Bicol University

INSTITUTE OF DESIGN AND

ARCHITECTURE
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Legazpi City
Master of Science in Architecture

ADVANCE ADVANCE PLANNING:

CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION
TO THE GROWING

PLANNING
MUNICIPALITY OF DARAGA

CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION TO THE GROUP 5

GROWING MUNICIPALITY OF DARAGA ABONITA, NEIL
BARCENAS, KIM PATRICK
NIDEA, HANNAH
OLIVAREZ, FRANCES
CYRENE
ONA, AERON JAY
OSILA, MARY GISELLE
GREEN RED YELLOW
 Bicol University
INSTITUTE OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Legazpi City
Master of Science in Architecture

ADVANCE PLANNING:
CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION TO THE GROWING MUNICIPALITY
OF DARAGA

OVERVIEW OF THE REPORT

PART 4- ADVANCE PLANNING
1. DIRECTION SETTING
2. OVERVIEW OF DARAGA’S LAND USE
3. DESIGN PROCESS
4. LAND CLASSIFICATION PLANNING
5. COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT CENTERS
6. RESIDENTIAL AREA
DIRECTION SETTING
DARAGA: A FUTURE CITY?
LAND USE PLANNING
LAND USE PLANNING

is the systematic
assessment of land and
water potential, alternatives
for land use and economic
and social conditions in
order to select and adopt
the best land-use options.
LAND USE PLANNING

Its purpose is to select and put into practice

those land uses that will best meet the needs of
the people while safeguarding resources
for the future. The driving force in planning
is the need for change, the need for improved
management or the need for a quite different
pattern of land use dictated by changing
circumstances.
LEGAL MANDATES &
ENABLING POLICY
ENVIRONMENT
LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICY
ENVIRONMENT

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION

• THE PRINCIPAL ENABLING LAW THAT PROVIDES
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT AND
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY’S
RESOURCES, LAND IN PARTICULAR.
REPUBLIC ACT 7160 (LOCAL GOVT CODE OF
1991)
• THIS ACT STATES THE MANDATES OF THE LOCAL
UNITS ON PLANNING, LEGISLATION,
IMPLEMENTATION, AND ALSO INCLUDES
BUDGETING AND MONITORING.
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO.72
• WITH THE LATER ACT IN IMPLEMENTATION,
THIS EXEC ORDER ORDERS THE LOCAL UNITS TO
HAVE THEIR PROPOSAL BE REVIEWED BY THE
SANGGUNIANG PANLALAWIGAN.
LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICY
ENVIRONMENT

REPUBLIC ACT 7279 (URBVAN DEVELOPMENT

&HOUSING ACT)
• TO FORMULATE LAND USE PLANNING
GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
EO 648 – REORGANIZING THE HUMAN
SETTLEMENTS REGULATORY COMISSION
• SECTION 5, ARTICLE II: “(A) TO PROMULGATE
ZONING AND OTHER LAND USE CONTROL
STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES WHICH SHALL
GOVERN LAND USE PLANS AND ZONING
ORDINANCES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS.”
CLIMATE CHANGE ACT OF 2009 (RA 9729)
• MANDATES THE MUNICIPAL AND CITY
GOVERNMENTS AS “ONE OF THEIR REGULAR
FUNCTIONS” AND SHALL MOBILIZE THE
NECESSARY RESOURCES AND PERSONNEL TO
IMPLEMENT THEIR LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE
ACTION PLANS.
LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICY
ENVIRONMENT

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

AND MANAGEMENT ACT (RA 10121)
• THE POLICY OF THE GOVERNMENT TO
MAINSTREAM DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN DEVELOPMENT
PROCESSES SUCH AS POLICY
FORMULATION, SOCIOECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, BUDGETING,
AND GOVERNANCE, PARTICULARLY IN THE
AREAS OF ENVIRONMENT, AGRICULTURE,
WATER, ENERGY, HEALTH, EDUCATION,
POVERTY REDUCTION, LAND USE AND
URBAN PLANNING, AND PUBLIC
INFRASTRUCTURE AND HOUSING, AMONG
OTHERS.
OTHER LAWS AND POLICIES

• RA 7586 (NIPAs Act) -Protected areas

• RA 8550 (Revised Fisheries Code) -
Municipal waters
• RA 8435 (Agricultural Fisheries
Modernization Act)- Agricultural lands
• RA 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act)- Solid waste
• RA 10066 (National Cultural Heritage Act
of 2009) - Cultural and heritage
conservation
• RA 9593 (National Tourism Act of 2009) –
Tourism development
LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICY
ENVIRONMENT

