www.gl.

com

5G Core (5GC) Network Test Solutions

Feb 2023

• 5G Communications Network Lab

• 5G Core Network Emulation -
 MAPS™ 5G N1 N2 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N4 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N8 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N10 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N11 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N12 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N13 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N17 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N20 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N21 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N22 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N29 Interface Emulator
 MAPS™ 5G N51 Interface Emulator
• Monitoring 5G Core Network
• End-to-End Voice, and Data QoS Testing
For more information, please visit 5G Core (5GC) Network Test Solution webpage.

GL Communications Inc.
818 West Diamond Avenue - Third Floor, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

5G Communications Network Lab

GL offers an end-to-end 5G Communication Network Lab (CNL) with all components within the wireless
infrastructure to emulate 5G Core and it provides an advanced full-fledged “Live Network” at premises in any
customized package to suit test requirements. The test suite provides reliable integrated solutions to vendors and
service providers for emulation, monitoring, troubleshooting the wireless network, including, 5G, 4G, 3G and 2G. All
functionalities conform to industry standards.
MAPS™ 5GC Network emulator can emulate multiple UEs and elements such as UE+gNB, AMF, SMF, UPF, AUSF,
UDM, SMSF and EIR which forms the 5GC network. The Emulator is designed to test 5G NR base stations (gNBs) and
5G Core Network Functions (NF) according to 3GPP standards. With the help of mobile phones, and other emulated
wireless networks, the 5G Lab setup can be operated in real-time for making Voice over New Radio
(VoNR) calls and for interworking with PSTN and VoIP networks. It includes ready-to-use scripts, as per IETF
specification. Test scripts include general messaging and call flow scenarios for multimedia call session setup and
control over IP networks.
GL’s MAPS™ supports emulation of 5GC network interfaces - N1N2, N4, N8, N10, N11, N12, N13, N17, N20, N21,
N22, N29, N51, and other GTP interfaces.
Supported procedures include both roaming and non-roaming, including interworking between 5G System (5G RAN
+ 5GC) and Evolved Packet System (4G RAN + EPC), mobility within 5GS, QoS, policy control and charging,
authentication and in general 5G System wide features such as SMS, Location Services, Emergency Services.

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N1N2 Interface Emulator

GL’s Message Automation and Protocol Simulation (MAPS™) is enhanced to test 5G N1N2 interfaces, it can emulate
gNodeB (gNB), and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) according to 3GPP standards.
It supports Non-Access-Stratum (NAS)
signaling on N1 interface between UE and
AMF. It supports NGAP to emulate
signaling services between NG-RAN and
AMF.
In addition to control plane emulation, the
application supports generation and
verification of traffic, including VoNR
(Voice) calls with SIP signaling & RTP
Traffic generation. It also emulate mobile
traffic such as HTTP, FTP, Video by playing
back stateful real capture over established
TCP connection with additional licenses -
Mobile Traffic Core – GTP (ETH101) and Mobile Traffic Core – Gateway (ETH102).
• Setup a virtual real-time scenario simulating 5G interoperability with 4G-LTE network elements
• Emulates UE+gNodeB and AMF nodes
• Supports Control plane signaling and User
plane traffic
• Supported Procedures in N1 and N2
interfaces includes -
− NG Reset
− NG Setup
− Initial Context Setup
− UE Context Release
− Registration
− De-registration
− Primary authentication
− key agreement procedure
− Security mode control
−Identification
• Includes gateway functionality to forward
mobile traffic over GTP to and from 5G N1N2 interface Call Control Procedure at gNodeB Node (Call Generation)
external IP network
• Generate and process NGAP/NAS (valid and invalid) messages

• Emulates tens of thousands of 5G subscribers (Load Testing)

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N4 Interface Emulator

GL’s MAPS™ 5G-N4 Interface Emulator

is an advanced protocol emulator for 5G
emulation over N4 interface that can
emulate PFCP signaling messages as
defined by 3GPP standards. Packet
Forwarding Control Protocol (PFCP)
used on the interface between the
control plane and the user plane
function. As seen in the network
diagram, N4 is the reference point in
the control and user plane separation
(CUPS) architecture.
MAPS™ 5G-N4 can emulate and test Session Management Function (SMF) and User Plane Function (UPF) elements.
SMF in the 5G N4 interface is primarily concerned with managing the UE’s PDU sessions. Its responsibilities include
the establishment, modification, and release of the PDU sessions. UPF in the CUPS architecture is responsible for
handling user data and reporting the traffic usage data to the SMF.

