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MAPEH Grade 10 2nd Quarter Reviewer

The document summarizes various types of African, Latin American, and Andean musical instruments and styles. It discusses the characteristics of Afro-Latin American music such as call-and-response and improvisation. It also outlines Filipino laws related to consumer protection, reproductive health, drugs, and tobacco. Health topics covered include the health risks of excessive body weight, eating disorders, and the FITT principle of exercise.

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95% found this document useful (19 votes)
122K views6 pages

MAPEH Grade 10 2nd Quarter Reviewer

The document summarizes various types of African, Latin American, and Andean musical instruments and styles. It discusses the characteristics of Afro-Latin American music such as call-and-response and improvisation. It also outlines Filipino laws related to consumer protection, reproductive health, drugs, and tobacco. Health topics covered include the health risks of excessive body weight, eating disorders, and the FITT principle of exercise.

Uploaded by

cali anna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • African Music
  • Latin American Music Influences
  • Incan Musical Instruments
  • Health
  • Legal Acts and Cyber Crime

2nd Quarter Reviewer in MAPEH

MUSIC

African music

 African music has rich and diverse cultural heritage that exist in hundreds of different languages.
 technique of "Call and Response"
 percussion instruments played either by hands or with sticks, drums, and others.
 50 ethnic divisions of the continent.
 European rule of the different nations up to the end of the 19th century.

Popular Music

 "Music of the populace"


 developed in the 20th century
 songs and ballads of the legendary Cole Porter, George Gershwin, and Frank Sinatra to the rock and roll craze of
Elvis Presley and the Beatles and the present-day idols in the alternative music and disco modes.

African traditional music is largely functional in nature, used primarily in ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage,
succession, worship, and spirit invocations

1. Afrobeat - is a term used to describe the fusion of West African with black American music.

2. Apala (Akala) - is a musical genre from Nigeria in the Yoruba tribal style, used to wake up the worshippers after fasting
during the Muslim holy feast of Ramadan, Percussion instrumentation includes the rattle (sekere), thumb piano
(agidigbo), bell (agogo), and two or three talking drums.

3. Axe - is a popular musical genre from Salvador, Bahia, and Brazil. It fuses the Afro-Caribbean styles of the marcha,
reggae, and calypso, and is played by carnival bands.

4. Jit - is a hard and fast percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums with guitar accompaniment, influenced
by mbira-based guitar styles.

5. Jive - is a popular form of South African music featuring a lively and uninhibited variation of the jitterbug, a form of
swing dance.

6. Juju - is a popular music style from Nigeria that relies on the traditional Yoruba rhythms, where the instruments more
Western in origin. A drum kit, keyboard, pedal steel guitar, and accordion are used along with the traditional dun-dun
(talking drum or squeeze drum).

7. Kwassa Kwassa - is a dance style begun Zaire. In the late 1980s, it was popularized by Kanda Bongo Man. In this dance
style, the hips move back and forth while the arms follow the hip movements.

8. Marabi- is a South African three-chord township music of the 1930s-1960s which evolved into African jazz.
LATIN AMERICA MUSIC INFLUENCEND BY AFRICAN MUSIC

Reggae

 Reggae is a Jamaican musical style that was strongly influenced by the island's traditional mento music.

Salsa

 Salsa music is Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Colombian dance music. It comprises various musical genres including
the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, chachacha, mambo, and bolero.

Samba

 Samba is a Brazilian musical genre and dance style.

Soca

 Soca is also known as the "soul of calypso."

Were

 Were is a Muslim music often performed as a wake-up call for early breakfast and players during Ramadan
celebrations. Relying on pre-arranged music, it fuses the African and European music styles.

Zouk

 Zouk is fast, carnival-like rhythmic music, from the Creole slang word for "party".

The Characteristics of Afro-Latin American Music

1. Conversation: "Call and Response"


The performance of voice interaction as an answer to the first chant.

2. Improvisation - Non-scripted ways of singing that allow sincere conversations. It is a framework where the artist has
freedom in creating musical mood.

3. The voice as an instrument- It is the manipulation of a freely controlled piece where they can change the tone of
voice, its tempo, the creation of moods, and even changing the range and voice power.

4. The instrument as a voice- the instrument serves as a "singer" along with the performer.

Aztec and Mayan Instruments


In Central America, the ancient civilizations of Aztec and Maya people used various instruments mainly for religious
functions and these were usually played by professional musicians.

1. Tlapitzalli - is a flute variety from the Aztec culture made of clay with decorations of abstract designs or images of
their deities.

