Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

This document is copyrighted with all rights reserved. Under the copyright
laws, this document may not be copied in whole or in part or reproduced in
any other media without the express written permission of Coherent, Inc.
Permitted copies must carry the same proprietary and copyright notices as
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includes translation into another language.
Coherent, the Coherent Logo, Verdi, Vitesse, and FAP-I are registered
trademari<s of Coherent, Inc.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the data given in this document
is accurate. The information, figures, tables, specifications and schematics
contained herein are subject to change without notice. Coherent makes no
wananty or representation, either expressed or implied with respect to this
document. In no event w\\\ Coherent be liable for any direct, indirect,
special, incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defects in
its documentation.
This product is sold by Coherent pursuant to a limited sublicense under
U.S. Patent No. Re 34,729. The rights which customers of Coherent
receive through purchase of this product are restricted, and exclude any
right to use the product in the telecommunications field.
Technical Support
In the US:
Should you experience any difficulties with your laser or need any
technical information, please visit our web site www.coherentinc.com.
Additional support can be obtained by contacting our Technical Support
Hotline at 800-367-7890 (408-764-4557 outside the U.S.) or E-mail
([email protected]). Telephone coverage is available
Monday through Friday (except U.S. holidays and company shutdowns).

If you call outside our office hours, your call vinll be taken by our answering
system and will be retumed when the office reopens.
If there are technical difficulties with your laser that cannot be resolved by
support mechanisms outlined above, please E-mail or telephone Coherent
Technical Support with a description of the problem and the corrective
steps attempted. When communicating vinth our Technical Support
Department, via the web or telephone, the model and Laser Head serial
number of your laser system will be required by the Support Engineer
responding to your request.
Outside the U.S.:
If you are located outside the U.S. visit our web site for technical
assistance or contact, by phone, our local Service Representative.
Representative phone numbers and addresses can t>e found on the
Coherent web site, www.coherentinc.com.
Coherent provides telephone and web technical assistance as a service to
its customers and assumes no liability thereby for any injury or damage
that may occur contemporaneous with such services. These support
services do not affect, under any circumstances, the tenms of any warranty
agreement between Coherent and the buyer. Operation of any Coherent
laser with any of its interiocks defeated is always at the operator's own risk.
 Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface viii
U.S. Export Control Laws Compliance viii
Symbols Used in This Manual and on the Laser System ix

Section One: Laser Safety i-i

Optical Safety 1-1
Safety Features and Compliance to Govemment Requirements 1-2
Laser Classification 1-2
Protective Housing 1-3
Laser Radiation Emission Indicators 1-3
Beam Attenuator 1-3
Operating Controls 1-3
Location of Safety Labels 1-3
Electromagnetic Compatibility 1-4

Section Two: Description and Specifications 2-1

System Description 2-1
Vitesse Laser Head 2-1
Verdi Laser Head 2-2
PowerTrack 2-3
VPUF Laser Head 2-3
Power Supply 2-3
Servo Loops 2-3
Laser Diode Assembly 2-4
Specifications 2-4

Section Three: Operation 3-i

Operation 3-1
Tum-on 3-1
Tum-on (Cold Start) 3-1
Daily Tum-on (Warm Start) 3-3
Tum-off. 3-3
Tum-off (Daily Use) 3-3
Tum-off (Complete Shut-down) 3-4
Controls, Indicators, and Features 3-6
Menu Displays 3-10
Fault Handling 3-16

Section Four: External Computer Control 4-i

How to Interface to The Vitesse 4-1
RS-232 Command Language 4-1
Instmction Syntax for RS-232 Communication 4-1
ECHO Mode 4-2

111
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

PROMPT Mode 4-2

? 4-2
= or: 4-3
RS-232 Interface Connection 4-3
RS-232 Port Configuration 4-3
Setting The Baud Rate 4-3
Instmction Set 4-4

Section Five: Maintenance and Service 5-i

Troubleshooting 5-1
FAP-I Replacement 5-23
Preliminary Steps and Data 5-23
FAP-I Handling Precautions 5-23
Fiber Cable Handling Precautions 5-25
FAP-I Removal 5-26
FAP-I Installation 5-28
Cleaning the Optical Transport Fiber End Face 5-29
LBO Temperature Optimization 5-30
Fuse Replacement 5-31
Battery Replacement 5-32
Cleaning the Air Filter 5-32

Section Six: Installation 6-i

Receiving and Inspection 6-1
Extemal Interlock 6-1
Installation 6-2
Cooling Water - Laser Head 6-3

Section Seven: Principles of Operation 7-i

Vitesse Laser Head 7-1
Verdi Laser Head 7-1
Verdi Gain Medium 7-2
Verdi Thermal Focusing Characteristics 7-3
Verdi Second Harmonic Generator 7-4
Verdi - 90° Phase Matching 7-4
LBO Temperature 7-5
PowerTrack 7-6
VPUF Laser Head 7-6
Kerr Lens Modelocking 7-6
The Starting Mechanism 7-9
Group Velocity Dispersion 7-9
Self Phase Modulation 7-10
Dispersion Compensation 7-11
Negative Dispersion Mirrors 7-11
Power Supply 7-13
Laser Diode Assembly 7-13
Diode/Heat Sink Temperature 7-14

IV
 Table of Contents

Packing Procedure A-i

Parts List B-I
Warranty c-i
Responsibilities ofthe Buyer C-1
Limitations of Warranty C-1

Glossary Glossary-l

Index Index-l
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

1-1. Safety Features and Labels 1-5

2-1. Vitesse Laser System 2-1

2-2. Vitesse Laser Head 2-2
2-3. Pump (Verdi) Laser Head Optical Schematic 2-2
2-4. VPUF Laser Head Optical Schematic 2-3

3-1. Laser Head Features 3-6

3-2. Power Supply Controls and Indicators 3-8
3-3. Menus 3-10

4-1. RS-232 Pin Configuration 4-4

5-1. Location of FAP-I Assemblies 5-24

5-2. Fiber Optic Cap and FAP-I Anode/Cathode Shorting Clip 5-25
5-3. FAP-I Fiber Optic Connector 5-26
5-4. FAP-I Assembly Interface 5-27
5-5. Preparation ofthe Replacement FAP-I Assembly 5-29
5-6. Cleaning the Optical Transport Fiber End Face 5-30

6-1. Extemal Interlock 6-2

6-2. Dimensions 6-4

7-1. Vitesse Laser Head Schematic 7-1

7-2. Verdi Laser Head Optical Schematic 7-3
7-3. Index of Refraction Surfaces (Verdi) 7-4
7-4. 90° Phase Matching (Verdi) 7-5
7-5. VPUF Laser Head Schematic 7-7
7-6. Kerr Lens Modelocking 7-8
7-7. Group Velocity Dispersion 7-10
7-8. GVD Compensation 7-12

A-1. Packed Vitesse Shipping Crate A-2

A-2. Packed Vitesse Crate with Anti-Static folded over A-2
A-3. Location of Packed Vitesse Maintenance Kit A-3

VI
 Table of Contents

LiST OF TABLES
2-1. Vitesse Specifications 2-5

3-1. Pump Laser Operating States 3-2

3-2. Laser Head Features 3-7
3-3. Power Supply Controls and Indicators 3-9
3-4. Submenus 3-12

4-1. Response from Laser afler Receiving Instmction 4-2

4-2. RS-232 Port Description 4-3
4-3. RS-232 Commands 4-5
4-4. RS-232 Queries 4-6

5-1. Troubleshooting/Fault Messages 5-1

6-1. Utility Requirements 6-3

6-2. Envirormiental Requirements 6-3
6-3. Dimensions and Weights 6-4

A-1. Vitesse Shipping Crate Contents A-1

Vll
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

LIST OF CHARTS

1. Pump Laser Does Not Start (No Light Output) 5-4

2. Pump Laser Shuts Down (No Light Output) 5-6
3. Laser Output Unstable 5-8
4. AC ON hidicator Does Not Light 5-10
5. Head Interlock Fault 5-12
6. Extemal Interlock Fault 5-13
7. Power Supply Cover Interlock Fauh 5-14
8. LBO Temperature Fault 5-15
8. Vanadate Temperature Fault 5-15
8. Etalon Temperature Fault 5-15
8. Diode Temperature Fault 5-15
8. Ti-S^ph Temp. Fault 5-15
9. Baseplate Temperature Fault 5-16
10. Diode Heat Sink Temperature Fault (power supply) 5-17
11. Over Current Fauh 5-18
11. Diode Over Current Fault (pump laser) 5-18
12. Below Q-Switch Fault 5-20
12. CPU PROM Checksum Fauh 5-20
12. CPU PROM Range Fauh 5-20
12. Diode Under Voltage Fauh 5-20
12. Diode Over Voltage Fault 5-20
12. Diode EEPROM Fauh 5-20
12. Diode PROM Range Fault 5-20
12. Diode PROM Checksum Fauh 5-20
12. Exceeded CW Power Fault 5-20
12. Head PROM Checksum Fault 5-20
12. Head PROM Range Fauh 5-20
12. Laser Head EEPROM Fault 5-20
12. LBO Not Locked at Set Temperature 5-20
12. Lost Modelock Fault 5-20
12. Lost Power Track Fault 5-20
12. Lost UF Lasing Fault 5-20
12. Power Supply EEPROM Fault 5-20
12. Power Supply-Head Mismatch Fauh 5-20
12. Shutter State Mismatch 5-20
13. LBO Battery Fauh 5-21
14. PZT Fauh 5-22

vni
 Preface

Preface This manual contains user information for the Vitesse^^

Diode-Pumped, Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Laser.

Read this manual carefully before operating the laser for the
first time. Special attention should be given to the material in
Section One, Laser Safety, that describes the safety features
built into the laser.

Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures

other than those specified in this manual may result in
hazardous radiation exposure.

Use of the system in a manner other than that described herein

may impair the protection provided by the system.

U.S. Export It is the policy of Coherent to comply strictly with U.S. export
control laws.
Confro/ Laws
Corr)pliar)ce Export and re-export of lasers manufactured by Coherent are subject
to U.S. Export Administration Regulations, which are administered
by the Commerce Department. In addition, shipments of certain
components are regulated by the State Department under the Inter-
national Traffic in Arms Regulations.
The applicable restrictions vary depending on the specific product
involved and its destination. In some cases, U.S. law requires that
U.S. Govemment approval be obtained prior to resale, export or
re-export of certain articles. When there is uncertainty about the
obligations imposed by U.S. law, clarification should be obtained
from Coherent or an appropriate U.S. Govemment agency.

IX
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Symbols Used in
This Mar^uai and
on fhe Laser
System

This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the danger of

exposure to hazardous visible laser radiation.

This symbol is intended to emphasize the presence of important

operating instructions.

A This symbol is intended to alert the operator to the presence of

dangerous voltage within the product's enclosure that may be of
sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock and to
indicate possible risk of equipment damage.
 Laser Safety

SECTION ONE: LASER SAFETY

Optical Safety Laser light, because of its special properties, poses safety hazards
not associated with lightfromconventional sources. The safe use of
lasers requires that all laser users, and everyone near the laser
system, are aware ofthe dangers involved. The safe use ofthe laser
depends upon the user being familiar with the instrument and the
properties of coherent, intense beams of light.

Direct eye contact with the output beam from the laser will cause
serious damage and possible blindness.

The greatest concem when using a laser is eye safety. In addition to

the mam beam, there are often many smaller beams present at
various angles near the laser system. These beams are formed by
specular reflections of the main beam at polished surfaces such as
lenses or beamsplitters. While weaker than the main beam, such
beams may still be sufficiently intense to cause eye damage.
Laser beams are powerful enough to bum skin, clothing or paint.
They can ignite volatile substances such as alcohol, gasoline, ether
and other solvents, and can damage light-sensitive elements in video
cameras, photomultipliers and photodiodes. The laser beam can
ignite substances in its path, even at some distance. The beam may
also cause damage if contacted indirectly from reflective surfaces.
For these reasons, and others, the user is advised to follow the
precautions below.

1. Observe all safety precautions in the preinstallation and oper-

ator's manual.
2. Extreme caution should be exercised when using solvents in
the area ofthe laser.
3. Lunit access to the laser to qualified users who are familiar
with laser safety practices and who are aware of the dangers
involved.
4. Never look directly into the laser light source or at scattered
laser light from any reflective surface. Never sight down the
beam into the source.
5. Maintain experimental setups at low heights to prevent inad-
vertent beam-eye encounter at eye level.

1-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

6. As a precaution against accidental exposure to the output beam

or its reflection, those using the system should wear laser
safety glasses as required by the wavelength being generated.
7. Avoid direct exposure to the laser light. The intensity of the
beam can easily cause flesh bums or ignite clothing.
8. Use the laser in an enclosed room. Laser light will remain
collimated over long distances and therefore presents a poten-
tial hazard if not confined.
9. Post warning signs m the area ofthe laser beam to alert those
present.
10. Advise all those using the laser ofthese precautions. It is good
practice to operate the laser in a room with controlled and
restricted access.

Laser safety glasses can present a hazard as well as a benefit;

while they protect the eye from potentially damaging exposure,
they block light at the laser wavelengths, which prevents the
operator fi'om seeing the beam. Therefore, use extreme caution
even when using safety glasses.

Safety Features The following features are incorporated into the instrument to
and Compliance conform to several govemment requirements. The aplicable United
States Govemment requirements are contained in 21 CFR,
to Government subchapter J, part II administered by the Center for Devices and
Requirements Radiological Health (CDRH). The European Community require-
ments for product safety are specified in the Low Voltage Directive
(LVD) (published m 73/23/EEC and amended in 93/68/EEC). The
Low Voltage Directive requires that lasers comply with the standard
EN 61010-1 "Safety Requirements For Electrical Equipment For
Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use" and EN 60825-1 "Radi-
ation Safety of Laser Products". Compliance of this laser with the
(LVD) requirements is certified by the CE mark.

Laser The govemmental standards and requirements specify that the laser
Classification must be classified according to the output power or energy and the
laser wavelength. The Wesse is classified as Class IV based on 21
CFR, subchapter J, part II, section 1040-10 (d). According to the
European Community standards, Vitesse lasers are classified as
Class 4 based on EN 60825-1, clause 9. In this manual, the classifi-
cation will be referred to as Class 4.

1-2
 Laser Safety

Protective Housing The laser head is enclosed in a protective housing that prevents
human access to radiation in excess ofthe limits of Class I radiation
as specified in the Federal Register, July 31, 1975, Part II, Section
1040.10 (f) (1) and Table 1-A/EN 60825-1, clause 4.2 except for the
output beam, which is Class FV.

Laser Radiation The appropriately labeled lights on both the power supply and the
Emission laser head illuminate approximately 30 seconds before laser emis-
sion can occur. Amber lights are used so that they will be seen when
indicators the proper type of safety glasses are used [CFR 1040.10(f)(5)/EN
60825-1, clause 4.6].

Beam Attenuator A beam attenuator, or shutter, prevents contact with laser radiation
witiiout tiie need to switch off tiie laser [CFR 1040.10 (f)(6)/EN
60825-1, clause 4.7].

Operating The laser controls are positioned so that the operator is not exposed
Controls to laser emission while manipulating the controls [CFR
1040.10(f)(7)/EN 60825-1, clause 4.8].

Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures

other than those specified in the manual may result in hazardous
radiation exposure.

Use of the system in a manner other than that described herein

may impair the protection provided by the system.

Location of Refer to Figure 1-1 for a description and location of all safety labels.
Safety Labels These include warning labels indicating removable or displaceable
protective housings, apertures through which laser radiation is
emitted and labels of certification and identification [CFR
1040.10(g), CFR 1040.2, and CFR 1010.3/ EN 60825-1, Clause 5]].

1-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Electromagnetic The European requirements for Elecfromagnetic CompUance

Compatibility (EMC) are specified in the EMC Directive (published in
89/336/EEC).
Conformance (EMC) is achieved through compliance with the
harmonized standards EN55011 (1991) for emission and
ENC50082-1 (1992) for immunity.
The laser meets the emission requirements for Class B, group 1 as
specified m EN55011 (1991).
Compliance ofthis laser with the (EMC) requirements is certified by
the CE marie.

1-4
 Laser Safety

V
LASER HEAD - FRONT VIEW LASER HEAD - REAR VIEW

BOTH SIDES

LASER HEAD - SIDE VIEW

POWER SUPPLY

Figure 1-L Safety Features and Labels (Sheet 1 of 3)

1-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

AVOID EXPOSURE
VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION
IS EMITTED FROM THIS APERTURE

CAUTION
MVI8nLEANDV«BLE
USERRAOWnON
WHEN OPEN. AVOa>
EVEOnSKM
EXPOSURE TO DmecT
0R8CATIERED
RADIATION.

3.

NVI6IBI.E ANO VISOLE LASER

RAOtATION. AVOD EYE OR
SKM EXPOSURE TO DIRECT
OR SCATTERED RADIATION.
CLASS 4 LASER PRODUCT
PER Bie082S-1(WS4)

VITESSE LASER:
600-tlOOini
2W MAX CW POWER
ZSnJ MAX PS)-<100luo PULSE

4.

