Q) 4.5 cm needle is placed 12 cm away from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm.
Give the location of the image and
the magnification. Describe what happens as the needle is moved farther from the mirror.
Solution
Given: Height of the needle, h1=4.5cm. Object distance, u=−12cm. The focal length of the convex
mirror, f=15cm.Image distance= v. The value of v can be obtained using the mirror formula.
1v+1u=1f
1v+1−12=115
1v=112+115
1v=960
∴v≈6.7cm
Hence, the image of the needle is 6.7 cm away from the mirror. Also, it is on the other side of the mirror.
The image size is given by the magnification formula.
m=h′h=−vu
h′=6.7×4.512
⇒h′=+2.5cm
So, m=2.54.5
m=0.56
The height of the image is 2.5cm. The positive sign indicates that the image is erect, virtual, and diminished. If the
needle is moved farther from the mirror, the size of the image will reduce gradually.
2Q) An object is held at 30 cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the
convex mirror should a plane mirror be held so that images in the two mirrors coincide with each other?
Sol: Step 1, Given data and related image
The mirror is a convex mirror
Object distance, u = -30 cm
focal length f = 15 cm
From the mirror formula
We know,
1v+1u=1f
Putting all the values
1v−130=115
1v=130+115
1v=330
After solving
v = 10 cm
Now we can say that the separation between the object and image is 30+10=40 cm.
Now, for the image to be formed at the same position by a plane mirror the plane mirror must
be kept at half of the distance between the object and image.
Half the distance between the object and the image is 20 cm so the plane mirror must be
placed at 10 cm from the mirror.
∴MP=MI−PI=12OI−PI=12(30+10)−10=10cm.
3Q) A converging mirror of focal length 20cm forms an image which is twice the size of the object. Calculate
two possible distances of the object from the mirror?
Solution:
according to the given question , we know that the mirror formula is
1/f = 1/v + 1/u ---------(1)
where f → focal length = -20 cm
v → image distance
u→ object distance
now, according to the given question ,
hi / ho = - V/U = 2
⇒ hi = 2ho also v = -2u
since we got v = -2u -----(2)
now by substituting equation (2) in (1) gives
⇒ -1/20 = -1/2u + 1/u
⇒ -1/20 = -1 + 2 / 2u
⇒ -1/20 = 1/2u
⇒ 2u = - 20
⇒ u = -10 cm .
4Q) An object 3 cm high is held at a distance of 50 cm from a diverging mirror of focal length 25 cm. Find the nature,
position and size of the image formed.
Sol: Here, h1=3cm, u=−50cm, f=25cm.
From 1v+1u=1f
1v=1/f−1/u = 1/25−1/-50=350
v=50/3 = 16⋅67cm.
As v is positive, image is behind the mirror. It is virtual and erect.
From m=h2 / h1 =−v/u
h2/3=−50/3/−50=1/3 h2=1cm.
5Q) A convex mirror used as rear view mirror on an automobile has a radius of curvature of 3.00 m. If a bus
is located at 5.00 m from this mirror, find the position, nature and size of the image?
Solution:
Given,
Object distance (u)= -5 m (always negative)
Radius of curvature C = 3 m
Focal length = 3/2 = 1.5 m.
From the mirror formula,
We know,
1/v+1/u=1/f
Putting all the values
1/v−1/5=1/1.5
1/v=10/15+1/5=13/15
After solving
v=1.15m
Now we have to find the magnification
We know,
m=−v/u
Putting all the values
m=−1.15/−5
After solving
m = 0.23
The image distance is positive this means it is formed on right side of the pole i.e. on the opposite side of the object.
Here magnification is positive and less than 1 so it will be virtual, erect and smaller than size of object.
So the image is formed at 1.15m from mirror on right side and it is virtual, diminished, and erect.