2. Teponaztli is a Mexican slit drum hollowed out and carved from a piece of hardwood.

3. Concha - a wind instrument usually made from the shell of a large sea snail.
4. Rasp - a hand percussion instruments whose sound is produced by scraping a stick (or similar object) that has a series
of indentations or notches with another stick, creating rattling effects.

5. Huehueti -is an upright tubular drum used by the Aztecs and other ancient civilizations

INCAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

1. OCARINA – is an ancient vessel flute made of clay or ceramic with flour or 12 finger holes and a mouthpiece that
projects from the body
2. ZAMPOÑAS – or panpipes are ancient instruments from the Andes mountains of south America.

Andean Musical Instruments


The Andean highlands also had their own varieties of flutes and string instruments.

Siku (panpipe) is originally from the Aymaras of Peru and Bolivia It is traditionally found all across the Andes, and is the
main instrument used in a musical genre known as sikuri.

Songo, or shallow-walled bamboo, gives louder, more resonant sound than a regular deep-walled bamboo,but is less
common due to its fragility

[Link] Tarka - is a vertical duct flute with a mouthpiece similar to that of a recorder. It is used during the rainy
season and in tribal ceremonies to mimic bird sounds.

[Link] - is a vertical cane flute made from fragile [Link] is used during dry season and has six finger holes and one
thumb hole, open on both ends or the bottom is half-closed.

[Link] - is a ten-stringed Andean guitar from Bolivia.

[Link] - is an extremely popular band in Mexico whose original ensemble is consisted of violins, guitar, harp, and
enormous guitar on (acoustic bass guitar) Trumpets later replaced the harp.

ART

TECHNOLOGY – BASED ARTS/DIGITAL ARTS

 Make used of electrons & mechanical devices rather than the artist own hand.
 Through the centuries, visual artist used actual brushes and pallets.
 Today’s computer artist employs the ever-expanding powers of image manipulation programs and applications
to create their work.

TYPES

MOBILE PHONE ART

 Used as communicating tool and allows to generate original works of art.


 This could be personal photographs and videos that you can manipulate with myriad special effects as well
sound and music.

Ex: smart phones (5 inch), phablets (5-7 inches), tablets (7-inches above)
COMPUTER GENERATED IMAGE

 Define as any image that is created with the use of a computer-based program

Ex: billboard advertisement, building designs, greenscreen

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY

 Recording the image using a digital camera.

VIDEO EDITING

 It is the manipulation and arrangement of video shots with fun-filled features and creative editing tools

PE

FITT PRINCIPLE

1. Frequency – refers to how often you involve yourself irregular physical activities or exercises.
2. Intensity – refers how hard you should exercise or the level of difficult of your physical activity.
3. Time – refers to hoe long you should engage in a specific activity.
4. Type – refers to the kind of exercise or physical activity you should engage in.

HEALTH

Health consequences of excessive body weight

Being overweight or obese increases the risk for:

1. High blood pressure


2. Type 2 diabetes
3. Congestive heart failure
4. Obstructive sleep apnea and respiratory problems
5. Poor female reproductive health (menstrual Irregularities) psychological disorders (depression, eating disorders,
distorted body image, discrimination, and low self-esteem)
6. Shortened life expectancy
7. Decreased quality of life
8. Gallbladder diseases
9. Stroke
10. Gout

Eating disorders
Eating disorders are illnesses that involve crucial disturbances in eating behaviors thought to stem from some
environmental pressures. These disorders are characterized by an intense fear of becoming fat, which does not
disappear even when the person is losing weight in extreme amounts.

TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

anorexia nervosa - an eating disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation to lose and maintain very low body
weight due to a false/distorted perception of being fat.
Bulimia nervosa - an eating disorder characterized by a pattern of binge eating and purging in an attempt to lose weight
and/or maintain low body weight.

Binge-eating disorder - an eating disorder characterized by uncontrollable episodes of eating excessive amounts of food
within a relatively short time

Emotional eating - the consumption of large quantities of food to suppress negative emotions

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7394

 Consumer act of the Philippines.

