Designation: F1684 − 06 (Reapproved 2011)

Standard Specification for

Iron-Nickel and Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Alloys for Low Thermal
Expansion Applications1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1684; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials

1.1 This specification covers two iron-nickel alloys and one E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, for low thermal expansion applica- terials
tions. The two iron-nickel alloys, both containing nominally E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
36 % nickel and 64 % iron, with the conventional alloy Determine Conformance with Specifications
designated by UNS No. K93603, and the free-machining alloy E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
designated as UNS No. K93050. The iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, Steel
containing nominally 32 % nickel, 5 % cobalt and 63 % iron, is E92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials
designated by UNS No. K93500. This specification defines the (Withdrawn 2010)3
following product forms for UNS No. K93603 and UNS No. E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
K93500: wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet plate, and tubing. The E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
free-machining alloy, UNS No. K93050, is defined for bar Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
products only. Unless otherwise indicated, all articles apply to Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and
all three alloys. Scleroscope Hardness
E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron,
and are not considered standard. Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
1.3 This pertains only to the test method section, Section 13. E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
limitations prior to use.
3. Ordering Information
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 the following information:
D1971 Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Deter- 3.1.1 Alloy, as indicated with UNS number,
mination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite 3.1.2 Size,
Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectros- 3.1.3 Temper designation (Section 6),
copy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry 3.1.4 Surface finish (Section 10),
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials 3.1.5 Marking and packaging (Section 18), and
3.1.6 Certification, if required.
1
NOTE 1—Certification should include traceability of the heat to the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on original manufacturer.
Electronicsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
Materials. 4. Chemical Requirements
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1684 – 06. DOI: 4.1 Each alloy shall conform to the requirements as to
10.1520/F1684-06R11. chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 F1684 − 06 (2011)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements TABLE 3 Tensile Strength Requirements for Wire and Rod
NOTE 1—Round observed or calculated values to the nearest unit in the NOTE 1—The tensile strength limits for Temper D apply only to
last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in material 1⁄2 in. diameter and under. Consult 6.5 for hardness limits which
accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29. apply to larger rod sizes.
UNS No. UNS No. UNS No. Tensile Strength ksi (MPa)
Element Temper Des- Temper
K93603 K93050 K93500 UNS No. UNS No. UNS No.
ignation Name
Iron, nominal remainderA remainderA remainderA K93603 K93050 K93500
Nickel, nominal 36A 36A 32A A Annealed 85 max 85 max 85 max
Cobalt, max 0.50 0.50 5A (586 max) (586 max) (586 max)
Manganese, max 0.60 1.00 0.60 B Cold worked 86 min 86 min 86 min
Silicon, max 0.40 0.35 0.25 (593 min) (593 min) (593 min)
Carbon, max 0.05 0.15 0.05 D Unannealed ... 111 max ...
Aluminum, max 0.10B ... C 0.10B (765 max)
Magnesium, max 0.10B ... C 0.10B
Zirconium, max 0.10B ... C 0.10B
Titanium, max 0.10B ... C 0.10B
Chromium, max 0.25 0.25 0.25
Selenium ... 0.15 to 0.30 ... 6.5 Rod—(UNS K93050 only) For Temper D (unannealed)
Phosphorus, max 0.015D 0.020 0.015D
Sulfur, max 0.015D 0.020 0.015D
material, in rod sizes greater than 1⁄2 in. diameter, the mid-
A
radius Brinell Hardness shall be 235 maximum. Consult Test
For UNS No. K93603 and K93050, the iron, and nickel requirements are
nominal, while for UNS No. K93500, the iron, nickel, and cobalt requirements are Method E10 for Brinell Hardness test procedures.
nominal. These levels may be adjusted by the manufacturer to meet the require-
ments for the coefficient of thermal expansion as specified in 12.1.
6.6 Plate—Plate will be supplied in annealed temper. The
B
The total of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and zirconium shall not exceed properties for UNS K93603 and UNS K93500 will be as shown
0.20 %.
C
in Table 4.
These elements are not measured for this alloy.
D
The total of phosphorus and sulfur shall not exceed 0.025 %. 6.7 For rod forms, air anneal, followed by centerless grind-
ing to remove scale, is an acceptable alternate.