On the other hand, there are also several laws that

affect an LGU’s mandate in performing its land use
planning and management function. These include:
• RA 7942 (Mining Act)
• RA 8371 (Indigenous People’s Rights Act or
IPRA)
• PD 705 (Revised Forestry Code)
• CA 141 (Public Land Act)
• PD 1076 (Water Code of the Philippines)
• Other Planning Guidelines:
t DENR
t DILG
t NEDA
RELATIONSHIP WITH
NATIONAL PLANS AND
PROGRAMS
PHILIPPINE AGENDA 21

THE NATIONAL AGENDA FOR

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND
ENVISIONS A BETTER QUALITY OF
LIFE FOR ALL THRU
DEVELOPMENT. ITS FIVE GOAL
ELEMENTS ARE;
• POVERTY REDUCTION
• SOCIAL EQUITY
• EMPOWERMENT AND GOOD
GOVERNANCE
• PEACE AND SOLIDARITY
• ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY
NATIONAL FRAMEWORK
FOR PHYSICAL PLANNING
(2001-2030)
• FOOD SECURITY
• ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY AND
ECOLOGICAL STABILITY
• REGIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT
• SPATIAL INTEGRATION
• EQUITABLE ACCESS TO PHYSICAL AND
NATURAL RESOOURCES
• PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR
PARTNERSHIP
• PEOPLE EMPOWERMENT
• RECOGNITION OF THE RIGHTS OF
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
• MARKET ORIENTATION
NATIONAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
FOR CLIMATE CHANGE (2010-2022)
AND NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
ACTION PLAN (NCCAP)
• Under the NSFCC;
• Integrated Ecosystem-based
Management
• Local Climate Change Action Plan
• The Climate Change Act aims to
systematically integrate the concept of
climate change in the policy formulation
and development plans of all units of
government to prepare for the impact of
climate change.
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (MDG)
2000-2015
PRINCIPLES AND
APPROACHES
WATERSHED AS PLATFORM
FOR LAND USE PLANNING

• In the determination of specific land uses and

development controls, the analysis and
assessment of the watershed or its
sub-watershed area, either within the territorial
jurisdiction of an LGU and/or its adjacent LGUs,
shall start from the uplands to the lowland areas
down to the coastal areas, including municipal
waters, as defined under RA 8550 or the Revised
Fisheries Code.
• A prioritization of critical watershed areas,
including its impact and affected communities
and barangays, shall be ascertained based on the
use values—economic, social, ecological, cultural,
historical, institutional or infrastructural, at the
community and LGU levels
INCLUSIVE AND EXPANSIVE
GOVERNANCE
• ALL THREE
SECTORS,GOVERNMENT
(STATE), CIVIL SOCIETY, AND
THE PRIVATE SECTOR ARE
ACTIVELY INVOLVED IN THE
ENHANCED CLUP PROCESS.
GOOD LOCAL GOVERNANCE
ALLOWS FOR COLLABORATIVE
PARTNERSHIPS AMONG THE
LOCAL GOVERNMENT,
BUSINESS, AND CIVIL SOCIETY.
CO MANAGEMENT PRINIPLE
• STATED IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CODE SECTION 3(i) THAT “local
government units shall share with the
national government the responsibility
in the management and maintenance
of ecological balance within their
territorial jurisdiction.”
GENDER RESPONSIVENESS AND
SENSITIVITY
• THE UTILIZATION OF THE POPDEV
PLANNING APPROACH ENSURES OR
PROVIDES A MECHANISM FOR
INTEGRATING SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN
PLANNING.
INTEGRATION OF BARANGAY DEVT
PLANS (BOTTOM-UP APROACH)
• integration of Barangay Development
Plans into the city or municipal plan is
one methodology which the LGUs can
adopt in the formulation of the CLUP.

