SRI SATHYA VIDYA VIHAR

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Solve :- (1) Find order and degree of the following differential equations
dy 2 4
 cos x  0 (b) xy d y2  x  dy   y dy  0 (c)  ds   3s d 2s  0 (d) y' + y = ex
2 2
(a)
dx dx  dx  dx  dt  dt
4
(e) d y4  sin( y )  0 (f) y''' + y2 + e y ' = 0 (g) y''+ (y' ) 2 +2y = 0
dx
3
(i) xy  d y2    dy   sin  dy   1  0
2 2 3 2
(h) y'''+ 2y ' + siny =0 (j)  dy   dy 
   4   7 y  sin x  1
 dx   dx   dx   dx   dx 
2
(k) d y  3  dy   x 2 log  d y  (l) log  dy   3 x  4 y (m) d y2  5 x  dy   6 y  log x
2 2 2 2

2
dx  dx 
2
 dx   dx  dx  dx 
2 2
(n) y e x/y dx = ( x e x/y +y2 ) dy (o) d y  1
dy (p) dy  dy 
2 y x  1  
dx dx dx  dx 
3

1  ( dy / dx )  2
(s) y  dy  1
(q) y  dy   ydx
c (r)
2
 k
dx dy dx d 2
y dx 2
dx 4
# Solution of a differential equation
y = f(x) is called a solution of the differential equation g( y2 , y1 ,y , x) = 0 if derivatives of y =f(x)
satisfy the given differential equation
Solve :- (1) (a) verify that x + y = tan–1y is a solution of differential equation y2 y′ + y2 + 1 = 0
2
(b) Show that y = a e x + b e –x + x2 is a solution of x d y2 + 2 dy  xy + x 2  2 = 0
dx dx
(c) Verify that xy = log y + C is a solution of y2
y =
1  xy
d2 y
(d) Prove that y = x sin 3x is a solution of the differential equation + 9y  6cos3x = 0
dx 2
(e) Verify that the function y = c1 e ax cos bx + c2 e ax sin bx , where c1, c2 are arbitrary constants
2
is a solution of the differential equation d y2
 2a
dy
+ (a 2 + b 2 )y = 0
dx dx
# SOLVING A DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
(1) VARIABLE SEPARABLE FORM :--
Solve :-(1) Solve the given differential equations
1  y2
(a) dy + =0 (b) y log y dx – x dy = 0 (c) sec2 x tan y dx + sec2 y tan x dy = 0
dx 1  x2
dy
(d) ( e x + e – x ) dy – ( e x – e – x ) dx = 0 (e) = 2e – y –1 given that y(0) =0
(x+1)
dx
(f) (1 + e 2x ) dy + ( 1 + y2 ) ex dx = 0, given that y = 1 when x = 0
dy dy
(g) ( x3 + x2+ x + 1) = 2 x2 + x ; y = 1 when x = 0 (h) + y = xy
dx dx
(2) Solve the given differential equations
dy dy
(b) ( y + xy ) dx + ( x− xy2 ) dy = 0 (c) xy = 1 + x + y + xy (d) = 1  x + y  xy
dx dx
dy dy
(e) = ex+y + e–x+y (f) = e x + y + x2 e y given that y = 0 when x = 0
dx dx
dy  dy 
(g) tan y = sin ( x + y ) + sin ( x – y ) (h) cos   = a ( a R ) ; y = 1 when x = 0
dx  dx 
 dy   dy 
(i) log   = 3x + 4y given y(0) = 0 (j) e dy / dx = x +1 (k) cot –1   = 3x
 dx   dx 
(3) Solve the following differential equations
 dy dy dy x y+ 3  dy 
(a) = ( 4x+ y + 1)2 ( b) ( x + y + 1 ) = 1 (c) = (d) sin –1   = x + y
dx dx dx 2(x  y) + 5  dx 
 dy  dy  dy 
(e) 1 – 2   = cos 2( x – 2y ) (f) ( x + y ) 2 = a2 (g)   = sin(x+y) + cos (x+y)
 dx  dx  dx 
(5) Find a particular solution of the diff. equation (x – y) (dx + dy) = dx – dy, given y = –1, x = 0

(2)HOMOGENEOUS DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

(1) Show that the equation is homogeneous and then solve it
dy
(a) x2 = x 2 – 2y 2 + xy (b) (x – y) dy – (x + 2y) dx = 0 ; y = 1 , x = 1 (c) x dy – y dx = x 2 + y 2 dx
dx
(d) (x2 – y2) dx + 2xy dy = 0 (e) (x2 + xy) dy = (x2 + y2) dx (f) { x x 2 + y 2 –y 2 } dx + xy dy = 0
(g) ( x 2 y + y 2 x ) dy = ( x 3 + y 3 ) dx (h) (x3 – 3 x y2 ) dy = (y3 – 3 x2 y) dx
(2) Solve the given differential equation
y  x x
x
(a) [x sin2 – y ] dx + x dy = 0 ; y = when x = 1 (b) { 1 + e y } dx + e y { 1 – }dy = 0
x 4 y
x x
y
(c) y dx + x log ( ) dy – 2x dy = 0 (d) 2y e dx + { y – 2x e y } dy = 0 given y(0) = 1
y
x
y y
(e) ( x dy – y dx) y sin( ) = ( ydx + xdy ) x cos ( )
x x
x x
y y 𝒅𝒚 𝒚
(3) Solve the following differential equation (a) y e dx = { x e + y2 } dy (b) x2 𝒅𝒙 − xy = 1+ cos𝒙

( 3 ) LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

(1) Solve the given differential equation
dy dy y dy dy –2x
(a) + 2y = sin x (b) + = x2 (c) ( x + y ) =1 (d) +3y=e
dx dx x dx dx
(e) y dx – ( x + 2 y 3 ) dy = 0 (f) e x dy + ( y e x + 2x ) dx = 0 ( g) dx + x dy = e–y sec2 y dy
dy
(h) y2 logy dx + xy dy = 2 logy dy (i) (x2 + 1) + 2xy = x2 + 4 (j) √𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐 dx = [sin –1 y –x]dy
dx
(2) Solve the given differential equation
dx dy dy
(a) ( 1 –y2) + yx = a y ( b) cos 2 x + y = tanx (c) x + 2 y = x2 log x
dy dx dx
dy 2
(d) ( tan – 1y – x ) dy = ( 1 + y 2 ) dx (e) x log x +y= log x
dx x
(f)  e 2 x
 
y  dx

dx ==1 1 (g) dy – 3y cotx = sin 2x ; y =2 when x = 

 x x  dy
 dy
dx 4

dy  tan 1 y dy
(h) + y cotx = 2x+ x2 cot x ; y =0 when x = (i) ( 1 + y 2 ) + ( x – e ) =0
dx 2 dx
dy
(j) x + y – x + xy cot x = 0 ( k) y e y dx = ( y 3 + 2 x e y ) dy , y ( 0 ) = 1
dx
dy x + y cosx dy 1 dy
(l) =─ (m) ( 1 + x 2 ) + 2xy = 2
(n) + y cot x = 4x cosec x
dx 1 + sinx dx 1+x dx