ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res.

12(09), 558-563

Journal Homepage: - [Link]

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/19487

DOI URL: [Link]

RESEARCH ARTICLE
ORGANIC FERTILIZER: NEED OF INDIA

Amar Kumar
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Manuscript Info Abstract
……………………. ………………………………………………………………
Manuscript History Organic fertilizers are naturally available mineral sources that contain
Received: 18 July 2024 moderate amount of plant essential nutrients. They are capable of
Final Accepted: 20 August 2024 mitigating problems associated with synthetic fertilizers. They reduce
Published: September 2024 the necessity of repeated application of synthetic fertilizers to maintain
soil fertility. They gradually release nutrients into the soil solution and
Key words:-
Organic Fertilizer, Save Soli, Organic maintain nutrient balance for healthy growth of crop plants. They also
Farming, Organic Products, Healthy act as an effective energy source of soil microbes which in turn
Produce, Rural Agriculture, Smart improve soil structure and crop growth. Organic fertilizers are
Agriculture
generally thought to be slow releasing fertilizers and they contain many
trace elements. They are safer alternatives to chemical fertilizers.
However, the improper use of organic fertilizers leads to
overfertilization or nutrient deficiency in the soil. Hence, controlled
release of organic fertilizers is an effective and advanced way to
overcome these impacts and maintain sustainable agriculture yield.[a]

Copyright, IJAR, 2024,. All rights reserved.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
Introduction:-
Organic fertilizer refers to those organic amendments applied to soils, other than direct deposition of excreta by
grazing animals, and includes animal manure, sewage sludge and compost, along with rendering waste, guano,
brewery waste, digestate and other bio-wastes. Organic fertilizer inputs in agricultural fields in the present scenario
has significant environmental benefits over the use of chemical fertilizers and the practice has gained much
[Link] waste fermentation process plays the preliminary but indispensable role in the whole organic
fertilizer production process. Composting can convert food waste into hygienic, humus-rich,relatively stable product
that conditions soils and nourishes plants.[1]

Organic farming, also known as ecological farming or biological farming,[2] is an agricultural system that uses
fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on
techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. It originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly
changing farming practices. Certified organic agriculture accounts for 70 million hectares (170 million acres)
globally, with over half of that total in Australia.[3] Biological pest control, mixed cropping, and the fostering of
insect predators are encouraged. Organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally-occurring substances
while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances.[4] For instance, naturally-occurring pesticides such as
pyrethrin are permitted, while synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are generally prohibited. Synthetic substances that
are allowed include, for example, copper sulfate, elemental sulfur, and veterinary drugs. Genetically modified
organisms, nanomaterials, human sewage sludge, plant growth regulators, hormones, and antibiotic use in livestock
husbandry are prohibited.[5] Organic farming advocates claim advantages in sustainability,[6] openness, self-
sufficiency, autonomy and independence,[7] health, food security, and food safety.

Corresponding Author:- Amar Kumar 558

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Organic agricultural methods are internationally regulated and legally enforced by transnational organizations (as
European Union) and many nations, based in large part on the standards set by the International Federation of
Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), an international umbrella organization for organic farming organizations
established in 1972.[8] Organic agriculture can be defined as "an integrated farming system that strives for
sustainability, the enhancement of soil fertility and biological diversity while, with rare exceptions, prohibiting
synthetic pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, and growth hormones".[9]

Since 1990, the market for organic food and other products has grown rapidly, reaching $63 billion worldwide in
2012.[10]: 25 This demand has driven a similar increase in organically managed farmland that grew from 2001 to
2011 at a compounding rate of 8.9% per year.[11]

As of 2022, approximately 96,000,000 hectares (240,000,000 acres) worldwide were farmed organically,
representing approximately 2% of total world farmland.[12]

Organic farming can be beneficial on biodiversity and environmental protection at local level. However, because
organic farming has sometimes lower yields compared to intensive farming, additional agricultural land is needed
elsewhere in the world, which means that natural and forest land has to be converted into agricultural land. This can
cause loss of biodiversity and negative climate effects that sometimes outweigh the local environmental gains
achieved. This lower yields does not include dry lands.[13] Food waste of industrial agriculture must be
taken into account.

Comparison of organic fertilizer & other:

Parameters Chemical Fertilizer Organic fertilizer

Price Rupees 80 per kg Rupees 60 per kg [13]

Water usage When chemical fertilizers are used When Organic Fertilizers are used in
in agriculture then the sand needs agriculture then the sand needs not
more water for agricultural purpose. more water or less water than
For Instance, the land is to be chemical fertilizers for agricultural
irrigated for almost 4 to 5 times in a purpose, For instance, the land is to
year. be irrigated only 2 times in a year.
Eco friendliness Chemical Fertilizers are nor more Organic Fertilizers are eco friendly
environmental friendly. in nature.
Positive and negative points Chemical Fertilizers are harmful not Organic fertilizers are neither
only for humans but also for animals harmful for humans nor for animals
and plants. and plants.
The only benefit is that chemical The only thing is that it takes time to
fertilizers show quicker results. give result.
Benefit to soil Chemical fertilizer decreases the soil As organic fertilizer break down
pH level. [14] they improve the structure of the soil
and increase its ability to hold water
and nutrient. [15]
Soil Microfauna It results in killing of soil Causes and increases soil
microfauna microfauna.[16]
Nature This are non-biodegradable in nature Organic fertilizers are renewable,
and are not ecofriendly. [18] biodegradable, sustainable and
environmental friendly in nature.
[17]

Methodology:-
Organic Fertilizers are eco-friendly in nature. Continuous use of chemical fertilizers has brought about a great
change in the structure and texture of the soil. Due to this change, the soil has become moisture-free and [Link] of
organic fertilizers becomes essential for moisture conservation in rainfed areas. By using this, agricultural
production can be increased by supplying nutrients at cheap rates to the cultivable land as per the requirement.