Figure 1-1. Safety Features and Labels (Sheet 2 of 3)

1-6
 Laser Safety

100-240V -
50/60 HZ IDA
1.4 KVA MAX.

— - T IDA. 250V ~

5.

CAUTION
WynStSLE AND VntBLE LASER RAOIMION
Vn«N OPEN ANO anERLOCK OSEXTEO.
AVOID EVE OR SMN EXPOSURE TD
DWECT OR SCATTglED RADIATION.

7.

8.

Figure 1-1. Safety Features and Labels (Sheet 3 of 3)

1-7
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

1-8
 Description and Specifications

SECTION IWo: DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS

System The Vitesse laser is a compact Verdi-pumped ultrafast laser that

produces modelocked, sub-100 femtosecond pulses at an 80 MHz
Description repetition rate with an output power greater than 200 mW average
power at 800 nm.
The Vitesse laser (Figure 2-1) consists ofthe laser head and power
supply connected by an umbilical. The umbilical containsfiberoptic
cables tofransmittightfromthe diode bar in the power supply to the
laser head and also houses electrical cables that provide confrol and
monitoring signals between the laser head and power supply.

Vitesse Laser Head The Vitesse laser head includes (1) a sealed optical cavity
(Figure 2-2) with a 2 or 5 Watt, 532 nm Verdi laser head as the pump
laser, (2) a PowerTrack mirror, and (3) the Verdi Pumped Ultra-Fast
[VPUF] laser head. The laser head also contains beam steering
mirrors allowing exact exit beam positioning that is achieved with
each \^tesse Laser System.

POWER
SUPPLY

LASER
P^f!^S-:>@#J HEAD
•' ' ••• • - '•(„ •. •,• J - :• .-,v-r

Figure 2-1. Vitesse Laser System

2- 1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

VTTESSE LASER HEAD

FIBER CABLE

VERDI LASER HEAD

OUTPUT

POWERTRACK
MIRROR VPUF LASER HEAD

Figure 2-2. Vitesse Laser Head

Verdi Laser Head The major Verdi optical elements, Figure 2-3, in the sealed pump
laser head include Nd-doped Yttrium Vanadate as the gam medium,
LBO (Lithium Triborate, LiB305) as the doubling crystal, an etalon
as the single-frequency optic, an optical diode, astigmatic compen-
sator, two pump mirrors, and two end mirrors. All optical compo-
nents are mounted on Invar for strength and stability.

Nd:YV0.

Green
Output

Figure 2-3. Pump (Verdi) Laser Head Optical Schematic

2-2
 Description and Specifications

PowerTracic The PowerTrack function uses a Piezo driven mirror to actively

maintain optimum pump beam alignment mto the VPUF cavity
serving to minimizefluctuationsin the Ultrafast output power.

VPUF Laser Head The VPUF (Figure 2-4) is an ultrafast laser that uses TiiSapphire as
the gain medium. The proprietary Negative Dispersion Mirrors
(NDM) provide the total negative dispersion compensation that is
required to produce sub-100 femptosecond pulses. Modelocking is
obtained using the Kerr-Lens Modelocking (KLM) technique with
an automatic starter triggering the initiation of modelocking. The
laser cavity is built on an invar plate for both mechanical strength
and stability and is sealed to reduce environmental contamination.

Slit Starter
NDM

Pump

Output
NDM

Figure 2-4. VPUF Laser Head Optical Schematic

Power Supply The main functions ofthe power supply are to supply dc power for
the laser diode system that pxmips the gain medium in the Verdi laser
head, control six servo loops, provide cooling for the laser diode
assemblies, control and monitoring, data storage, and a user inter-
face.

Servo Loops The CPU confrolled servo loops are briefly described below. Addi-
tional information is located in Section Seven, Principles of Opera-
tion.

2-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Vitesse light loop - A photodiode in the VPUF head monitors

the laser output via the CPU. The CPU confrols the output
power from the Vitesse based on this photodiode and in
conjimction with the requested powerfix>mthe power supply
front panel.
Verdi light loop - The Verdi light loop functions in a similar
manner with the photodiode location m the Verdi head
LBO temperature - The LBO doubling crystal is held near
150°C by a resistive heater. To prevent rapid change of temper-
ature that may cause LBO crystal damage during warm-up, the
CPU regulates a slow ramp-up to operating temperature. This
typically lasts between 30 to 45 minutes. In case of loss of AC
power due to a power failure or inadvertantiy tuming off the
rear panel power switch, the laser is eqmpped with a battery
powered, microprocessor confrolled, cool down feature. This
feature gradually lowers the LBO temperature to room temper-
ature.
Diode heat smk temperature - Diode heat sink temperature is
held constant by TECs. Excess heat is dissipated by forced air
cooling through heat sinks. The diode heat sinks are located
within the power supply.
Vanadate and etalon temperature - These optical components
are maintamed at a preset level by TECs.
PowerTrack - Refer to the paragr^h titied, PowerTrack.

Laser Diode Assembly Depending on the particular model of Vitesse Laser, one or two laser
diode assemblies (FAP-F"^) are located in the power supply. Each
assembly is confrolled and monitored by the CPU. The assembly
contains a FAP-B""^ (fiber array package) which houses a diode bar
and a TEC.

Specifications Specifications for the Wesse laser are listed in Table 2-1.
The temperature ofthe Vanadate and etalon are confrolled by TECs
(thermo-electric coolers) which are capable of heating or cooling the
optical element. The temperature ofthe LBO is confrolled by a resis-
tive heater. Accumulated heat in the laser head is dissipated by a
water-cooled baseplate. Baseplate temperature is monitored by a
CPU in the power supply which will shut the system down if the
laser head temperature becomes too high.

2-4
 Description and Specifications

Table 2-1. Vitesse Specifications

PARAMETER SPECIFICATIGN

Vl I ESSE 2 W VITESSE 5 W

Average Power >250 mW >650 mW

BandwidtfafJ >10 nm >10nm

Pulsewidthf2] <100 fs <100 fs

Repetion Rate 80±lMHz 80±lMHz

Wavelength 800±1 nm 800±1 nm

Power Stabilityt^l ±1% ±1%

Noise!'*! <0.1%rms <0.1%rms

Beam Diameterl'^ (x) 1.25±0.25 mm 1.45±0.25mm

Beam Diameterf^^ (y) 1.00±0.25mm 1.20±0.25mm

Beam Divergences^! (x) 0.85±0.25 mrad 0.75±0.20 mrad

Beam Divergence'^' (y) 0.95±0.25 mrad 0.90±0.25 mrad

M2 <1.1 <1.1

Polarization >200:1, horizontal >200:1, horizontal

All specifications are subject to change without notice.
[1] Full width at half maximum. [3] Measured over 2 hours after 15 [5] l/e~ at exit port.
[2] Based on sech^ deconvolution of minute warm-up. [6] Full-angle (l/e^).
0.65 times autocorrelation width. [4] Measured ftom 10 Hz to 10 MHz

2-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

2-6
 Operation

SECTION THREE: OPERATION

Operation

Wear laser safety glasses to protect against the radiation gener-

ated from the laser. It is assumed that the operator has read
Section One, Safety, and is familiar with laser safety practices
and the dangers involved. Ensure all personnel in the area are
wearing laser safety glasses.

The Mtesse is designed to be operated with the head cover in

place. Do not open the Vitesse laser head. There are no user
serviceable components or adjustments inside. Warranty will be
voided if the enclosure is disassembled.

Turn-on

Tum-on (Coid Start) The cold start procedure should be used when the Vitesse power
supply rear panel power switch has been Off for more than
30 minutes (pump laser in the OFF state as described in Table 3-1).
In this condition, all servos are off and the pump laser has to stabilize
the servos which can take up to 30 minutes. During this time, the
laser diodes cannot be tumed on. For additional information on the
LBO heater ramp-up and stabilization, refer to the paragraph titled.
Thermal Management, located in Section Seven, Principles of Oper-
ation.
Cold start can also be accomplished when the laser is being exter-
nally controlled using a computer. Refer to Tables 4-3 and 4-4 for a
list of RS-232 commands and queries.

Ensure the keyswitch is in the STANDBY position prior to

performing the following step. I\iming the key switch on will
result in a fault display until the pump laser LBO reaches the
proper temperature.

3-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 3-1. Pump Laser Operating States

STATE SWITCH POSITION STATUS

OFF • Power Switch (rear panel): OFF. All functions off (except LBO CPU
• All other switches: Any position. until cool-down is complete).

STANDBY • Power Switch (rear panel): ON. T Aser diodes off.

• Key switch: STANDBY Vanadate temperature servo on.
LBO temperature servo on.
Etalon temperature servo on.

ON • Power Switch (rear panel): ON. Laser diodes on.

• Key switch: ON. Vanadate temperature servo on.
LBO temperature servo on.
Etalon temperature servo on.

1. Set the Power Switch on the power supply rear panel to On.
The AC power and LASER EMISSION mdicators will light.
If an indicator does not light, refer to Section Five, Mamte-
nance and Service.
2. The power supply display (in the Verdi Status - Servo Status
submenu) will indicate that the pump laser servo's are seeking.
Refer to Figure 3-3 for thefrontpanel displays and menus.
3. Allow 30 minutes for the pump laser heaters and TE coolers to
achieve operating temperature.
4. Access tiie POWER ADJUSTMENT menu and settiieoutput
power to the desired level using the POWER ADJUST knob.

Ensure the laser output is blocked or is directed at an intended

target. Ensure all personnel in the area are wearing laser safety
glasses.

5. After the heater servo loops are locked at operating tempera-

ture as indicated on the power supply display (in the Verdi
Status - Servo Status submenu), tum the key switch on the
power supplyfrontpanel to ON.
6. Laser light will be available from the laser head after a delay
of at least 5 seconds.
7. Open the shutter by pressmgtiieSHUTTER OPEN pushbutton
on the power supplyfrontpanel.

3-2
 Operation

Dally Turn-on A warm start can be performed when the \^tesse power supply rear
(Warm Start) panel power switch has been on for more than 30 minutes (pump
laser in standby as described in Table 3-1). The recommended daily
operation of the Vitesse is to use this warm start tum-on procedure
in conjimction with the tum-off procedure that leaves the rear panel
power switch in the ON state.
If the pump laser power supply has been off for more than
30 minutes (AC ON indicator not lit), refer to the procedure titled,
"Tum-on (Cold Start)".
Warm start can also be accompUshed when the laser is being exter-
nally confrolled using a computer. Refer to Tables 4-3 and 4-4 for a
list of RS-232 commands and queries.

1. The LASER EMISSION mdicator should be on. If tiie mdi-

cator is not on, refer to Section Five, Maintenance and Service.
Tum the key switch on the power supplyfrontpanel to ON.
2. The main menu will appear on the power supply front panel
display. Refer to Figure 3-3 for a description of the display
menus.

Ensure the laser output is blocked or is directed at an intended

target Ensure all personnel in the area are wearing laser safety
glasses.

3. Laser light will be available from the laser head after a delay
of at least 5 seconds.
4. Opentiieshutter by pressmgtiieSHUTTER OPEN pushbutton
on the power supply front panel.
5. If necessary, adjust the POWER ADJUST knob (while m tiie
POWER ADJUSTMENT menu) for tiie desfred output power
level.

Turn-off

Turn-off (Daily Use) When the Vitesse is being used on a daily basis, tum-off normally
consists of tuming the key switch to the STANDBY position. This
shuts off the laser diodes and places the pump laser in standby as
described in Table 3-1. This method avoids the heater ramp-up cycle
described above in the paragraph titled, Tum-on (Cold Start).

3-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Do not tum off the power switch on the power supply rear panel.
Refer to the paragraph below titled. Complete Shutdown, if all
power is to be removed from the system.

For additional information on LBO heater ramp-up and ramp-down,

refer to Section Seven, Principles of Operation.
Tum-off can also be accomplished when the laser is being extemally
confrolled using a computer. Refer to Tables 4-3 and 4-4 for a list of
RS-232 commands and queries.

Tum-off (Complete This procedure will remove all powerfromthe Vitesse and is recom-
Shut-down) mended for performing system maintenance or if no operation is
anticipated for a long period of time. Use the cold start procedure to
tum on the Vitesse after a complete shut-down.
Complete shut-down can also be accomplished v^^ien the laser is
bemg extemally confrolled using a computer. Refer to Tables 4-3
and 4-4 for a list of RS-232 commands and queries.

1. Tum the key switch power supplyfrontpanel to STANDBY.

2. Access and select the LBO SETTINGS submenu. Press the
MENU SELECT pushbutton to start tiie LBO cool-down
cycle.

To avoid unnecessary use of the backup battery, do not turn off

the power switch on the power supply rear panel while the pump
laser is in the cool-down cycle. This takes approximately
45 minutes.

3. When the LBO temperature is below 40°C, tum off the power
switch on the power supply rear panel after the cool-down
cycle is complete. During the cool-down cycle the LBO
temperature can be monitored in the LBO SETTINGS
submenu.

Do not turn off the power switch on the rear ofthe power supply
or disconnect AC power from the power supply if a **LBO
Battery^ fault is active. Refer to Chart 13.

3-4
 Operation

Tuming off the power switch (or removing AC powerfromthe

power supply) will cause the intemal battery to be used to
complete the LBO cool-down cycle rather than AC power
This causes unnecessary drain on the battery. For extended
battery life use the LBO cool down cycle from the menu. For
additional information, refer to the paragraph titied, Thennal
Management located in Section Seven, Principles of Opera-
tion.
4. The key can be removed to prevent inadvertant tum-on.

3-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Controls, Indicators, and Features

1. Emission indicator 4. Cooling water inlet and outlet lines

2. Exit window 5. Slow photo diode (Vitesse power)
3. Umbilical 6. Fast photo diode (sync out)

Figure 3-1. Laser Head Features

3-6
 Operation

Table 3-2. Laser Head Features

IlEM CONIROL FUNCTION

1 Emission indicator Lights when laser emission is possible.

2 Exit window 800 nm laser light is emittedfromthis window when the laser is on and the
shutter is open.

3 UmbUical Houses the fiber optic and electrical cables that provides an interface
between the laser head and power supply.

4 Cooling water inlet and Connects to facility water or a closed loop chiller. The inlet and outlet
outlet lines connectors are non-directional.

5 Slow photo diode Wltii SLOW-PD ADAPTOR connected to the test connector (25 pin "D"),
the output voltage is representative ofthe \^tesse output power.

6 Fast photo diode Output for synchronizing extemal equipment with the Vitesse output
(sync out) pulse. This output can also be used to monitor the output pulse with an
oscilloscope.

3-7
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

1. AC ON indicator 11. POWER ADJUST knob

2. Key switch 12. Fuses
3. LASER EMISSION indicator 13. Power ON/OFF switch
4. Display 14. Power cord
5. MENU UP/DOWN pushbuttons 15. Umbilical
6. MENU SELECT pushbutton 16. Air filter
7. MENU EXIT pushbutton 17. Air filter retaining nuts (2)
8. SHUTTER OPEN pushbutton indicator 18. MODEM connector
9. DISPLAY CONTRAST adjust 19. EXTERNAL INTERLOCK connector
10. POWER LEVEL 1/2 pushbutton indicators 20. SERIAL PORT connector

Figure 3-2. Power Supply Controls and Indicators

3-8
 Operation

Table 3-3. Power Supply Controls and Indicators

ITEM CONTROL FUNCTION

1 AC ON indicator Lights when power is applied to the power supply via the power switch on
the power supply rear panel.
2 Key switch The key switch can place the Vitesse either in the STANDBY or ON state.
Fimctionality m these states are summarized in Table 3-1. The key can be
removed when in STANDBY position to prevent unauthorized operation.
The key cannot be removed when in ON position.
3 LASER EMISSION Lights when laser emission is possible.
indicator
4 Display Displays pump laser status, operating parameters, and diagnostic data. Refer
to Figure 3-3 for a description ofthe displays.
5 MENU UP/DOWN Allows scrolling through the menus. Refer to Figure 3-3 for a description of
pushbuttons the displays and menus.
6 MENU SELECT push- Allows selection ofthe indicated menu.
button
7 MENU EXIT push- Exits current menu. Can also be used to clear inactive feults as described in
button the troubleshooting charts in Chapter Four, Maintenance and Service.
Pressing MENU EXIT while in the main menu causes the single-fi^quency
mode to recenter as described in Table 4-3, "FLASH" command.
8 SHUTTER OPEN Remotely opens and closes the shutter on the laser head. The pushbutton
pushbutton indicator indicator LED lights when the shutter is disabled.
9 DISPLAY CONTRAST Allows adjustment ofthe display by user for best viewing.
adjust
10 POWER LEVEL 1/2 Allows selection of 2 preset pump laser output power levels. To preset a
pushbutton indicators power level, press the pushbutton to light the LED. Use the POWER
ADJUST knob to set the p>ower, then press the pushbutton again so that the
LED is off. The new power value is then stored.
11 POWER ADJUST knob Allows continuous adjustment of the pump laser output power level fiom
threshold to maximum power.
12 Fuse 250 V, 10 A, time delay fuse provides electrical protection.
13 Power ON/OFF switch Applies/removes all power from the pump laser. Refer to the shut-down
procedures to avoid imnecessary use ofthe internal battery.
14 Power cord Connects the power supply to 110 VAC facility power.
15 Umbilical Houses electrical cables and the fiber optic cables.
16 Air filter Removes dirt and contamination from the power supply cooling air.
17 Air filter retaining nuts Secures air filter to power supply.
18 MODEM connector Reserved for future use.
19 EXTERNAL INTER- Allows connection of an extemal interlock. The pump laser will not operate
LOCK connector when this connector is open. Refer to the Section Six, Installation, for addi-
tional information on the interlock.
20 SERL^L PORT Allows extemal computer control ofthe Vitesse. Refer to Section Four for
connector additional information on extemal computer control including commands,
queries, and system requirements.