NOTE 2—Lower levels of phosphorus and sulfur may be required for 7. Grain Size
certain welding applications. These lower levels shall be negotiated, as
needed, between the vendor and user. Welding of the free-machining alloy 7.1 (UNS No. K93603 and No. K93500 only) Strip and
(UNS No. K93050) is generally not recommended. sheet for deep drawing shall have an average grain size not
larger than ASTM No. 5 (Note 3), and no more than 10 % of
5. Surface Lubricants the grains shall be larger than No. 5 when measured in
5.1 All lubricants used during cold-working operations, accordance with Test Methods E112.
such as drawing, rolling, or spinning, shall be capable of being NOTE 3—This corresponds to a grain size of 0.065 mm, or 16
removed readily by any of the common organic degreasing grains/in.2 of image at 100×.
solvents.
7.2 Finer grain sizes for deep drawing quality shall be
6. Temper negotiated between user and supplier.
6.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified in 8. Hardness
the purchase order.
8.1 Deep-Drawing Temper—(UNS No. K93603 and No.
6.2 Tube—(UNS No. K93603 and No. K93500 only) Unless K93500 only) For deep drawing, the hardness shall not exceed
otherwise agreed upon between the supplier or manufacturer 157 Vickers Hardness for material 0.100 in. (2.54 mm) and less
and the purchaser, these forms shall be given either a final in thickness and 85 HRB for material over 0.100 in. in
bright anneal or anneal and descale by the manufacturer, and thickness. The Vickers Hardness test shall be determined in
supplied in the annealed temper. accordance with Test Method E92, while the Rockwell Hard-
6.3 Strip and Sheet— (UNS No. K93603 and No. K93500 ness test shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods
only) These forms shall be supplied in one of the tempers given E18.
in Table 2 or in deep-drawing temper, as specified. NOTE 4—For hardness conversions, use Table 3 of Standard E140.
6.4 Wire and Rod— These forms shall be supplied in one of 8.2 Rolled and Annealed Tempers—Hardness tests when
the tempers given in Table 3 as specified. Unless otherwise properly applied can be indicative of tensile strength. Hardness
specified, the material shall be bright annealed and supplied in scales and ranges for these tempers, if desirable, shall be
Temper A (annealed). negotiated between supplier and purchaser.

TABLE 2 Tensile Strength Requirements for Strip and Sheet

Tensile Strength ksi (MPa) TABLE 4 Room Temperature Tensile Strength Requirements for
Temper Temper
UNS No. K93603 UNS No. K93500
Designation Name Plate (UNS K93603 and K93500) Products
(Nominal Values)
A anealed 85 max (586 max) 85 max (586 max) 0.2 % Yield Strength 33.33 ksi (230 MPa) min – 50.7 ksi (350 MPa) max
B ⁄ hard
12 86 min (593) 86 min (593) Tensile Strength 58 ksi (400 MPa) min – 72.5 ksi (500 MPa) max
C hard 105 min (724) 105 min (724) Hardness Rockwell B60 min – 85 max