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Organic fertilizer is easy and cheap to prepare, and compared to chemical fertilizers, its use does not cause any harm
to the crop and soil. Use of organic fertilizers not only fulfills the essential nutrients of the soil but also increases its
physical and biological [Link], it is necessary that to get more agricultural production, along with soil
testing, the use of organic fertilizers should be promoted instead of chemical fertilizers as per the requirement of the
[Link] process for making organic fertilizer:
1. Collected the vegetable waste, cow dung and sand.
2. Firstly, Cow dung layer of 1 fist was kept in a pot.
3. Vegetable layer of 1 fist was added on the cow layer.
4. Sand layer of 1 fist was added on vegetable layer.
5. Again, Vegetable layer of 1 fist was added
6. Cow dung layer of 1 fist was added
7. Finally, it was kept close for 2 weeks

After two weeks finally the fertilizer is ready to use.

Figure A:- Cow Dung.

Figure B:- Vegetable Waste.

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Figure C:- Organic Fertilizer.

Comparison using Experimentation :

Experiment done on brinjal plant using organic fertilizer

Figure A:- Brinjal plant before using organic fertilizer.

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Figure B:- Brinjal plant after using organic fertilizer.

Result Analysis of Brinjal Plant:-

The Brinjal plant showed good growth in 2 weeks after using organic fertilizer in a dried Brinjal plant. As seen in
the figure the brinjal plant has not only turned out green but also has bloomed one flower and similarly few brinjals
will also be seen on the plant. This process has taken place without using any chemical and hence it is environmental
friendly and healthy.

Conclusion:-
The use of organic fertilizers plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture and for improving soil health. They
are easily available at low cost and also very easy to apply in fields. The crop yield increases by 10–25% by
increasing organic fertilizers. They are of the main prerequisites of organic farm management. Application of
organic fertilizers has proven beneficial for effective production of crops. [19] Organic fertilizer also helps maintain
soil structure, makes the soil more resistant to erosion, and helps with water infiltration. In these ways, organic
fertilizers can help keep nutrient and water cycling balanced in the ecosystem. Since chemical fertilizers have a
negative impact on soil fertility, biofertilizers have been developed. These are substances that include
microorganisms, latent cells, or both. They give the soil the nutrients and microorganisms the plants
need to develop.

References:-
[a][Link]
fertilizer#:~:text=Abstract,problems%20associated%20with%20synthetic%20fertilizers
[1] [Link]
fertilizer#:~:text=Organic%20fertilizer%20refers%20to%20those,digestate%20and%20other%20bio%2Dwastes
[2] Labelling, article 30 of Regulation (EU) 2018/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May
2024 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007.

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[3] [Link], John (2019). "Organic Agriculture in Australia: Attaining the Global Majority (51%)". Journal of
Environment Protection and Sustainable Development – via [Link].
[4] McEvoy, Miles (27 October 2020). "Organic 101: Allowed and Prohibited Substances". USDA. Retrieved
30 September 2023.
[5][Link]
0in%20food%20and%20agriculture%3A%20The%20big%20issue%20of%20small%20matter%20for%20organic%
20food%20and%20farming%22%2C%20Proceedings%20of%20the%20Third%20Scientific%20Conference%20of
%20ISOFAR%20(International%20Society%20of%20Organic%20Agriculture%20Research)%2C%2028%20Septe
mber%20%E2%80%93%201%20October%2C%20Namyangju%2C%20Korea.%2C%202%3A96%2D99
USDA List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances in Organic Agriculture". USDA List of Allowed and Prohibited
Substances in Organic Agriculture. USDA. 4 April 2016. Archived from the original on 28 December 2015.
Retrieved 6 April 2016.
[6]Arsenault, Chris. "Only 60 Years of Farming Left If Soil Degradation Continues". Scientific American. Retrieved
29 May 2016.
[7]Coleman, Eliot (1995), The New Organic Grower: A Master's Manual of Tools and Techniques for the Home and
Market Gardener (2nd ed.), Chelsea Green Publishing Company, pp. 65, 108, ISBN 978-0930031756.
[8]Paull, John "From France to the World: The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
(IFOAM)", Journal of Social Research & Policy, 2010, 1(2):93-102.
[9] Danielle Treadwell, Jim Riddle, Mary Barbercheck, Deborah Cavanaugh-Grant, Ed Zaborski, Cooperative
Extension System, What is organic farming? Archived 3 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine
[10]Helga Willer, Julia Lernoud and Robert Home The World of Organic Agriculture: Statistics & Emerging Trends
2013, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL) and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture
Movements (IFOAM, 2013).
[11]Paull, John (2011) "The Uptake of Organic Agriculture: A Decade of Worldwide Development", Journal of
Social and Development Sciences, 2 (3), pp. 111-120.
[12]The World of Organic Agriculture - Statistics & Emerging Trends 2024" (PDF). Research Institute of Organic
Agriculture and IFOAM - Organics International. p. 12. Retrieved 25 February 2024
[13]Google (rate of organic as well as chemical fertilizer)
[14] [Link]
[15]/[16]/[17] [Link]
fertilizers-and-which-is-
better#:~:text=A%20Chemical%20fertiliser%20is%20defined,essential%20nutrients%20for%20plant%20growth
[18] [Link]
are/#:~:text=Fertilizers%20are%20chemical%20substances%20that,essential%20nutrients%20to%20the%20plants
[19][Link]
fertilizer#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20organic%20fertilizers,25%25%20by%20increasing%20organic%20fertilize
rs.

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