GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

JOHANNESBURG NORTH DISTRICT

2021
GRADE 12

MATHEMATICS
PAPER 1
PRE-TRIAL EXAM

MARKING GUIDELINES
EXAMINER: V. T. SIBANDA MODERATOR: T. A. SAMBO

MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 HOURS
DATE: 13 AUGUST 2021

P a g e 1 | 12
QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION
1.1.1 2
4𝑥 − 25 = 0  factors
(2𝑥 − 5)(2𝑥 + 5) = 0
5 5
𝑥 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −  Answers
2 2

OR
(3)
4𝑥 2 = 25
25
𝑥2 = 25
4 𝑥 2 =
4
25 25
√𝑥 2 = ±√ ±√
4 4

5 5 Answer
𝑥 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −
2 2

1.1.2 3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 4 = 0  standard form

−5 ± √52 − 4(3)(−4)  correct substitution
𝑥=
2(3)
−5 ± √73
𝑥=
6
𝑥 = −2,26 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0,59  Answers

OR
(4)
3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 = 4
5𝑥 25 4 25 25
𝑥2 + + = + for adding
36
both sides
3 36 3 36
2
5 73
(𝑥 + ) = 𝑥 = − ±
5 √73
6 36 6 6
5 √73
𝑥= − ±
6 6
𝑥 = −2,26 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0,59  Answers

1.1.3 2𝑥 − 5 ∙ 2𝑥+1 = −144

2𝑥 (1 − 5.2) = −144 Factorise
2𝑥 (−9) − 144
2𝑥 = 16 Simplification
2𝑥 = 24
∴𝑥=4 Answer (3)
1.1.4 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3 > 0
(𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 + 3) > 0
3 critical values
𝑥 > 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < −
2
3 notation
or (−∞, − 2 ∪ (1; ∞)

P a g e 2 | 12
 (3)
or

or

1.2.1 4𝑥+2 ∙ 8𝑦+1 = 21−𝑥

2 2(𝑥+2)
∙ 23(𝑦+1) = 21−𝑥 Exponential Law
2𝑥 + 4 + 3𝑦 + 3 = 1 − 𝑥 Exponential Law
3𝑦 = −3𝑥 − 6
𝑦 = −𝑥 − 2

Simplify (3)

1.2.2 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 2……(1)
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 = 7…….(2)
substitute for 𝑦 in (2) using expression from (1)
𝑥 2 + (−𝑥 − 2)2 + 𝑥(−𝑥 − 2) = 7 Substitution
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 − 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 7
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 Standard form
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 3) = 0 Factors
𝑥 = 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −3 x-values
∴ 𝑦 = −(1) − 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −(−3) − 2 y-values (5)
𝑦 = −3 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 1
1.3 6𝑥 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 𝑔 = 0
6𝑥 2 + 2𝑥(𝑔 − 3) − 𝑔 = 0 coefficient of x
∆= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
∆= (2𝑔 − 3)2 − 4(6)(−𝑔) correct substitution into
∆= 4𝑔2 − 12𝑔 + 9 + 24𝑔 formula
∆= 𝑔2 + 12𝑔 + 9
∆= (2𝑔 + 3)2 factors

∴ ∆ = 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠. conclusion (4)

[25]

P a g e 3 | 12
QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION
2.1 37 − 𝑥 − (𝑥 + 5) = 𝑥 + 13 − (37 − 𝑥) use of common
37 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 5 = 𝑥 + 13 − 37 + 𝑥 difference for an AP
−4𝑥 = −56 Simplification
𝑥 = 14 Answer (3)
2.2 T1 =19, T2 = 23, T3 = 27
d=4
𝑇𝑛 = 19 + (𝑛 − 1)4 Correct substitution
𝑇𝑛 = 4𝑛 + 15 Answer (3)

2.3 𝑎(𝑟 𝑛 − 1)
𝑆3 = ;𝑟 ≠ 1
𝑟−1
𝑎(33 − 1) Formula
91 = Substitution
3−1
𝑎. 26 Answer
91 =
2
𝑎=7
OR
91 = 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑟 + 𝑎𝑟 2 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑟 + 𝑎𝑟 2
91 = 𝑎 + 3𝑎 + 9𝑎 Simplification
91 = 13𝑎 Answer
𝑎=7
(3)