3-9
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Menu Displays Figure 3-3 shows the laser menus. Refer to Table 3-4 for the
submenus.

Vitesse v4.011/13/0013:00
System initializing...
please wait

VITESSE SYSTEM STATUS MAIN MENU

MODELOCKED ->Power Adjustment
—(SELECT)-?
Vitesse power: 300.0 mW Verdi Status Menu
Verdi power: 2.00 W Verdi Settings Menu
Verdi FAP current: 17.00 A
Baseplate Temp: 25.00 C
Vitesse Status Menu
Vitesse Settings Menu
<5
Vitesse Light Loop Mode
Press SELECT/EXIT lor Menus
K^'"^ >- Light Loop Control

A to move arrow
Menu UP
V Menu DOWN

Figure 3-3. Menus

3-10
 Operation

POWER ADJUSTMENT
VitessePwr: 380.0mW BW: 12.0nM
-(SELEC-^ ^ Verdi Pwr: 1.77W I: 17.00A
Vitesse Light Loop Mode

-Cl!I> Set Vitesse Power = QOO.OmW

Tum KNOB to change
Push EXIT to retum to Menus

VERDI STATUS MENU

->Servo Status
-(SELECT)- Verdi Laser Status
Diode Parameters

-(^y FAULT Status

VERDI SETTINGS MENU

->Temperature Set Points
-(SELECT)- LBO Settings
LBO Optimization
RS-232 Baudrate Setup
<;^iT>
(t>-'
VITESSE STATUS MENU
->Vitesse Status
-(SELECf)- Display A/D Readings
Refer to Table 3-4
FAULT Status
• ^
for a description
ofthe submenus.
•<;^iT>

VITESSE SEHINGS MENU

->AutoModelock ON/OFF
-(SELECT)- Power Track ON/OFF
Peak Hold ON/OFF
PZT Control
<EXIT>

LIGHT LOOP CONTROL

In Vitesse Light Loop Mode
-(SELECI)-
Press SELECT to change mode
Verdi Ught Loop Mode

•C^ii> ->Vitesse Light Loop

Press EXIT for menus

3-11
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 3-4. Submenus (Sheet 1 of 4)

POWER ADJUSTMENT The user must access this menu to adjust Vitesse power (when in
VitessePwr 300.0mW BW: 12.0nM \^tesse light loop) or Verdi power (when in Verdi light loop).
Verdi Pwr 2.00W I: 17.00A
Vrtesse Light Loop Mode

Set Vitesse Power = 300.0mW

Tum KNOB to change
Push EXIT to retum to Menus

\^RDi STATUS M E N U S
SERVO STATUS Displays die Verdi servo status': OPEN, LOCKED, SEEKING,
Sen/o: State W/DegC Drive •SEEK, OR FAULT. The value for the laser light loop servo is in
Laser: open 0.00 0 Watts and the other values (temperature servos) are °C.
LBO: lock 146.6 4784
*SEEK indicates the algorithm optimizing the diode temperature is
Vanadate: lock 35.00 -1776 running. This algorithm optimizes the diode temperature such that
Etalon: kx* 45.9 428 maximum Vanadate absorption ofthe IR pump is achieved. Fimction-
Diode 1: seek 16.51 -1431 ally, this lowers the diode pump, and thus operating current, necessary
Dkxle 2: lock 15.90 -2180 to achieve sp>ecified power.

VERDI SETTINGS MENU Displays Verdi status and system information.

S/W Version Verdi 6.05
System Congf 2 Watt System
Heatsink # 1 T 23.00 C
Heatsink #2 T 21.70 C
HEAD Hrs 321.98
DIODE #1 Hrs 215.84, l:21.50A
DIODE #2 Hrs 215.84, 1:21 .OOA

DIODE PARAMETERS Displays diode voltage, current, and photocell values for the diodes.
Recording these values on a periodic basis can be useful in evaluating
Diodel Voltage 1.70V the health ofthe system.
Diodel Current 17.1A
Diodel Photocell 2.49V
Diode2 Voltage 1.67V
Diode2 Current 17.3A
Diode2 Photocell 2.46V

FAULT STATUS If faults are active, the fault codes and descriptions will be displayed.
Refer to Table 5-1 for a complete list of faults and associated correc-
tive actions.
System OK:

3-12

J
 Operation

Table 3-4. Submenus (Sheet 2 of 4)

\tRDi SETTING MENUS

TEMPERATURE SET POINTS Displays the various system temperatiu'e set points, actual tempera-
SetR: 150.30 Drive: 6216.9 tures and DAC drives required by the servo loops. Temperatures
Read T: 150.31 Status: lock cannot be changedfromthis menu although the LBO temperature can
SetPwr1.90W Avgl:16.15A be optimized using the LBO Temperature Optimization submenu.
->LBO Temperature
Vanadate Temperature
Etalon Temperature
Diode #1 Temperature

LBO SETTINGS Access this menu to initiate a heating or cooling ofthe LBO crystal.
Displays the state ofthe LBO servo (heating or cooling).
T: 150.27 Set: 150.30
Drive: 6224

LBO HEATING
Press SELECT to start COOLING
Press EXIT for NO CHANGE

LBO OPTIMIZATION This menu is used to initiate LBO optimization. Refer to the para-
graphtitled,LBO Temperature Optimization, located in Chapter Five
T: 150.31 Pwr 1.85 Drv:6210 for additional infonnation and procedures regarding LBO Tempera-
ture Optimization.
OK to OPTIMIZE LBO Temp

Press SELECT to OPTIMIZE TIbo

Press EXIT to ABORT

Or
Power TOO LOWII
Can't optimize at this power!
Press EXIT to ABORT

RS-232 BAUDRATE SETUP Allows adjustment ofthe baudrate for RS-232 communications.

RS-232 Protocol: 38400,8, N, 1

use KNOB to adjust rate values

Press SELECT to ACCEPT

Press EXIT to ABORT

3-13
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 3-4. Submenus (Sheet 3 of 4)

VITESSE SfTATUS MENUS

Ver 4.0 Pwr : 1.6mW Ver = software version

Mdlk NO BW 22.8nM Mdlk = modelock status (yes or no)
PTrk OFF Cw 420mW
FTric = power track status (on or off)
Strt ON SetP 300.5mW
PHId OFF QSw O.OmW Strt = starter status (on or ofi)
VLL ON LS 2.29 V PHld = peak hold (on or off)
Pzt Auto SDac 2.72 V VLL = (on or off) Vitesse light loop
Stat 0 Vrd 0.01 W Pzt = Pzt control (auto or manual)
Stat = Vitesse light loop state
0 = Not operative/\^tesse light loop not on
1 = Vitesse light loop "tum-on"
2 = Operational and in N^tesse light loop
Pwr = power output
BW = bandwidth
Cw = CW breakthrough point (upper op>eration range)
SetP = set power
QSw = Q-Switch DAC power level (lower operation range)
LS = loop snoop voltage, normally between 2.1 V to 2.9 V
SDac = voltage used with Vitesse Ught loop (approx. 2.72 V)
Vrd = Verdi power output

DISPLAY A/D READING Displays system devices voltages. Slow photodiode voltage should be
slow photodiode: 2.02V approximately 2.5 V at full power. PZT voltages should be between 1
PZTXRd: 2.40 V to 4 Volts when PowerTrack is on. Vitesse loop snoop voltage should
PZTYRd: 2.42 V normally be between 2.1 V to 2.9 V. Therm V voltage (voltage on the
Vitesse loop snoop: 2.00 V Ti:Sapphire crystal) should be approximately 3 V. Green photocell
ThennV: 2.99 V (voltage on the 532 nm photocell) should be alwut 2.1 Volts.
Green Photocell: 3.42 V
Press EXIT to retum to Menus

FAULT STATUS Iffoultsare active, the fault codes and descriptions will be displayed.
Refer to Table 5-1 for a complete list of faults and associated correc-
tive actions.
System OK:

3-14
 Operation

Table 3-4. Submenus (Sheet 4 of 4)

VITESSE SETTINGS MENUS

AUTOMODELOCK ON/OFF Allows the auto modelock function to be tumed on or off. The auto
modelock is implemented by the starter. Refer to Chapter Seven, Prin-
Automodelock setting: OFF ciples of Operation, for additional information.

Press SELECT to toggle Setting

Press EXIT to retum to Menus

POWER TRACK ON/OFF Allows the PowerTrack function to be tumed on or off". Refer to
Chapter Seven, Principles of Operation, for additional information on
Power Track setting: OFF the power track fimction.
Power Track status: OFF

Press SELECT to toggle Setting

Press EXIT to retum to Menus

PEAK HOLD ON/OFF Allows the peak hold function to be tumed on or off.

Peak Hold setting: OFF

Press SELECT to toggle Setting

Press EXIT to retum to Menus

PZT CONTROL Allows the PZT control to be tiuned to auto or manual. The PZTs
PZT X: 2.30V VrtPwr 380.0mW implement the PowerTrack function. Refer to Chapter Seven, Princi-
PZT Y: 2.30V MODELOCKED ples of Operation, for additional information on PowerTrack.
Press SELECT to toggle
->PZT mode = AUTO
Set PZT X Voltage = *Auto*
Set PZT Y Voltage = *Auto*
SetAutoModeLock = OFF

3-15
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Fault Handling In case of a fault, the CPU closes the laser shutter and sets the laser
diode current to zero. The display reads for example:

! i i ! ! ! ! I I i l I ! ! I I ! i l l ! I l l ! I! II
FAULT CONDITION!
ERROR CODE #16
Diode 1 Over Cunent Fault
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Push EXIT to continue

After exiting the faiUt display, the laser will indicate on the first
display line whether the fault is still active. Ifthe fault condition no
longer exists, exiting the fault display clears the fault and laser oper-
ation retums to the state it was in before the fault occurred except for
the shutter which remains closed. If the fault condition still exists,
the main menu will display "FAULT ACTIVE" on the first line.
Active faults can be seen by selecting the Fault Status Menu.
Some fault messages are for information only and will not set the
current to zero. Refer to Table 5-1 for a complete list of fault
messages.

3-16
 Extemal Computer Control

SECTION FOUR: EXTERNAL COMPUTER CONTROL

How to Interface This chapter provides details on how to interface a Vitesse laser to a
remote computer through the RS-232 coimector on the rear of the
to The Vitesse power supply.
The RS-232 mterface is based on a set of laser confrol instmctions,
consisting of commands that affect laser operation, and queries that
request the laser to retum status information to the host. The instmc-
tion set is sufficient to support user-written programs that emulate
theftmctionsofthe Vitessefrontpanel.

RS-232
Command
Language

Instruction Syntax Communication with the Vitesse is by two types of instmctions:

for RS-232 commands which set the values of laser operating parameters, and
queries which request the laser to retum the value of an operating
Communication parameter.
Any instmction to the laser consists of a command or query written
as a string of ASCII characters and temiinated by a carriage retum
and linefeed (<CR><LF>) or a semicolon (;).
For example:
LASER=1<CR><LF> Switches the Vitesse from
STANDBY to ON.
?LIGHT; Requests the laser to retum the
measured laser output power.
The laser will always respond to an instmction by retimiing a
message terminated by a carriage retum and linefeed. Table 4-1 lists
the possible responsesfromthe laser.

For proper handshaking, communication programs should wait

until the <CRxLF> has been retumed from the laser before
sending the next instruction.

4-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 4-1. Responsefrom Laser after Receiving Instruction

RESPONSE FROM LASER

INSTRUCTION
ECHO OFF ECHO OFF ECHO ON ECHO ON
SENT TO LASER
PROMFI OFF PROMKI ON PROMPT OFF PROMPT ON

Command + <CRxLF> <CRxLF> VERDlxCR> Command VERDI>

<LF> -KCRxLF> Command
-KCRXLF>
Query + <CRxLF> Data + <CRxLF> VERDI> Data Query -t- Data VERDI> Query
+<CRx:LF> -KCRxLF> -(-Data
-(-=CRxLF>
Command+ <CRxLF> RANGE ERROR: VERDI> RANGE Command -i- VERDI>
(Illegal operand) -(-Command ERROR: RANGE ERROR: Command -i-
-KCRXLF> -•-Command -i-Command RANGE ERROR:
-i-<CRxLF> -K:CRXLF> -(-Command
-(-;CRXLF>
Command <CRxLF> Command Error: VERDI> Command -t- VERDI>
(Illegal instmction) -KTommand Command Error: Command Error: Command-(-
-KCRXLF> -i-Command -i-Command Command Error:
-KCRx:LF> -(-<CRxLF> -(-Command
-(-<CRxLF>
Query<CRxLF> Query Error: VERDI> Query Query -(-Query VERDI>QueTy
(Illegal instmction) -K?uery Error: -i-Query Error: -i-Query -(-Query Error:
-(-<CRXLF> -KCRXLF> -(-CCRXLF> -(-Query
-(-cCRxLF>
1 Multiple items will be separated by the & character. For example, a list of system faults will be retumed as 3&5&6.

ECHO Mode The Wesse provides an echo mode hi which each character trans-
mitted to the laser is echoed to the host. This feature can be tumed
on or off using the ECHO command (see below).

PROMPT Mode The Vitesse provides an prompt mode for terminal operation in
which the laser retums "VITESSE" after each command. This
feature can be tumed on or off using the PROMPT command (see
below).

The single character ? may be substituted for PRINT in all queries.

For example:
7LIGHT is equivalent to PRINT LIGHT

4-2
 External Computer Control

or The single characters = and : are eqiuvalent delimiters between text

and data in all commands. For example:
LASER=0 is equivalent to LASER:0

RS'232 Interface The "Vitesse Laser RS-232 port configuration is described in

Table 4-2, and typical cable requfrements are shown m Figure 4-1.
Connection The 9-pin RS-232 port is configured as DCE (data communications
equipment) device using only pins 2 (serial data out), 3 (serial data
in) and 5 (signal groimd). Handshake lines RTS, CTS, DTR and
DSR (pins 4,6,7 and 8) are not used and have no coimections inside
the power supply.

RS-232 Porf
Configuration
Table 4-2. RS-232 Port Description

CONFIGURATION D C E , N o HANDSHAKING

Data bits 8

Stop bits 1

Parity none
Baud rate User selectable:
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
38400 (default factory setting)
57600
115200

Setting Ttie The baud rate ofthe 9-pin RS-232 port can be adjusted through the
Baud Rate front panel (Figure 3-3) or by means of the SERIAL
BAUDRATE=NNN command described in Table 4-1 and
Table 4-2. After the baud rate is changed, the new setting will be
used until it is changed (even ifthe system power is switched off).
To set the baud rate by the remote computer, send the SERIAL
BAUDRATE=NNN command to the laser at the currently set baud
rate. After sending this baud rate command, host computer commu-
nications port must be reinitialized to the new baud rate.

4-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

DB9 DB9

Transmit Data (TXD)

Receive Data (RXD)

COMPUTER VITESSE
Signal Ground (GND)

F^ure 4-1. RS-232 Pin Configuration

The default factory set baud rate is 38400.

When an RS-232 command is issued to change a setting, the

display may not update to reflect the changes taking place in the
system. The user should press MENU EXIT and MENU
SELECT to update the display.

Instruction Set Tables 4-3 and 4-4 describe the instmctions (long and short forms)
for use in RS-232 with the Wesse.

4-4
 Extemal Computer Control

Table 4-3. RS-232 Commands

COMMANDS ACTION PERFORMED

AUTOMODELOCK = n If n = 0: tums off automodelock (starter).

AMDLK = n If n = 1: tums on automodelock.

BAUDRATE = nnnnn Set the RS-232 Serial port baud rate to the specified value,
B=n nnnnn = 1200, 2400,4800, 9600, 19200,38400, 57600, 115200.

ECHO = n If n = 0: tum OFF echo. Characters transmitted to the laser will not be echoed
E=n to the host.
If n = 1: tum ON echo. Characters transmitted to the laser will be echoed to the
host.
A change in echo mode will take effect with the first command sent after the
echo command.

FLASH = 1 Flash laser output below lasing threshold to allow single-frequency mode to
FL=1 recenter.

LASER = n If n = 0: put laser in STANDBY (note: key OFF, then ON overrides).

L=n If n = 1: reset faults and tum on laser (key must by in ON position). Clears fault
screen on power supply and fault history (7FAULT HISTORY) so lasing will
resume if no active faults.

