a heavy load. Which one of the following foundation types is tobe adopted? a) Strap footing b) Continuous footing ©) Raft foundation 4d) Combined spread foundation Ans: (6) 38, Two footings, one circular and the other square, are founded on the surface of a purely cohesion less soil. The diameter of the circular footing is the same as that of the side of the square footing. The ratio between their ultimate bearing capacities will be a) 10 b1a Las A075 Ans: (d) Suresh Sir =.” Construction M b, Is Very Important B 2 y CIVIL Ki GOLI in Life Visit CIVIL Ki GOLI Facebook Page39. A multistory building with a basement to be constructed. The top 4m. consists of loose silt below which dense sand layer is present uplo a great depth, Ground water table is at the surface. The foundation consists of the basement slab of 6m width which will rest on the top of dense sand as shown fig. for dense sand, saturated unit= 20KN/ra® and bearing capacity factors N,= 15 and N,~45. Bifective cohesion is 2e:0 for both the soils. y= 10KN/m’. Neglect shape factor and depth factor average elastic modulus E & w of depth sand =60% 10* KN/m? and 0.3 respectively, Using factor of safety =3, the net bearing capacity (in KNim?) for the Foundation? The foundation slab is subjected 10 vertical downward stresses equal to net safe bearing capacity derived in the above question. Using influence factor 1;=2.0 and neglecting tembedment depth and rigidity corrections, the immediate settlement of the dense sand layer will be Comma ny T[ Basement |] a) 610,111 b) 320,58 ©) 983,126 d) 693,179 Ans: Gu = CNe + QNy + O5yBN, = 0484 15 +05 x 10 x 6 x45 = 1830 KN /m® tou = 2 610 Xx BXI 610 6x2 =0.l1m = 11133 Suresh Sir “fy,” Construction Wy, Is Very Important S 4 Z -~ 4 -z sone CIVIL Ki GOLI in Life Visit CIVIL Ki GOLI Facebook Page