1626 Communication

8. A step index fibre has a relative refractive index

of 0.88%. What is the critical angle at the
corecladding interface
[Manipal 2003]
(a) 60° (b) 75°
Communication (c) 45° (d) None of these

1. In short wave communication waves of which of 9. The characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable is
the following frequencies will be reflected back of the order of [CPMT 2003]
by the ionospheric layer, having electron density (a) 50  (b) 200 
1011 per m3 (c) 270  (d) None of these
[AIIMS 2003]
10. In which frequency range, space waves are
(a) 2 MHz (b) 10 MHz normally propagated [EAMCET 2002]
(c) 12 MHz (d) 18 MHz (a) HF (b) VHF
2. In an amplitude modulated wave for audio (c) UHF (d) SHF
frequency of 500 cycle/second, the appropriate
11. If 1 and 2 are the refractive indices of the
carrier frequency will be
materials of core and cladding of an optical fibre,
[AMU 1996] then the loss of light due to its leakage can be
(a) 50 cycles/sec (b) 100 cycles/sec minimised by having [BVP 2003]
(c) 500 cycles/sec (d) 50,000 cycles/sec (a) 1 > 2 (b) 1 < 2
3. AM is used for broadcasting because (c) 1 = 2 (d) None of these
(a) It is more noise immune than other 12. Through which mode of propagation, the radio
modulation systems waves can be sent from one place to another [JIPMER 200
(a) Ground wave propagation
(b) It requires less transmitting power compared
(b) Sky wave propagation
with other systems
(c) Space wave propagation
(c) Its use avoids receiver complexity
(d) All of them
(d) No other modulation system can provide the 13. A laser beam of pulse power 1012 watt is focussed
necessary bandwidth faithful transmission on an object are 10–4 cm2. The energy flux in watt/
4. Range of frequencies allotted for commercial FM cm2 at the point of focus is [
radio broadcast is [MNR 1997] (a) 1020 (b) 1016
(a) 88 to 108 MHz (b) 88 to 108 kHz (c) 108 (d) 104

(c) 8 to 88 MHz (d) 88 to 108 GHz 14. The carrier frequency generated by a tank circuit
containing 1 nF capacitor and 10 H inductor is [AFMC 200
5. The velocity factor of a transmission line x. If
(a) 1592 Hz (b) 1592 MHz
dielectric constant of the medium is 2.6, the value
(c) 1592 kHz (d) 159.2 Hz
of x is
15. Broadcasting antennas are generally [AFMC 2003]
[AFMC 1995]
(a) Omnidirectional type (b) Vertical type
(a) 0.26 (b) 0.62
(c) Horizontal type (d) None of these
(c) 2.6 (d) 6.2 16. For television broadcasting, the frequency
6. The process of superimposing signal frequency employed is normally [AMU 2002]
(a) 30-300 MHz
(i.e. audio wave) on the carrier wave is known as [AIIMS 1987] (b) 30-300 GHz
(a) Transmission (b) Reception (c) 30-300 KHz (d) 30-300 Hz
17. The radio waves of frequency 300 MHz to 3000
(c) Modulation (d) Detection
MHz belong to [AMU 2002]
7. Long distance short-wave radio broadcasting uses
(a) High frequency band
[AFMC 1996]
(b) Very high frequency band
(a) Ground wave (b) Ionospheric wave (c) Ultra high frequency band
(c) Direct wave (d) Sky wave (d) Super high frequency band
 Communication 1627
18. An antenna behaves as resonant circuit only when (c) Is highly directional (d) Can be sharply
its length is focussed
[MNR 2002]
 25. Laser beams are used to measure long distances
(a)
2 because
 [DCE 2002, 03]
(b)
4
(a) They are monochromatic
(c) 
  (b) They are highly polarised
(d) or integral multiple of
2 2 (c) They are coherent
19. Maximum useable frequency (MUF) in F-region (d) They have high degree of parallelism
layer is x, when the critical frequency is 60 MHz
26. An oscillator is producing FM waves of frequency
and the angle of incidence is 70°. Then x is [Himachal PMT 2003]
2 kHz with a variation of 10 kHz. What is the
(a) 150 MHz (b) 170 MHz modulating index
(c) 175 MHz (d) 190 MHz [DCE 2004]
20. The electromagnetic waves of frequency 2 MHz to (a) 0.20 (b) 5.0
30 MHz are [Haryana PMT 2003]
(c) 0.67 (d) 1.5
(a) In ground wave propagation
27. The maximum peak to peak voltage of an AM wire
(b) In sky wave propagation
is 24 mV and the minimum peak to peak voltage is
(c) In microwave propagation 8 mV. The modulation factor is
(d) In satellite communication (a) 10% (b) 20%
21. A laser is a coherent source because it contains (c) 25% (d) 50%
[JIPMER 2003] 28. Sinusoidal carrier voltage of frequency 1.5 MHz
(a) Many wavelengths and amplitude 50 V is amplitude modulated by
sinusoidal voltage of frequency 10 kHz producing
(b) Uncoordinated wave of a particular
50% modulation. The lower and upper side-band
wavelength
frequencies in kHz are
(c) Coordinated wave of many wavelengths
(a) 1490, 1510 (b) 1510, 1490
(d) Coordinated waves of a particular wavelength
1 1 1 1
(c) , (d) ,
22. The attenuation in optical fibre is mainly due to 1490 1510 1510 1490
[AFMC 2003] 29. What is the modulation index of an over
(a) Absorption modulated wave
(b) Scattering (a) 1 (b) Zero