LBO HEATER = n If n = 0: tum off LBO heater (COOL DOWN).

LBOH=n If n = 1: tum on LBO heater (HEAl'ING).

LBO OPriMLZ;E=n If n=0: no optimization in process.

LBOOPr=n If n=l: begin optimization routine.

LIGHT = nn.nnnn Set to light regulation at the specified output power.

P=im.nnnn

LOCK FRONT PANEL=n Disables user input from the front panel.
LFP=n

POWER = n Set to light regulation at the specified output power.

P=im.nnnn

POWER TRACK = n If n = 0: tum off power track.

Pl RK = n If n = 1: tum on power track.

PROMPT = n If n = 0: tum OFF "VERDI>" prompt.

>=n If n = 1: tum ON "VERDI>" prompt.

SHUTTER = n If n = 0: close extemal shutter.

S=n If n = 1: open extemal shutter.

UF POWER = nnn.nn Sets UF (Vitesse) power setpoint to the specified value in milliwatts. Only
UF=nnn.nn when in Vitesse Light Loop.

VIFESSE LIGHT LOOP = n If n = 0: disable Vitesse light loop. Defaults to Verdi Light Loop.
VLL = n If n = 1: enable Vitesse light loop.

4-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 4-4. RS-232 Queries

QUERIES RETURNED INFORMATION

PRINT BANDWIDTH Retum the Vitesse bandwidth, nn.nn, in nanometers.

?BW
PRINT FAULTS Retum a list of number codes of all active foults, separated by an &, or retum
?F "SYSTEM OK" if no active faults
Fault codes:
l=Laser Head Interlock Fault, 2=Extemal Interiock Fault,
3=PS Cover Interlock Fault, 4=LBO Temperature Fault,
5=LB0 Not Locked at Set Temp, 6=Vanadate Temp. Fault,
7=Etalon Temp. Fault, 8=Diode 1 Temp. Fault,
9=Diode 2 Temp. Fault, 10=Baseplate Temp. Fault,
I l=Heatsink 1 Temp. Fault, 12=Heatsink 2 Temp. Fault,
17=Diode 2 Over Current Fault, 16=Diode 1 Over Current Fault,
19=Diode 1 Under Volt Fault, 18=Over Current Fault,
2 l=Diode 1 Over Volt Fault, 20=Diode 2 Under Volt Fault,
25=Diode 1 EEPROM Fault, 22=Diode 2 Over Volt Fault,
27=Laser Head EEPROM Fault, 26=Diode 2 EEPROM Fault,
29=PS-Head Mismatch Fault, 28=Power Supply EEPROM Fault,
31 =Shutter State Mismatch, 3 0=LBO Battery Fault,
33=Head PROM Checksum Fault, 32=CPU PROM Checksum Fault,
35=Diode2 PROM Checksum Fault, 34=Diodel PROM Checksum Fault,
37=Head PROM Range Fault, 36=CPU PROM Range Fault,
39=Diode2 PROM Range Fault, 38=Diodel PROM Range Fault,
41 =Lost Power Track Fault, 40=Lost Modelock Fault,
43=Below Q-Switch Power Fault, 42=Exceeded CW Power Fault,
45=Lost UF Lasing Fault, 44=ri-Sapph Temp. Fault,
47=PZT Y Fault. 46=PZT X Fault,
PRINT BASEPLATE TEMP Retum laser head baseplate measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
?BT
PRINT CURRENT DELTA Retum the diode current delta calibration, n.n, in amps.
?CD
PRINT CURRENT Retum the measured average diode current, nn.n, in amps.
?C
PRINT DIODE 1 CURRENT Retum laser diode #1 measured current, nn.n, in amps.
?D1C
PRINT DIODE 1 HEATSINK Retum laser diode #1 heat sink measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
TEMP
7D1HST

4-6
 External Computer Control

Table 4-4. RS-232 Queries (Continued)

QUERIES RETURNED INFORMATION

PRINT DIODE 1 HOURS Retum die number of operating hours on laser diode 1.
?D1H
PRINT DIODE 1 SERVO Retum the status of diode #1 temperature servo:
STATUS 0 ifthe servo is OPEN.
7D1SS 1 ifthe servo is LOCKED.
2 ifthe servo is SEEKING
3 ifthe servo has a FAULT.
PRINT DIODE 1 SET TEMP Return laser diode #1 set temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7D1ST
PRINT DIODE 1 TEMP DRIVE Retum laser diode #1 temperature servo drive setting.
7D1TD
PRINT DIODE 1 TEMP Retum laser diode #1 measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7D1T

PRINT DIODE2 CURRENT Retum laser diode #2 measured current, nn.n, in amps.
7D2C
PRINT DI0DE2 HEATSINK Retum laser diode #2 heat sink measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
TEMP
7D2HST
PRINT DI0DE2 HOURS Retum the number of operating hours on laser diode 2.
7D2H
PRINT D10DE2 SERVO Retum the status of diode #2 temperature servo:
STATUS 0 ifthe servo is OPEN.
7D2SS 1 ifthe servo is LOCKED.
2 ifthe servo is SEEKING
3 if die servo has a FAULT.
PRINT DIODE2 SET TEMP Retum laser diode #2 set temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7D2ST
PRINT DIODE2 TEMP DRIVE Retum laser diode #2 temperature servo drive setting
7D2TD
PRINT DI0DE2 TEMP RetiuTi laser diode #2 measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7D2T
PRINT ETALON DRIVE Retum etalon temperature servo drive setting
7ED

4-7
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 4-4. RS-232 Queries (Continued)

QUERIES RETURNED INFORMATION

PRINT ETALON SERVO Retum the stams ofthe etalon temperature servo:
STATUS 0 ifthe servo is OPEN.
7ESS 1 ifthe servo is LOCKED.
2 ifthe servo is SEEKING
3 ifthe servo has a FAULT.
PRINT ETALON SET TEMP Retum etalon set temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7EST
PRINT ETALON TEMP Retum etalon measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.
7ET
PRINT FAULT HISTORY Retum a list of number codes (see 7F) of all faults that have occurred since the last
?FH LASER ON command, separated by an &, or retum "SYSTEM OK" if no latched
faults. The LASER ON command or the EXl I button on the power supply when
the fault screen is active will clear the fault history and fault screen.
PRINT HEAD_HOURS Retum the number of operating hours on the system head.
?HH
PRINT KEYSWITCH Retum:
7K 0 ifthe keyswitch is OFF.
1 ifthe keyswitch is ON.

PRINT LASER Retum:

?L 0 ifthe laser is OFF (STANDBY).
1 ifthe laser is in ON.
2 if die laser is OFF because FAULT occurred (check faults or fault history).
PRINT LBO DRIVE Retum LBO temperature servo drive setting
7LB0D
PRINT LBO HEATER Retum the status ofthe LBO heater:
7LBOH 0 ifthe LBO heater is OFF (COOL DOWN).
1 if die LBO heater is ON (HEATING).
PRINT LBO SERVO STATUS Retum the status ofthe LBO temperature servo:
7LBOSS 0 ifthe servo is OPEN.
1 if die servo is LOCKED.
2 if die servo is SEEKING
3 ifthe servo has a FAULT.
PRINT LBO SET TEMP Retum LBO set temperature, nnn.nn, in °C.
7LBOST
PRINT LBO TEMP Return LBO measured temperature, nnn.nn, in °C.
7LBOT

4-8
 Extemal Computer Control

Table 4-4. RS-232 Queries (Continued)

QUERIES RETURNED INFORMATION

PRINT LIGHT REG STATUS Retum the status ofthe light loop servo:
7LRS 0 ifthe servo is OPEN (current regulation).
1 ifthe servo is LOCKED.
2 if die servo is SEEKING
3 ifthe servo has a FAULT.
PRINT LIGHT Retum the calibrated output power, nn.nnn, in watts.
7P
PRINT MODE Retums the laser operating mode:
7M 0 if in current regulation.
1 if in light regulation.
PRINT MODELOCKED Retum:
7MDLK 0 if Vitesse is off (standby).
1 if Vtesse is modelocked.
2 if Vitesse is CW.
PRINT POWER TRACK Retum:
7PrRK 0 if power track is off.
1 if power track is on.
PRINT SET LIGHT Retum the light regulation set power, nn.nnnn, in watts.
7SP
PRINT SHUTTER Retum the status ofthe extemal shutter:
7S 0 ifthe shutter CLOSED.
1 ifthe shutter OPEN.
PRINT SOFTWARE Retum the version number ofthe power supply software.
?SV
PRINT UF POWER Retum:
?UF Actual UF (Vitesse) power, nnn.nn, in milliwatts
PRINT VANADATE DRIVE Retum vanadate temperature servo drive setting
7VD
PRINT VANADATE SERVO Retum the status ofthe vanadate temperature servo:
STATUS 0 if die servo is OPEN.
7VSS 1 if die servo is LOCKED.
2 if die servo is SEEKING
3 if die servo has a FAULT.
PRINT VANADATE SET Retum vanadate set temperature, nn.jm, in °C.
TEMP
7VST

4-9
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 4-4. RS-232 Queries (Continued)

QUERIES RETURNED INFORMATION

PRINT VANADATE TEMP Retum vanadate measured temperature, nn.nn, in °C.

7VT
PRINT VHESSE LIGHT LOOP Rehim:
7VLL 0 if Vitesse light loop is off.
1 if Vitesse light loop is on.

4-10
 Maintenance and Service

SECTION FIVE: MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

Do not open the Vitesse laser head. There are no user serviceable
components or adjustments inside. There are dangerous high
voltage and currents and hazardous levels of laser energy inside
the laser head. There is no cover interlock to eliminate these
dangers upon removal of the laser head cover.

TrOUblestlOOting Table 5-1 lists possible problems/error messages with a reference to

the associated troubleshooting chart located in this section.

Table 5-1. Troubleshooting/Fault Messages

HlOUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM
REFERENCE

Pump laser does not start (no laser output) Chart 1

Pump laser shuts down Chart 2

Vitesse laser output unstable Chart 3

AC ON indicator on power supply front panel does not light when power
Chart 4
switch on rear panel is ON.

LASER EMISSION indicator on power supply front panel or on the laser head
does not light when key switch is in the ON position. [1]

FAULT MESSAGES:

Fault Code 1: Head interiock fault Charts

Fault Code 2: Extemal interlock fault Chart 6

Fault Code 3: Power supply cover interlock fault Chart 7

Fault Code 4: LBO temperature fault Chart 8

Fault Code 5: LBO Not Locked at Set Temperature Chart 12

[ 1 ] Contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system or components are being retumed directiy
to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required.

5- 1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 5-1. TYoubleshooting/Fault Messages (Continued)

IHOUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM
REFERENCE

Fault Code 6: Vanadate temperature fault Chart 8

Fault Code 7: Etalon temperature fault Chart 8

Fault Code 8: Diode 1 temperature fault Chart 8

Fauh Code 9: Diode 2 temperature fault Chart 8

Fauk Code 10: Baseplate temperature fault Chart 9

Fault Code 11: Diode heat sink 1 temperature fault Chart 10

Fault Code 12: Diode heat sink 2 temperature fault Chart 10

Fault Code 16: Diode 1 over current fault Chart 11

Fauh Code 17: Diode 2 over current fault Chart 11

Fault Code 18: Over current fault Chart 11

Fault Code 19: Diode 1 under voltage fault Chart 12

Fault Code 20: Diode 2 under voltage fault Chart 12

Fault Code 21: Diode 1 over voltage fault Chart 12

Fault Code 22: Diode 2 over voltage fault Chart 12

Fauk Code 25: Diode 1 EEPROM fault Chart 12

Fault Code 26: Diode 2 EEPROM fault Chart 12

Fault Code 27: Laser Head EEPROM fault Chart 12

Fault Code 28: Power Supply EEPROM fault Chart 12

Fault Code 29: Power supply-head mismatch fault Chart 12

Fauk Code 30: LBO battery fault Chart 13

Fault Code 31: Shutter state mismatch Chart 12

Fault Code 32: CPU PROM Checksum Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 33: Head PROM Checksum Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 34: Diodel PROM Checksum Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 35: Diode2 PROM Checksum Fault Chart 12

5-2
 Maintenance and Service

Table 5-1. Troubleshooting/Fault Messages (Continued)

TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM
REFERENCE

Fault Code 36: CPU PROM Range Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 37: Head PROM Range Fault Chart 12

Fauk Code 38: Diodel PROM Range Fauk Chart 12

Fault Code 39: Diode2 PROM Range Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 40: Lost Modelock Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 41: Lost Power Track Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 42: Exceeded CW Power Fauk Chart 12

Fault Code 43: Below Q-Svdtch Power Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 44: Ti-Sapph Temp. Fault Chart 8

Fault Code 45: Lost UF Lasing Fault Chart 12

Fault Code 46: PZT X Fault Chart 14

Fauk Code 47: PZT Y Fault Chart 14

5-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 1. Pump Laser Does Not Start (No Light Output)

^ start J

Refer to the assumptions

on the facing page
[1]

\ •

NO
AC power indkjator lit? Refer to Chart 4.

YES

NO Contact Coherent service

Display visible? or an authorized service
representative. ..i

YES

1 r

NO Contact Coherent service

Any fault messages or an authorized servk^
displayed? representative. ..,

YES

1 r

Refer to Table 5-1.

5-4
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 1. Pump Laser Does Not Start (No Light Output) [Continued]

The numbered paragraphs below are keyed to, and supplement the flowchart for this
chart

[1] ASSUMPTIONS:
• The laser system has been installed in accordance with the installation procedures in Section Six,
Installation.
• This procedm-e is not intended for re-starting a laser after it has shut down due to a fault.
• A closed shutter is not blocking output light.
• The appropriate tiun-on procedures are being performed and the laser is not in a warm-up cycle.

[2] Ifthe laser system must be retiuned directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number
is required.

5-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 2. Pump Laser Shuts Down (No Light Output)

(^Start J

1'

Refer to the assumptions

on the facing page
[1]

''

NO
AC indicator on? Refer to Chart 4.

YES

NO Contact Coherent servk^

Any fault messages or an authorized servne
displayed? representative. ..

YES

Refer to Table 5-1.

5-6
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 2. Pump Laser Shuts Down (No Light Output) [Continued]

The numbered paragraphs below are keyed to, and supplement the flowchart for this
chart

[1] ASSUMPTIONS:
• The laser system had been operating immediately prior to shutdown.
• The interlocks are closed as described in Section Six, Installation. The pump laser will not operate
with an interlock circuk open.
If a user interlock is installed, the user interlock can be verified by temporarily replacing it with the
interlock supplied with the system.

[2] Ifthe laser system must he retumed directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number
is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized representative.

5-7
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 3. Laser Output Unstable

^ start J

Refer to the assumptions

on the facing page
[1]

Any feult messages YES

Refer to Table 5-1.
displayed?

NO

Tum the keyswitch to

STANDBY for a few seconds,
then back to ON.
Power unstable?
YES

Check output power with an NO Contact Coherent service

extemal power meter. or an authorized service
Power unstable? representative.
[2]
YES

Contact Coherent service

or an authorized service
representative.
[2]

5-8
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 3. Pump Laser Output Unstable [Continued]

The numbered paragraphs below are keyed to, and supplement the flowchart for this
chart

[1] ASSUMPTIONS:
• The laser system has been installed in accordance with the installation procedures in Section Six,
Installation.

[2] Ifthe laser system must be retumed directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number
is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized representative.

5-9
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 4. AC ON Indicator Does Not Light

(^Sti

1 •

Refer to the assumptions

on the facing page
[1]

1 '

Other indicators on power NO Verify facility power. YES Check power supply fuse. YES
supply front panel lit? Facility power OK? Fuse OK?
[2]
YES NO NO

'
Correct facility power
Replace fuse.
as required.
[3]

1 '
Contact Coherent service
or an authorized service
representative. ..,

5-10
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 4. AC ON Indicator Does Not Light [Continued]

The numbered paragraphs below are keyed to, and supplement the flowchart for this
chart.

[1] ASSUMPTIONS:
• The laser system has been installed in accordance with the installation procedures in Section Six,
Installation.
• The power cord is connected to an activefecilitypower source and the power switch on the power
supply rear panel is on.

[2] After performing the Tum-Off (Complete Shut down) procedures located in Section Three, discoimect the
laser system from facility power and remove the fiise (Figure 3-2, item 12) using the fiise replacement
procedures located in this section. Verify continuity (closed circuit) between the two fuse terminals.

[3] Refer to theftisereplacement procedures located in this section. Ifthe fault persists, contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

[4] Ifthe laser system must be retumed directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number
is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized representative.

5-11
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 5. Head Interlock Fault

[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figiu^ 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Ensure the lunbiUcal is not strained and that bend radius is 5 inches or greater.

[3] Tiun the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[4] Ifthe fault persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-12
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 6. External Interlock Fault

The laser system will not operate with an open interlock circuit Ensure the extemal
interlock supplied with the system or an user furnished interlock is installed. Refer to the
paragraph titled, Extemal Interlock, located in Section Six, Installation.
[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Ensure the connector that is connected to the EXTERNAL INTERLOCK connector on the power supply
rear panel isfirmlyseated.