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 F1684 − 06 (2011)
9. Tensile Strength 12.2 Typical thermal expansion data, thermal expansion
9.1 Strip and Sheet: data for annealed material to higher temperatures, and for the
(UNS No. K93603 and No. K93500 only) three-step anneal used for UNS K93600, are contained in
9.1.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or Appendix X1-Appendix X3.
rejection for the tempers given in Table 2 and shall conform
with the requirements prescribed, unless alternative mechani- 13. Test for Thermal Expansion
cal properties (for example, ductility) and limits are negotiated 13.1 UNS No. K93603— Heat the specimen in a non-
between user and supplier. oxidizing atmosphere for a minimum of 1 h at 8756 25°C.
9.1.2 Tension test specimens shall be taken so the longitu- Cool at a rate not to exceed 300°C/h.
dinal axis is parallel to the direction of rolling, and the test shall 13.2 UNS No. K93050— Heat the specimen in a non-
be performed in accordance with Test Methods E8. oxidizing atmosphere for a minimum of 15 min at 815 6 25°C.
9.2 Wire and Rod: Air cool.
9.2.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or
13.3 UNS No. K93500— (1) Heat the specimen in a non-
rejection for the tempers given in Table 3 and shall conform to
oxidizing atmosphere for a minimum of 1 h at 845 6 25°C.
the requirements prescribed, unless alternative mechanical
Water quench. ( 2) Heat the specimen for a minimum of 1 h at
properties (for example, ductility) and limits are negotiated
315 6 15°C. Air cool. (3) Heat the specimen for a minimum of
between user and supplier.
24 h at 95 6 10°C. Air cool.
9.2.2 The test shall be performed in accordance with Test
Methods E8. NOTE 5—(Applies to 13.1-13.3): Alternative thermal treatments and
resulting values of thermal coefficient of expansion may be negotiated
between the supplier and purchaser.
10. Surface Finish
13.4 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics in
10.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be those
accordance with Test Method E228.
resulting from the following operations:
10.1.1 Hot rolling,
14. Transformation in UNS No. K93500 Alloy
10.1.2 Forging,
10.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod), 14.1 Because its nominal 5 wt % addition of cobalt, UNS
10.1.4 Belt polishing, No. K93500 Alloy is metastable at temperatures less than room
10.1.5 Cold rolling, temperature. If needed, specific minimum transformation tem-
10.1.6 Wire and rod drawing, peratures may be negotiated between purchaser and supplier.
10.1.7 Annealed and descaled, and
10.1.8 Bright annealed. 15. Chemical Analysis
15.1 This section describes the chemical analysis techniques
11. Inclusion Content to be used in case of dispute. Wherever applicable, the analysis
11.1 Wire, Rod, Bar, Strip and Sheet Plate—(UNS No. procedures described in Practices D1971, Test Methods E354,
K93603 and No. K93500 only) These product forms shall be E1019 and Practice E1601 should be utilized.
free of inclusions, cracks, blow holes, and other defects that are 15.2 Carbon, Sulfur— Combustion method.
detrimental to the quality of subsequent product.
15.3 Aluminum, Chromium, Magnesium—Atomic absorp-
11.2 Inclusion ratings for certain applications (for example, tion method.
deep drawing) shall be negotiated between user and supplier.
Rating criteria shall be based on Test Methods E45. 15.4 All Other Elements Shown in Table 1 (Excluding Iron,
Nickel, and Cobalt)—Atomic absorption, optical emission or
12. Thermal Expansion Characteristics inductively coupled plasma (ICP or ICAP) methods.
12.1 The average linear coefficients of thermal expansion NOTE 6—The iron, nickel, and cobalt requirements are nominal (see
Table 1).
shall be within the limits specified in Table 5. For UNS No.
K93050, the supplier is requested to supply data over the
16. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
temperature range 30 to 150°C. Nonmandatory thermal expan-
sion data are found in the Appendix X1-Appendix X3. 16.1 Cold-Rolled Strip—(UNS No. K93603 and No.
K93500 only) Cold-rolled strip shall conform to the permis-
sible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 6, Table 7,
and Table 8.
TABLE 5 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion 16.2 Round Wire and Rod—Wire and rod shall conform to
Average Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 9.
µm/m·°C
Temperature Range,° C
UNS No. UNS No. UNS No. 16.3 Cold-Drawn Tubing—(UNS No. K93603 and No.
K93603 K93050 K93500 K93500 only) Cold-drawn tubing, available either as seamless
30 to 150 1.2 to 2.7 ... ...
−18 to 93 ... ... 0.9 max or welded, shall conform to the permissible variations pre-
scribed in Table 10.

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 F1684 − 06 (2011)
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Thickness of Cold-Rolled Strip
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) Permissible Variations in Thickness for Width Given, ± in. (mm)
Under 3 (76) Over 3 to 6 (76 to 152) Over 6 to 12 (152 to 305) Over 12 to 16 (305 to 406)
0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 2.54), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.004 (0.102)
0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 1.75), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102)
0.068 to 0.050 (1.73 to 1.27), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.049 to 0.035 (1.24 to 0.89), incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.034 to 0.029 (0.86 to 0.74), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.0025 (0.064)
0.028 to 0.026 (0.71 to 0.66), incl 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)
0.025 to 0.020 (0.64 to 0.51), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051)
0.019 to 0.017 (0.48 to 0.43), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)
0.016 to 0.012 (0.41 to 0.31), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.011 to 0.0101 (0.28 to 0.26), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.010 to 0.0091 (0.25 to 0.23), incl 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025)
0.009 to 0.006 (0.23 to 0.15), incl 0.00075 (0.019) 0.00075 (0.019) ... ...
Under 0.006 (0.15) 0.0005 (0.013) 0.0005 (0.013) ... ...