(c) Neither absorption nor scattering (c) < 1 (d) > 1

(d) Both (a) and (b) 30. Basically, the product modulator is

23. The maximum distance upto which TV (a) An amplifier (b) A mixer
transmission from a TV tower of height h can be (c) A frequency separator (d) A phase separator
received is proportional to 31. If fa and ff represent the carrier wave frequencies
[AIIMS 2003] for amplitude and frequency modulations
respectively, then
(a) h1/2 (b) h
(a) fa  ff (b) fa  ff
(c) h3/2 (d) h2
(c) fa  ff (d) fa  ff
24. A laser beam is used for carrying out surgery
because it 32. Which of the following is the disadvantage of FM
[AIIMS 2003] over AM

(a) Is highly monochromatic (b) (a) Larger

Is highly band width requirement
coherent
(b) Larger noise
 1628 Communication
(c) Higher modulation power (b) Varying the frequency of the radio signal to be
(d) Low efficiency picked up

33. If a number of sine waves with modulation (c) Tuning the antenna
indices n1, n2, n3 ........ modulate a carrier wave,
(d) None of these
then total modulation index (n) of the wave is
(a) n1 + n2 .... + 2(n1 + n2.....) 40. Indicate which one of the following system is
digital
(b) n1 − n2 + n3 ..........
(a) Pulse position modulation
(c) n12 + n22 + n32 .........
(b) Pulse code modulation
(d) None of these
(c) Pulse width modulation
34. An AM wave has 1800 watt of total power
content, For 100% modulation the carrier should (d) Pulse amplitude modulation
have power content equal to 41. In a communication system, noise is most likely to
(a) 1000 watt (b) 1200 watt affect the signal
(c) 1500 watt (d) 1600 watt (a) At the transmitter
35. The frequency of a FM transmitter without signal
(b) In the channel or in the transmission line
input is called
(c) In the information source
(a) Lower side band frequency
(d) At the receiver
(b) Upper side band frequency
(c) Resting frequency 42. The waves used in telecommunication are

