Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Schools Division of Cavite City
CAVITE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
QUARTER 4 SCIENCE 10
MATTER AND ITS INTERACTION (WEEK 1)
LESSON 1 BEHAVIOR OF GASES
This activity sheet is created and constructed to investigate the relationship between
1. Volume and pressure at constant temperature of a gas.
2. Volume and temperature at constant pressure of a gas.
Even before the idea of an atom was completed,
many scientists had already investigated the perplexing
concepts about matter, most especially in its gaseous state
primarily because this state is considered to be the
simplest. These studies resulted in what are known as the
Gas Laws, a set of natural laws that describe the
relationship of one physical parameter to another in a
gaseous system. Most of these laws relate the behavior of
gases to the conditions of temperature and pressure.
These laws, in particular, describe the behavior of ideal gases, although they may readily
be “modified” to account for the behavior of real gases, too. Ideal gases behave as if alone in a
container. They are assumed to experience no attractive force with their neighboring molecules.
Whereas real gases tend to experience attractive forces.
In this module, you will be introduced to one of these gas laws, the Boyle’s Law and
Charle’s Law.
Boyle’s Law
This law was named after Sir Robert Boyle, who studied among
others, the pressure of gases way back to the 17 th century. Boyle’s Law
states that the pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the
volume it occupies if the number of gas particles and the temperature are
constant.
Pressure-Volume Relationship in Boyle’s Law
In this law, the relationship between gas pressure and volume is
inversely proportional. This means that if the temperature and the
number of gas particles are constant and if the volume is decreased to
one-half of its original value, the pressure of the gas will be doubled. If the volume is doubled, the
pressure decreases to one-half of its original value.
When the volume of the chamber decreases but the number of gas particles remains
constant, there is an increase in the concentration (number of particles per liter) of the gas. This
leads to an increase in the number of particles near any given area of the container walls at any
time and to an increase in the number of collisions against the walls per unit area in a given time.
More collisions mean an increase in the force per unit area, or pressure, of the gas.
Address: Chief E Martin St. Caridad, Cavite City 4100
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[email protected] Boyle’s Law Equation
As previously mentioned, Boyle’s Law
states that the pressure of an ideal gas is
inversely proportional to the volume it
occupies if the number of gas particles
and the
temperature are
constant.
Mathematically,
Boyle’s Law is
expressed as:
Sample Problem
A sample of CO2 was confined to a container at constant temperature. When the pressure
applied to the gas was 2.50 atm, the volume it occupied became 4.50 L.
a. How much pressure must be exerted to decrease the volume of the gas to 3.00 L?
b. How much pressure must be exerted to decrease the volume of the gas to 4.00 L?
a. b.
LEARNING TASK 1 OH MY GAS!
Using Boyle’s Law solve the given situational problem in a clean sheet of paper.
A sample of He gas was confined to a container at constant temperature. The volume of the
gas is measured at 5.00 mL when the pressure applied is 6.50 atm. Determine the volume
of the He gas if the pressure is reduced to 2.00 atm.
Charles’ Law
This law was named after Jacques A.C. Charles. He came up
with the observation that the volume of the gas will change with change
in temperature provided that the pressure would not change. Charles’
Law states that volume and temperature, described in kelvins, are
directly proportional if the number of gas particles and pressure are
constant.
Volume-Temperature Relationship in Charles’ Law
In this law, the gas volume and temperature relationship are
said to be directly proportional. This means that if the pressure and
the
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number of gas particles are constant and if the
temperature is increased, the volume of the gas it
occupies also increases.
The increase in temperature of the gas leads
to an increase in the average velocity of the gas
particles, which leads in turn to more collisions with
the walls of the container and a greater force per
collision. This greater force acting on the walls of
the container leads to an initial increase in gas
pressure. Thus, the increased temperature of the
gas creates an internal pressure, acting on the
bottom of the piston that is greater than the
external pressure. The greater internal pressure
causes the piston to move up, increasing the
volume of the chamber.
Charles’ Law Equation
Charles’ Law states that the volume and
temperature, described in Kelvins, are directly
proportional if the number of gas particles and pressure are constant. Mathematically speaking,
Charles’ Law is expressed as:
Sample Problem
a. Kr gas occupies a volume of 1.75 L at 25.0 °C. Determine the volume of the gas if the
temperature is increased to 50 °C.
b. Kr gas occupies a volume of 1.75 L at 25.0 °C. Determine the volume of the gas if the
temperature is decreased to 20 °C.
a. b.
LEARNING TASK 2 OH MY GAS 2!
Using Charles’s Law solve the given situational problem in a clean sheet of paper.
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 250 ml of air at 10°C. If the pressure is kept
constant, at what temperature would you expect the volume to be at 150 cm 3?
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LEARNING TASK 3 GAS IN ACTIONS
Identify which gas law describes the given conditions below. Mark (✓) if the condition describes
Boyle’s Law, () if it describes Charles’s Law, and mark (X) if any of these law does not apply.
Write your answer in a clean sheet of paper.
1. Lungs
2. Air trapped in syringe
3. Heating aerosol
4. Inflating a balloon
5. Inflated balloon
6. Spraying aerosol
7. Pressure cooker
8. Deflated tire
9. Baking bread
10. Hot air breeze
11. Exhaling
12. Ping-Pong
13. Tires
14. Placing a balloon in liquid nitrogen
15. Hot air balloon
LEARNING TASK 4: PICTURE ANALYSIS
Instruction: Given the images below analyze which of the following examples demonstrate Boyle’s
Law and Charles’s Law. Explain your answer in a clean sheet of paper. A rubric scoring is given
to you as a guide in doing this task.
https://www.canva.com/design/DAEeW81SfAg/qf96jkxu2fB3J5VnChK-HA/edit
CRITERIA 5 3 1
Full photo analysis of photographs.
Contains complete factual information Full photo analysis of photos.
Amount of Photo analysis relies almost entirely on
(what you can see) as well as complete Factual and inferred information
Information opinion.
inferred information (what you can guess is nearly complete.
because of what you see).
Clarity of All information presented are complete Most of the information presented Only few of the information is correct
information and clear are complete and clear and clear
All statements are logically presented Almost all the statements are Few statements are logically presented
Organization
and coherent logically presented and coherent and coherent
References:
Andaya, Mylene O., Aquino, Marites D., Biong, Jonna A., Valdoz, Meliza P. Science links: Worktext for scientific and
technology literacy. Rex Book Store, Inc. 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila. Philippines. 2015.
Baguio, Saranay M., Butaran, Rose Mary B. Breaking through chemistry. C & E Publishing, Inc. 839 EDSA, South Triangle,
Quezon City. 2007.
Chang, Rey. General chemistry: the essential concepts. Fourth Edition. McGraw-Hill Education (Asia). 2006.
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WEEK 1
LEARNING TASK 1 LEARNING TASK 3
V2 = 16.25 ml 1 ✓ 6 X 11 X
2 ✓ 7 X 12
3 X 8 X 13 X
4 X 9 14
5 ✓ 10 X 15
LEARNING TASK 2 LEARNING TASK 4
T2 = 169.8 K ANSWER MAY VARY
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