TABLE 7 Permissible Variations in Thickness Across

Width of Strip
Maximum Variation in Thickness Across Width of
Strip, Within Those Provided for in Table 5 for
Edge Measurements for Widths and Thickness
Specified Thickness, Given,
in. (mm) in. (mm)
5 (127) and Over 5 to 12 Over 12 to 24
Under (127 to 300) (300 to 600), incl
0.005 to 0.010, incl 0.00075 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
(0.17 to 0.03, incl) (0.0191)
Over 0.010 to 0.025, incl 0.001 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)
(0.03 to 0.06, incl) (0.025)
Over 0.025 to 0.065, incl 0.0015 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064)
(0.06 to 0.16, incl) (0.038)
Over 0.065 to 3⁄16, excl 0.002 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076)
(0.16 to 0.48, excl) (0.051)
(0.16 to 0.48, excl)

TABLE 8 Permissible Variations in Width of Cold-Rolled Strip Supplied in Coils

Permissible Variations in Width for Widths Given, ± in. (mm)
Specified Thickness,
in. (mm) Under 1⁄2 to 3⁄16 ⁄ to 6
12 Over 6 to 9 Over 9 to 12 Over 12 to 20 Over 20 to 2315⁄16
(12.7 to 4.8) (12.7 to 152) (152 to 229) (229 to 305) (305 to 508) (508 to 608)
0.187 to 0.161 (4.75 to ... 0.016 (0.42) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 0.031 (0.79) 0.031 (0.79)
4.09)
0.160 to 0.100 (4.06 to 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51)
2.54)
0.099 to 0.069 (2.51 to 0.008 (0.20) 0.008 (0.20) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51)
1.75)
0.068 (1.73) and 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.41) 0.020 (0.51)
under

16.4 Plate—Plate shall conform to the permissible varia- tion, and in temper, it shall be free of scale, corrosion, cracks,
tions in dimensions as shown in Table 11, Table 12 and Table seams, scratches, slivers, and other defects as best commercial
13. practice will permit.
17. General Requirements 18. Packaging and Package Marking
17.1 The material supplied under this specification shall be 18.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the
commercially smooth, uniform in cross section, in composi- purchaser and the seller.

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 F1684 − 06 (2011)
TABLE 9 Permissible Variations in Diameter of Wire and Rod
Specified Diameter,
Permissible Variations in Diameter, ± in. (mm)
in. (mm)
Wire (Coiled, Spooled or Straight Lengths)
0.002 to 0.0043 (0.05 to 0.110) 0.00020 (0.005)
0.0044 to 0.0079 (0.111 to 0.202) 0.00025 (0.006)
0.008 to 0.0149 (0.20 to 0.379) 0.00030 (0.008)
0.015 to 0.0199 (0.38 to 0.507) 0.00040 (0.010)
0.020 to 0.0309 (0.51 to 0.786) 0.00050 (0.013)
0.031 to 0.0409 (0.79 to 1.04) 0.00060 (0.015)
0.041 to 0.0609 (1.04 to 1.548) 0.00070 (0.018)
0.061 to 0.0809 (1.55 to 2.056) 0.00080 (0.020)
0.081 to 0.1259 (2.06 to 3.199) 0.00100 (0.025)
0.126 to 0.1569 (3.20 to 3.99) 0.00150 (0.038)
0.157 to 0.2500 (4.00 to 6.35) 0.00200 (0.051)
Rod, Centerless Ground Finish (Straight Lengths)
0.030 to 0.0549 (0.76 to 1.396) 0.0005 (0.013)
0.055 to 0.1249 (1.40 to 3.174) 0.0010 (0.035)
0.125 to 0.499 (3.18 to 12.70) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.500 to 0.999 (12.7 to 25.37) 0.0020 (0.051)
1.000 to 1.625 (25.4 to 41.28) 0.0025 (0.064)
1.626 to 1.749 (41.30 to 44.40) 0.0030 (0.08)
1.750 to 1.999 (44.25 to 50.77) 0.0040 (0.10)
2.000 to 4.000 (50.80 to 101.60) 0.0050 (0.13)

TABLE 10 Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Standard

Tubing
Permissible Variations
Specified Outside Diameter, Wall
in. (mm) Outside Diameter, Inside Diameter,
Thickness,
in. (mm) in. (mm)
±%
Under 0.093 (2.36) +0.002 (0.05) +0.000 10
−0.000 −0.002 (0.05)
0.093 to 0.187 (2.36 to 4.76), +0.003 (0.08) +0.000 10
excl −0.000 −0.003 (0.08)
0.187 to 0.500 (4.76 to +0.004 (0.10) +0.000 10
12.70), excl −0.000 −0.004 (0.10)
0.500 to 1.500 (12.70 to +0.005 (0.13) +0.000 10
38.10), excl −0.000 −0.005 (0.13)

