Q1.
An object of mass m moves in a circle of radius r. It completes n revolutions every
second.
What is the kinetic energy of the object?
C 2mπ2n2r2
D 4mπ2n2r2
(Total 1 mark)
Q2.
A ball of mass m, which is fixed to the end of a light string of length l, is released from rest
at X.
It swings in a circular path, passing through the lowest point Y at speed v.
If the tension in the string at Y is T, which one of the following equations represents a
correct application of Newton’s laws of motion to the ball at Y?
D
(Total 1 mark)
Page 1 of 10
Q3.
A helicopter circles continuously at a constant speed around a horizontal path of diameter
800 m, taking 5.0 minutes to complete each orbit of the path.
What are the speed v and the centripetal acceleration a of the helicopter?
v / m s−1 a / m s−2
A 0.021 0.18
B 8.4 0.088
C 8.4 0.18
D 17 0.35
(Total 1 mark)
Q4.
A bob of mass 0.50 kg is suspended from the end of a piece of string 0.45 m long.
The bob is rotated in a vertical circle at a constant rate of 120 revolutions per minute.
What is the tension in the string when the bob is at the bottom of the circle?
A 5.8 N
B 31 N
C 36 N
D 40 N
(Total 1 mark)
Page 2 of 10
Q5.
The figure below shows a car on a rollercoaster track. The car is initially at rest at A and is
lifted to the highest point of the track, B, 35 m above A.
The car with its passengers has a total mass of 550 kg. It takes 25 s to lift the car from A
to B. It then starts off with negligible velocity and moves unpowered along the track.
(a) Calculate the power used in lifting the car and its passengers from A to B.
Include an appropriate unit in your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
power______________________unit_____________
(3)
(b) The speed reached by the car at C, the bottom of the first dip, is 22 ms–1. The
length of the track from B to the bottom of the first dip C is 63 m.
Calculate the average resistive force acting on the car during the descent.
Give your answer to a number of significant figures consistent with the data.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
resistive force ______________________ N
(4)
Page 3 of 10
(c) Explain why the resistive force is unlikely to remain constant as the car descends
from B to C.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(d) At C, a passenger of mass 55 kg experiences an upward reaction force of 2160 N
when the speed is 22 ms–1.
Calculate the radius of curvature of the track at C. Assume that the track is a circular
arc at this point.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
radius of curvature of the track ______________________ m
(3)
(Total 13 marks)
Page 4 of 10
Q6.
Figure 1 shows a fairground ride called a Rotor. Riders stand on a wooden floor and lean
against the cylindrical wall.
Figure 1
The fairground ride is then rotated. When the ride is rotating sufficiently quickly the
wooden floor is lowered. The riders remain pinned to the wall by the effects of the motion.
When the speed of rotation is reduced, the riders slide down the wall and land on the
floor.
(a) (i) At the instant shown in Figure 2 the ride is rotating quickly enough to hold a
rider at a constant height when the floor has been lowered.
Figure 2
Draw onto Figure 2 arrows representing all the forces on the rider when held
in this position relative to the wall.
Label the arrows clearly to identify all of the forces.
(3)
(ii) Explain why the riders slide down the wall as the ride slows down.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
Page 5 of 10
A Rotor has a diameter of 4.5 m. It accelerates uniformly from rest to maximum angular
velocity in 20 s.
The total moment of inertia of the Rotor and the riders is 2.1 × 105 kg m2.
(b) (i) At the maximum speed the centripetal acceleration is 29 m s–2.
Show that the maximum angular velocity of a rider is 3.6 rad s–1.
(2)
(ii) Calculate the centripetal force acting on a rider of mass 75 kg when the ride
is moving at its maximum angular velocity.
Give your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures.
centripetal force ____________________ N
(1)
(c) Figure 3 shows the final section of a roller coaster which ends in a vertical loop. The
roller coaster is designed to give the occupants a maximum acceleration of 3g. Cars on
the roller coaster descend to the start of the loop and then travel around it, as shown.
Figure 3
(i) At which one of the positions marked A, B and C on Figure 3 would the
passengers experience the maximum reaction force exerted by their seat?
Circle your answer below.
A B C
(1)
(iii) Explain why the maximum acceleration is experienced at the position you
have chosen.
Page 6 of 10
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 14 marks)
Page 7 of 10
Mark schemes
Q1.
C
[1]
Q2.
C
[1]
Q3.
C
[1]
Q4.
D
[1]
Q5.
(a) attempt to use power = mgh/t or P = Fv and v = s/t
C1
7546/7550/7600
A1
W (allow J s–1 and condone N ms–1)
B1
3
(b) loss of GPE = 550 × 9.81 × 35 = 189 kJ
C1
gain in KE = 0.5 × 550 × 222 = 133 kJ
C1
resistance force = their difference/63 (890 N if correct)
A1
answer to 2 sf (allow if answer is from working even
if incorrect)
B1
4
Page 8 of 10
(c) air resistance varies/increases
B1
frictional force varies/increases
B1
further detail: air resistance increases with speed/v
or normal reaction force varies with angle of the slope
B1
3
(d) use of F = mv2/r
C1
arrives at r = 12 m (ignoring the weight)
C1
16.4 m
A1
3
[13]
Q6.
(a) (i) Weight / W / mg − vertically downwards from some point
on the body
B1
Friction − vertically upwards and touching both the
wall and the body
B1
Centripetal force / normal reaction / R − horizontally
to the left from the body
Each must be correct and correctly labelled
Minus one for each additional inappropriate force
B1
3
(ii) Centripetal force / reaction / R is smaller
B1
Frictional force reduces
Frictional force is less than weight
Resultant force is downward
Friction is proportional to (normal) reaction
B1
Page 9 of 10
2
(b) (i) rω2 = 29 or
v2 / r = 29
B1
Use of correct radius leading to 3.590 (rad s−1 ) to at least
3 sig figs
2.54 using wrong r = 1 mark
B1
2
(ii) Angular acceleration, α = 3.6 / 20 OR 3.59 / 20 or 0.18
or 0.1795
C1
3.8 (3.77, 3.78) × 104 cao
A1
N m or kg m2 s−2
B1
3
(iii) 2200 N cao
B1
1
(c) (i) C
B1
1
(ii) Speed greatest (as all PE turned to KE)
B1
Total reaction force = mrω2 + mg or v2 / r + mg or R is
largest or
R = ma + mg
OR
Acceleration = v2 / r
B1
2
[14]
Page 10 of 10