TOP-TO-BOTTOM APPROACH
• APPLIED TO WITH THE ABSENCE OF
BARANGAY AND MUNICIPAL PLANS
THUS APPLYING THIS APPROACH. THE
EXISTING PLAN OF THE PROVINCE OF
THE NATIONAL LEVEL WILL BE USED
AS BASIS IN CREATING THEIR OWN
LOCAL PLAN/ PROPOSAL.
PLANNING AREA AND
PERIOD
The primary planning area is defined
by the cities’/municipalities’ political
boundaries.
the physical coverage area of an
LGU’s CLUP shall be referenced
from the specific
watershed/sub-watershed basin
area within the municipality or city
and other adjacent localities
(trans-boundary). However, it shall
also consider other LGUs within the
boundaries of its
watershed/sub-watershed area.
 The CLUP covers a planning
period of nine years at the
minimum. It may be reviewed
every three years coinciding
with the term of the locally
elected officials.
VISION OF DARAGA

“ Daraga is a hub for investment in

industry, trade and tourism of the region,
with technology-based agriculture,
sustainable and competitive economy,
resilient and climate-adaptive
community, preserves cultural heritage,
provides quality infrastructure facilities,
efficient health and social services with
empowered and god-loving constituents
driven by dynamic and transparent
leadership on a progressive and
“
”
highly-diversified city.
 VISION
1. Investment
2. Technology-Based Agriculture
3. Economy
4. Adaptive Community
5. Heritage
6. Facilities
7. Health And Social Services
8. Progressive
9. Highly-Diversified
INSIGHTS ON:
HOW WILL DARAGA
START TO PLAN OUT
THEIR CLUP?
OVERVIEW OF LAND USE:
DARAGA, ALBAY
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

1. DEMOGRAPHY
2. ECONOMY
3. HOUSING
4. TRANSPORTATION
5. PUBLIC FACILITIES
6. ENVIRONMENTAL
CONDITION
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•DEMOGRAPHY
✔ Typically contains information about the
community’s population by age, gender
and racial characteristics, average
household size, total number of
households, birth and death rates,
migration rates and distribution on the
landscape.
✔ It will also contain population projections
for the next 10 to 20 years, based on
current demographic trends.
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•ECONOMY
✔ An inventory of the economic conditions of a
community and will reveal how people in the
community earn a living as well as the kinds
of businesses and industries the community
needs and could support.
✔ Information commonly found in this section
can include workforce (adults age 15 to 64)
characteristics such as education level and
occupations; unemployment rates, places of
employment, per capita income, community
tax rates and property tax base, community
debts and special assessments.
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•HOUSING
✔ Total number and condition of the
existing housing stock, home prices,
building permit data, vacancy rates and
owner-occupied housing versus
renter-occupied as a percentage of total
housing stock. It will assess future
housing needs based on demographic
projections.
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•TRANSPORTATION
✔ The volume and usage of existing roadways,
the existence and utilization of airports,
transit services, rail lines, and trails, and
project future volumes based on development
patterns. The transportation element should
also assess the current physical condition of
these systems.
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•PUBLIC FACILITIES
✔ Generally includes an analysis of water and
sanitary sewer facilities, police and fire
services, parks and recreation facilities; other
land, buildings and facilities owned by the
local government; social services and others
as deemed important to the planning effort.
Along with the transportation system, these
facilities comprise the essential service
provision network of the community.
 ELEMENTS OF A LAND USE

•ENVIRONMENTAL
CONDITION
✔ General description of the community’s major
environmental resources, such as soil types,
slopes, climate conditions, mineral resources,
water resources; and critical areas such as
wetlands, watersheds and special geologic
features. An inventory of the environmental
resources (green infrastructure or special and
unique areas) can help the community identify
areas that are suitable for development, other
areas where only limited development should
take place, and areas that should be protected
from development.
 LOCATION MAP

•1st Class Municipality

•11, 860 Hectares ( Total Land
Area )
•54 barangays (28 Urban and
26 Rural)
•₱ 292,744,671 (2020 IRA)
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
 DEMOGRAPHY

2020 Population – 133,893

Growth Rate – 1.3%
Working Age - 80, 942 (63.94%)
Dependent - 45,653 (36.06%)
School Going Age - 51,287 (40.51%)
DEMOGRAPHY

Growth Rate – 1.3%

2025 Projected
Population – 142,596
 SOCIAL SECTOR

HEALTH
✔ Health facilities concentrated in the
poblacion area
✔ Only 20 barangay health centers
✔ Pneumonia no. 1 cause of death in
2016-2019
✔ Unsanitary toilets- 7.02% of
households; No toilets- 6.23% of
households
 SOCIAL SECTOR

EDUCATION
✔ High student-teacher ratio in
senior high school (57:01)
✔ High student-classroom ratio in
junior (61:01) and senior high
school (83:01)
✔ The participation rate for senior
high school in SY 2017-2018 is only
52.37%
 SOCIAL SECTOR

PROTECTIVE
SERVICES
✔ Police-population ratio
(1:1,260) beyond the
minimum standard (1;1000)
✔ Crime solution rate in 2018 is
54.44%
 SOCIAL SECTOR
SOCIAL WELFARE
✔ The social welfare facilities in the
municipality include a Senior Citizen
Center, PDAO, CYC and a Day Care
Center in the 54 barangays.