TABLE 11 Permissible Variations in Thickness for PlatesA ,B

Width, in. (mm)

Over 84 (2134) to 120 Over 120 (3048) to
Specified Thickness, in. [mm] To 84 (2134), incl Over 144 (3658)
(3048), incl 144 (3658), incl
C
Tolerance Over Specified Thickness, in. (mm)
⁄ (4.76) to 3⁄8 (9.52), excl
3 16 0.045 (1.14) 0.050 (1.27) ... ...
3⁄8 (9.52) to 3⁄4 (19.05), excl 0.055 (1.40) 0.060 (1.52) 0.075 (1.90) 0.090 (2.29)
3⁄4 (19.05) to 1 (25.40), excl 0.060 (1.52) 0.065 (1.65) 0.085 (2.16) 0.100 (2.54)
1 (25.40) to 2 (50.80), excl 0.070 (1.78) 0.075 (1.90) 0.095 (2.41) 0.115 (2.92)
2 (50.80) to 3 (76.20), excl 0.125 (3.18) 0.150 (3.81) 0.175 (4.44) 0.200 (5.08)
3 (76.20) to 4 (101.6), excl 0.175 (4.44) 0.210 (5.33) 0.245 (6.22) 0.280 (7.11)
4 (101.6) to 6 (152.4), excl 0.250 (6.35) 0.300 (7.62) 0.350 (8.89) 0.400 (10.16)
6 (152.4) to 8 (203.2), excl 0.350 (8.89) 0.420 (10.67) 0.490 (12.45) 0.560 (14.22)
8 (203.2) to 10 (254.0), excl 0.450 (11.43) 0.540 (13.72) 0.630 (16.00) ...
A
Thickness is measured along the longitudinal edges of the plate at least 3⁄8 in. (9.52 mm), but not more than 3 in. (76.20 mm), from the edge.
B
For plates up to 10 in. (254.0 mm), excl, in thickness, the tolerance under the specified thickness is 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
C
For circles, the over thickness tolerances in this table apply to the diameter of the circle corresponding to the width ranges shown. For plates of irregular shape, the
over thickness tolerances apply to the greatest width corresponding to the width ranges shown.

18.2 The material as furnished under this specification shall heat number. The lot size for determining compliance with the
be identified by the name or symbol of the manufacturer and by requirements of this specification shall be one heat.

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 F1684 − 06 (2011)
TABLE 12 Permissible Variations in Width and Length for Rectangular Sheared Mill Plates and Universal Mill Plates
Tolerances Over Specified Width and Length for Given Width,
Length, and Thickness,A in. (mm)
Width, in. (mm) Length, in. (mm) Under 3⁄8 in. (9.52 mm) in 38 ⁄ (9.52) to 1⁄2 (12.70 mm) Over 1⁄2 (12.70 mm) to 1 in.
Thickness in., incl, in Thickness (25.40 mm) in Thickness
Width Length Width Length Width Length
48 (1219) and under 144 (3658) and under ⁄ (3.18)
18 ⁄ (4.76)
3 16 ⁄ (4.76)
3 16 ⁄ (6.35)
14 ⁄ (7.94)
5 16 ⁄ (9.52)
38

Over 48 (1219) to 60 (1524), incl 3⁄16 (4.76) 1⁄4 (6.35) 1⁄4 (6.35) 5⁄16 (7.94) 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11)

Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl 1⁄4 (6.35) 5⁄16 (7.94) 5⁄16 (7.94) 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11) 1⁄2 (12.70)

Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 5⁄16 (7.94) 3⁄8 (9.52) 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11) 1⁄2 (12.70) 9⁄16 (14.29)

Over 108 (2743) 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11) 7⁄16 (11.11) 1⁄2 (12.70) 5⁄8 (15.88) 11⁄16 (17.46)

48 (1219) and under over 144 (3658) to 240 (6096) ⁄ (4.76)

3 16 ⁄ (9.52)
38 ⁄ (6.35)
14 ⁄ (12.70)
12 ⁄ (7.94)
5 16 ⁄ (15.88)
58

Over 48 (1219) to 60 (1524), incl ⁄ (6.35)

