Mathematics: applications and interpretation
Standard Level
Test 5
NAME: ………………………………………………………
Instructions
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
• A graphic display calculator is required for this paper.
• Answer all questions in the answer booklet. Additional paper is available should you need it.
• Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly or to three
significant figures.
• A clean copy of the formula booklet is required for this paper.
• The maximum mark for this paper is: 31
Answers must be written on the answer booklet provided. Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer
with no working. Answers must be supported by working and/or explanations. Solutions found from a graphic display
calculator should be supported by suitable working. For example, if graphs are used to find a solution, you should sketch
these as part of your answer. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given for a correct method, provided this
is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all working.
1. [Maximum mark: 16]
The scores of the eight highest scoring countries in the 2019 Eurovision song contest are shown in the
following table.
(a) For this data, find
i. the upper quartile. [2]
ii. the interquartile range. [2]
(b) Determine if the Netherlands’ score is an outlier for this data. Justify your answer. [3]
Chester is investigating the relationship between the highest-scoring countries’ Eurovision score and
their population size to determine whether population size can reasonably be used to predict a country’s
score. The populations of the countries, to the nearest million, are shown in the table.
Chester finds that, for this data, the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient is 𝑟 = 0.249.
(c) State whether it would be appropriate for Chester to use the equation of a regression line for 𝑦 on 𝑥 to
predict a country’s Eurovision score. Justify your answer. [2]
Chester then decides to find the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for this data, and creates a table
of ranks.
(d) Write down the value of:
(i) 𝑎. [1]
(ii) 𝑏. [1]
(ii) 𝑐. [1]
(e) (i) Find the value of the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient 𝑟𝑠 . [2]
(ii) Interpret the value obtained for 𝑟𝑠 . [1]
(f) When calculating the ranks, Chester incorrectly read the Netherlands’ score as 478.
Explain why the value of the Spearman’s rank correlation 𝑟𝑠 does not change despite this error.
[1]
2. [Maximum mark: 15]
The mean annual temperatures for Earth, recorded at fifty-year intervals, are shown in the table.
Year (𝐱) 1708 1758 1808 1858 1908 1958 2008
Year ∘ 𝐂 (𝐲) 8.73 9.22 9.10 9.12 9.13 9.45 9.76
Tami creates a linear model for this data by finding the equation of the straight line passing through the
points with coordinates (1708, 8.73) and (1958, 9.45).
(a) Calculate the gradient of the straight line that passes through these two points. [2]
(b) (i) Interpret the meaning of the gradient in the context of the question. [1]
(ii) State appropriate units for the gradient. [1]
(c) Find the equation of this line giving your answer in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐. [2]
(d) Use Tami’s model to estimate the mean annual temperature in the year 2000. [2]
Thandizo uses linear regression to obtain a model for the data.
(e) (i) Find the equation of the regression line 𝑦 on 𝑥. [2]
(ii) Find the value of 𝑟, the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. [1]
(f) Use Thandizo’s model to estimate the mean annual temperature in the year 2000. [2]
Thandizo uses his regression line to predict the year when the mean annual temperature will first exceed
15 ∘ 𝐶.
(g) State two reasons why Thandizo’s prediction may not be valid. [2]
END OF TEST
© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2024