[3] If a user interlock is installed, tum the key switch to STANDBY and replace the user interlock circuk with
the extemal mteriock suppUed with the system. Ifthe fauk clears, the user interlock circuit is defective.

Ifthe fault does not clear, verify continuity ofthe interiock coimector.

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[4] Tum the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for qiproximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[5] Ifthe fault persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directiy to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-13
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 7. Power Supply Cover Interlock Fault

It is possible that the top cover of the power supply is not secure, tum the key switch to
STANDBY and verify the power supply top cover is securely closed with all fasteners.
[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fauk display.

Ifthe fault does not clear, a fault message indication will appear on the main menu and on the fault status
menu (Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Tum the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[3] Ifthe fauk persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directiy to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-14
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 8. LBO Temperature Fault

Vanadate Temperature Fault
Etalon Temperature Fault
Diode Temperature Fault
Ti-Sapph Temp. Fault

Note: The above faults relate to the pump laser.

[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fault display

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Verify the set point is the same as on the test sheet. If different, contact Coherent or an authorized repre-
sentative.

[3] Turn the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[4] Ifthe fauk persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directiy to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-15
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 9. Baseplate Temperature Fault

[1] ASSUMPnONS:
• The laser system has been installed in accordance with the installation procedures in Section Six,
Installation.

[2] Press MENU EXH to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a feult message will ^pear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figiu« 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resimie operation.

[3] Ensure that the ambient temperature is not abnormally high and the laser head is not located near a heat
generating source.

If a suitable ambient temperature cannot be maintained or ifthe laser head must be located in a less than
optimum location.

[4] Tum the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[5] If the fauk persists (and the ambient temperature and laser head location meet the above requirements),
contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed directiy to Coherent,
an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized represen-
tative.

5-16
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 10. Diode Heat Sink Temperature Fault (power supply)

[1] Press MENU EXH to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Verify the following:

• The cooling fans are not obstmcted,
• The rear, top, and left side ofthe power supply are not obstmcted,
• The air filter is not clogged (do not remove the airfilterwhen the fans are rotating),
• The power supply is not located near a heat source,
• The ambient temperature is not excessively high.

[3] Tum the power switch on the power supply rear panel to OFF for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to ON.

[4] Ifthe fault persists (and the ambient temperature and power supply location meet the above requirements),
contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed directly to Coherent,
an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized represen-
tative.

5-17
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 11. Over Current Fault

Diode Over Current Fault (pump laser)

(^ start J

Refer to the assumptions

on the facing page
[1]

Set the output power to YES Contact Coherent service

highest sustainable power or an authorized service
Fault active? representative.
[2] [4]
NO

Optimize the LBO

temperature. Spec power YES
is achieved with no ^ u l t
displayed? [3]
NO

Contact Coherent service

or an authorized service
representative.
[4]

5-18
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 11. Over Current Fault [Continued]

Diode Over Current Fault

[1] ASSUMPTIONS:
• The laser system has been installed in accordance with the installation procedures in Section Six,
Installation.

[2] Ifthe fault is displayed, press EXIT to clear the fault.

[3] Procedures for LBO temperature optimization are located in this chapter.

[4] Ifthe laser system must be retumed directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retirni Material Authorization) number
is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized representative.

5-19
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 12. Below Q-Switch Fault

CPU PROM Checksum Fault
CPU PROM Range Fault
Diode Under Voltage Fault
Diode Over Voltage Fault
Diode EEPROM Fault
Diode PROM Range Fault
Diode PROM Checksum Fault
Exceeded CW Power Fault
Head PROM Checksum Fault
Head PROM Range Fault
Laser Head EEPROM Fault
LBO Not Locked at Set Temperature
Lost Modelock Fault
Lost Power Track Fault
Lost UF Lasing Fault
Power Supply EEPROM Fault
Power Supply-Head Mismatch Fault
Shutter State Mismatch

[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fault display.

If the fauk does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fiiuk status menu
(Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Tum the power switch on the power supply rear panel to Off for approximately 20 seconds. Then tum the
switch back to On.

[3] Ifthe fault persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directiy to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-20
 Maintenance and Service

Chart 13. LBO Battery Fault

[1] Press MENU EXIF to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will appear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figure 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

If necessary, perform shutdown using the "LBO SETTING" menu. Do not turn off
the power supply switch on the rear panel (or remove AC power) when an LBO
Battery fault is active.

[2] Ifthe &ult persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directiy to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-21
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Chart 14. PZT Fault

[1] Press MENU EXIT to clear die fault display.

If the fault does not clear, a fault message will ^pear on the main menu and on the fault status menu
(Figiu« 3-3).

Ifthe fault clears, open the shutter and resume operation.

[2] Use the Vitesse Status Menu to verify the PZT is out of range (in range is 0.5 to 4.TV).

[3] Use die Vitesse Status Menu to ensure die PZT is in the AUTO mode. If not, set die PZT(s) to AUTO.
If PZT MANUAL mode is desired, adjust the PZT voltage within range.

[4] Ifthe fault persists, contact Coherent or an authorized representative. Ifthe laser system must be retumed
directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization) number is required. Contact Coherent or
an authorized representative.

5-22
f Maintenance and Service

FAP-I Refer to thefroubleshootingcharts prior to replacing the FAP-I.

Contact Coherent technical support or a local service representative
Replacement to assist in determining the need for FAP-I replacement.

Preliminary Steps With the laser system m "Standby" mode, record the following
and Data system parameters:
a. LBO temperature set point
b. Vanadate temperature set point
c. Etalon temperature set point
d. FAP-I temperature set points
Perform the "Tum-off (Complete Shut Down)" procedure
located in Section Three ofthe Operator's Manual. The asso-
ciated cool-down cycle will take approximately 45 minutes.
Thefrontpanel display will indicate when the cool-down cycle
is complete.

Do not turn off the power switch or disconnect the AC power

input until the cool down cycle is complete.

3. When the LBO cool down cycle is complete, tum off the
power switch on the power supply rear panel.
Do not disconnect the power cord from facility power. The
power supply chassis must be grounded either by the power
cord or a separate ground to avoid ESD.
4. Remove the top cover ofthe power supply.

The FAP-I can be damaged by electro-static discharge (ESD). To

avoid ESD, a personal grounding strap should be used at all
times.

FAP-l Handling The FAP-I can be damaged (elecfro-static discharge, ESD) by

Precautions improper handling. To avoid ESD, a personal groundmg sfrap
should be used at all times. Follow the instmctions that accom-
pany the personal grounding strap.

5-23
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

FAP#1

FAP #2

Figure 5-1. Location of FAP-I Assemblies

2. A shorting clip (Figure 5-2) must be installed between the

anode and cathode terminals to avoid inadvertent ESD before
the leads are disconnectedfromthe tenninals.
3. When disconnecting the fiber optic cable from the FAP-I
assembly, a cap (Figure 5-2) should be installed over both the
FAP-I optical emission port and the end ofthe fiber optic cable
to protect themfromaccidental damage or contamination.

The end ofthe fiber optic cable constitutes an optical surface. Do

not allow the end of the fiber optic cable to contact any surface
including the fingers.

A contaminated optical surface can cause system damage. To

minimize exposure to the environment, the blue protective
plastic cap should be installed whenever the fiber is discon-
nected.

When removing or installing the fiber optic cable, do not allow

the fiber optic cable to rotate while loosening the ferrule
connector.

5-24
f Maintenance and Service

FAP Emission
Port Cap (red)
Fiber Optic
Cap (blue)

Anode/Cathode
Shorting Clip

\.

Figure 5-2. Fiber Optic Cap and FAP-I Anode/Cathode Shorting Clip

Fiber Cable When removing or installing a fiber optic cable, do not allow
Handling the fiber optic cable to rotate while loosening the ferrule
connector (Figure 5-3).
Precautions
The end ofthe fiber optic cable constitutes an optical surface.
Do not allow the end of the fiber optic cable to contact any
surface including the fingers. To minimize exposure to the
environment, the protective plastic cap should be left in place
until a coimection is made and immediately installed over the
fiber end when a connection is disassembled.
Do not allow the end of the fiber optic cable to contact the
diode (FAP-I) assembly or any other surface mcludmg the
fmgers. Failure to do so can damage the optical surface.

Inspect the fiber optical surface to verify there is a need to clean

prior to performing the cleaning procedure.

4. Do not mstall a contaminated or damaged fiber optic cable to

the FAP-I. Doing so will cause a failure of the laser system.
Contamination or damage can be difficult to detect. A magni-
fier will be helpftil during examination.

5-25
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Fenule Cutout

Proper Installation,
Cathode Lead (black)
Vertically
Oriented

Figure 5-3. FAP-I Fiber Optic Connector

Do not use acetone as a cleaning solvent on the fiber optical

surfaces. It will dissolve the matrix which supports the fiber and
permanently destroy the optical transport fiber.

5. The end of the fiber optic cable should be cleaned using the
drop and drag procedure located in the sectiontitled.Cleaning
the Optical Transport Fiber End Face. Do not use any other
procedure or method. If scratches or other damage is noted, the
FAP-I replacement should be terminated and the plastic cap
reinstalled. Contact Coherent or an authorized local represen-
tative.
6. Excessively tight fiber umbilical bends (less than a 5 inch
radius) can cause permanent damage.

FAP-I Removal Install shorting clip (Figure 5-2) between anode and cathode of
FAP-I assembly to be removed. Disconnect the anode and
cathode connectors, see Figure 5-4.
Disconnect the Case/Anode ground jumper from the FAP-I
assembly.

5-26
 Maintenance and Service

1. Anode Coimector 5. Personality Modide, Thermistors,

2. Case/Anode Ground Jumper Head Hours Connector
3. Cathode Connector 6. TEC Coolers Inputs/Outputs Connector
4. Fiber Optic Connector

Figure 5-4. FAP-I Assembly Interface

Wear finger cots (supplied with the replacement FAP-I) while

handling the fiber optic cable.

Discoimect thefiberoptic cable as follows:

a. While firmly holding the fiber optic cable, loosen the
fermle coimector securing the fiber optic cable to the
FAP-l. It may be necessary to use a small wrench to
loosen the connector.
b. Note that the fermle is cutout, see Figure 5-3. Carefiilly
extract the fiber optic cablefix)mthe FAP-I and remove
the fermle. Immediately install the two plastic protective
caps, one over the end ofthe fiber cable and the second
over the FAP-I optical output port (Figure 5-2).
Disconnect the Personality module and TEC connectors from
the FAP-I assemblies by pulling back on the outer sleeve and
then unplugging the connector.
Remove eight screws securing the FAP-I to the heat sink (two
on each side).

5-27
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Due to the thermal grease on the bottom ofthe FAP-I assembly,

it may be necessary to work the old assembly loose by rotating
(wiggling) it back and forth around its center.

6. Remove the FAP-I and clean the thermal grease from the
FAP-I and the mounting surface (alcohol works well for this).

FAP-I Installation l. Remove the new FAP-I from the shippmg container. Leave the
shorting clip and protective plastic cap m place to avoid
possible ESD and contamination damage, respectively. The
new diode should also come v^ith a die-cut plastic masking
sticker, a tube of thermal compound, a plastic spatula for
spreading the compound, a fiber cap, and a finger cot for
handling the fiber.
2. Apply the die-cut template to the bottom of diode to avoid
getting thermal compound in the screw holes in the next step.
Altematively, place masking tape over the edges ofthe FAP-I
baseplate as illusfrated in Figure 5-5.
3. Using the plastic applicator, apply an even coating of thermal
grease to the bottom ofthe FAP-I. The thickness ofthe grease
film should be less than the thickness of the masking t ^ e or
template.
4. Position the FAP-I assembly on the heat sink and reattach the
Case/Anode ground jumper to the FAP-I baseplate.
5. Secure the FAP-I to the heat sink using the remaining seven
mounting screws. Remove any excess thermal grease from
around the assembly.

After connection, the red anode lead should be horizontally

oriented and the black cathode lead should be vertically
oriented. This is illustrated in Figure 5-3 and is done to minimize
the potential of generating/picking-up EM noise.

6. Re-connect the anode and cathode leads. Be sure to reconnect

the case/anode groimd jumper when connecting the anode
lead. Remove the anode/cathode shorting clip.
7. Re-connect the Personality module and TEC connectors, and
reconnect thefiberoptic cable.

5-28
 Maintenance and Service

Figure 5-5. Preparation of the Replacement FAP-I Assembly

8. If disconnected, coimect the power supply power cord to

facility power. If a ground wire was used, remove it.
9. Replace the power supply cover and perform the cold start
tum-on procedure.
10. Verify system parameters.

Cleaning ttie In the event that the optical fransport fiber end face becomes
contaminated, use the procedure outiined below to clean the end
Optical face.
Transport Fiber
End Face

This procedure should not be required as part of normal opera-

tion. If the fiber end face becomes continually contaminated,
contact 1-800-367-7890 or your local Coherent representative.

Hold the fiber by the connector or cable as shown in

Figure 5-6. Place a drop of specfroscopic grade methanol m
the center of a lens tissue. Place the wet portion of the lens
tissue on the optical surface and slowly drag it across the
surface.

5-29
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Figure 5-6. Cleaning the Optical Transport Fiber End Face

Do not use acetone as a cleaning solvent on the fiber optical

surfaces. It will dissolve the matrix which supports the fiber and
permanently destroy the optical transport fiber.

2. Examine the surface of the optic using a magnifier. If streaks

or contamination remain, repeat the process using afreshlens
tissue.
3. Immediately install the end face mto the FAP-I or place a
protective cover over the end face to avoidfiirthercontamina-
tion.

LBO The conversion eflSciency ofthe LBOfrequencydoubler is heavily

dependent upon temperature. A temperature change of 1°C can
Temperature reduce the doubling efficiency by greater than 50%. Coherent's
Optimization experience in dealing with non-critically phase- matched LBO has
shown that it is essential to re-adjust the phase-matehing tempera-
ture. The Wesse software has a menu routine that will automatically
perform LBO temperature optimization to maximize the conversion
efficiency ofthe doubler.

5-30
 Maintenance and Service

The purpose of the LBO temperature optimization is: as the

optimum phase-matching temperature changes in the LBO, the
green output power will decrease for a given diode current. In light
regulation, to compensate for the reduced efficiency the laser will
drive the diodes harder (more current) to produce the desired 532 nm
output. This will reduce the lifetime ofthe diodes.
The LBO Optimization routine should be nm when diode current is
observed to be 10% greater than baseline values.

Performing Optimization:

1. Tum "Vitesse On at a power level that is typically used.

2. Scroll to the LBO Optimization Menu and select the optimiza-
tion routine.
3. Once selected tiie LBO temperature will be increased and
decreased with the software recording the Vitesse Output
Power at each LBO temperature. (This routine is performed
with a constant diode cunent.)
4. Optimum LBO temperature will be determined based on the
\^tesse Output Power vs. LBO Temperature curve.
5. This temperature will be stored as the new LBO temperature
set pomt.
6. LBO optimization requires approximately 20 minutes.

Fuse Criteria for Replacement

Replacement Defective ftise per Chart 1.

Do not turn off the power switch or disconnect the AC power

input until the cool down cycle is complete.

1. Perform the "Tum-off (Complete Shut-Down)" procedures

located in Section Three, Operation. The associated cool-down
cycle will take approximately 45 minutes. The front panel
display will indicate when the cool-down cycle is complete.
2. Tum off the power switch on the power supply rear panel and
disconnect the power cord from facility power.

I 5-31
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

A fuse that repeatedly fails is an indication of a more serious

problem. In this case, the system should be retumed to the
factory. If the laser system or components are being retumed
directly to Coherent, an RMA (Retum Material Authorization)
number is required. Contact Coherent or an authorized repre-
sentative.

3. The location ofthe fiise is shown on Figure 3-2. Insert a small

screwdriver and twist to remove thefiiseholder.
4. Replace the fiise with a lOA, 250V, tune delayfiiseand rem-
stall thefiiseholder. Connect the power supply power cord to
facility j)ower.
5. Perform the "Tum-on (Cold Start)" procedures located in
Section Three, Operation.

Verification of Successful Installation

6. The AC ON indicator on the power supply front panel will
light.

Battery The battery in the power supply is not user replaceable. Contact
Coherent or an authorized representative if the battery requires
Replacement replacement.

Cleaning the The air filter is located on the power supply rear panel as shown on
Figure 3-2.
Air Filter
Criteria for Cleaning
Visual inspection on a periodic basis. Inspect morefrequentlyifthe
operating envfronment is less than ideal.
Clean the airfilterwhen the laser is tumed off.

Removal

Do not tum off the power switch or disconnect the AC power

input until the cool down cycle is complete.

5-32
 Maintenance and Service

Do not remove the air filter whUe the fan is running. The fan is
operational when the key switch is in the STANDBY position.

1. Perform the "Tum-off (Complete Shut-Down)" procedures

located in Section Three, Operation. The associated cool-down
cycle will take approximately 45 minutes. The front panel
display will indicate when the cool-down cycle is complete.
2. Tum off the power switch on the power supply rear panel and
disconnect the power cord from facility power.