2.4 𝑎
𝑆∞ = ; −1 < 𝑟 < 1
1−𝑟

375 𝑎
=
4 1−𝑟

375(1 − 𝑟) = 4𝑎

375(1 − 𝑟)
𝑎= … … . . 𝑒𝑞 1
4  Equation 1

𝑎(𝑟 2 − 1)  Equation 2
𝑆2 = … … . . 𝑒𝑞 2
𝑟−1
𝑎(𝑟 − 1)(𝑟 + 1)
90 =
𝑟−1

375(1 − 𝑟)(𝑟 + 1)  Substitution

90 =
4
−375(𝑟 − 1)(𝑟 + 1)
90 =
4
375(𝑟 2 − 1)
90 =
4

P a g e 4 | 12
 1
𝑟2 =  Simplification
25
1 1
𝑟 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑟 = −
5 5
1 1
375(1− ) 375(1−(− )) 225 Answers
5 5
𝑎= = 75 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = = (6)
4 4 2

2.5.1 32699 32896 33091 33284 33475

1st difference 197 195 193 191  1st difference and 2nd
nd
2 difference −2 −2 −2 difference
The 2nd difference is constant, therefore pattern is quadratic.  conclusion (2)
2.5.2 𝑇𝑛 = 197 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2) correct substitution
𝑇𝑛 = 199 − 2𝑛 𝑇𝑛 = 199 − 2𝑛
(2)

2.5.3 2𝑎 = −2 ∴ 𝑎 = −1 a
3𝑎 + 𝑏 = 197 b
3(−1) + 𝑏 = 197 ∴ 𝑏 = 200 c
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 32699
−1 + 200 + 𝑐 = 32699 ∴ 𝑐 = 32 500
2
𝑇𝑛 = −𝑛 + 200𝑛 + 32 500  Tn (4)

2.5.4 𝑇𝑛′ = −2𝑛 + 200

1st derivative: 1st derivate
0 = −2𝑛 + 200 Answer
𝑛 = 100
Maximum will be on the 100th day.

OR

Complete square:
−𝑇𝑛 = 𝑛2 − 200𝑛 − 32 500 complete the square
−𝑇𝑛 = 𝑛 − 200𝑛 + (−100)2 − 32 500 − (−100)2
2 Answer
−𝑇𝑛 = (𝑛 − 100)2 − 42500
𝑇𝑛 = −(𝑛 − 100)2 + 42500 (3)
by inspection, maximum will be on the 100th day.

[26]

P a g e 5 | 12
QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION
3.1 A(0; 6) Answer (1)
3.2 𝑏 5
𝑥=− = − = 2,5 ∴ 𝑆(5; 6) using axis of symmetry:
2𝑎 2(−1)
x-value
y-value
OR
𝑦 =𝑥+1 Equating equation to 6
6=𝑥+1 x-value
𝑥=5
𝑆(5; 6)
OR
𝑦 = −𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 Equating equation to 6
6 = −𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 x-value
−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 = 0
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 5
𝑆(5; 6)
OR Equating equations
2  valid x-value
−𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 6 = 𝑥 + 1
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 1 = 0
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
𝑥 = 5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1 (2)
Valid 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒: 𝑥 = 5 ∴ 𝑆(5; 6)
3.3 −𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 = 0
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 6 = 0
(𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 1) = 0  Factors
  Answers
𝑥 = 6 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1
𝐵(−1; 0) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶(6; 0) (3)

3.4 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥) = 5 Subtract g from f

2
−𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 6 − (𝑥 + 1) = 5 Equate to 5
−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 − 𝑥 − 1 = 5 Solve for x
State OR = 4 units
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 − 4) = 0 (4)
𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 4
𝑂𝑅 = 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

3.5.1 𝑏 5 5 Formula
𝑥=− = − = 2,5 𝑜𝑟 CA axis of symmetry
2𝑎 2(−1) 2
CA substitution
P a g e 6 | 12
 49 CA Answer
𝑓(2,5) = −(2,5)2 + 5(2,5) + 6 = 12,25 𝑜𝑟
4
5 49
𝑀(2,5; 12,25) 𝑜𝑟 𝑀 ( ; )
2 4

OR Midpoint Formula
−1 + 6 5 CA axis of symmetry
𝑥= =
2 2 CA substitution
49 CA Answer
𝑦 = −(2,5)2 + 5(2,5) + 6 =
4
5 49
𝑀( ; )
2 4
OR
5 1st derivative equal to 0
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −2𝑥 + 5 = 0 ∴𝑥= CA axis of symmetry
2 CA substitution
5 2 5 49
𝑦 = −( ) + 5 ( ) + 6 = CA Answer
2 2 4 (4)