• Emulates Session Management Function (SMF) and User Plane Function (UPF) elements
• Supports 5G Control plane and User plane
• Supported procedures include -
establishment, modification, and
release of the PDU sessions
• Supported Traffic types include
Mobile Traffic, Packet Traffic, and
VoNR
• Generates and process PFCP (valid
and invalid) messages
• Supports GTP Traffic (GTP User
Plane Data), HTTP traffic generation
capability
• Supports customization of call flow
and message templates using Script 5G N4 interface Call Control Procedureat SMF Node (Call Gen-
and Message Editor eration)

• Provides Call Statistics and Events

Status
• Automation, Remote access, and Schedulers to run tests 24/7

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G Service Based Interface Emulator

GL’s MAPS™ 5G System as a Service Based Architecture, includes a set of network functions providing services as
defined in 3GPP standards. The service-based interfaces use HTTP/2 protocol with JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
as the application layer serialization protocol.
Main Features
• Services use REST APIs based on HTTP and JSON data format
• Supports TLS and TCP transport
• Supports scripted call generation and automated call reception
• Supports customization of call flow and message templates using Script Editor and JSON Messages
• Ready-to-use scripts for quick testing
• Provides Call Statistics and Events Status
• Emulates Multiple Subscribers using CSV Profiles
• Automation, Remote access, and Schedulers to run tests 24/7

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N8 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N8 can emulate Unified Data Management (UDM) and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)
within the 5G Core network.
The Network Function UDM is the entity in the 5G Core Network (5GC) supports Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement
Services, Nudm_UEContextManagement Services, Namf_MT Service, Namf_Location Service and
Namf_Communication services via the Nudm and Namf services-based N8 interface.
• Emulate AMF and UDM elements

5G N8 interface Call Generation at AMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N10 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N10 can emulate UDM within the 5G Core offering services to the SMF via the Nudm service-based N10
interface respectively. The 5G network represents the service-based interface, with focus on N10 between UDM and
SMF.
The network function UDM and SMF are the entities in 5G Core Network, which supports the following services via
the Nudm service-based N10 interface respectively.
• Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement Services
• Nudm_UEContextManagement Services:

Emulate UDM and SMF elements5G N10 interface Call Generation at SMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N11 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N11 can emulate Session Management Function (SMF) within the 5G Core offering services to the Access
and Mobility Management Function (AMF) via the Nsmf service-based N11 interface. The network diagram
represents the service-based interface, with focus on N11 between AMF and SMF. Here, both AMF and SMF act as
"NF Producer".
The Network Function SMF and AMF are the entities in 5GC, which supports the following services via the Nsmf and
Namf service-based N11 interface.
• Nsmf_PDUSession: Create SM Context, Update SM Context, Release SM Context, Notify SM Context Status and
Retrieve SM Context operations
• Namf_Communication Service: N1N2 Message Transfer (UE Specific) operations based on N20 interface
• Emulate SMF and AMF elements

5G N11 interface Call Generation at AMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N12 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ N12 emulates Authentication Server Function (AUSF) within the 5G Core offering services to the Access and
Mobility Management Function (AMF) via the Nausf service-based N12 interfaces. The 5G network represents the
service-based interface, with focus on the AUSF and AMF. Here, AUSF act as producer.
The Network Function AUSF is the entity in the 5GC, which supports the following services via the Nausf service-
based N12 interface:
• Nausf_UEAuthentication (Authentication and Key Agreement)
• Nausf_SoRProtection (Steering of Roaming)
• Nausf_UPUProtection (UE Parameters Update)
• Emulate SMF and AMF elements

5G N12 interface Call Generation at AMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N13 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N13 Authentication Server Function (AUSF) within the 5G Core offering services to the User Data
Management (UDM) via the Nausf and Nudm service-based N13 interface respectively. The 5G network represents
the service-based interface, with focus on N13 between AUSF and UDM. Here, UDM acts as producer.
The Network Function AUSF and UDM are the entities in 5GC, which supports the following services via Nudm
service-based N13 interface:
• Nudm_UEAuthentication Services : Get and ResultConfirmation operations
• Emulate AUSF and UDM elements
• Supports Nudm_UEAuthentication Services Procedure