(d) None of these (a) IR (b) UV

36. What type of modulation is employed in India for (c) Microwave (d) Cosmic rays
radio transmission 43. In an FM system a 7 kHz signal modulates 108
(a) Amplitude modulation (b)Frequency modulation MHz carrier so that frequency deviation is 50
kHz. The carrier swing is
(c) Pulse modulation (d) None of these
(a) 7.143 (b) 8
37. When the modulating frequency is doubled, the
modulation index is halved and the modulating (c) 0.71 (d) 350
voltage remains constant, the modulation system 44. Consider telecommunication through optical
is fibres. Which of the following statements is not
(a) Amplitude modulation (b) Phase modulation true [AIEEE 2003]
(a) Optical fibres may have homogeneous core
(c) Frequency modulation (d) All of the above
with a suitable cladding
38. An antenna is a device
(b) Optical fibres can be of graded refractive
(a) That converts electromagnetic energy into index
radio frequency signal
(c) Optical fibres are subject to electromagnetic
(b) That converts radio frequency signal into interference from outside
electromagnetic energy (d) Optical fibres have extremely low
(c) That converts guided electromagnetic waves transmission loss
into free space electromagnetic waves and 45. The phenomenon by which light travels in an
vice-versa optical fibres is [
(d) None of these (a) Reflection (b) Refraction
39. While tuning in a certain broadcast station with a (c) Total internal reflection (d) Transmission
receiver, we are actually 46. Television signals on earth cannot be received at
(a) Varying the local oscillator frequency distances greater than 100 km from the
transmission station. The reason behind this is
that [DCE 1995]
 Communication 1629
(a) The receiver antenna is unable to detect the n2 are the refractive indices of the core and the
signal at a distance greater than 100 km cladding, respectively
(b) The TV programme consists of both audio and [AIIMS 2005]
video signals
(a) sin −1 (n2 / n1 ) (b) sin −1 n12 − n22
(c) The TV signals are less powerful than radio
signals  n   n 
(c)  tan −1 2  (d)  tan −1 1 
(d) The surface of earth is curved like a sphere  n1   n2 

47. Advantage of optical fibre [DCE 2005]

(a) High bandwidth and EM interference
(b) Low bandwidth and EM interference
(c) High band width, low transmission capacity
and no EM interference
1. A sky wave with a frequency 55 MHz is incident
(d) High bandwidth, high data transmission
on D-region of earth's atmosphere at 45o. The
capacity and no EM interference
angle of refraction is (electron density for D-
48. In frequency modulation [Kerala PMT 2005]
region is 400 electron/cm3)
(a) The amplitude of modulated wave varies as
[Haryana PMT 2003]
frequency of carrier wave
(a) 60° (b) 45°
(b) The frequency of modulated wave varies as
amplitude of modulating wave (c) 30° (d) 15°
(c) The amplitude of modulated wave varies as 2. In a diode AM-detector, the output circuit consist of
amplitude of carrier wave R = 1k and C = 10 pF. A carrier signal of 100 kHz is
(d) The frequency of modulated wave varies as to be detected. Is it good
frequency of modulating wave (a) Yes
(e) The frequency of modulated wave varies as (b) No
frequency of carrier wave
(c) Information is not sufficient
49. Audio signal cannot be transmitted because
(d) None of these
[Kerala PMT 2005]
3. Consider an optical communication system
(a) The signal has more noise
operating at ~800 nm. Suppose, only 1% of the
(b) The signal cannot be amplified for distance optical source frequency is the available channel
communication bandwidth for optical communication. How many
(c) The transmitting antenna length is very small channels can be accommodated for transmitting
to design audio signals requiring a bandwidth of 8 kHz

(d) The transmitting antenna length is very large (a) 4.8  108 (b) 48
and impracticable (c) 6.2  108 (d) 4.8  105
(e) The signal is not a radio signal 4. A photodetector is made from a semiconductor In
0.53Ga 0.47As with Eg = 0.73 eV. What is the
50. In which of the following remote sensing
technique is not used [Kerala PMT 2005]
maximum wavelength, which it can detect
(a) 1000 nm (b) 1703 nm
(a) Forest density (b) Pollution
(c) Wetland mapping (d) Medical treatment (c) 500 nm (d) 173 nm

51. For sky wave propagation of a 10 MHz signal, 5. A transmitter supplies 9 kW to the aerial when
what should be the minimum electron density in unmodulated. The power radiated when
ionosphere modulated to 40% is

[AIIMS 2005] (a) 5 kW (b) 9.72 kW

(a) ~ 1.2  1012 m–3 (b) ~ 106 m–3 (c) 10 kW (d) 12 kW

(c) ~ 1014 m–3 (d) ~ 1022 m–3 6. The antenna current of an AM transmitter is 8 A
when only carrier is sent but increases to 8.96 A
52. What should be the maximum acceptance angle at
the aircore interface of an optical fibre if n1 and
 1630 Communication
when the carrier is sinusoidally modulated. The (d) Carrier frequency  signal frequency
percentage modulation is
(a) 50% (b) 60%
(c) 65% (d) 71%
7. The total power content of an AM wave is 1500 W.
For 100% modulation, the power transmitted by
the carrier is Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the
correct option out of the options given below:
(a) 500 W (b) 700 W
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the
(c) 750 W (d) 1000 W reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
8. The total power content of an AM wave is 900 W. (b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is
For 100% modulation, the power transmitted by not the correct explanation of the assertion.
each side band is (c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(a) 50 W (b) 100 W
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.
(c) 150 W (d) 200 W
1. Assertion : Diode lasers are used as optical
9. The modulation index of an FM carrier having a
sources in optical communication.
carrier swing of 200 kHz and a modulating signal
10 kHz is Reason : Diode lasers consume less energy.