3.5.2 𝑃𝑄 = −𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 PQ in terms of x

(𝑃𝑄)′ = −2𝑥 + 4 = 0 ∴𝑥=2 1st derivative equal to 0
𝑃𝑄 𝑚𝑎𝑥. = −(2)2 + 4(2) + 5 = 9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 CA x-value
OR CA Answer

PQ in terms of x
𝑏 4 substitution
𝑥=− = − =2
2𝑎 2(−1) CA x-value
𝑃𝑄 𝑚𝑎𝑥. = −(2)2 + 4(2) + 5 = 9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 CA Answer
(4)
[19]

QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION

𝑥
4.1 𝑦=2
when x = 0
𝑓(0) = 20 = 1
thus C(0; 1) y-intercept
𝑔(𝑥) = −(𝑥 − 1)2 + 𝑞 Substitute and simplify
1 = −(0 − 1)2 + 𝑞 (2)
𝑞=2

4.2 𝑔(𝑥) = −(𝑥 − 1)2 + 2

D(1; 2) Answer
(2)
4.3 t=2  Answer (1)
4.4 −1
𝑓 :𝑥 = 2 𝑦 Answer
𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑥 (2)

P a g e 7 | 12
4.5 form of the graph
x-intercept
any other coordinate on
the graph
(3)

4.6 𝑔(𝑥) = −(𝑥 − 1)2 + 2

𝑔(𝑥 + 1) − 2 = −(𝑥 + 1 − 1)2 + 2 − 2 correct substitution into g
ℎ(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 Answer
4.7 Domain: 𝑥 ≥ 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥≤0 Answer

[13]

QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION

𝑛
5.1.1 𝐴 = 𝑃(1 − 𝑖)
79 866,96 = 180 000(1 − 0,15)𝑛 Substitution
79 866,96 = 180 000(0,85)𝑛
79 866,96
(0,85)𝑛 =
180 000
79 866,96
log ( 180 000 )
𝑛=
log(0,85) use of logs.
𝑛 = 4,999 … 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
𝑛 = 5 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠

Answer

(3)

5.1.2 𝑖 𝑛×4
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + )
4
values of i and n.
0,1 5×4 substitution
𝐴 = 49 000 (1 + )
4
𝐴 = 𝑅80 292,21
Yes, the money will be enough to buy the car. conclusion (consistent
with answer) (3)
5.2.1 𝑥[1 − (1 + 𝑖)−𝑛 ]
𝑃=
𝑖
0,1025 −234
7853,15 [1 − (1 + 12 ) ] n = 234
0,1025
𝑃= i =
0,1025 12
12 substitution into present
= 𝑅793 749,25 value formula
Answer

P a g e 8 | 12
 OR

Balance outstanding =
0,1025 6
7853,15 [(1 +
0,1025 6 12 ) − 1] n = 6 in both
= 800 000 (1 + ) − i =
0,1025
12 0,1025 12
12 A – F
= 841 885,56 − 48 136,62 Answer
= 𝑅793 748,94 (4)
5.2.2 𝐴 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑖)𝑛
0,1025 3
0,1025 3  793 749,25 (1 + )
𝐴 = 793 749,25 (1 + ) 12
12
= 𝑅814 263,3052

New instalment:
𝑥[1 − (1 + 𝑖)−𝑛 ]
𝑃=
𝑖

0,1025 −231  n = 231

𝑥[1 − (1 +
12 ) ]
814 263,3052 =  substitution for new P
0,1025 substitution for n and i
12 Answer
= 𝑅8 089,20 (5)

[15]
QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION
2
6.1 𝑓(𝑥) = −3𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) 1st principles formula
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
′ (𝑥)
−3(𝑥 + ℎ) − 3𝑥 2
𝑓 = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
′ (𝑥)
−3𝑥 − 6𝑥ℎ − 3ℎ2 + 3𝑥 2
𝑓 = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
−6𝑥ℎ − 3ℎ2 −6𝑥ℎ − 3ℎ2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim ℎ(−6𝑥−3ℎ)
ℎ→0 ℎ 
ℎ(−6𝑥 − 3ℎ) ℎ
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim Answer
ℎ→0 ℎ (4)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −6𝑥
6.2 3
𝑦 = 7𝑥 4 − 5√𝑥 − 1
𝑥  7𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 −1
1
𝑦 = 7𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 −1 28𝑥 3
1
𝑑𝑦 5 1 5 −
= 28𝑥 3 − 𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −2 − 𝑥 2
2
𝑑𝑥 2
+3𝑥 −2 (4)