5G N13 interface Call Generation at AUSF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N17 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N17 emulate Equipment Identity Register (EIR) within the 5G core offering services to the AMF via the
N5g-eir service based interface. The 5G network represents the service based interfaces, with focus on the EIR and
AMF.
The EIR and AMF support N5g-eir_EquipmentIdentityCheck Service. In N17 interface, EIR acts as NF Service Producer
and AMF acts as NF Service Consumer .
• Emulate EIR and AMF network functions

• Supports Equipment Identity services via the N5g-eir service based N17 interface

5G N17 Interface Call Generation at AMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N20 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N20 emulates Short Message Service Function (SMSF) within the 5G core offering services to the AMF via
the Nsmsf service-based N20 interface. The 5G network represents the service-based interfaces, with focus on the
SMSF and AMF.
• Emulate SMSF and AMF network function.
• Supported procedures are -
− Nsmsf_SMService : Activate, Deactivate and UplinkSMS (MOSMS)
− Namf_Communication Service : N1N2MessageTransfer(UE Specific) operations based on N20 interface

5G N20 interface Call Generation at AMF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N21 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N21 emulates Unified Data Management (UDM) within the 5G Core offering services to the Short
Message Service Function (SMSF) via the Nudm service-based N21 interface respectively. The 5G network represents
the service-based interface, with focus on N21 between UDM and SMSF. Here UDM node can act as "NF Producer".
The SMSF and UDM are the entities in 5G Core Network, which supports the following services .
• Nudm_UEContextManagement Service
• Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement Service
• Emulates Short Message Service Function and Unified Data Management (UDM) elements

5G N21 interface Call Generation at SMSF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N22 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ N22 emulate Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) within the 5G Core offering services to the Access and
Mobility Management Function (AMF) via the Nnssf service-based N22 interface. The above network architecture
represents the servicebased architecture, with focus on N22 between NSSF and AMF. Here, node NSSF can act as
"NF Producer".
The AMF and NSSF are the entities in 5G Core Network (5GC), which supports the following services .
• Nnssf_NSSelection
• Nnssf_NSSAIAvailability
• Emulates Short Message Service Function and Unified Data Management (UDM) elements

5G N21 interface Call Generation at SMSF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N29 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N29 Interface emulate Network Exposure Function (NEF) within the 5G Core offering services to the
Session Management Function (SMF) via the Nsmf service-based N29 interface. The above network architecture
represents the servicebased architecture, with focus on N29 between NEF and SMF. Here, node NEF can act as "NF
Producer".
The NEF and SMF are the entities in 5G Core Network (5GC), which supports the following services
• UE Subscription for notification for one time event detection
− PDU session release Event
− QFI allocation Event
− UE IP address/prefix change Event

5G N29 interface Call Generation at NEF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Emulation

MAPS™ 5G N51 Interface Emulator

MAPS™ 5G N51 emulate Network Exposure Function (NEF) within the 5G Core offering services to the Access and
Mobility Management Function (AMF) via the Namf service-based N51 interface. The above network architecture
represents the servicebased architecture, with focus on N51 between NEF and AMF. Here, node NEF can act as "NF
Producer".
The NEF and AMF are the entities in 5G Core Network (5GC), which supports the following services
• UE Subscription for notification for one time event detection
− Registration State Change Event
− Connection State Change Event
− Location Report Event
− Presence In Area of Interest Event

5G N51 interface Call Generation at NEF Node

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Monitoring & Diagnosis

5G Network Call Capture

GL's PacketScan™ - an All-IP Network Monitoring software offers powerful features to capture and monitor live
signaling and traffic over IP. PacketScan™ with Voice, Data, and Video QoS capability addresses customers long felt
need of call quality analysis in IP networks.

