Republic of the Philippines

COLEGIO de KAPATAGAN
Kapatagan, Lanao del Norte

“Quality Education By All Means Necessary”

Prepared By: Ms. Ivy G. Siarza

SUBJECT AND CONTENT

Objectives:

a. Differentiate subject from content

b. Compare and contrast representational art from non-representational art.

c. Determine the sources and kinds of subject.

d. Recognize artworks in the Philippines and classify them according to sources

Representational Art

● Images in an artwork, specifically in painting and sculpture, that are clearly

● It represents something that we might see in

A good example would be Da Vinci’s The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne, created in
early 1500s, we see human figures in a landscape of rocks and trees. The people are
depicted with delicate shading and highlights to give them rounded, dimensional forms.
Da Vinci painted this image more than five hundred years ago, but we certainly
recognize elements in it.

Non- Representational Art

● Consists of images that have no clear identity, and must be interpreted by the viewer.
Neither does it look like things we can find in the real world not it includes images or
shapes of objects that we would recognize.

Artist known for creating abstract art include Wassily Kandinsky and Mondrian. The
former’s painting, entitled “Painting with Red Spot” was created around 1914 where a
canvas full of colorful shifting forms and lines can be seen. Kandinsky was interested in
expressing inner emotional and spirit feelings. He used paint to form merging curves and
blended edges, but not to form recognizable things.

Kinds of Subject

History – one better way to start creating artwork is to look at the past. The rich history
of the Philippines has been a foundation of monuments all around the country- from national heroes
and former presidents of the country to specific societal conditions during the colonial- period – many
artists have been inspired to create artwork from historic events.

Still Life- this subject contains inanimate or non-living objects, which are arranged in a location, usually
set indoors, and contains at least a man-made object such as a basket, vase, or a bag.

Figures- this subject entails the use of a model, usually a human figure (clothed or not).

Animals- the earliest paintings found in a number of caves in Europe animals.

Nature- Nature as a subject in art covers many aspects of our life such as our emotional, spiritual, social,
and mental beings.
Landscape- the focus of this subject is the natural scenery of various landforms, which include
mountains, cliffs, forests, valleys, plains, plateaus, and the like, where the main subject is a wide view.

Seascape and City Scape- the emphases of the seascape as a subject are the water forms, which include
the ocean, sea, river, brook, pond, falls, etc.

Myth and Mythology- gods and goddesses have certainly influenced the life of the cities and of
individuals. Myth and Mythology are the ultimate sources of classical subjects in art, which can be
observed not only in Greek sculptures in the early centuries but also in the Renaissance period.

Dreams and Fantasies- these subjects depict an artwork without a “real” frame story but as a raw
material to an artwork, they represent the artist’s highest creative potential by producing an original
work from these images.

Content in Art

Content refers to what the artist expresses of communicates in his artwork as a whole. Sometimes, it is
referred to as the “meaning” of the work. In literature, it is called the theme, in fact, it can be defined as
the “statement we apprehend or the feeling or mood we experience with the work of art”.

1. Create a Sculpture out of soap- it can be carving of your favorite object, animal, food fruit or
anything under the sun.

Then write a description of your sculpture below, and the reasons why you chose the subject.
(Write this in a piece of paper).

Description:___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 Lesson 5

Art and Artisans

Objectives

a. Set apart artists from artisans and establish their relationship with each other.

b. Characterize the different medium in art production.

c. Identify and recognize notable works and contributions of national and GAMABA artists.

d. Define the role of various individuals in the world of art and culture.

ARTIST ARTISAN
Artist work in the fine arts, including, painting, Artisans are craftsmen who work in textiles,
illustration and sculpture. pottery, glass, and other areas.

Artist, focus on creating aesthetically pleasing Artisans, work focuses on accessorizing and
works. functionality more than aesthetics.

The work of artist tends to be shown in museums Artisans, sell their crafts at fair and shops.
or galleries.
Artisans make practical artistic products, such as
All artists’ work aims to create an overall reaction earrings, vases, stained glass and other
from a viewer. accessories, whose knowledge of the art is
obtained by studying under a master craftsman
An artist is to create an art for the sake of art and then practicing with continued study or
itself, without underlying motives- they may experience.
actually create art for the pleasure of creating it.
Artisans work to create something new, original,
and at times, provocative.

Medium Used in Visual Arts

A number of visual arts, which will be discussed in this lesson, include: painting, drawing, printmaking,
photography, sculpture, architecture, interior design, and landscaping.

The various medium of art according to category are as follows (adapted from Ortiz, et, Al (1976):

a. Painting – it is the process of applying pigment on a smooth surface (such as paper, cloth, canvas,
wood or plaster), to secure an interesting arrangement of forms, lines and colors.

● Pigment, that part of the paint where color comes from, is a fine powder ground from
some clay, stone, or mineral, extracted from vegetable matter, or produced by a
chemical process.

b. Mosaic Art- related to painting only because it creates pictures on flat surfaces. Mosaic wall or floor
decorations made of small cubes or irregular cut pieces of colored stone or called tesserae.

c. Stained Glass- developed as a major art when it appeared as an important part of the Gothic
Cathedral.

Among the purposes are: (1) Stained- glass windows admitted the much needed light that was missing
from the Romanesque churches. By doing this, they enlivened the other tomblike interiors and
introduced a bright and warm atmosphere. (2) They were also a means of religious instruction,
depicting scenes from the Bible and from the loves of the saints.
d. TAPESTRY- the walls of places, castles, and chapels in Europe were decorated in the Middle Age called
tapestries. These hangings added color to the drab interiors and also served retain in the room
whatever heat was generated from the fireplace.

e. DRAWING – this is the most fundamental of all skills needed in the arts. All designed objects are first
visualized in drawing before they are actually made.

It may be a sketch showing the general organization or design of a product being planned. Drawing
can be done with a various media. The most common of these is pencil, the leas (graphite) of which
comes in differing hardness, from soft and smudgy to very hard and needle-like, making possible a wide
ranges of values.

Ink, one of the oldest materials still in use, allows for a great variety of qualities, depending on the
tools and techniques used in applying the liquid form while Chines ink is solid sticks, which are dissolved
in water before use.

Pastel and chalk are dry pigment held together with a gum binder and compressed into sticks.

Charcoal is especially in representing broad masses of light and shadow. Charcoal may just come
from a burned twig a piece of wood, but in modern manufacture, charcoal stick or pencils are made
from particles of carbon mixed a binder and compressed.

Crayons are pigment bound by wax and compressed into sticks.

Silverpoint, in this medium, a silver-pointed instrument or a silver wire is drawn over a sheet of
paper prepared beforehand with zinc white.

f. Printmaking – a painting is a graphic image that results from a duplicating process, the technique of
printmaking involves the preparation of a master image on a plate made of wood, metal, or stone from
which the impression is taken.

g. Photography – is, literally, drawing or writing with light. It is a three-step process that involves the use
of such equipment and materials as a camera fitted with a lens and shutter.

h. Sculpture -  the action or art of making statues by carving or chiseling (as in wood or stone), by
modeling (as in clay), or by casting (as in a melted metal) 2: a work of art produced by sculpture.
sculpture.

i. Architecture- the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills
associated with construction. The practice of architecture is employed to fulfill both practical and
expressive requirements, and thus it serves both utilitarian and aesthetic ends.

j. Music- art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or emotional
expression, usually according to cultural standards of rhythm, melody, and, in most Western music,
harmony. Both the simple folk song and the complex electronic composition belong to the same activity,
music.