Air Filter Removal and Cleaning Procedure

3. Loosen the two retaining nuts (Figure 3-2, item 17) and
remove the air filter.
4. Clean the air fiher by rinsing vsdth water and dry with a blower.
5. Re-install the afr filter and perfonn the "Tum-on (Cold Start)"
procedures located in Section Three, Operation.

Verification of Cleaning
6. Visual inspection.

5-33
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

5-34
 Installation

SECTION SIX: INSTALLATION

Receiving and Inspect shipping containers for signs of rough handling or damage.
Indicate any such signs on the bill of lading. Report any damage
Inspection immediately to the shipping carrier and to Coherent Order Adminis-
tration Department (800-438-6323) or to an authorized representa-
tive.

Retain shipping containers. The containers will be required if

the system is retumed to the factory for service. The containers
may also be needed to support a shipping damage claim.

Four people are recommended to unpack and transport the \^tesse.

The power supply which weighs 75 pounds should be lifted by two
people while the laser head which weighs 87 pounds can be lifted by
the other two. The laser head and power supply are connected by the
umbilical.

External The system will not operate with the interlock open. An interlock
connector is located on the power supply rear panel. The interlock
Interlock status is monitored by the CPU. Ifthe interlock is open, a message
will be displayed on the power supplyfrontpanel.
An extemal interlock circuit can be connected to the laser system
and wired to a door switch to provide additional operating safety.
When the door is opened, the laser will shut down. Press MENU
EXIT key to clear the fault and continue operation.
To mcorporate an extemal safety interlock circuit into the laser
system, perform the following steps:

1. Tum off the laser system. Locate and remove the Interlock
coimector from the back ofthe Verdi power supply. This type
of connector is called a "three pin mini-DIN".
2. Slide the plastic cover off of the connector. Locate the two pins
that have a wfre soldered between them. These are pins 1 and
2. Remove the shorting wire and solder your interlock wires to
these two pins. Make sure the wfres have adequate strain reUef
3. Solder the other ends of the wires to an interlock switch. You
can use many types of switch. The switch must be of a type that

6-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

has its contacts closed when h is safe to operate the laser and
open when it is not safe.
Figure 6-1 shows the wiring diagram for the switch. One wire
runs from pm 1 ofthe connector to the normally open contact
of the switch. The other wfre runs from pin 2 to the common
tenninal ofthe switch. The switch is shown in the open posi-
tion. This is the condition where you do not want the laser
beam to operate.

PI-1 y
PI-O 1 ^^-^

Figure 6-1. Extemal Interlock

The interlock cfrcuit m Verdi operates from a +/-12VDC

cfrcuit. Its cunent is limited to around 1 milliAmpere. For
these ratings a "dry cfrcuit" type switch will give the most reli-
able operation.

Installation Locate the laser head and power supply in a convenient location,
preferably away from heat producmg sources. Ensure the power
supply cooling intake and exhaust (rear, top, and left side) are not
blocked or obstmcted. Ensure the umbilical is not twisted or kinked.
Do not exceed a bend radius of 5 inches.

Excessively tight umbilical bends (less than a 5 inch radius) can

cause permanent damage.

Each locaUty should inspect the power cord and mstall the proper
coimector if necessary. The connector should be installed in a prop-
erly grounded outlet with a maximum of 16 Ampere service for
proper overcurrent and earth fault protection.

1. Connect power supply to facility power.

2. Perform the cold start procedure located in Section Three,
Operation.

6-2
 Installation

CooUng Vrater - It is recommended to coimect the laser head to a source of cooling

water, such as a Thermotek (model number T-251P), or equivalent
Laser Head with the specifications indicated below. Best performance is
achieved when the baseplate temperature is confrolled to 25±1°C.
Failure to connect the cooling water may result in a serious degrada-
tion ofthe output power and bandwidth characteristics.
Cooler Requfrements:
Maximum flow rate 0.4 gal/min.
Maximum pressure 30 psi
Maximum water temperature 25°C
Heat smk thermal removal 5 Watts (typical)

Table 6-1. Utility Requirements

PARAMEI'ER REQUIREMENT

Power Requirements 90 to 250 VACl'lP]

Maximum Current Max. 14.5 Amp @ 90 VAC

Line Frequency 47 to 63 Hz

Cooling Power supply: Air cooled with ambient air.

Laser head: Water cooled.

Note: All specifications and requirements are subject to change without notice.
[1] The power supply is autoranging and will accommodate the full range of input voltages without hardware
changes.
[2] The electrical service should have a main power disconnect switch located in close proximity to the laser. The
main power disconnect switch shall be clearly marked as the disconnecting device for the laser, and shall be
widiin easy reach ofthe operator.

Table 6-2. Environmental Requirements

PARAMETER REQUIREMENT

Operating temperature 15to30°C(59to86°F)

Relative humidity 5 to 95% non condensing

Altitude Sea level to 10,000 feet

6-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Table 6-3. Dimensions and Weights

POWER SUPPLY LASER HEAD UMBILICAL

Length 45.09 cm (15.75 in) 53.02 cm (20.88 in) 3 meters (10 feet)

Widdi 43.51 cm (17.13 in) 33.02 cm (13.0 in)

Height 17.78 cm (7.0 in) 13.89 cm (5.47 m)

Weight 31.5 kg (75 lbs) 43.2 kg (87 lbs) 1.8 kg (4 lbs)

Diameter 3.75 cm (1.5 in)

LASER HEAD - FRONT VIEW lASER HEAD-SIDE VIEW

17.^6 on

1?.07on
K75-)

V • ^ '

mjo-i

i;3jOtri

POWER SUPPLY - FRONT VIEW POWER S l i m y - SIDE VIEW

9
P

Q B •
o
Q
L
o

9 e « e
oo o oo

LJ TT LJ

Figure 6-2. Dimensions

6-4
 Principles of Operation

SECTION SEVEN: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

Vitesse Laser The ^^tesse laser head (Figure 7-1) consists of a Verdi laser, a
PowerTrack minor, and a Verdi Pumped Ultra-Fast (VPUF) laser.
Head The 532 nm output from the Verdi pumps the VPUF.
Optimum pump beam (532 nm) alignment is provided by the PZT
confrolled minor. This pump optimization is known as PowerTrack.
The output from the VPUF is then dfrected, with two steering
mirrors, through the exit port ofthe Laser Head. This allows for the
exact exit beam positioning that is achieved with each Vitesse Laser
System. The Verdi laser head, PowerTrack fimction, VPUF laser
head, and the power supply are described m the following para-
graphs.

VfTESSE LASER HEAD

RBER CABLE

VERDI LASER HEAD

=^4^
OUTPUT

POWERTRACK
IflRROR VPUF LASER HEAD

Figure 7-1. Vitesse Laser Head Schematic

Verdi Laser Head The pump laser resonator is a robust unidfrectional single-frequency
ring cavity design employing intracavity second harmonic genera-
tion to produce multi-watt-level continuous-wave green (532 nm)
visible light output. Permanently aligned within a clean-room manu-
facturing envfronment, the resonator optics are rigidly mounted
upon a proprietary grade Invar^^ slab. These optics are mounted
using Coherent's exclusive PermAhgn'^ manufacturing process,
resulting in a permanentiy aligned resonator stmcture that's
completely immovable-and stable.

7- 1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Coherent-grade Super Invar'^ combines a true zero coefficient of

thermal expansion at room temperature with a high specific heat
capacity, resulting in a resonator superstmcture with extraordinarily
good passive thermal stability. The Invar slab is kinematically
mounted to the laser head base plate, minimizing the influence of
extemal mechanical forces upon the resonator alignment. The
aUgned assembly is housed within a sealed enclosure to isolate
optical componentsfromexposure to envfronmental contaminants.
Unidfrectional oscillation in a ring laser resonator design is essential
to establish and maintam reliable single-frequency operation
through the elimination of spatial hole-burning. In the pump laser,
single-dfrection lasmg is accomplished with an intracavity optical
diode that induces lower losses for light traveling around the ring in
the prefened dfrection in comparison to the counter-propagating
dfrection. The single-frequency selectivity associated with unidfrec-
tional oscillation isfiirtherenhanced with a temperature-stabilized
intracavity etalon. The pump laser resonator also incorporates a
Brewster-plate compensator to eliminate the astigmatism associated
with the use of spherically curved minor surfaces at non-normal
incidence angles.
The pump laser resonator can be categorized as an "end-pumped"
design, in which the pump light from the diode bar propagates
collinear to the optical axis within the gain medium. Carefixl control
ofthe spatial overlap between the mode volume defined by the reso-
nator geometry and the actively pumped volume ofthe gain medium
constrains laser oscillation to the lowest-order transverse mode
(TEMoo mode operation). Transverse mode confrol is consequentiy
achieved without the need for "hard" apertures that can infroduce
many undesirable characteristics, including beam distortions
through dif&action effects, lowered efficiency, and lower pump-
diode lifetimes.

Verdi Gain The pump laser gain medium is Nd:YV04 (Neodymium: Yttrium
Medium Orthovanadate), commonly refened to as Vanadate. Vanadate's high
absorption coefficient at the 808 nm pump wavelength (a standard
wavelength for high powered diodes for laser pumping) and large
stimulated emission cross section near 1064 nm make it an ideal
choice for the pump laser.
Among Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Nd:YV04 as laser materials,
Nd:YV04 has the highest absorption coefficient which allows a
shorter crystal length. In addition, Nd:YV04 has the highest stimu-
lated emission cross section, almost four times larger than Nd:YAG
Vanadate also maintains a strong single-line emission around
1064 nm.

7-2
 Principles of Operation

Green
Output

Figure 7-2. Verdi Laser Head Optical Schematic

Vanadate is a uniaxial material that produces a polarized laser

output, thus avoiding undesirable thermally induced bfrefiingence.
Optical properties are dependent on crystallographic dfrection.
Material properties like thermal conductivity, index of refiaction and
thermal expansion are different in dfrections parallel to the crystal-
lographic axis and perpendicular to it. This anisotropy heavily
impacts the optical design.

Verdi Thermal An optically-pumped laser rod acts as a lens inside the laser reso-
Focusing nator. The thermal gradient causes strain in the rod, which also
Characteristics contributes to focusing.
In Nd:YV04, for light polarized perpendicular to the optical axis,
there are two focal lengths. One value for rays in a plane contaming
the optical axis and another value for rays m the perpendicular plane.
For light polarized parallel to the optical axis, there are two focal
lengths. The four values of focal length are all different. The pump
laser is polarized parallel to the optical axis. The material is said to
show astigmatism when, for a given polarization, there are two focal
lengths.
In the pump laser, the Vanadate is temperature regulated in a config-
uration that minimizes thermal focusing, therefore reducing the
astigmatism.

7-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Verdi Second LBO is used as the second harmonic generator. LBO takes advan-
Harmonic tage of higher intracavity powers. Intracavity power is greater than
output power by a factor of 1/T where T = transmission of output
Generator coupler. LBO crystal acts like an output coupler. The cavity uses two
high reflectors to reach highestfimdamentalinfracavity power.
The advantages of LBO are:
• Low absorption across the visible and infrared.
• High damage threshold.
• Non-hygroscopic
LBO is a Type I, non-critical phase matching medium. The condi-
tion of phase matching occurs when the second harmonic and fimda-
mental travel through the crystal at the same velocity. In Type I
phase matching, the fimdamental propagates as an e-ray and is
perpendicular to the second harmonic which is an 0-ray.

Verdi-90° Phase Thefimdamentalwavelength propagates 90° to the optic axis. In this

Matching case, phase matching can be accomplished by temperature tuning.
Thefimdamentalwavelength of LBO at 1064 nm is phase matched
with the second harmonic wavelength of 532 nm at a crystal temper-
ature of approximately 148°C. The advantages are:
• No dependence of conversion efficiency on beam divergence.
• No double reflection occurs. Thefimdamentalwon't walk off
the second harmonic and longer crystals can be used to
increase efficiency.

EXAMPLE:
y ^ [l2a> = n©
90° phase matcfiing = non-critical phase matching

(plots of the index of refraction

•
in various directions in the
crystal) no)

Figure 7-3. Index ofRefraction Surfaces (Verdi)

7-4
 Principles of Operation

temp.tune

direction of beam
propagation

Figure 7-4. 90° Phase Matching (Verdi)

LBO Temperature Temperature confrol ofthe LBO is critical since the optical coatings
cannot tolerate rapid temperature changes. The LBO is heated to a
temperature of approximately 148°C under confrol ofthe main CPU.
This temperature is maintained as long as the power switch on the
rear ofthe power supply is set to On. The conect procedure for shut-
ting down the pump laser is described in Section Three, Operation.

The power switch on the rear of the power supply should be left
on for approximately 45 minutes after the LBO cool-down has
been initiated to avoid unnecessary use of the internal battery.

A slow heater ramp-up cycle is uiitiated when the power switch is

tumed on. A slow cool down cycle is executed when the cool down
cycle is activated m the "LBO Settings" menu. The laser diodes will
not be tumed on until the LBO reaches the proper operating temper-
ature. Refer to the tum-on and tum-off procedures in Section Three,
Operation.
The power supply has a battery backup cfrcuit that executes a slow,
CPU confrolled cool down procedure in the event of a sudden AC
power loss.
The power switch on the power supply rear panel should not be used
to shut the system down without performing the shutdown proce-
dure via the power supply display. Doing so will cause the battery to
be used (rather than AC power) for LBO cool-down. The battery is
re-chargeable but eventually will have to be replaced. The battery is
charged when AC power is applied to the power supply.

7-5
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

PowerTrack The PowerTrackfimctionactively maintains optimum pump beam

alignment into the VPUF cavity serving to minimizefluctuationsin
the Ultrafast output power. PowerTrack works as follows:
Piezo Electric Transducer driven levers alter the tilt, and hence
pointing, ofthe PowerTrack minor shown m Figure 7-1. In StandBy,
there is no voltage provided to the levers. Once the system is keyed
to the "Laser On" position, the PZT confroUer provides voltage to
these levers which fimctionally begins a Raster Scanning of the
minor in the X and Y dfrections (large changes m PZT voltage and
hence pump beam poshion).
This Raster Scanning can be observed as large changes in the PZTx
and PZTy voltages in the PZT Confrol submenu. Once a preset
threshold level of CW lasing is achieved the Raster Scan is switched
to a smaller amplitude Dither Scan (smaller changes in PZT voltage
and hence pump beam position).
The Dither scan is centered about the Raster Scan voltages found to
achieve the threshold level of CW lasing. System elecfronics then
distinguish increases in power with changes in PZT voltage (pump
beam alignment). This allows the Dither Scan to fine tune the PZT
voltage Ul the dfrection needed for optimum pump beam ahgnment.

VPUF Laser The VPUF is an Ultrafast cavity that uses Ti:Sapphfre as the gain
medium. The proprietary Negative Dispersion Mirrors (NDM)
Head provide the negative dispersion. Multiple reflections from the
NDMs provide the total negative dispersion compensation that is
requfred to produce sub-100 femtosecond pulses. Modelocking is
obtained using the Ken-Lens Modelocking (KLM) technique with
an automatic starter triggering the initiation of modelocking. The
VPUF is built on an mvar plate for mechanical sfrength and stability
and is hermetically sealed to reduce envfronmental contamination.

Kerr Lens The Vitesse cavity has been designed so that the beam diameter
Modelocldng within the cavity changes by a small amoimt as the mtensity of the
light changes. More specifically, the beam diameter at certain loca-
tions within the cavity is large when the laser is operating continu-
ously (CW) but becomes smaller when the laser is producing high
intensity modelocked pulses.
A slit is placed at the appropriate location so that the lai^e diameter
laser beam associated with continuous wave operation will be inter-
mpted at its edges. A high intensity pulse, however, will pass iinin-
termpted through the slit, since this beam is smaller. Therefore,
higher intensity beams will experience less loss than lower intensity
beams. Refer to Figure 7-6.

7-6
 Principles of Operation

Pump

Output
NDM

Figure 7-5. VPUF Laser Head Schematic

The modelocking device in Wesse consists of two parts.

1. A material which decreases the laser beam size m the presence

of high intensity pulses.
2. The slh which infroduces losses for large beams.
The properties of light passing through any material depend, among
other things on a property refened to as the index of refiaction, or n.
The higher n, the lower the velocity of light. Ifthe velocity of light
is different for different parts ofthe light beam, the beam will bend
or otherwise be reshaped, since different parts ofthe beam are trav-
elling at different speeds. This is known as refiaction. A common
refiective element is the lens (e.g., a biconvex lens), which is thicker
m the middle than at the edges, so that the center of the beam is
slowed down more than the edges. This causes the light to bend
toward the center. In the case ofthe lens, the index is the same every-
where; however, since there is more glass in the middle than the
edges, the edges are slowed down less. A lens can also be formed by
making the mdex of refiaction at the center of a material larger than
the index at the edges. This will also bend light and is refened to as
a gradient mdex lens.
The most common way to change the index of a material is to change
its chemical composition. However in Vitesse, the index is changed
by the light itself. At sufficiently high intensity, the electric fields
associated with the light can actually distort the atoms ofthe mate-
rial and alter its index. This effect is known as the optical Ken effect.