• Capable of capture, decode and perform various test measurements between any two nodes across various
interfaces of the 5G network
• Support for wide-range of codecs, including AMR and AMR WB – visit Voice Codec webpage for more details.
• Supports QoS parameters such as E-model (G.107) based MOS/R-Factor scores, Media Delivery Index (Delay
Factor: Media Loss Rate) for video calls, Jitter, Delay, and Gap for Audio and Video traffic
• Segregates, captures, and collects statistics on VoIP and Wireless calls
• Live monitoring of traffic statistics - digits, tones, voice, video, and T.38 fax over IPv4 and IPv6 (version 4 and
version 6) networks
• Monitors QoS (quality of service) on voice and video calls
• Supports both real-time and offline analysis
• Trace files for analysis can be loaded through simple command-line arguments
• Decode and analyze N1N2 and N4 protocol stack
• Test gNodeB or UE over N1, N2, N4, N8, N10, N11, N12, N13, N17, N20, and N21 interfaces of 5G network
• The protocols supported for decoding across all these interfaces are NAS, NGAP, GTP-U, SCTP, UDP, TCP, and IP
High-Density Packet Monitoring Tool (PacketScan™ HD): PacketScan™ HD is an high density multi-protocol VoIP
monitoring, reporting and diagnostic network monitoring appliance. It can capture and process high volumes of
communication protocols over IP and Wireless at 1GigE (PKV120) and 10GigE (PKV122) data rates. Visit PacketScan™
for Wireless Networks webpage for more details.

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

5G Core Network Monitoring & Diagnosis

NetSurveyorWeb™ - Centralized System

GL's NetSurveyorWeb™ (PKV170) is a centralized web-based client that facilitates display of call data records and call
summary using a web interface based on a scalable and flexible architecture. It is used in conjunction with GL's LTE
Protocol Analyzer and IMS Protocol Analyzer probes to non-intrusively monitor the entire network from a central
remote testing location.
GL's 5G Protocol Analyzers have unlimited ability to capture, decode, and measure KPIs. The analyzers support
decoding of all 5G protocols. GL's 5G protocol analysis probes feed data to centralized database (Oracle) in real-time
for further analysis. The probes provide instant visibility into the performance with extensive KPIs, and also the
operation of nodes in 5G networks.
For more information, refer to NetSurveyorWeb™ - Centralized System webpage.

NetSurveyorWeb™ Lite - Distributed Probe Level System

NetSurveyorWeb™ Lite (PKV169) is an integrated and a cost-effective monitoring system that works at the probe-
level as an addon tool with all real-time Protocol Analyzers. It is a web-based client that allows to view historical and
real-time call data records. It enhances the capabilities of protocol analyzer to process large volumes of calls, filter
for specific calls, build custom statistics and KPIs, automation and graphical features to analyze the call detail records
(CDRs).
For more information on Lite version, refer to NetSurveyorWeb™ Lite System webpage.

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]

End-to-End Voice, Data QoS Testing

Using GL’s VQuad™ with the Dual UTA HD, or all-in-one VQuad™ Probe HD, along with centralized analytical tools,
voice as well as data quality can be tested simultaneously on a wireless or wired network.

Since the GL’s VQuad™ solution is network independent, all Voice and Data networks are supported including 3G,
WiMax, 4G LTE, Advanced LTE and the 5G.
GL’s VQuad™ NetTest solution provides automated data testing on Mobile Devices (Android and Apple) as well as PC
based internet connections. The Data Testing includes TCP, UDP, HTTP, FTP, DNS, VoIP, SMS, and Email tests.
GL’s Voice Quality Testing (VQT) supports automated voice quality between any two nodes within the network using
latest ITU based algorithms including Perceptual Objective Listening Quality - POLQA (ITU-P.863) and PESQ (ITU-
P.862). The POLQA algorithm is specifically used for testing Wideband voice networks.

Visit Complete Voice and Data Quality webpage for more details.

5G Network Voice, & Data Quality Testing

VQuad™ Probe HD is a self-contained unit used to objectively evaluate

Signal Strength, Voice, & Data Quality on Cellular networks (5G, 4G
VoLTE, 3G, 2G), Land Mobile Radios, and Wired networks.
It includes VQuad™ software, Dual Universal Telephone Adapter (Dual
UTA HD), and NUC in a portable platform. VQuad™ Probe HD can connect
to practically any end-point, wired or wireless devices, independent of
VQuad™ Probe HD underlying network type.
Various associated analytical applications (Voice Quality, Data tests, Echo
and Delay tests, Fax tests, Voice Band Analysis) work with the base
VQuad™ software to provide "end-to-end assessment" of the network
performance.
GL’s Voice Quality Testing (VQT) supports automated voice quality
between using - POLQA (ITU-P.863) and PESQ (ITU-P.862). The POLQA
algorithm is specifically used for testing Wideband 5G networks.
GL’s VQuad™ NetTest solution supports egress/ingress Data analysis
along with Voice Quality Testing and GPS.
Dual UTA HD unit

www.gl.com Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected]