SOLAR-POWERED RAINFALL ALARM AND WATER LEVEL

SENSOR

A Thesis Presented to the

University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Electronics Technology

BURLAT, RYAN JOSHUA

FERNANDEZ, WARREN

GAID, ANDREA MEI

LIMOORAN, VIRGILIO JR.

PADUA, RELVIN JHON

REYES, JHENLYN

DECEMBER 2021
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In both developing and non-developing countries, flooding is the massive

natural disaster that causes loss of human and animal life and property. Flood

due to earthquakes in oceans, hurricanes, rainfall and other natural disasters

occur in many parts of the globe every year.

During rainfall, unmanaged drainage system in various geographical

regions leads to flooding and many lives are lost. If the researchers will design a

system that will give them an early warning that a flood will occur, then they can

save many lives. A system which uses technology to detect an increase in the

water level of near coast and alert people beforehand to secure safety and be

able to locate evacuation centers in no time.

So in this project, the researchers will present a prototype, a tool probable

to detect the intensity of raindrops and then send an alert using a buzzer. This is

just a small scale prototype thus, includes the use of Arduino UNO, Rain sensor,

and Level sensor, Solar panel, Buzzer, GSM and some connecting wires.

Rainfall detector will detect the intensity of rain drops and make an alert. It

can be significantly used, particularly in such areas prone to flooding as a result

of heavy rainfall. When it is raining, the rain sensor will detect the intensity of rain

and gives an alert or warning on what level it is, then it will relay a message that
consists of a warning it signifies. When it reaches the highest level, an alarm will

be activated. Additionally, it is powered by a solar panel so it does not longer

need electricity to operate.

We cannot predict the intensity of rain that will occur, so it helps us to be

alarmed when the warning reaches the level which can be considered as harmful

to the people living near coastal areas and even in the low-lying areas. We

wouldn't know if those raindrops will give a volume of water. This might be good

for monitoring flood alerts.

Statement of the Problem

Flooding is one of the major problem in our community, especially when

there is an unexpected flood occurs due to heavy rains. Some areas are really

affected by flooding in areas such as USTP inside and outside where the

researchers focus their study. The researchers came up some problems through

statistically our conducted survey. They cannot foresee how heavy the rain is, If it

will result to a flood or not? Due to heavy rain we would not know if the water

level will rise outside the school. The students, faculty members, staffs and all

people in the university will be trapped inside the USTP campus due to

inadequacy of warning the residents if a flood may occur.

Significance of the study

Floods can occur when strong rains fall, ocean wave’s crash on the shore,

snow melts quickly, or dams or levees fail. Flooding can be devastating with only

a few inches of water or it can cover a house up to the roof. Floods can happen
 in a matter of minutes or over a lengthy period of time, lasting days, weeks, or

even months. This research looks at how rainfall can have a significant impact on

people's lives and companies. In that case we've come up with a concept for a

proposal like the SOLAR-POWERED RAINFALL ALARM, which might benefit

specific areas of the world that experience the most rainfall.

Objectives of the study

This study aims to build a Rainfall alarm and Water Level Sensor to

efficiently manage the intensity of the rain using a rain sensor, level sensor and

GSM. Our thesis specifically aims to:

1. Design and develop a technology that would identify the intensity of the

rain.

2. Present a prototype that will warn people if a flood will occur.

3. Provide existing studies both local and foreign to support the proposed

device.

4. Explain the significance and purpose of designing the proposed device.

Scope and limitations

This study was conducted to determine the status of the Solar-powered

rainfall alarm and level sensor. The primary subjects of this research study
consists for the areas that receives huge amount of rainfall and areas that can

easily be flooded.

This project solar-powered rainfall alarm and water-level sensor uses solar panel

as an acting supply, in order to give source to the rainfall alarm. There are three

(3) levels, namely; low (yellow), mid (orange), and high (red). Once the water

level reaches Low, it sends a warning message. The Mid-level sends a warning

message and an alarm. The last level, sends a warning message and double the

sounds that the second level produce. The propose study limits only in

conserving electricity as well as aiding people in areas prone to flooding. The

project can be used in USTP campus and areas which receives huge amount of

rainfall

Conceptual Framework

Solar panel

Converter

Indicator Light
Level Sensor
Buzzer
Battery

GSM
Arduino

Rain Sensor