SPORTS AND
RECREATION
✔ Most of the existing recreational
facilities in the municipality are
basketball courts of multi-purpose
covered courts (63.38%).
 AGRICULTURE

✔ Total area of agricultural land is 9,453

hectares
✔ 1,602.5 ha of agricultural lands are for rice
production (16.95%) while 340.6 ha are for
corn production (3.60%)
✔ There are 13 public irrigation systems in the
municipality while 27 are privately owned
✔ In 2019, existing livestock and poultry farms
had a total of 2,179 carabaos, 2,126 cattle,
4,375 hogs, 34,064 chicken, and 3,646 ducks
✔ Most of these farms are backyard farms
(96.28%)
 ECONOMIC SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
✔ Total area of agricultural land is 9,453
hectares
✔ 1,602.5 ha of agricultural lands are for rice
production (16.95%) while 340.6 ha are for
corn production (3.60%)
✔ There are 13 public irrigation systems in the
municipality while 27 are privately owned
✔ In 2019, existing livestock and poultry farms
had a total of 2,179 carabaos, 2,126 cattle,
4,375 hogs, 34,064 chicken, and 3,646 ducks
✔ Most of these farms are backyard farms
(96.28%)
 ECONOMIC SECTOR

INDUSTRY
✔ Most industrial establishments in the
municipality are Pollutive/Hazardous
(I-2 category)
✔ Revenue of industrial establishments in
2019 is Php 60,262,211.57.

COMMERCE AND TRADE

✔ In 2018, there were 1,515 commercial
establishments in the municipality with
2,795 employees
 ECONOMIC SECTOR

TOURISM
✔ 126,378 domestic and 43,915 foreign tourists
visited Cagsawa Ruins in 2019
✔ Tourism establishments in the municipality
include 11 restaurants, 13 lodging house/inn,
and 4 hotels
✔ Tourist attractions in the municipality include
Cagsawa Ruins Park and Resort, Our Lady of the
Gate Church, Budiao Ruins, Cagsawa National
Museum, Gabawan Lake, Balungis Cave, Cullat
Japanese-Made Cave, Nabasan Caves, Milaos
Cave, Bascaran Handicraft, and ATV
 ECONOMIC SECTOR

TRANSPORTATION
✔ Total road network is about 265.37km
✔ National roads - 41.56 km; provincial
roads 35.67 km; municipal roads -
38.49 km; and barangay roads -
149.62 km
✔ About 85.77% of roads are
concrete-paved, while the remaining
14.23 percent have asphalt, gravel, or
earth-fill pavement conditions.
 ECONOMIC SECTOR

POWER AND WATER

SUPPLY

✔ In 2018, 86.20% of households

are served with electricity
✔ In 2018, there were 9,634.00
domestic connections from the
local provider
LAND USE MAP OF DARAGA
LAND USE MAP OF DARAGA
LAND DEMAND
 QUESTION:
What will be the effects if we
didn’t cease on converting our
agricultural lands to give way
more on economic gain?
THE 12-STEP PROCESS TO COMPREHENSIVE
LAND USE PLANNING
 12-STEP
PROCESS
TO CLUP
-provides the general
procedures from which
the planning team can
proceed with the CLUP
and ZO preparation.

12-STEP PROCESS TO CLUP

Photo Source: CLUP Guidebook 2013 Vol. 1,
page 21
PRE-PLANNING
PHASE
 STEP 1: ORGANIZE
Assemble the personnel, resources, and support needed for the planning process

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Obtain the commitment, support, and
participation of the Local Executive,
Sangguniang Bayan (SB)/Panlungsod (SP)
members, Local Development Council
(LDC), City/Municipal Department Heads
and their staff, and the whole community.
• Assess the availability of resources in
terms of funds, personnel, logistic support
and available data and information for the
planning activities.
• Establish the’ guiding framework and
focus of the planning activities.
STEP 2: IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS
Recognize and engage participants who can play an active role
in the planning process