14 ⁄ (11.11)
7 16 ⁄ (7.94)
5 16 ⁄ (15.88)
58 ⁄ (9.52)
38 ⁄ (19.05)
34

Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl 3⁄8 (9.52) 1⁄2 (12.70) 7⁄16 (11.11) 11⁄16 (17.46) 1⁄2 (12.70) 3⁄4 (19.05)

Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 7⁄16 (11.11) 9⁄16 (14.29) 1⁄2 (12.70) 3⁄4 (19.05) 5⁄8 (15.88) 7⁄8 (22.22)

Over 108 (2743) 1⁄2 (12.70) 5⁄8 (15.88) 5⁄8 (15.88) 7⁄8 (22.22) 11⁄16 (17.46) 1 (25.40)

48 (1219) and under over 240 (6096) to 360 (9144) ⁄ (6.35)

14 ⁄ (12.70)
12 ⁄ (7.94)
5 16 ⁄ (15.88)
58 ⁄
38 (9.52) ⁄ (19.05)
34

Over 48 (1219) to 60 (1524), incl ⁄ (7.94)

5 16 ⁄ (15.88)
58 ⁄ (9.52)
38 ⁄ (19.05)
34 ⁄
12 (12.70) ⁄ (19.05)
34

Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl 7⁄16 (11.11) 11⁄16 (17.46) 1⁄2 (12.70) 3⁄4 (19.05) 5⁄8 (15.88) 7⁄8 (22.22)

Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 9⁄16 (14.29) 3⁄4 (19.05) 5⁄8 (15.88) 7⁄8 (22.22) 3⁄4 (19.05) 1 (25.40)
Over 108 (2743) 5⁄8 (15.88) 7⁄8 (22.22) 11⁄16 (17.46) 1 (25.40) 7⁄8 (22.22) 1 (25.40)

60 (1524) and under over 360 (9144) to 480 (12192) ⁄ (11.11)

7 16 1 1⁄8 (28.58) 12⁄ (12.70) 11⁄4 (31.75) ⁄ (15.88)
58 13⁄8 (34.92)
Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl ⁄ (12.70)
12 11⁄4 (31.75) 58⁄ (15.88) 13⁄8 (34.92) ⁄ (19.05)
34 11⁄2 (38.10)
Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 9⁄16 (14.29) 11⁄4 (31.75) 3 ⁄4 (19.05) 13⁄8 (34.92) 7⁄8 (22.22) 11⁄2 (38.10)
Over 108 (2743) 3⁄4 (19.05) 13⁄8 (34.92) 7 ⁄8 (22.22) 11⁄2 (38.10) 1 (25.40) 15⁄8 (41.28)

60 (1524) and under over 480 (12192) to 600 (15240) ⁄

7 16 (11.11) 1 1⁄4 (31.75) 12⁄ (12.70) 11⁄2 (38.10) ⁄ (15.88)
58 15⁄8 (41.28)
Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl ⁄
12 (12.70) 13⁄8 (34.92) 58⁄ (15.88) 11⁄2 (38.10) ⁄ (19.05)
34 15⁄8 (41.28)
Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 5⁄8 (15.88) 13⁄8 (34.92) 3 ⁄4 (19.05) 11⁄2 (38.10) 7⁄8 (22.22) 15⁄8 (41.28)
Over 108 (2743) 3⁄4 (19.05) 11⁄2 (38.10) 7 ⁄8 (22.22) 15⁄8 (41.28) 1 (25.40) 13⁄4 (44.45)

60 (1524) and under over 600 (15240) ⁄

12 (12.70) 13⁄4 (44.45) ⁄ (15.88)
58 17⁄8 (47.62) ⁄ (19.05)
34 17⁄8 (47.62)
Over 60 (1524) to 84 (2134), incl ⁄
58 (15.88) 13⁄4 (44.45) ⁄ (19.05)
34 17⁄8 (47.62) ⁄ (22.22)
78 17⁄8 (47.62)
Over 84 (2134) to 108 (2743), incl 5⁄8 (15.88) 13⁄4 (44.45) 3⁄4 (19.05) 17⁄8 (47.62) 7⁄8 (22.22) 17⁄8 (47.62)
Over 108 (2743) 7⁄8 (22.22) 13⁄4 (44.45) 1 (25.40) 2 (50.80) 11⁄8 (28.58) 21⁄4 (57.15)
A
The tolerance under specified width and length is 1⁄4 in. (6.35 mm).