6.3 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 − 24𝑥 + 𝑏

𝑔′(𝑥) = 3𝑎𝑥 2 − 24 1st derivative of g
0 = 3𝑎𝑥 2 − 24
P a g e 9 | 12
 0 = 3𝑎(−2)2 − 24 equating 1st derivative to
12𝑎 = 24 0 and substituting x = −2
𝑎=2 Answer for a
17 = 2(−2)3 − 24(−2) + 𝑏
17 = −16 + 48 + 𝑏 substituting x = −2 and
𝑏 = −15 y=17 into g
Answer for b
(5)

[13]

QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION

7.1.1 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 3
0 = (𝑥 − 3)(−2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1) −2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
𝑥 − 3 = 0 𝑜𝑟 − 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0 (3; 0)
𝑥 = 3 𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1 = 0
(3; 0) (2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) = 0 factors or formula
2𝑥 − 1 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 + 1 = 0
1
𝑥 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1
2
1 both coordinates
( ; 0) (−1; 0)
2 1
( ; 0) (−1; 0)
2
(4)

7.1.2 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 3

𝑓′(𝑥) = −6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 4 −6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 4
3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2 = 0 equating 1st derivative to
(3𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 2) = 0 0
1 factors or formula
𝑥 = − 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
3 Answers
(4)
7.1.3 𝑓′(𝑥) = −6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 4
𝑓 ′′(𝑥) = −12𝑥 + 10 2nd derivative
0 = −12𝑥 + 10
12𝑥 = 10
5
𝑥=
6

5 Answer
∴𝑥<
6 (2)

P a g e 10 | 12
7.2.1

form
both x-intercepts
x-value of both turning
points
x-value of point of
inflection
(4)

7.2.2 𝑥 < −2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 2; 𝑥≠4 𝑥 < −2

𝑥 > 2
𝑥 ≠ 4
(3)
[17]

QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION

2
8.1 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑡 + 15𝑡
𝑣 = 𝑠′(𝑡) = (2𝑡 + 15)𝑚/𝑠  Answer (2)
8.2 𝑣 = 𝑠′(𝑡) = (2𝑡 + 15)𝑚/𝑠 CA Answer
𝑣 = 𝑠 ′ (25) = 2(25) + 15 = 65𝑚/𝑠 (2)
8.3 𝑣 = 𝑠′(𝑡) = (2𝑡 + 15)𝑚/𝑠
𝑎 = 𝑠′′(𝑡) = 2𝑚/𝑠 2 Answer (1)
8.4 𝑎 = 𝑠′′(𝑡) = 2𝑚/𝑠 2 Answer (1)
8.5 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑡 2 + 15𝑡 = 250 Equating s(t) = 250
𝑡 2 + 15𝑡 − 250 = 0
(𝑡 + 25)(𝑡 − 10) = 0 Factors
𝑡 = −25 𝑜𝑟 𝑡 = 10
∴ 𝑡 = 10𝑠 t = 10s
′(𝑡)
𝑣=𝑠 = 2(10) + 15 = 35𝑚/𝑠 Answer
(4)
[10]

QUESTION CALCULATION MARK ALLOCATION

P a g e 11 | 12
9.1

12

5; 12; 24

2y+3; y; y

x
(4)

9.2 2𝑦 + 3 + 5 + 𝑥 + 12 = 5 + 𝑥 + 24 + 𝑦 Equate expressions for

𝑦 = 16 Maths and Accounting
Answer for y
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 5 + 24 = 60
Answer for x
𝑥 + 16 + 5 + 24 = 60 (4)
𝑥 = 15

9.3 2𝑦 + 3 + 5 + 12 + 𝑥 + 24
𝑃(𝑀 𝑜𝑟 𝑃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴) = 2𝑦 + 3 + 5 + 12
135
32 + 3 + 5 + 12 + 12 + 24
= x+24
135
91
𝑜𝑟 0,67 Answer
135
(3)

[12]

TOTAL: 150

P a g e 12 | 12