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Identify the key stakeholders and
assess their knowledge, interests and
concerns related to the CLUP
formulation, and how they might affect
or be affected by the plan.
• Understand the relations between
stakeholders and the real or potential
conflicts of interest and expectations
between and among stakeholders.
• Develop an action plan for involving
the stakeholders in the planning
process.
• Interact more effectively with key
stakeholders to get their support for the
plan preparation
, implementation and monitoring. •
Avoid potential misunderstandings
about and/or opposition to the plan
PLANNING
PHASE
 STEP 3: SET THE VISION
Define the future that you want. The vision shall serve as the driving force that will move the entire
city/municipality towards the achievement of a common development direction and also guide the
succeeding stages of the planning process

OBJECTIVE/S:

• Formulate a widely acceptable

vision statement for the
city/municipality.
• Achieve a common understanding
of the vision and directions of the
LGU with all key stakeholders based
on technically-sound, evidence-based
analysis.
• Foster ownership of the vision
statement.
 STEP 4: ANALYZE THE
SITUATION
Identify the issues, potentials and future development needs and spatial requirements of
the city/municipality. Assess the situation using both technical and participatory
methods.

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Identify/gather/update baseline data in order to assess
the existing socioeconomic and physical and environmental
characteristics of the LGU.
• Identify the needs, issues and concerns to be addressed by
the CLUP and the opportunities/potentials that can be
tapped to achieve the community vision.
• Identify Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices
(IKSP).
• Systematically review and assess the over-all
accomplishments of the existing CLUPs based on its planned
results and outcomes in the different development
areas/sectors of the LGU.
• Determine available land supply and demand for land use
allocation
 STEP 5: SET THE GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES
Formulate achievable goals and objectives, outcomes and output indicators that are responsive
to the issues, needs, and potentials of the municipality/city.

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Concretize the preferred state of the key
elements of development goals:
socio-economic;
environmental/ecological/biophysical;
physical characteristics; and human
conditions (e.g. quality of life)
• Identify key development outcome
indicators and the recommended
strategies and options to achieve the
development goals
STEP 6: ESTABLISH DEV’T. THRUST AND
SPATIAL STRATEGIES
Translate the vision and situation analysis into a desired physical form.

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Translate the vision into broad
physical and development
terms;
• Identify the physical and
spatial character based on
preferred land uses and
allocations that will represent
the vision;
• Identify the development
strategies and spatial options to
achieve the development goals.
 STEP 7: PREPARE THE LAND USE
PLAN
Translate the vision, goals and objectives, development thrust, and spatial strategies into a land use plan.

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Translate the vision, development
thrust, and spatial strategies into a
Land Use Plan that describes
physically and spatially what, where,
why, when, and how a LGU’s land and
water resources are allocated within
its territorial jurisdiction (upland,
lowland and coastal).
• Identify land and water resources of
the LGU that shall be under protection
and production use; infrastructure;
urban and other development uses
consistent with and complementary to
the CLUP’s vision, development goals,
and objectives.
 STEP 8: DRAFT THE ZONING
ORDINANCE
Translate the Land Use Plan into an integrated Zoning Ordinance (ZO) and complementary ordinances

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Define/delineate the zone boundaries in the map
• Formulate development controls and integrated zoning arrangements (for
upland, lowland, and coastal areas) that will govern both public and private lands
of the LGU
• Reflect the development controls and zoning in a zoning map that shall
accompany the CLUP. The zoning map shows the detailed zoning/ sub-zoning
arrangements that will govern the specific land use categories identified in the
CLUP
 QUESTION:
Secretary Eduardo del Rosario of DHSUD describes
the CLUP as “a necessity and no longer an option”,
yet as of November 2020, only 508 out of 1634
LGU’s in the PH have CLUPs that are updated and
mainstreamed with climate change and disaster
risk reduction measures, what do you think are the
issues that hinder them from having an updated
CLUP?
 PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION
AND MONITORING
PHASE
STEP 9: CONDUCT A PUBLIC HEARING

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Present the plan to the general
public and ensure an objective
and participatory review of the
draft CLUP/ZO
• Ensure stakeholder acceptability
of the CLUP/ZO
• Obtain common ownership of
the plan and gain support for plan
implementation
 STEP 10: REVIEW, ADOPT AND
APPROVE THE CLUP AND ZO
Conduct a comprehensive review, adoption and approval/ratification of the CLUP/ZO

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Review the plan in terms
of its consistency with
national, regional and other
relevant plans
• Legitimize the CLUP and ZO
for implementation
STEP 11: IMPLEMENT THE CLUP AND ZO
Set prerequisite measures to realistically implement the CLUP and ZO.

