GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
1) SWING MOTOR
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Output shaft Oil level gauge Time delay valve Mu GA GB Dr

Gear oil filling port (PT1/4) SH PG A B

555K2SM01

Port Port name Port size

SH
A Main port SAE PF 1/2
PG B Main port SAE PF 1/2
Dr Drain port PF 3/8
Air vent
Mu Make up port PF 3/4
PG Brake release port PF 1/4
SH Brake pilot port PF 1/4
Dr
GA,GB Gauge port PF 1/4
GA GB

A Mu B

Hydraulic circuit

2-30
4 6 8 3 14 29 30 16 22 33 34 41,42 19 20,21 35 36 38 37

1 2 5 7 10 9 11 26 27 28 13 15 12 32 31 17 24 25 39 40 18

555K2SM03

1 Body 15 Taper bearing 30 Spring

2 Oil seal 16 Valve plate 31 Time delay valve
3 Cylinder block 17 Relief valve assy 32 Socket bolt
4 Shaft 18 Socket bolt 33 Plug
5 Taper bearing 19 Plug 34 O-ring
6 Bushing 20 Plug 35 Valve
7 Shoe plate 21 O-ring 36 Spring
8 Spring 22 Shim 37 Plug
9 Set plate 24 Back up ring 38 O-ring
10 Piston shoe assy 25 O-ring 39 O-ring
11 Ball guide 26 Friction plate 40 Back up ring
12 Rear cover 27 Plate 41 Name plate
13 Pin 28 Parking piston 42 Rivet
14 O-ring 29 O-ring

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2) REDUCTION GEAR

2 3 4 5 6 31 26 28 30 29 7 8

24
32

23
22

21

9
25

1 16 15 14 13 27 20 11 17
55W72SM02

1 Shaft 12 Carrier assy 2 23 Bushing 1

2 Bearing cover 13 Dowel pin 24 Thrust washer 1
3 Taper roller bearing 14 Collar 25 Thrust washer 3
4 Case 15 Plug 26 Thrust washer 2
5 Oil seal 16 Plug 27 Carrier assy 2
6 Taper roller bearing 17 Cover 28 Planet gear 2
7 Sun gear 2 18 Pipe 29 Pin 2
8 Socket bolt 19 Level gauge 30 Bushing 2
9 Sun gear 1 20 Carrier assy 1 31 Spring pin
10 Carrier assy 1 21 Planet gear 1 32 Snap ring
11 Ring gear 22 Pin 1 33 Thrust washer 4

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2. FUNCTION
1) ROTARY PART
When high pressurized oil enters a cylinder through port(a), which is the inlet of balance plate(16),
hydraulic pressure acting on the piston causes axial force F. The pressure force F works via the
piston(10) upon the return plate(9) which acts upon the swash plate(7) via an hydrostatic bearing.
Force F1 perpendicular to swash plate(7) and force F2 perpendicular to cylinder center.
Being transferred to the cylinder block(3) through piston, force F2 causes rotational moment at
surroundings of cylinder.
Since cylinder block has 9 equidistantly arrayed pistons, rotational torque is transmitted to cylinder
shaft in order by several pistons connected to the inlet port of high pressurized oil. When the
direction of oil flow is reversed, rotational direction of cylinder is also reversed. Output torque is
given by the equation.
p×q F
T= , q=Z·A·PCD·tanθ, F1 = , F2=F tanθ , S=PCD×tanθ
2Л COSθ
Where p : Effective difference of pressure (kgf/cm2)
q : Displacement (cc/rev)
T : Output torque (kgf·cm)
Z : Piston number (9EA)
A : Piston area (cm2)
θ: Tilting angle of swash plate (degree)
S : Piston stroke (cm)