7-7
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

CW Beam Cross Section Modelocked Beam

Cross Section

Slit open — no loss Slit adjusted for

for either modelocking modelocking —
orCW. more loss for CW.

A. BEAM CROSS SECTION

Aperture CW beam

B. BEAM GEOMETRY

Figure 7-6. Kerr Lens Modelocking

7-8
 Principles of Operation

Since the beam is less intense at its edges as compared to the center,
the index at the center will be different, and a gradient index lens is
formed. Since it is the optical Ken effect which alters the index, the
lens thus formed is refened to as a Ken lens. The Ken lens is formed
only when the intensity ofthe light is exfremely high. The instanta-
neous intensity of modelocked light pulses is sufficient to form this
lens, while the lower intensity of the laser operating CW is not.
Hence the lens is only formed upon the arrival of a modelocked
pulse. It is this lens which nanows the laser beam and, consequently,
a mechanism has now been created which narrows the beam only for
modelocked pulses. The addition of a slit to allow only nanow
beams to pass unattenuated now forms the complete system which
provides the real driving force for modelocking.

The Starting Normally, the laser will operate in the CW mode with minor power
fluctuations none of which cause, even mstantaneously, powers
Mechanism which are sufficiently high to cause a Ken lens to form. Hence, some
mechanism must be infroduced to create sufficiently high peak
powers. By changmg the cavity length at the proper speed, very high
powerfluctuationscan be induced. Once the instantaneous power in
one of thesefluctuationsbecomes sufficientiy high, a Ken lens is
formed, the beam is nanowed and can pass unattenuated through the
slit. This pulse will become amplified and become the dominant
pulse which will form the modelocked output.
Once a larger number of modes are lasing, high peak intensities are
produced to initiate Ken lens formation and the modelocking
process begins.
It is important to mention that once modelocking starts, it will
continue without the need of the starting mechanism. The rapid
length variation can be halted.
The length of the cavity is changed by increasing the distance
between the minors. This is accomplished by mounting the high
reflector end minor on a solenoid driven spring.

Group Velocity An ultrashort laser pulse consists of a distribution of wavelengths.

Dispersion The spectral width ofthe distribution is inversely proportional to the
temporal length of the pulse. In addition, to produce a short laser
pulse the timing, or phase, between each component wavelength
must be precisely conect. It can be demonstrated that an ultrashort
pulse will become temporally longer after it has passed through
optical glass. This is because the index of refiaction, and hence the
speed of light in the material, depends nonlinearly on the wave-
length.

7-9
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Group velocity dispersion causes temporal reshaping of wave

packets—^this can be a broadening or a shortening sh^e change
depending upon the initial conditions (chirp) of the wave packet
spectrum. The term "chirp" means the specfral components of the
pulse have become out of phase. Referring to Figure 7-7, we see that
a pulse is said to be poshively chirped if its instantaneous firequency
increasesfromleading edge to trailing edge. This is the type of chirp
which will normally be imparted to a pulse after traversing "normal"
materials. Its blue spectral components will be retarded with respect
to the red, creating a systematic variation of phase with respect to
wavelength. Similarly, a pulse is said to be negatively chirped if its
red specfral components have been retarded with respect to the blue
as seen in Figure 7-7.

••...#^^M" H L v l , , _ —II

leading edge

A. NEGATIVE CHIRP — BLUE FREQUENCY COMPONENTS LEAD THE REDS

(RESULTS FROM -GVD)

••.-»<4nll
"blues"

leading edge

B. POSITIVE CHIRP — RED FREQUENCY COMPONENTS LEAD THE BLUES

(RESULTS FROM +GVD)

Figure 7-7. Group Velocity Dispersion

Self Phase In addition to the phenomena afready described (GVD), pulses in

ultrafast lasers are also affected by self-phase modulation (SPM).
Modulation Intense Ught pulses propagating through dense media create a local
index of refraction that is dependent on the light field intensity. This
phenomenon is known as the optical Ken Effect. A result of the
optical Ken effect is that the leading and trailing edges ofthe pulse
7- 10
 Principles of Operation

will produce different (i.e., less) change in the index of refraction

than the center ofthe pulse where the intensity is highest. This will
lead to parts of the pulse moving faster, and thus altering the pulse
shape. Frequency components propagating through the material are
thus phase shifted differently depending upon when they occur in
the pulse. This phenomena actually generates newfrequencies(or
eliminates old ones depending upon the initial conditions). These
frequency components are inherentiy chirped and can broaden the
pulse unless the chirp is compensated. It can be shown that chirp
which results from SPM has the same sign (positive) of the chirp
infroduced through normal material GVD.

Dispersion Self-Phase Modulation and GVD arise from the many dispersive
elements within a laser cavity. Therefore, each time the pulse
Compensation traverses the cavity a slight chirp, or frequency dependent phase
shift, is imparted from these dispersive elements. To coimter this
chirp, a method must be employed that allows the various frequency
components of the modelocked pulse to reestablish phase coher-
ence. Without compensation, the cumulative effect of even a very
small chfrp per round trip can create broadening and pulse substmc-
ture. An element or system of elements possesing a net negative
GVD is thus requfred to produce diffraction limited pulses.

Negative The Group Velocity Dispersion compensation scheme ofthe Vitesse

operates as follows. A modelocked pulse is formed and chirped by
Dispersion self-phase modulation and GVD in the various intracavity compo-
Mirrors nents ofthe laser. The chirped pulse enters NDM minor 1 (modeled
by a simple F-P interferometer in Figure 7-8) where it undergoes
multiple reflections from the high-reflectance rear surface. If the
thickness of the interferometer is kept small the fransit time of the
interferometer will be significantly less than the initial pulse width
allowing for interference between the successively reflected waves.
It can be shown that:

(1 - r )sinco/o
tan (j) = 2
2 r - ( l +r )cos(o/o
Where:
y^ = reflectivity from front surface of etalon
to = transit time through etalon
(j) = phase shift
(0 = angular frequency

7-11
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Because the interferometer is thin (several wavelengths), the change

in transit time as afimctionof wavelength is negligible. Therefore,
the phase delay or shift can be reduced to a function offrequencyor
wavelength. Because the group or phase delay is wavelength depen-
dent, it is possible to show that the second derivative ofthis function
provides the necessary negative Group Velocity Dispersion.

-2^0 (1 - ^ )r sin cat,0

2 2
(1 -i-r - 2 r cos (oto)

PHASE SHIFTED
EXIT BEAM

ENTERING BEAM
HIGH REFLECTIVE
REAR SURFACE

Figure 7-8. GVD Compensation

The technique of using a Gfres-Toumois Interferometer to provide

negative Group Velocity Dispersion is commonly used in
pico-second ulfrafast laser systems. In these pico-second systems
the wavelength range or spectral width is smaller than that of femp-
tosecond pulses. Therefore, m order to make the Vitesse NGVD
minors work over the expanded femptosecond bandwidth a novel
design of the dielectric minor was requfred to provide wavelength
dependent dispersion over a 150 nm bandwidth. These mirrors use
multiple-layer dielectric coatings whose proprietary stmcture has
been designed to produce exfremely high reflectances (>99.95%)
and the necessary wavelength dependent phase delays. By using

7-12
 Principles of Operation

four NDM minors in the optical cavity sufficient GVD compensa-

tion can be attained to bring the net cavity GVD close to zero.
Figure 7-8 shows only one minor for simplicity.

Power Supply The power supply houses several cfrcuit boards, an intemal
commercial power supply, two laser diode assemblies, and cooling
fans. The power supply provides the following functions for the
pump laser:
• Provides a light source (pump) for the gain medium in the laser
head cavity via afiberoptic m the umbilical. Light is generated
by the laser diode assembly as described in the next paragraph.
• Provides a user interface. The user interface consists of the
front and rear panel controls and indicators.
• Confrols and monitors the servo loops in the laser. The confrols
and servo loops are:
• TEC loops for Vanadate, Etalon, and diodes
• LBO heater (monitor and confrol)
• Light loop
• Heat sink (monitor and control)
• Baseplate temperature (monitor only)
• Provides a source of DC voltage for all system functions. The
intemal power supply provides +48 VDC which is distributed
to the laser.

Laser Diode The hermetically sealed laser diode assembly contains a FAP-F™
Assembly (fiber anay package-integrated), a cfrcuit board with an EEPROM,
and a heat sink sensor.

Note that the laser diode assembly is capable of emitting laser

light when the fiber optic cable is disconnected. Do not look into
the output of the laser diode assembly.

The FAP-I consists of a laser diode bar with collection and symme-
trizing optics mounted within an envfronmentally sealed package.
The FAP-I efficiently converts a low-voltage, high-cunent electrical
power into a cfrcularly-symmetric, multi-mode laser beam. The
FAP-I is designed to operate under contmuous wave (CW) operatmg

7-13
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

conditions at high, multi-watt output powers for thousands of hours.

Waste heatfromthe laser diode bar is transfened through the FAP-I
base to a heat sink.
The FAP-I contains a laser diode bar which efficiently converts elec-
trical energy into optical laser energy. The laser diode bar consists of
a multiplicity of independent emitters spaced linearly along a single
semiconductor substrate. The output of each of these emitters is
c^tured by a collecting optical fiber. This linear array of fibers in
then bundled into a cfrcularly symmetric output.
At low drive currents, the laser diode bar will have insufficient gain
to lase. In this operating regime, some light, originating from spon-
taneous emission, wiU be visible. As the drive cunent is increased,
the laser diode bar will reach threshold, where it will have sufficient
gain to lase. This drive cunent is the threshold cunent. Further
increases in cunent wiU cause a linear increase in output optical
power up to the specified operating power.
In general, semiconductor devices perform better at lower operating
temperatures. The optical-to-electrical conversion efficiency is
higher and the device lifetime is longer. It is desirable to operate the
FAP-I at low temperatures (consistent with observmg the specified
operating temperature limits) to improve performance and lifetime.
The precise semiconductor operating wavelength is also a function
of operating temperature. The semiconductor operating temperature
is in tum a function of the operating current and case temperature.
Confrol ofthetemperatureis important to bring the wavelengths of
the diodes within the absorption window of Vanadate.

Diode/Heat Sinic The laser diode assembly which houses the FAP-I is mounted on a
Temperature finned heat sink located in the power supply. The temperature ofthe
diode bars located within the FAP-I is controlled by a TEC. Waste
heatfix)mthe diode bars is transfened to the passive heat sink.
The heat sink is cooled by fans which exhausts waste heat from the
laser diode assembly to the outside of the power supply. Incoming
ambient afr isfilteredby an afr filter which can be cleaned periodi-
cally depending on the envfronment.
The laser diodes have an operating temperature range of 5.0°C to
35°C.

7-14
 Packing Procedure

PACKING PROCEDURE

The following is the factory recommended packing procedure for

the Vitesse laser system. This procedure should be followed if the
Vitesse system is to be shipped to another location after initial instal-
lation.
The 'Vitesse laser system requfres one shipping crate. Table A-1
gives a complete Usting of the contents of the shipping crate when
the system is shipped from Coherent.
The Vitesse system crate consists of a single molded foam compart-
ment. Figure A-1 illustrates the proper placement of each of the
components listed in Table A-1. Before placmg the laser head and
power supply into the crate, to prevent ESD damage, the compart-
ment should be lined with anti-static material. Enough anti-static
material should be used so that after the crate is completely packed,
the excess can be folded over to cover the top ofthe power supply,
see Figure A-2.
Note that the system documentation and the accessories package
should be placed in the cut-out in the top of the foam liner (see
Figure A-3).

Table A-1. Vitesse Shipping Crate Contents

1. Laser Head
2. Power Supply

3. Operator's Manual
4. Final Test Data Sheet
5. System Accessories Package
a. 1/4 inch Water Tubing
b. Tubing Connectors
c. Stable Table Clamps (3x)
6. Maintenance Kit
a. System Fuses (2x)
b. Diode Shorting Clips (2x)
c. Fiber Optic Cable End Caps (2x)
d. Diode Fiber Connector End Caps (2x)
e. Extemal Interlock Plug, Shorted
f Extemal Interlock Plug, Disassembled.

A-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

t,r^^-^-Tr

ii

(I>
iMHiLI .1 I l|.»U»ljni UlH" l*Ull„JI'.'l.'U." ^»^JT^

^^;,,.. '^^'^^s^gCBfei^^S

1. Laser Head 2. Power Supply

3. Static Wrap Liner

Figure A-1. Packed Vitesse Shipping Crate

;j.-^-;rrtfi-^»~ - -

Rl^^l^j'''?^^,:

i;:;s5^:i>'xj.'

fwtm *te>i!teftl!«Si^rVv;>-. -5Kiit*-kti*;iVvv,^;;^iLi4afei&i^^

Figure A-2. Packed Vitesse Crate with Anti-Static folded over

A-2
 Packing Procedure

Three people are recommended when packing the Wesse. The laser
head and power supply are connected by the umbilical. To prevent
damage to thefiberoptic delivery cables running between the head
and the power supply, the umbilical should be wound loosely m the
foam cutout as iUustrated in Figure A-1.

Excessively tight fiber bends (less than a 5 inch radius) can

cause permanent damage to the fiber optic cables.

Place the Wesse in the shipping crate as follows:

1. Two people should place the power supply in the cutout as

shown in Figure A-1.
2. Two people should carry the laser head clockwise around the
shipping container while the thfrd person guides the umbilical
onto the cutout as shown in Figure A-1.
3. Place the laser head into the cutout.
4. Fold the excess anti-static material over the top ofthe system.
Once all components are placed into the shipping crate the top foam
should be positioned. After positioning the top foam, the Vitesse
Maintenance Kit should be placed in the outer cutout before the crate
lid is attached, see Figure A-3.

Figure A-3. Location ofPacked Vitesse Maintenance Kit

A-3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

A-4
 Parts List

PARTS LIST

DESCRIPTION PART NUMBER

Fuse 5110-0072

Shipping Crate (System) 0171-834-00

Clamps 0172-826-00

B-1
"^'^^'^ laser Operator's
Manual

B-2
 Warranty

WARRANTY

Coherent, Inc. warrants the ^^tesse laser systems to the original

purchaser (the Buyer) only, that the laser system, that is the subject
ofthis sale, (a) conforms to Coherent's pubUshed specifications and
(b) isfreefromdefects in materials and workmanship.
Laser systems are warranted to conform to Coherent's pubUshed
specifications and to befreefromdefects in materials and workman-
ship for a period of 12 months or 5000 hours of operation, which-
ever occurs first.

Responsibilities The buyer is responsible for providing the appropriate utilities and
an operatuig envfronment as outlined m the product literature.
of the Buyer Damage to the laser system caused by failure of buyer's utilities or
failure to maintam an appropriate operating envfronment, is solely
the responsibility ofthe buyer and is specifically excludedfromany
warranty, warranty extension, or service agreement.
The Buyer is responsible for prompt notification to Coherent of any
claims made under wananty. In no event will Coherent be respon-
sible for warranty claims made later than seven (7) days after the
expiration of wananty.