OBJECTIVE/S:
• Establish detailed operational plans for the
implementation of the CLUP and ZO
• Establish institutional mechanisms
responsive to the vision, goals and objectives
of the CLUP
• Present other modalities of implementing
the CLUP outside of the integrated Zoning
Ordinance (ZO)
• Present complementary instruments such as
revenue/fiscal incentives, planning and policy
instruments, permits/fees and licensing
structures of the LGUs in order to achieve the
desired results of the CLUP
• Establish/strengthen partnerships and
cooperation arrangement with stakeholders
 STEP 12: MONITOR AND
EVALUATE THE CLUP AND ZO
Assess how fully and effectively the plan is being carried out and implemented.

OBJECTIVE/S:

• Identify and
establish realistic and
effective monitoring,
review and evaluation
systems of the CLUP
and ZO
implementation
 INSIGHTS ON:
AMONG THESE STEPS,
WHICH DO YOU THINK
NEEDS AN EXTRA PUSH?
LAND CLASSIFICATION
PLANNING
INSIGHTS ON:
ANY REACTION ON
THE PICTURE?
Source:
ShereenGoogle
et. al Photos
(2020)

ANY REACTION?
 REALITIES
• Limited and finite land resources; majority under deplorable
and unsustainable use
• 30 million hectares (Total Philippine Land Area)
• 14.12 million hectares (alienable and disposable lands) of
which 65% are titled and privately owned (The Manila Times, Tiquia 2020)
• 15.88 million hectares – forest lands or protected areas (The
Manila Times, Tiquia 2020)

• Based on the Agriculture Indicators System (AIS) report on

output and productivity of the Philippine Statistics Authority
(PSA), the country’s harvested area of agricultural crops as of
2019 went down by 1.3 percentage points to 13.32 million
hectares.
• Out of all the countries in the world, the Philippines is seen to
suffer the largest decline in rice production this year, with
farmers seen to continue selling their land and totally abandon
farming amid the continuous influx of imported rice. (Manila Bulletin,
Miraflor 2020)
REALITIES
• Most vulnerable areas: (resource
depletion, disaster risk, climate
change, over-exploitation,
conversion)
• Forestlands/uplands and
coastal/foreshore areas (public
land)
• Prime agricultural/ productive
lands (A & D)
• Resource depletion in the next 10
years ( physical coverage and
multiplied human demands)
Land CANNOT be reproduced;
people CAN .
 THE STATE AS MANAGER OF LAND
RESOURCES

•GENERAL LAND
CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
-Old Land Classification System
- New Land Classification System
OLD LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
NEW LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
TYPES OF LAND
 FOREST LAND

• Land of the public domain which has been

classified as such and declared for forestry
purposes. Forestland includes production and
protection forests and are not supposed to be
titled.
 TIMBERLAND

• Portion of forestland leased by the State to

operators of commercial forestry production.
 MINERAL LAND
• Portion of forestland which DENR,
through the Mines and Geosciences
Bureau, has positively confirmed as
possessing rare mineral resources.
TRIBAL OR ANCESTRAL LAND

• Portion of forest land traditionally occupied by

indigenous cultural communities and
delineated using consultative processes and
cultural mapping. An “Indigenous Cultural
Community” is a group of people sharing
common bonds of language, customs,
traditions and other distinctive cultural traits,
and who have, since time immemorial,
occupied, possessed and utilized a specific
territory.
GRAZING LAND, PASTURELAND,
OR RANGELAND
• Portion of forest land, which has been set
aside for raising livestock because of
suitable topography and vegetation.
 ALIENABLE AND DISPOSABLE
LAND

• Land classified as not needed for forest purposes

and hence severed from the public domain and
available for disposition under Commonwealth
Act 141 as amended by the Public Lands Act,
which says that “No Land 18% or over in slope
shall be classified as A & D nor can be titled.”
 ARABLE LAND
• Land which is deemed theoretically suitable to
agriculture, fisheries and livestock based on
FAO standards including potentially cultivable
land whether there is actual cultivation or not.
 AGRICULTURAL LAND OR
CROPLAND
• Land actually devoted to agricultural activity whether
intensive regular cropping or temporary/ irregular cropping.
 MARGINAL LAND
• Land not readily useful for either forestry,
agriculture, or settlement such as river wash,
sandy strips, marshes, swamps, etc.
 INDUSTRIAL LAND
• Portion of relatively flat A&D land which is
devoted to manufacturing, processing of
primary products, construction, storage and
warehousing and distribution, involving at least
10 persons (it has to be above micro-scale).
 ZONING
– The division of a city/ municipality into
zones or sub-zones (e.g. commercial,
residential, industrial, institutional,
agricultural, forest etc.) according to
present and potential uses of land to
maximize, regulate and direct their use
and development in accordance with the
Comprehensive Land Use Plan.
(HLURB Guidelines for the Formulation/Revision of the Comprehensive Land Use
Plan, Volume 10)
 LAND
CLASS
(Daraga, Albay)
Total Land Area: 11, 860 ha
54 Barangays
(28 Urban; 26 Rural)
 QUARRYING
WETLANDS AND RIVERS AREAS
• Maroroy – Bagtang Creek
• Gabawan Lake
• Sumlang Lake • Records show that
in 2018 there are 24
• Daraga River quarrying
• Yawa river companies
operating the
• Colabos Creek municipality
• Quillarena River
• Gumacon Creek
• Gulang-Gulang Creek
MAJOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