Low High
pressure oil pressure oil

F1 F1
F

16

7 9 10 3 R5572SF35

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2) MAKE UP VALVE
(1) Outline
The safety valve portion consists of a
check valve and safety valve.
(2) Function
When the swing is stopped, the output
circuit of the motor continues to rotate
because of inertia. For this reason, the
pressure at the output side of the motor
becomes abnormality high, and this will
damage the motor. To prevent this, the oil
causing the abnormal hydraulic pressure
Dr
is allowed to escape from the outlet port
(high-pressure side) of the motor to port
Mu, thereby preventing damage to the
motor. A Mu B
Compared with a counterbalance valve,
there is no closed-in pressure generated
at the outlet port side when slowing down
the swing speed. This means that there is
no vibration when slowing down, so the 555C92SF36

ease of swing control is improved.

(3) Operation
① When starting swing
When the swing control lever is operated
to left swing, the pressurized oil from the
pump passes through the control valves
and is supplied to port B. Because of
this, the pressure at port B rises, staring
torque is generated in the motor, and the
motor starts to rotate. The oil from the
outlet port of the motor passes from port
A through the control valve and returns to
the tank.

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② When stopping swing
· When the swing control lever is returned
to neutral, no pressurized oil is supplied
from the pump to port B.
The return circuit to the tank is closed by SH
the control valve. So the oil from the
outlet port of the motor increases in PG
pressure at port A. Resistance to the
rotation of the motor is created, and the
brake starts to act.
· The pressure at port A rises to the set
pressure of make up valve a, and in this
way, a high brake torque acts on the Dr
motor, and the motor stops. GA GB
· When make up valve a is being actuated,
the relief oil from make up valve a and A Mu B
the oil from port Mu pass through check
valve CB and are supplied to port B.
This prevents cavitation from forming at
R5572SF32
port B.

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3) RELIEF VALVE

2 1 Body
2 Plug
3
3 O-ring
4 Plunger
10 5 Piston
6 Spring
5 7 Spring seat
8 Seat
9 O-ring
9 10 Nut

8
555C92SF37

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting P P=pressure, T=time
on the relief valve is related to its rising PS
process. Here is given the function, 4
referring to the figure following page.
P1 3

T
1
29072SM05

2-36
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

210-7 2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

The mechanical swing parking brake system is installed to prevent the upper structure from
swinging downhill because of its own weight when the excavator is parked on a slope since it
completely eliminates the hydraulic drift of swing motion while the excavator is on a slop, work
can be done more easily and safely.

① Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate plate
(27) is constrained by the groove located
at casing (1). When housing is pressed
down by brake spring (30) through
friction plate (26), separate plate (27)
and brake piston (28), friction force 30
occurs there.
Cylinder (3) is constrained by this friction 28
force and brake acts, while brake 27
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
26
spring force.
3
1 R5572SF38

1 Casing 27 Separate plate

3 Cylinder 28 Brake piston
26 Friction plate 30 Brake spring

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② Operating principle
a. When the swing control lever (1) is set to the swing position, the pilot oil go to the swing control
valve (2) and to SH of the time delay valve (3) via the shuttle valve (4), this pressure move
spool (5) to the leftward against the force of the spring (8), so pilot pump charged oil (P4) goes
to the chamber G.
This pressure is applied to move the piston (28) to the upward against the force of the spring
(30). Thus, it releases the brake force.

3
30

5
28 G
SH

1 Swing control lever

2 Swing control valve (MCV)
3 Time delay valve
12
4 Shuttle valve
5 Spool P4
8 Spring
12 Gear pump
2 2
28 Brake piston
30 Brake spring 4
R5572SF39

2-38
b. When the swing control lever (1) is set the neutral position, the time delay valve (3) shifts the
neutral position and the pilot oil blocked chamber G.
Then, the piston (28) is moved lower by spring (30) force and the return oil from the chamber G
is drain.

3
30

28 G
SH

1 Swing control lever

2 Swing control valve (MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve
28 Brake piston
30 Brake spring P4

2 2
4
R5572SF40

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