OBJECTIVES:

 Protect the interest of the consumer


 Promote general welfare
 Establish standards of conduct for business and industry

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10354

 Responsible parenthood and reproductive health act.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8504

 The Philippine aids prevention and control act of 1998.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165

 Comprehensive dangerous drugs act 2002

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9211

 Tobacco regulation act of 2003

SOCIAL HEALTH

 Peer to influence also concerns you as adolescents that you may encounter

1. CYBER CRIME
 It is simply any crime committed in cyberspace
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10125
 Cybercrime prevention act on 2002

2. CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
 In relation to cybercrime
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9775
 Anti-child pornography act of 2009

3. HAZING
 Fraternities and sororities gangs ana social groups are starting to become more identified and publicized
because of their “alleged”
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8049
 Anti-hazing law

Common questions

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Improvisation is central to both African and Latin American music traditions, allowing musicians to express individuality and cultural narratives within performances. In African music, improvisation occurs within the 'Call and Response' format, enabling dynamic interaction and spontaneous creativity . Similarly, Latin American genres like Jazz and Salsa use improvisation to create unique interpretations and showcase virtuosity, often integrating rhythmic and melodic elements derived from both African and European influences . This deep-rooted tradition reflects the adaptability and expressive potential found within these diverse musical cultures.

The 'Call and Response' technique in African music enhances its cultural richness by fostering communal participation and interaction during performances. This technique allows for a conversational form of music where the leader's call is answered by either a chorus or a soloist, reflecting the interactional and collective nature of African societies . This musical dialogue not only strengthens group identity and cohesion but also emphasizes improvisation and spontaneity, key elements that highlight the creativity and dynamic nature of African music .

Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorders reflect societal pressures that emphasize thinness and idealized body images. These disorders often stem from a cultural environment that prioritizes appearance over physical and mental well-being, leading individuals to adopt unhealthy eating behaviors as a means of achieving perceived societal standards. The intense fear of weight gain and the distorted self-image associated with these disorders highlight the pervasive influence of media and societal norms on individual self-perception and health .

Juju music from Nigeria incorporates European instruments like the drum kit, pedal steel guitar, and keyboard into traditional Yoruba rhythms, which creates a hybrid sound combining indigenous and Western musical elements. This integration brought about a broader range of tonal possibilities and the ability to blend customary African beats with popular music styles, aiding the evolution and wider acceptance of Juju as a modern musical form . The adaptation illustrates a cultural exchange and evolution, maintaining traditional roots while embracing new influences.

Aztec and Mayan musical instruments such as the Tlapitzalli, Teponaztli, and Huehueti were integral to religious ceremonies, revealing their societies' deep connection to spiritual practices. These instruments, often intricately decorated with religious symbols, were used by professional musicians during rituals to invoke deities and mark significant events, reflecting the importance of music in religious and societal functions . This focus on ceremonial use underscores the societies' value on harmony with the divine and natural order, as musical instruments served not only entertainment but also a conduit to the spiritual realm.

Afro-Latin American music instruments like the conga drums (African origin) and the trumpet (European origin) demonstrate the fusion of musical elements through their combined use in genres like Salsa and Samba. These instruments reflect African rhythmic patterns and percussive techniques blended with European melodies and harmonies, crafting a distinctive sound unique to Afro-Latin music styles . Such integration showcases the historical cultural exchanges during colonization and slavery, which led to the synthesis of diverse musical traditions.

Digital photography represents a significant advancement due to its ease of manipulation and distribution compared to traditional photography. The transition from film to digital allows for immediate review and editing of images using advanced software, which expands creative possibilities and accessibility for artists. Additionally, digital images can be easily shared across platforms, enhancing the reach and impact of visual art in the digital age . This technological shift has democratized photography, making high-quality photographic practices available to a broader population.

Afrobeat evolved as a fusion of West African musical styles with elements of black American music, particularly jazz, funk, and soul. The genre emerged as a response to cultural exchanges brought about by colonial history and the transatlantic slave trade, which connected Africa with the Americas. This blend created a unique sound that reflects both African rhythmic complexity and the improvisational styles of American jazz and funk .

Republic Act 7394, also known as the Consumer Act of the Philippines, plays a crucial role in protecting consumer interests by establishing standards of conduct for businesses and industries. It seeks to promote general welfare and ensure the safety and quality of goods and services available in the market. The Act empowers consumers against unfair trade practices, provides mechanisms for grievance resolution, and aligns local policies with international consumer protection standards . These provisions are instrumental in safeguarding consumer rights and fostering a fairer economy.

Technological advancements in digital arts profoundly alter traditional art-making by introducing tools that expand creative possibilities, speed up production, and allow for easy reproduction and modification of works. These technologies enable artists to experiment with new forms and interact with viewers in digital spaces, effectively transforming visual storytelling and audience engagement. While digital techniques augment artistic practices by providing novel ways to manipulate images and construct art, they may also challenge the perceived value of traditional craftsmanship in arts culture . This evolution raises questions about authenticity, originality, and the role of the artist in the digital age.

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