1. Integrated Market, Commercial and11. Daraga Esplanade

Transport Complex
12. Sipi – Bañag Scenic Road
2. Government Center Expansion
13. Bagong Bayan – BU Road
3. Construction of AA Slaughterhouse
4. Establishment of Mixed Facility 14. Cagsawa Flood Mitigation
Complex 15. Budiao Ruins Development
5. Pasalubong Stop Shop
16. Daraga Trading Center
6. Public Park Redevelopment
17. Daraga PNR Grand Terminal
7. Cagsawa Redevelopment
18. Airport Public Transport Drop-off
8. DComC Completion and Expansion
19. Urban Drainage with Pump Station
9. People’s Park at Doña Maria
Subdivision 20. Urban Pedestrialization
10. Convention Center 21. Gabawan Lake Development
22. Calle Lotivio Heritage District
23. EcoZone
24. Cagsawa Township
25. Mayon Hinterland Farm Tourism
EFFECTIVE, ACCOUNTABLE,
RESPONSIVE AND EMPOWERED
LAND GOVERNANCE =
SUSTAINABLE LAND
MANAGEMENT
COMMERCIAL AND
EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
DARAGA, ALBAY
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
EMPLOYMENT CENTERS

These centers are community-based resource centers, linking job

seekers and employers. Each center serves the career and
employment needs of the general public and labor market
challenges facing our employers.

Source: Newfoundland Labrador Canada https://www.gov.nl.ca/ipgs/career/employment-centres/

COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS

EMPLOYMENT CENTERS
Workers produce valuable
goods and services.

Receive a wage which they can

spend on buying the goods
produced.
High employment means a greater
number of goods can be produced
as well.
Source: Bizfluent https://bizfluent.com/info-8296076-importance-employment-workplace-society.html
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
COMMERCIAL CENTERS

Commercial Centers (also called Downtowns, Central Business Districts, and Urban
Villages) contain a concentration of business, civic and cultural activities,
creating conditions that facilitate interaction and exchange. This
increases overall Accessibility.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
COMMERCIAL CENTERS

Many Filipinos flock to commercial centers on a regular basis, whether

it’s to buy essentials or unwind. – Ar. Vittoria Mawis-Aliston, 2020, When
Commercial Centers Build Communities

Read more: https://business.inquirer.net/312759/when-commercial-centers-build-communities#ixzz7DZALURn5

COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS

ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:

Density and Clustering.

COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:
Diversity.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
DARAGA - Section 12.10. Regulations in
General Commercial Zone
Building Regulations:
∙ Per the relevant provisions of the NBC and this Ordinance
∙ Per relevant provision of BP 344 (Accessibility Law) and PD 1096
(Green Building Code)
∙ Subject to national locational guidelines and standards of
concerned agencies.
∙ Minimum setback of six meters from the road right-of-way
∙ Arcaded sidewalk may be allowed provided that the facility will
allocate parking space within the property and should not strictly
use the roadway
∙ Sidewalks should strictly be for pedestrian use only
∙ No encroachment from commercial establishments
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
DARAGA - Section 12. 11. Regulations in
Commercial-1 (C-1) Zone

Building Regulations:
∙ (The same as Gen. Commercial zone)
∙ The number of allowable story’s/floors
above established grade is three (3) as
provided in the NBC
∙ The Building Height Limit is 10.00 meters
above highest grade as provided in the
NBC.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS

DARAGA - Section 12.12. Regulation in

Commercial-2 (C-2) Zone

Building Regulations:
∙ (The same as Gen. Commercial zone)
∙ The number of allowable story’s/floors above
established grade is three (6) as provided in
the NBC
∙ The Building Height Limit is 18.00 meters
above highest grade as provided in the NBC.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:
Walkability.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:
Transportation Diversity.
 Source:
www.ginkgoplanning.com

COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT

COMMERCIAL
CENTERSand EMPLOYMENT CENTERS
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:
Parking Management.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS:
Transit Oriented
Development.
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS

Strong Commercial Centers are an

important component of smart
growth and new urbanism.