TABLE 13 Permissible Variations in Flatness for Annealed Plates

NOTE 1—Tolerances in this table apply to plates up to 15 ft (4572 mm) in length, or to any 15 ft (4572 mm) of longer plates.
NOTE 2—If the longer dimension is under 36 in. (914 mm), the tolerance is not greater than 1⁄4 in. (6.35 mm).
NOTE 3—For plates with specified minimum yield strengths of 35 ksi (240 MPa) or more, and all steels of Specification A693, the permissible
variations are increased to 11⁄2 times the amounts shown below.
Flatness Tolerance (Deviation from a Horizontal Flat Surface) for Thicknesses and Widths Given, in. (mm)
Width, in. (mm)
Specified Thickness, in. (mm) Over 48 60 (1524) to 72 (1829) to 84 (2134) to 96 (2438) to 108 (2743) to 120 (3048) to
48 (1219) or 144 (3658)
(1219) to 60 72 (1829), 84 (2134), 96 (2438), 108 (2743), 120 (3048), 144 (3658),
Under and Over
(1524), excl excl excl excl excl excl excl
⁄ (4.76) to 1⁄4 (6.35), excl
3 16 ⁄ (19.05)
34 11⁄16 (26.99) 11⁄4 (31.75) 13⁄8 (34.92) 15⁄8 (41.28) 15⁄8 (41.28) 17⁄8 (47.62) 2 (50.80) ...
⁄ (6.35) to 3⁄8 (9.52), excl
14 ⁄ (17.46)
11 16 ⁄ (19.05)
34 ⁄ (23.81)
15 16 11⁄8 (28.58) 13⁄8 (34.92) 17⁄16 (36.51) 19⁄16 (39.69) 17⁄8 (47.62) ...
3⁄8 (9.52) to 1⁄2 (12.70), excl 1⁄2 (12.70) 9⁄16 (14.29) 11⁄16 (17.46) 3⁄4 (19.05) 15⁄16 (23.81) 11⁄8 (28.58) 11⁄4 (31.75) 17⁄16 (36.51) 13⁄4 (44.45)
1⁄2 (12.70) to 3⁄4 (19.05), excl 1⁄2 (12.70) 9⁄16 (14.29) 5⁄8 (15.88) 5⁄8 (15.88) 13⁄16 (20.64) 11⁄8 (28.58) 11⁄8 (28.58) 11⁄8 (28.58) 13⁄8 (34.92)
3⁄4 (19.05) to 1 (25.40), excl 1⁄2 (12.70) 9⁄16 (14.29) 5⁄8 (15.88) 5⁄8 (15.88) 3⁄4 (19.05) 13⁄16 (20.64) 15⁄16 (23.81) 1 (25.40) 11⁄8 (28.58)
1 (25.40) to 11⁄2 (38.10), excl 1⁄2 (12.70) 9⁄16 (14.29) 9⁄16 (14.29) 9⁄16 (14.29) 11⁄16 (17.46) 11⁄16 (17.46) 11⁄16 (17.46) 3⁄4 (19.05) 1 (25.40)
11⁄2 (38.10) to 4 (101.60), excl 5⁄16 (7.94) 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11) 1⁄2 (12.70) 5⁄8 (15.88) 3⁄4 (19.05) 7⁄8 (22.22) 1 (25.40) 1 (25.40)
4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40), excl 3⁄8 (9.52) 7⁄16 (11.11) 9⁄16 (14.29) 5⁄8 (15.88) 3⁄4 (19.05) 15⁄16 (23.81) 11⁄8 (28.58) 11⁄4 (31.75) 11⁄4 (31.75)

19. Investigation of Claims 20. Keywords

19.1 Where any material fails to meet the requirements of 20.1 iron-nickel alloys; iron-nickel-cobalt alloys; low ex-
this specification, the material so designated shall be handled in pansion alloys; precision instruments; UNS No. K93050; UNS
accordance with a mutual agreement between the purchaser No. K93500; UNS No. K93603
and the seller.

