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Pressure Variation in Liquids

The document discusses the principles of pressure in a liquid column, detailing the forces acting at points A and B, with pressure at A acting upwards and pressure at B acting downwards. It establishes the relationship between pressures and the weight of the liquid, leading to the equation pA = pB + hρg, indicating that pressure increases with depth in a homogeneous liquid. Additionally, it introduces the concept of pressure in heterogeneous liquids, referencing a point P at a certain depth and considering another point Q just below it.

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Ahmed Assaf
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39 views1 page

Pressure Variation in Liquids

The document discusses the principles of pressure in a liquid column, detailing the forces acting at points A and B, with pressure at A acting upwards and pressure at B acting downwards. It establishes the relationship between pressures and the weight of the liquid, leading to the equation pA = pB + hρg, indicating that pressure increases with depth in a homogeneous liquid. Additionally, it introduces the concept of pressure in heterogeneous liquids, referencing a point P at a certain depth and considering another point Q just below it.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Assaf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

pB

B
h

A
pA

(i) pA s, the pressure at the end A acts vertically upwards,


(ii) pB s, the pressure at the end B acts vertically downwards,
(iii) s h ρ g, the weight of the liquid in the cylinder acts vertically
downwards.
(iv) Pressures on the curved surfaces act in the direction perpen-
dicular to AB.
Resolving the forces, vertically,

pB  s + s h  g − pA  s = 0  pA = pB + h  g
Note. If the atmospheric pressure is considered negligible, then
pA = ρ g h, i.e.
Pressure at a point inside a homogeneous liquid, varies as the
depth of the point
below tree surface.

Case II. When the liquid is heterogeneous:


Let P be any point inside a heterogeneous liquid at a depth
x below the free surface. Just below the point at a depth dx con-
sider another point Q.

85

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