Islamic University of Gaza QUESTIONS MARKS
Faculty of Engineering Ques. 1 (8)
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 2 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 3 (9)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Choose the correct answer (Justify Your answer)
1) A and B are two events such that P(Ac) = 0.5 and P(A ∩ Bc) = 0.3 Then P(A ∩ B) is equal to ………
a) 0.4
b) 0.2
c) 0.6
d) 0.8
2) Company A produces 15% defective products, Company B produces 35% defective products and C
produces 7% defective products. If choosing a company is an equally likely event, then find the
probability that the product chosen is defective.
a) 0.22
b) 0.57
c) 0.19
d) 0.21
3) (A ∩ B) ∩ (Ac ∪ Bc) = (A ∩ Bc) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) ∪ (Ac ∩ B ∩ Cc). This statement is valid for arbitrary
events A, B, and C.
a) True
b) False
4) (A ∪ B ∪ C)c = Ac ∪ Bc ∪ Cc. This statement is valid for arbitrary events A, B, and C.
a) True
b) False
1
QUESTION (2):
(a) User IDs on a system consist of one letter from the English alphabet (The English alphabet contains 26
letters) followed by a single digit between 0 and 9. How many IDs are possible? There are four users
of this system, what is the probability that two of them has the IDs X3 and W1. Note that Any ID can
be assigned to one and only one of those users.
(b) State if the following is valid Probability Mass Function? Justify
1/8 for 𝑥 ∈ {1,2,3,4}
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = {1/4 𝑥=5 }
0 Otherwise
2
QUESTION (3):
Two die are rolled (their sides are labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). Let X be the absolute value of the difference
in the number of dots facing up.
a) Find and sketch the PMF of X.
b) Find the probability that |X| ≤ k for all k.
c) Find E[X].
d) Find Var[X].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Choose the correct answer (Justify Your answer)
1) Let A and B be two events such that P(A) =0.4 While P(A Ս B) = 0.8 .Let P(B) = P. For what values
of P are A and B independent?
1 8
a) and
3 25
2 4
b) and
3 5
2
c) only
3
1
d)
2
2) For two events A and B, if P (B c ) = 0.5 and P (A ∪ B) = 0.7, then P (Ac |B c ) = ?
a) 0.2
b) 0.6
c) 0.714
d) 1
1) A survey determines that in a locality, 37% go to work by Bike, 45% go by Car, and 15% use both.
The probability that a random person selected uses neither of them is……
a) 0.03
b) 0.37
c) 0.33
d) 0.82
3) If two events A and B are disjoint, they must also be independent.
a) True
b) False
1
QUESTION (2):
A restaurant sends its online orders to its customers using one of four shipping companies. Define the
following events:
• C1: the order is shipped with company 1
• C2: the order is shipped with company 2
• C3: the order is shipped with company 3
• C4: the order is shipped with company 4
The restaurant uses the shipping companies with the following probabilities:
P(C1) = 0.5, P(C2) = 0.25, P(C3) = 0.125, P(C4) = 0.125.
Let X be the event that the order arrives on time at its destination. Depending on the shipping company
used, the probability of X varies:
P(X|C1) = 0.85, P(X|C2) = 0.9, P(X|C3) = 0.8, P(X|C4) = 0.8.
(a) Compute the numerical value of P(C2 ∪ C3).
(b) Given that an order has arrived on time what is the probability that it was shipped with company C1?
(c) Are the events C1c and X independent? Justify your answer.
2
QUESTION (3):
Consider the 6-sided Die, where its sides are labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
1) If the Dice is tossed two-times, what is the sample space?
2) If the random variable M takes the sum of the two-value tossed, what is the PMF of M?
3) What is the CDF of M?
4) Find E[M].
5) Find Var[M].
3
Islamic University of Gaza QUESTIONS MARKS
Faculty of Engineering Ques. 1 (8)
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 2 (9)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 3 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) If two events A and B are disjoint, they must also be independent. Is this statement (True or False)?
Justify
2) A survey determines that in a locality, 35% go to work by Bike, 55% go by Car, and 17% use both.
What is the probability that a random person selected uses neither of them?
3) (A ∩ B) ∩ (Ac ∪ Bc) = (A ∩ Bc) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) ∪ (Ac ∩ B ∩ Cc). Is this statement is valid for arbitrary
events A, B, and C?
4) A and B are two events such that P(Ac) = 0.4 and P(A ∩ Bc) = 0.25. What is the value of P(A ∩ B)?
1
QUESTION (2):
1) 8000 data packets are needed to make a video call of 2 minutes between two persons, where the
sending of each packet is independent to the other packets. The probability of losing a packet equals
10-7. Define Z as the number of lost packets during the video.
(a) Find PZ(z),
(b) What is the probability of no packet loss?
2) State if the following is valid Probability Mass Function? Justify.
1/8 for 𝑥 ∈ {1,2}
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = {3/4 𝑥=5 }
0 Otherwise
2
QUESTION (3):
Two die are rolled (their sides are labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). Let X be the summation of the number of
dots facing up.
a) Find and sketch the PMF of X.
b) Find the probability that |X| ≤ k for all k.
c) Find E[X].
d) Find Var[X].
3
Islamic University of Gaza QUESTIONS MARKS
Faculty of Engineering Ques. 1 (8)
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 2 (9)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 3 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) (A ∪ B) ∩ (Ac ∪ Bc) = (A ∩ Bc) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) ∪ (Ac ∩ B ∩ Cc). Is this statement is valid for arbitrary
events A, B, and C?
2) Let A and B be two events such that P(A) =0.3 while P(A Ս B) = 0.9 .Let P(B) = P. For what values
of P are A and B independent?
3) For two events A and B, if P (Bc ) = 0.67 and P (A ∪ B) = 0.6, what is the value of P (Ac |Bc )?
4) An electronic device contains 30 transistors. The probability that any transistor is defective is 0.01,
and the transistors are independent. The device operates only if there are no defective transistor. What
is the probability that the device operates?
1
QUESTION (2):
A) The number of customers that arrive at a big mall is often modeled as a Poisson random variable.
Assume that on the average there are 12 customers per hour. What is the probability that there are
exactly 25 customers in three hours?
B) State if the following is valid Cumulative Distribution Function? Justify
0 x≤0
1
0<𝑥≤1
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = 5
2
2<x≤3
5
{1 3 < 𝑥 ≤ 4}
2
QUESTION (3):
The CDF of a random variable X is given as shown in graph.
a) Find the PMF 𝑃𝑋 (𝑥)
b) Find 𝐸[𝑋].
c) If 𝑌 = 𝑋 2 find 𝑃𝑌 (𝑦)
3
Islamic University of Gaza QUESTIONS MARKS
Faculty of Engineering Ques. 1 (8)
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 2 (9)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 3 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Choose the correct answer (Justify your solution)
1) A and B are two events such that P(Ac) = 0.5 and P(A ∩ Bc) = 0.3 Then P(A ∩ B) is equal to ………
a) 0.4
b) 0.2
c) 0.6
d) 0.8
2) In a binary communication channel, it is equally likely to send either a 1 or a 0. The probability of
error given that a 1 was sent is 2/9, while the probability of an error given that a 0 was sent is 1/9.
What is the probability that a 1 is received?
a) 4/9
b) 2/9
c) 6/9
d) 1/9
3) A survey determines that in a locality, 37% go to work by Bike, 45% go by Car, and 15% use both.
The probability that a random person selected uses neither of them is……
a) 0.03
b) 0.37
c) 0.33
d) 0.82
4) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A∩Bc) ∪(Ac ∩ B) = (Ac ∩ Bc)c. This statement is valid for arbitrary events A, B, and C.
a) True
b) False
1
QUESTION (2):
1) 8000 data packets are needed to make a video call of 2 minutes between two persons, where the
sending of each packet is independent to the other packets. The probability of losing a packet equals
10-7. Define Z as the number of lost packets during the video.
(a) Find PZ(z),
(b) What is the probability of no packet loss?
2) State if the following is valid Cumulative Distribution Function? Justify
0 x≤0
1
0<𝑥≤1
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = 5
2
1<x≤2
5
{1 𝑥>2 }
2
QUESTION (3):
Two die are rolled (their sides are labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). Let X be the summation of the number of
dots facing up.
a) Find and sketch the PMF of X.
b) Find the probability that |X| ≤ k for all k.
c) Find E[X].
d) Find Var[X].
3
Islamic University of Gaza QUESTIONS MARKS
Faculty of Engineering Ques. 1 (8)
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 2 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 3 (9)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) (A ∪ B) ∩ (Ac ∪ Bc) = (A ∩ Bc) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) ∪ (Ac ∩ B ∩ Cc). Is this statement is valid for arbitrary
events A, B, and C? Justify your answer.
2) Let A and B be two events such that P(A) =0.4 while P(A Ս B) = 0.8 .Let P(B) = P. For what values
of P are A and B independent?
3) For two events A and B, if P (Bc ) = 0.67 and P (A ∪ B) = 0.6, what is the value of P (Ac |Bc ) ?
4) In a binary communication channel, it is equally likely to send either a 1 or a 0. The probability of
error given that a 1 was sent is 2/9, while the probability of an error given that a 0 was sent is 1/9.
What is the probability that an error occurs?
1
QUESTION (2):
A restaurant sends its online orders to its customers using one of four shipping companies. Define the
following events:
• C1: the order is shipped with company 1
• C2: the order is shipped with company 2
• C3: the order is shipped with company 3
• C4: the order is shipped with company 4
The restaurant uses the shipping companies with the following probabilities:
P(C1) = 0.4, P(C2) = 0.35, P(C3) = 0.125, P(C4) = 0.125.
Let X be the event that the order arrives on time at its destination. Depending on the shipping company
used, the probability of X varies:
P(X|C1) = 0.85, P(X|C2) = 0.9, P(X|C3) = 0.8, P(X|C4) = 0.8.
(a) Compute the numerical value of P(C2 ∪ C3).
(b) Given that an order has arrived on time what is the probability that it was shipped with company C1?
(c) Are the events Cc and X independent? Justify your answer.
2
QUESTION (3):
A) State if the following is valid Cumulative Distribution Function? Justify
0 x<0
1
0≤𝑥<1
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = 5
3
1≤x<2
5
{1 𝑥≥2 }
B) The CDF of a random variable X is plotted as in the figure
• Find and sketch the PMF of X.
• Find E[X].
• Find Var[X].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Choose the correct answer
1) The probability that at least one of the events M and N occur is 0.7. If M and N have probability of
occurring together as 0.2, then P(Mc) + P(Nc) is?
a) 0.5
b) 1.1
c) 0.9
d) Indeterminate
2) If 35% of boys opted for maths and 55% of girls opted for maths, then what is the probability that
maths is chosen if half of the class’s population is girls?
a) 0.1
b) 0.45
c) 0.95
d) 0.4
3) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ Bc ) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) = (Ac ∩ Bc )c. This statement is valid for arbitrary events A and B.
a) True
b) False
1
QUESTION (2):
A) Three transistors are chosen from a packet of twelve items of which four are defective. What is the
probability that at least one of the transistors is defective?
B) State if the following is valid Cumulative Distribution Function? Justify
0 x<0
1
0≤𝑥<2
5
2
𝑃𝑋 (𝑥) = 2≤x<3
5
3
3<𝑥<4
5
{1 𝑥≥4 }
2
QUESTION (3):
An integer is selected randomly from the set i = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}. Another random variable is assigned to
each outcome according to the following
𝑖𝜋
𝑋 = sin ( ),
4
where i is the outcome.
a) Find and sketch the PMF of X.
b) Find the CDF of X.
c) Find E[X].
d) Find Var[X].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Choose the correct answer
1) (A − B) − C = A − (B − C). This statement is valid for arbitrary events A, B, and C.
a) True
b) False
2) P(A ∪ B ∪ C) is always could be calculated as P(A) + P(B) + P(C).
a) True
b) False
3) In a die game, each person rolls a fair die which has the numbers 1 to 6 on it. The Player wins if the die
shows up as a ‘doubles’ (such as 3-3 or 6-6) or if the sum of the die is a 7. What is the probability that
the player wins?
a) 1/4
b) 1/3
c) 5/12
d) 5/6
1
QUESTION (2):
a) The probability that a randomly selected mobile device has NFC (Near-Field Communications)
connectivity is 0.25. A mobile with NFC is triple as likely to have a motion sensor as an iPad that does
not have NFC. Compute the probability that a mobile has NFC connectivity given that it has a motion
sensor.
b) A box of toys contains 6 blue toys, 2 red toys, and 7 black balls. If two toys are selected at the same
time, what is the probability that both have different colors?
2
QUESTION (3):
A Factory produces packets of papers. The number of papers per packet varies as shown in the following
table.
NUMBER OF PAPERS 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
PROPORTION OF PACKETS .04 .13 .21 .29 .20 .10 .03
a. Draw the probability mass function (PMF).
b. Calculate and draw the cumulative probability function (PDF).
c. What is the probability that a randomly chosen packet will contain between 99 and 101 papers?
d. Two packets are chosen at random. What is the probability that at least one of them contains at least
100 papers?
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) (A ∪ B ∪ C)c = Ac ∪ Bc ∪ Cc. This statement is valid for arbitrary events A, B, and C.
a) True
b) False
2) A ⊂ B and P (B) ≠0, where A and B are an arbitrary events. Which of the following is correct?
a) P ( A / B) = P ( A) / P ( B)
b) P ( A / B ) < P( A)
c) P ( A / B ) ≥ P( A)
d) P ( A / B ) > P(B)
3) The probability that a person lab test has Corona Virus (positive result) is 0.10. Five persons are
randomly checked, and the selection is performed independently. What is the probability that exactly
one has positive test?
1
QUESTION (2):
The following circuit contains 6 components and operates if and only if there is a path of functional
devices from left to right. Assume that devices fail independently and that the probability of failure of any
component is 0.25. What is the probability that the system functions?
2
QUESTION (3):
The probability mass function PMF of a discrete random variable X is shown below.
(a) Find and sketch the cumulative distribution function CDF of X.
(b) Calculate E[X].
(c) If Y=X2, find PY(y) and E[Y].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) The Venn diagram shows events A and B in the sample space S. Circle ALL statements below that
coincide with the diagram:
a) A and B are independent
b) A and B are mutually exclusive
c) P(A|B) = P(A)
d) None of the above statements are true.
2) The probability that a person lab test has Corona Virus (positive result) is 0.10. Five persons are
randomly checked, and the selection is performed independently. What is the probability that none has
positive test?
3) The probability that at least one of the events M and N occur is 0.7. If M and N have probability of
occurring together as 0.2. What is the value of P(Mc) + P(Nc)?
1
QUESTION (2):
The following circuit contains 6 components and operates if and only if there is a path of functional
devices from left to right. Assume that devices fail independently and that the probability of failure of any
component is 0.15. What is the probability that the system functions?
2
QUESTION (3):
The probability mass function PMF of a discrete random variable X is shown below.
(a) Find and sketch the cumulative distribution function CDF of X.
(b) Calculate E[X].
(c) If Y=X2, find PY(y) and E[Y].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) The Venn diagram shows events A and B in the sample space S. Circle ALL statements below that
coincide with the diagram:
a) A and B are independent
b) A and B are mutually exclusive
c) P(A|B) = P(A)
d) None of the above statements are true.
2) The probability that a person lab test has Corona Virus (positive result) is 0.10. Five persons are
randomly checked, and the selection is performed independently. What is the probability that none has
positive test?
3) The probability that at least one of the events M and N occur is 0.7. If M and N have probability of
occurring together as 0.2. What is the value of P(Mc) + P(Nc)?
1
QUESTION (2):
The following circuit contains 5 components and operates if and only if there is a path of functional
devices from left to right. Assume that devices fail independently and that the probability of failure of any
component is shown in the figure below.
a) What is the probability that the system functions?
b) Given that the system works, what is the probability that the component A is not working?
2
QUESTION (3):
The probability mass function PMF of a discrete random variable X is shown below.
(a) Find and sketch the cumulative distribution function CDF of X.
(b) Calculate E[X].
(c) If Y=X2, find PY(y) and E[Y].
3
Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Engineering QUESTIONS MARKS
Electrical Engineering Department Ques. 1 (8)
Probability Theory EELE 3340 Ques. 2 (8)
Dr.-Ing. Mohammed Ahmed El-Absi
Ques. 3 (9)
Total (25)
Mid-Term Exam
Date: November 28, 2020 Time Allowed: 50 minutes
Student Name:.................................... Student ID:..........................
QUESTION (1): Answer the following questions
1) The Venn diagram shows events A and B in the sample space S. Circle ALL statements below that
coincide with the diagram:
a) A and B are independent
b) A and B are mutually exclusive
c) P(A|B) = P(A)
d) None of the above statements are true.
2) The probability that a person lab test has Corona Virus (positive result) is 0.10. Five persons are
randomly checked, and the selection is performed independently. What is the probability at least three
have positive test?
3) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ Bc ) ∪ (Ac ∩ B) = (Ac ∩ Bc )c. Is this statement valid for arbitrary events A and B?
1
QUESTION (2):
The following circuit contains 5 components and operates if and only if there is a path of functional
devices from left to right. Assume that devices fail independently and that the probability of failure of any
component is shown in the figure below.
a) What is the probability that the system functions?
b) Given that the system works, what is the probability that the component A is not working?
2
QUESTION (3):
2𝑥+1
Let X is a random variable whose PMF at x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 is given by PX(x) = .
25
(a) What is PX(5)?
(b) Find the CDF of X.
(c) Find E[X].
(d) Find Var[X].
(e) P [2 ≤ X < 4]