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 6

 F1684 − 06 (2011)
APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. TYPICAL VALUES OF THERMAL EXPANSION AS PROVIDED BY MATERIALS PRODUCERS

X1.1 The following data are for multiple heats of materials, Temperature Mean Thermal
3s Limits
over the standard temperature ranges typically measured by Range, Coefficient of
(10 −6/°C)
°C Expansion
producers of these alloys. (10 −6/°C)
X1.1.1 Producer Data for UNS No. K93603: 30–100 1.25 1.11–1.39
30–150 1.84 1.63–2.06
X1.1.1.1 A commercial producer has supplied the following 30–350 6.78 6.23–7.33
data for UNS No. K93603 material that was annealed at 30–450 9.00 8.45–9.54
1600°F, and furnace cooled at an average rate of about 150°F/h X1.1.2 Data for UNS No. K93050:
as follows:
X1.1.2.1 A commercial producer has supplied the following
Mean Thermal Range of Thermal data for UNS No. K93050 material that was annealed for 1⁄2 h
Temperature Coefficient of Coefficient at 1500°F in salt, and air cooled as follows:
Range, °C Expansion of Expansion
(10 −6/°C) (10 −6/°C) Temperature Mean Thermal Range of Thermal
Range, Coefficient of Coefficient of
23–100 1.60 1.1–2.1
°C Expansion Expansion
23–150 2.23 1.7–2.7
(10 −6/°C) (10 −6/°C)
23–200 3.13 2.6–3.6
23–100 1.58 1.2–2.0
X1.1.1.2 Another commercial producer has supplied the 23–150 2.12 1.7–2.7
following data for UNS No. K93603 material that was an- 23–200 2.73 2.2–3.2

nealed at 1650°F, then furnace cooled at an average rate of

40°F/min as follows:

X2. THERMAL EXPANSION OF ANNEALED MATERIAL TO HIGHER TEMPERATURES

TABLE X2.1 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion for Annealed Material

Average Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, µm/m°C
Temperature Range, °C Heat UNS No. K93603 871°C 1 h, UNS No. K93050 871°C 1 h, UNS No. K93050 827°C salt pot UNS No. K93500 871°C 1 h,
Treatment Furnace Cool Furnace Cool Furnace Cool
1⁄2 h, Air Cool

30 to 100 1.93 2.42 1.88 0.84

30 to 150 2.38 2.85 2.44 1.17
30 to 200 3.03 3.47 3.10 1.72
30 to 250 4.36 4.77 4.38 2.53
30 to 300 6.05 6.42 6.09 4.16
30 to 350 7.51 7.82 7.58 5.74
30 to 400 8.69 8.98 8.78 7.03
30 to 500 10.47 10.70 10.60 8.99
30 to 600 11.75 11.80 11.90 10.56
30 to 700 ... ... ... 11.56
30 to 800 ... ... ... 12.21
30 to 900 ... ... ... 12.96

X2.1 Table X2.1 presents thermal expansion coefficients of show typical materials properties. Please note that these
material annealed in accordance with the procedures described annealing procedures may differ from the heat treat procedures
here. These are data for single heats only, and are provided to required prior to TCE testing (Section 13).

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 7

 F1684 − 06 (2011)

X3. THERMAL EXPANSION OF THREE-STEP ANNEALED MATERIAL

X3.1 The following data are for material that has been B. S. Lement, B. L. Averbhach and M. Cohen,4
annealed following a three-step heat treatment as follows:
843°C (1550°F) for 1 h in salt, water quench, followed by
315°C† (600°F) for 1 h in air, air cool, plus 93°C (200°F) for 4
Lement, B. S., Averbhach, B. L., and Cohen, M., “The Dimensional Behavior
24 h in air, air cool. This heat treatment was first described by of Invar,” Transactions, American Society for Metals, Vol 43, 1951, pp. 1072-1097.

TABLE X3.1 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion for Material

Subjected to Three-Step Anneal
Average Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion,
Temperature Range, °C µm/m°C
Heat Treatment UNS No. UNS No. UNS No.
K93603 K93050 K93500
25–100 0.8 1.2 0.3
25–150 1.5 1.7 0.5
25–200 2.3 2.5 0.9
25–250 4.0 4.2 1.7
25–300 5.9 6.1 3.9
25–350 7.4 7.6 5.6
25–400 8.6 8.8 7.0
25–450 9.6 9.7 8.1
25–500 10.4 10.5 9.0
25–550 11.0 11.1 9.7
25–600 11.6 11.7 10.5

, and was developed in order to minimize thermal expansion performance at low temperatures following cycling to high
coefficient of Invar alloy at low temperatures (up to 100°C). temperatures (for example, >200°C) has not been checked, but
(Warning —The data in Table X3.1 are on-heating data. The is expected to be similar to data shown in Table X2.1.)

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