People who work, shop and live in a

Commercial Center can satisfy many
of their daily needs without using
an automobile.
Source: TDM Encyclopedia https://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm117.htm
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS
PASIG CITY
COMMERCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT
CENTERS

Downtown Development Evaluation (David

Jacobs, 2008):

Cities are for living in. Invest in culture.

Understand who cities are for. Conservation.

Mixed-use environments. Mobility.

Think compactly. Creative use of history.

Source: Business Report

http://www.businessreport.com/news/2008/jul/28/eight-enough-edvl1
 QUESTION?
IN YOUR PERSPECTIVE, WHAT
CAN BE ADDED OR ALSO BE
CONSIDER AS AN ATTRIBUTE OF
VIBRANT COMMERCIAL
CENTERS?
ADVANCE PLANNING:
CONFRONTING THE COMPLEXITY OF URBAN HOUSING AND RESIDENTS
IN A MACRO SCALE:
CONFRONTING THE COMPLEXITY OF URBAN HOUSING AND RESIDENTS

In just 21 years, there were

additional 55 million new
slum dwellers globally.

In 2030, 40% percent of

the global population will be
in need of adequate housing.
 • In 30 years, global
urban population is
estimated to reach
6 billion people.
• Ninety five percent
(95%) of the
growth will be in
cities of developing
nations.
Doug Sanders- referring to Urban
Migration

150,000 people migrate to cities per day

RESIDENTIAL CLASSIFICATION AS PER LAND
USE PLAN

✔Residential-1 (R-1) Zone

Low density residential use
✔Residential-2 (R-2) Zone
Medium density residential use
✔Residential-3 (R-3) Zone
medium to high density residential
 SOCIAL SECTOR

Housing Backlog– 323 units

(as per PSA 2015)
Informal Settlers- 580
Families (MSWDO Survey
2018)
 DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRAINT

✔ CONGESTION
✔ INFORMAL
SETTLERS
✔ URBAN SPRAWL
✔ URBAN EXPANSION
DARAGA’S DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE PLAN
MAIN TAKE-AWAY?

• Concentrates development in
existing or new centers.
• Re-directs development away from the
urban core
• Identified growth areas have their own
specialization
• Node support the major center as its
captive market while providing
neighboring facilities and services
 INSIGHTS ON:
ROLE OF RESIDENTS IN A
GROWING CITY
MAIN TAKE-AWAY?
FOR A GROWING CITY/MINICIPALITY AND ITS RELATION TO LAND USE PLANNING

✔Stronger coordination of sectoral

agencies and administrations.
✔Legal provisions that barangay
development aspirations are
sufficiently reflected in municipal
planning.
✔Plan development and
implementation to be based on
objective criteria and aligned with
peoples’ needs.
 MAIN TAKE-AWAY?
FOR A GROWING CITY/MINICIPALITY AND ITS RELATION TO LAND USE PLANNING

✔Public accountability.
✔Further training in municipal
planning.
✔A safe, consistent and
comprehensive system of
land use rights.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION!
References:
Newfoundland Labrador Canada
https://www.gov.nl.ca/ipgs/career/employment-centres/
Bizfluent
https://bizfluent.com/info-8296076-importance-employment-workplace-society.html
When Commercial Centers Build Communities
https://business.inquirer.net/312759/when-commercial-centers-build-communities#ixzz7DZALURn5
Business Report
http://www.businessreport.com/news/2008/jul/28/eight-enough-edvl1 https://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm117.htm
TDM Encyclopedia
About TDM:
Transportation Demand Management (TDM, also called Mobility Management) is a general term for strategies that result in more efficient use of transportation resources.
This Encyclopedia is a comprehensive source of information about innovative management solutions to transportation problems.
Ginkgo Planning
www.ginkgoplanning.com
Carbonite
https://www.carbonite.com/blog/article/2018/12/should-you-invest-in-culture-yesheres-why
Picket Ray & Silver
https://prs3.com/6-advantages-of-mixed-use-developments/
World Bank
https://blogs.worldbank.org/sustainablecities/cities-people
Nord Anglia Education
https://www.nordangliaeducation.com/news/2020/04/29/why-is-it-important-to-study-history