(a) 5 (b) 10 [AIIMS 2005]

2. Assertion : Television signals are received
(c) 20 (d) 25
through sky-wave propagation.
10. A 500 Hz modulating voltage fed into an FM
generator produces a frequency deviation of 2.25 Reason : The ionosphere reflects
kHz. If amplitude of the voltage is kept constant electromagnetic waves of frequencies
but frequency is raised to 6 kHz then the new greater than a certain critical
deviation will be frequency. [AIIMS 2005]

(a) 4.5 kHz (b) 54 kHz 3. Assertion : In high latitude one sees colourful

(c) 27 kHz (d) 15 kHz curtains of light hanging down from

high altitudes.
11. The audio signal used to modulate 60 sin (2  106
t) is 15 sin 300 t. The depth of modulation is Reason : The high energy charged particles
from the sun are deflected to polar
(a) 50% (b) 40%
regions by the magnetic field of the
(c) 25% (d) 15% earth. [AIIMS 2003]
12. The bit rate for a signal, which has a sampling 4. Assertion : Short wave bands are used for
rate of 8 kHz and where 16 quantisation levels transmission of radio waves to a
have been used is large distance.
(a) 32000 bits/sec (b) 16000 bits/sec Reason : Short waves are reflected by
(c) 64000 bits/sec (d) 72000 bits/sec ionosphere
13. An amplitude modulated wave is modulated to [AIIMS 1994]
50%. What is the saving in power if carrier as 5. Assertion : The electrical conductivity of
well as one of the side bands are suppressed earth's atmosphere decreases with
(a) 70% (b) 65.4% altitude.
(c) 94.4% (d) 25.5% Reason : The high energy particles (i.e. -rays
14. In AM, the centpercent modulation is achieved and cosmic rays) coming from outer
when space and entering our earth's
atmosphere cause ionisation of the
(a) Carrier amplitude = signal amplitude
atoms of the gases present there and
(b) Carrier amplitude  signal amplitude the pressure of gases decreases with
(c) Carrier frequency = signal frequency increase in altitude.
 Communication 1631
6. Assertion : The electromagnetic waves of 26 b 27 d 28 a 29 d 30 b
shorter wavelength can travel longer 31 b 32 a 33 c 34 b 35 C
distances on earth's surface than
36 a 37 c 38 c 39 a 40 B
those of longer wavelengths.
41 b 42 c 43 a 44 c 45 C
Reason : Shorter the wavelength, the larger is
46 d 47 d 48 b 49 d 50 D
the velocity of wave propagation.
51 a 52 b
7. Assertion : The surface wave propagation is
used for medium wave band and for
television broadcasting.
Critical Thinking Questions
Reason : The surface waves travel directly 1 b 2 b 3 a 4 b 5 b
from transmitting antenna to receiver
6 d 7 d 8 c 9 b 10 b
antenna through atmosphere.
11 c 12 a 13 c 14 a
8. Assertion : The television broadcasting
becomes weaker with increasing
distance.
Reason : The power transmitted from TV
transmitter varies inversely as the
distance of the receiver
9. Assertion : Microwave propagation is better
than the sky wave propagation.
Reason : Microwaves have frequencies 100 to
300 GHz, which have very good
directional properties.
10. Assertion : Satellite is an ideal platform for
remote sensing.
Reason : Satellite in polar orbit can provide
global coverage or continuous
coverage of the fixed area in
geostationary configuration.
11. Assertion : Fax is a modulating and
demodulating device.
Reason : It is necessary for exact reproduction
of a document.
12. Assertion : A dish antenna is highly directional.
Reason : This is because a dipole antenna is
omni directional.

Communication

1 a 2 d 3 c 4 a 5 b
6 c 7 c 8 d 9 c 10 c
11 a 12 d 13 b 14 c 15 b
16 a 17 c 18 d 19 c 20 b
21 d 22 d 23 a 24 d 25 d