Limitations of The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from:
Vvarranty Components and accessories manufactured by companies,
other than Coherent, which have separate wananties.
Improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer.
Buyer-supplied interfacing,
Operation outside the envfronmental specifications of the
product,
Unauthorized modification or misuse,
Improper site preparation and maintenance, or
Opening the pump laser head housing.
Coherent assumes no liability for customer-supplied material. The
obligations of Coherent are limited to repairing or replacing, without
charge, equipment which proves to be defective during the wananty
period. Replacement sub-assemblies may contain reconditioned

C-1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

parts. Repafred or replaced parts are wananted for the duration of

the original warranty period only. The warranty on parts purchased
after expfration of system warranty is ninety (90) days. Our warranty
does not cover damage due to misuse, negligence or accidents, or
damage due to installations, repairs or adjustments not specifically
authorized by Coherent.
Warranty applies only to the original purchaser at the initial mstalla-
tion point in the country of purchase, unless otherwise specified in
the sales contract. Warranty is transferable to another location or to
another customer only by special agreement which will include
additional inspection or instaUation at the new site. Coherent
disclaims any responsibility to provide product warranty, technical
or service support to a customer that acqufres products from
someone other than Coherent or an authorized representative.
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, WHETHER WRITTEN, ORAL OR IMPLIED,
AND DOES NOT COVER INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUEN-
TIAL LOSS. COHERENT SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE
IMPLIED WARPL\NTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

C-2
 Glossary

GLOSSARY

°c Degrees centigrade or Celsius

°F Degrees Fahrenheit
M Microns
^rad Microradian(s)
^sec Microsecond(s)
l/e2 Beam diameter parameter

AC Altemating current
Amp Amperes

CDRH Center for Devices and Radiological

CFR Code of Federal Regidation
cm Centimeter(s)

DC Direct current

EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable r

EMC Electromagnetic Compliance

FAP-r™ Fiber array package-integrated

FSR Free spectral range

I/O Input/output

kg Kilogram(s)

LBO Lithium Triborate, LiB305

LD Laser diode
LED Light emitting diode
LVD Low Voltage Directive

m Meter(s)
mAmp Milliampere(s)
MHz Megahertz
mm Millimeter(s)
mrad Milliradian(s)
msec Millisecond(s)
mV Millivolt(s)
mW Milliwatt(s)

NDM Negative dispesive mirror

Nd:YV04 Neodymium: Yttrium Orthovanadate
nm Nanometer(s)

OEM Original equipment manufacturer

rms Root mean square

TEC Thermo-electric cooler

Glossary - 1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual
electromagnetic (cross-sectional laser beam mode)
TEM Transverse

VAC Volts, alternating current

VDC Volts, direct current

W Watt(s)

Glossary - 2
 Index

INDEX

Extemal computer control

AC ON indicator does not light 5-10 Interface to the Verdi 4-1
Air filter 3-8, 3-9 Responsefi-omLaser after Receiving
Analog controller 2-3 Instmction 4-2
RS-232 command language 4-1
B RS-232 Commands 4-5, 4-6
Baseplate temperature fault 5-16 Extemal interlock 6-1
Battery replacement 5-32 Extemal interlock fault 5-13
Beam
Cross section 7-8
Geometry 7-8 FAP-l replacement
FAP-I installation 5-28
C Fault handling 3-16
CDRH compliance Fault messages 5-1
Beam attenuator 1-3 Fuse replacement 5-31
Laser classification 1-2
Laser radiation emission indicators 1 -3 G
Operating controls 1-3 Gain mediiun 7-2
Protective housing 1-3 Thermal focusing characteristics 7-3
Chirp Group velocity dispersion 7-9, 7-10
Negative, blue fi-equency 7-10
H
Positive, red fi^equency 7-10
Head interlock fault 5-12
Cleaning the air filter 5-32
Computer 4-1 I
Computer control (see extemal computer control) Index of refiBction surfaces 7-4
Controls and indicators Installation 7-13
Power supply 3-8 Dimensions and weights 6-4
Controls, indicators, and features 3-6 Environmental requirements 6-3
Laser head features 3-6 Extemal interlock 6-1
Power supply 3-8 Receiving and inspection 6-1
Utility requirements 6-3
D
Instmction set 4-4
Digital controller
Instmction syntax for RS-232 communication 4-1
Interface connectors 3-8
Interface to The Verdi 4-1
Dimensions
Interlock 6-1
Empty shipping crates 6-4
Laser head (diagram) 6-4 K
Diode EEPROM fault 5-20 Key switch 3-9
Diode over current fault 5-18
Diode over voltage fault 5-20
Diode temperature fault 5-15 Laser diode assembly 7-13
Diode under voltage fault 5-20 Laser does not start 5-4
Diode/heat sink temperature 7-14 Laser head 2-2
Dimensions (diagram) 6-4
E EEPROM fault 5-20
Environmental requirements Features 3-6
Altimde 6-3 Laser head dimensions (diagram) 6-4
Operating temperature 6-3 Laser head features 3-6
Relative humidity 6-3 Laser output unstable 5-8
Etalon Laser Safety (see Safety)
Temperature fault 5-15 LBO

Index - 1
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Battery fault 5-20, 5-21, 5-22 Command language 4-1

Not locked at set temperature 5-20 ECHO mode 4-2
Temperatiu-e 7-5 PROMPT mode 4-2
Temperature fault 5-15 Commands 4-5, 4-6
Temperature optimization 5-30 Instmction syntax communications 4-1
Line voltage requirements 6-3 Interface connection 4-3
Pin configuration 4-4
M
Port configuration 4-3
Maintenance and service 5-1 Port description 4-3
Menu displays 3-10
Modelock S
Origin ofthe term 7-9 Safety 1-1
Modulation Features and compliance to govemment
Self phase 7-10 requirements 1-2
Features and lal)els, location of 1-5
O
Labels, location of 1-3
Operation 3-1
Optical Safety 1-1
Fault handling 3-16
Optical safety 1-1
Laser head features 3-6
Safety labels, location of 1-3
Menu displays 3-10
Saturable absorber system 7-6, 7-8
Operating States 3-2
Second harmonic generator
Power supply 3-8
90° phase matching 7-4
Tum-off (Complete shut-down) 3-4
Self phase modulation 7-10
Tum-off (Daily use) 3-3
Setting the baud rate 4-3
Tum-on (Cold start) 3-1
Shipping crates
Tum-on (Daily warm-start) 3-3
Dimensions and weights 6-4
Optical schematic 2-2, 2-3
Shutter state mismatch 5-20
Over current fault 5-18
Specifications 2-4
P Starter
Power cord 3-9 Mechaiusm 7-9
Power supply 7-13 System description 2-1
Controls and indicators 3-8 T
EEPROM fault 5-20
Thermal management
Head mismatch fault 5-20
Diode/heat sink temperature 7-14
Interlock fault 5-14
LBO temperature 7-5
Power supply controls and indicators 3-8
Troubleshooting
Power Supply Controls and Indicators - Front
AC ON indicator does not light 5-10
Panel 3-8 Baseplate temperature fault 5-16
Principles of operation Battery replacement 5-32
Gain medium 7-2 Cleaning the air filter 5-32
Index of refiaction surfaces 7-4 Diode EEPROM fault 5-20
Laser diode assembly 7-13 Diode over current fault 5-18
Power supply 7-13 Diode over voltage fault 5-20
Second harmonic generator 7-4 Diode temperature fault 5-15
Pulse Diode under voltage fault 5-20
Transmission of ultrashort pulses of light through Etalon temperature fault 5-15
glass 7-9 Extemal interiock fault 5-13
R Fault messages 5-1
Radiated emission compliance 1-4 Fuse replacement 5-31
Receiving and inspection 6-1 Head interiock fault 5-12
Red frequency Laser does not start 5-4
Positive chirp 7-10 Laser head EEPROM fault 5-20
Riser/heat sink Laser output imstable 5-8
(Power supply) temperature fault 5-17 LBO battery fault 5-20, 5-21, 5-22
RS-232 LBO not locked at set temperature 5-20

Index - 2
 Index

LBO temperature fault 5-15 U

LBO temperature optimization 5-30 Utility requirements 6-3
No light output 5-4, 5-6 Cooling 6-3
Over current fauk 5-18 Maximum current 6-3
Power supply EEPROM fault 5-20 Power requirements 6-3
Power supply interlock fault 5-14
Power supply-head mismatch fault 5-20 V
Riser/heat sink temperature fault 5-17 Vanadate temperature fault 5-15
Shutter state mismatch 5-20 W
Vanadate temperature fault 5-15 Weight
Tum-off (see Operation) Empty shipping crates 6-4
Tum-on 3-1, 3-3, 3-4
Tum-on (see Operation)

Index - 3
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual

Index - 4
Vitesse Laser Operator's Manual
© Coherent, Inc. 09/2002, Printed in the U.S.A.
Part No OJ 72-330-00, Rev AA
 iiniitxn
QUALITY REPORT
EVO-15 5 kHz 110 V EVO REPORT n :

S/0#; 137815 QABY ADRIAN ESTEBAN

U.C. San Diego ENG SAM SUN
[ LIBRA : AMP QA # W/0#: 1060662 STATION # #4

COMPONENT S/N TQC S/V^ MANUAL LABELS P/V; N/A j P/V MET •

LASER HEAD S/N : 1060662AC-p1 i 0 AA 1060662AC-01

POWER SUPPLY: CV072400016~| 0 CV072400016
LAPTOP S/N : HKWPWC1 I 0 4.1.6 HKWPWC1
CHILLER S/N : 778125-02 J 0 778125-02
DIODE HD #1 S/N : 1065212E02 ' 0
DIODE #1 56837
DIODE # 2 : 56795
DIODE #3 : 56843
ROD #1 S/N : Y16011
0 72 hr RUN 0 RUN TQC PUMP POWER
DIODE HD n S/N : IRW AMPS GR W
DIODE # 4 :
n RUN MIN : ® 22.8
RUNA\AX: 17.14 ® 22.8
DIODE # 5 : 37.5:: N/A 0
RUN AVE : 16.89 STAB 1.51%
DIODE #6 : 45: 0
ROD n S/N : # OF RUNS : hrs 72 52.5: 0
D 60:
LBO HEATER S/N 1066392A-2 0_
XTAL S/N : 195
0 67.5: _._ 0_
75:: 0 0
Q-SW#1 : 113539
82.5:: 0
Q-SW n :
90:: 0 0
97.5: 0
15/30POWER(SiQ.A. Q.A.
105: 0
5 kHz Hz ' •

SYS HRS @ QA : 29 112.5: 0

15 A PWR 3.8
P/I Curve 120: 0
20 A PWR 12 POWER METER S/N: 95J01
Ranking: 135: 0
MAX PWR 17.5 LAST CAL DATE: 8/17/2007
150: ' 0 "
- - • •

^9-3 J •
_1?_. NCMR#: N/A 165: 0
kHz 5 180: 0
•
us 2.5 CDRH CHECKLIST 195: 0
- • • -

LBO temp 324 0 ALL CDRH LABELS PRESENT 210: 0 "

kHzP/W 544 0 PASSED STAB RUN 225: 0
1
0 SYSTEM COSMETICALLY ACCEPTABLE 240: 0
CHILLER THMP 25 .. _._
0 LASER PERFORMS TO SPEC 270: 0
75 / 90 POWER ® Q.A. 0 CHILLER WATER FLOW CHECK 300: 0
POWER CORR LBO 0 HEAD / SKINS INTERLOCK CHECK 330:; 1 0
N/A ' 0 KEYSWITCH NOT REMOVABLE WHEN ON 360:: • i ' 1 0
0 EMISSION INDICATION 390: 0
.
1 0 >2sec DEUY^ fTART TO EMISSSION 420::j
0 SHUTTER SER SHUT OFF 450: 1 0
0 BEAMPO: ECT 480:: 0 LJLI ^
0 WHEEUl )LABEI{
0 TQC RElfORTS }12ia

LASER PASSED QA: Q.A. i,

 QUALITY REPORT AMPLIFIER REPORT H 282
imivxn
110V ENG: QUANG NGUYEN |
LIBRA S-5K s/o#:| 137815
STATION:
University of San Diego # of Line Items:
QABY: Wayne Polzin |

W/0#: 1063000
Q.A.
COMPONENT INTERNAL S/N: TQC S/W TEMP MANUAL LABELS
PV#V. PV # 1 MET •
LASER BENCH : 1063000-01 SSC.LIB-S-5K.110V.10207

DHSD S/N: 1063001-01 0 1063001-01

HSD #1 S/N: n N/A
HSD t a S/N: N/A_
D PV t a : PV # 2 MET •
ECU S/N:
nl N/A
SDG S/N:
SSA S/N:
1048242-05
0 1048242-05
N/A
HVPS S/N: 1035181-01 D 1035181-01
OPERA S/N: 0 EVO SPECS
DFG S/N:
SFG S/N:
VIS/UV S/N:
H' SYSTEM HRS:

Q-SW FREQ:
64
K
n Q-SW P/W: 230 us
EVO QA RPT#: 453 12.1
EVO P/W:
EVO HEAD S/N: 1060662AC-01 SSC.200-4549.10136
EVO P/S S/N: LBO 323.8 " CV072406016 POWER ® QA 3.8 W ® 15A
1060662AC-01
LAPTOP S/N: HKWPWC1 12 W®20A
HKWPWC1 n l 1-1-1
CHILLER S/N: 778125-02
D CHILLBl 24 778125-02 12.1 wr2oT] A
SYSTEM SPECS! FEMTO PICO MASK
PUMP 110V
CDRH CHECKLIST EVO PUMP POWER 12.1 1
SEED LASER: VITESSE ® CURRENT; 20.5
SEED USER S / N : VITC2-NC23731 PWR MTR S/N 0002106 HE / HP LEG A POWER; 0.00 W
TI-SAPH ROD: R097CB1 LAST CAL DATE 09/06 HE / HP LEG B POWER 0 Iw
POCKELS CELL 1 : 02559-59
0 LASER PERFORA^S TO SPEC STRETCHER
POCKELS CELL 2 : 02559-64
0 INTERLOCKS WORK SEED POWER TO GRATING: 142
STRETCH GRATING I 8226:1 0 EMISSION INDICATORS ON STRETCHED POWER: 86
COMPR GRATING: j " 8793:1 0 SHUTTERS FUNCTION
RGA SEEDED
0 VERIFY SIDE PANELS ::
PICO S GRATING: REGEN OUTPUT POWER: 2.33
0 PAPERWORK COMP W
PICQ C GRATING: 24
0 COSMETICS ACCEPTABLE BUILD-UP TIME REDUCTION: Jns
0 BEAM FAULT TRIGGERS COMPRESSED OUTPUT

i STABILITY RUN 0 SINGLE SHOT CHECK COMPRESSED OUTPUT POWER 1.58

0 CDRH LABELS PULSE WIDTH (DE-CONVOLVED) 86
MIn Max
0 WHEEUE BIN AND OE CONTRAST RATIO (PRE-PULSE) 1000
RUN: 1.57 1.6
LABELS INSTALLED CONTRAST RATIO (POST-PULSE) 100
STABILITY: 0^4637 0 PASSED QA
OUTPUT JITTER 360
RMS: 0.4 j 0 SIGN OFF REQ SDG ns #1 87
* OF RUNS: # [
DEVIATION it J SDG ns t#2:
a | 186
186 | | n;
1 1
LASER PASSED QA
 ^91207 - Wednesday file:///C:/Personal%20Drive/PHIL'S%20FILEBOXAVIKI/Main_Page..

Phil Tsai
Home I 091207 - Wednesday

091207 - Wednesday
Phil, 12 September 2007 (created 12 September 2007)
Training on Coherent Libra Regenerative Amplifier with Bob from 1
o tags:
Turn on Sequence: ««„-, ,,- . . ,
2007JoumalEntnes [
• Chiller On
• Evolution Supply Box On
• SDG (Signal Delay Generator) Box On
• High Voltage Box On ^
• Verdi/Vitesse Box On
• Software : Evolution : Clear Faults if necessary
• Software : Evolution : Hold RUN button - 2 seconds J
• Software : Verdi/Vitesse : Tum on Shutter s
• Software : SDG : Reset button on BWD on Control 2 if necessary n
• Software : Libra : Control: Fwd/Rev to adjust compressor to maximize peak power

Shut Down Sequence

• Software : SDG : Stop Button

• Software : Vitesse : Shutter
• Software : Evolution : Stop
• Tum Key Off on Verdi/Vitesse
• Tum Key Off on Evolution
• Tum Power Switch on front of Evolution Off
• Tum Power Switch (rear) on SDG Box Off
• Tum Power Switch (rear) on High Voltage Box Off
• Tum off Chiller

Hint: Leave the (Rear) Power switch on both the Verdi/Vitesse and the Evolution ON. This holds the LBO at high temp,
which minimizes the hygroscopic (moisture absorbing) effect on the crystal; even if you're not going to use it for weeks.

Settings:
SDG Box:

• Outi = 88 ns
• Out2 = 177 ns
• Synch Out = 209 ns

Evolution

LBO Heater - 323.9

LBO Set Point = 323.8

Verdi/Vitesse

• Vitesse Power = 260.9 mW

• Verdi Power = 1.29 W
• Verdi FAP (Fiber Amay Package) Cun-ent = 13.82 A

1 of 2 9/12/2007 5:14 PM
Phil Tsai - 091207 - Wednesday file:///C:/Personal%20Drive/PHIL'S%20FILEBOX/WIKI/Main_Page..

• Baseplate Temp = 24.88 deg C

• Verdi Light Loop Mode

Chiller

• 24 deg C

Notes:
2 W Verdi pumping at 1.3 W yielding - 250mW of seed pulse out of the Vitesse
The Evolution is a 15W Green Q-switched Nd:YLF, cun-ently running at ~ 12W and 5kHz to yield 1.5W of amplified light
The SDG (Signal Delay Generator) Box:

• Out 1 = Triggers the first pockels cell - lets the seed into the regen
• Out 2 = Triggers the second pockes cell - kicks the pulse out of the regen
• In the rear: RF Out Chi is wired up to the Evolution QSwitch
" QSwitch Synch Out (at 5 kHz) is wired up to the Evolution Box Trigger In
• BWD = Bandwidth Detector (behind one of the minrors in the stretcher), both LEDs must be on to operate

The computer controlled shutter in the Libra is between the Regen and the Compressor => shutter closed, still light to
the regen.
The RS232 at the rear ofthe SDG Box goes to the Libra chassis, as does the RS232 from the Verdi/Vitesse Box. Inside
the Libra Chassis, the RS232 lines are converted to a single USB line and goes to the computer
The RS232 from the rear of the Verdi/Vitesse Box goes to a second USB line to the computer
The oscilloscope connects to the RegenBuildUp line on ttie Libra Chassis which is the output of a photodiode behind
the High Reflectivitv mirror in the Regen. You see a series of pulses displayed, each pulse is actually the same laser
pulse on its multiple passes through the Regen. You also see electrical noise (not optical) ofthe opening and closing of
the pockel cell.

2 of 2 9/12/2007 5:14 PM
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