UNIT - 2: ALGEBRA AND GRAPHS
E2.3 – ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS
LESSON 2
DATE : 13 / 11 / 24
EXERCISES 10.10, 10.11, 14.10 & 14.11 ( Course book)
Answers:
HW Check
13 / 11 / 24 Algebraic Fractions
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
DO NOW ACTIVITY (DNA)
Last year Last month
Students will be able to add
and subtract algebraic
fractions.
Work out 5% of £40 18
Students will be able to multiply Last week Last lesson
algebraic fractions.
Students will be able to divide
algebraic fractions.
KEY WORDS: Add, cancel, common denominator, divide, expand, factorise,
multiply, simplify, subtract, term
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C Mastering
Securing I can effectively divide
I can confidently algebraic fractions.
E D multiply algebraic
Emerging Developing fractions.
I can find an I can add and subtract
appropriate common algebraic fractions.
denominator for
adding/subtracting
fractions. A – A*
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Ex.1Work out: Ex.2Work out:
𝑥+2 𝑥−4 4 5
Solution
Solution
− +
3 5 𝑥+3 𝑥−2
𝑥+2 𝑥 − 4 5(𝑥 + 2) 3(𝑥 − 4) 4 5 = 4(𝑥 − 2) + 5(𝑥 + 3)
− = − +
3 5 15 15 𝑥+3 𝑥−2 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
Examples
Find a common
5(𝑥 + 2) − 3(𝑥 − 4)
Find a common
4𝑥 − 8 + 5𝑥 + 15
denominator. = denominator. =
Write as a single fraction. 15 Write as a single (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
5𝑥 + 10 − 3𝑥 + 12 fraction straight away.
9𝑥 + 7
= =
Expand and keep a close 15 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
focus no the negative signs.
2𝑥 + 22
=
15
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Speed and Accuracy
Q.1 Write the following as a single fraction in its simplest form.
Self-Assessment
Solution
2 5 7𝑥 + 10 2 4 3𝑥 + 7
[a] + = [e] − =
𝑥+2 𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥+1 𝑥+2 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2)
1 5 7𝑥 + 25 5 9 4𝑥 − 28
[b] + = [f] − =
𝑥 + 5 2𝑥 2𝑥(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥 + 3 𝑥 + 11 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 11)
3 4 7𝑥 + 26 10 2 56𝑥 − 36
[c] + = [g] + =
𝑥+5 𝑥+2 (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 2) 3𝑥 + 2 5𝑥 − 4 (3𝑥 + 2)(5𝑥 − 4)
6 3 3𝑥 − 9 2 5 18𝑥 + 3
[d] − = [h] + =
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1) 2𝑥 + 1 4𝑥 − 1 (2𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 − 1)
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C
Mastering
Securing
I can confidently I can effectively divide
multiply algebraic algebraic fractions.
E D
Emerging Developing fractions.
I can find an I can add and
appropriate common subtract algebraic
denominator for fractions.
adding/subtracting
fractions.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Multiplying Algebraic Fractions
To multiply algebraic fractions:
1) factorise the numerator and/or denominator
2) cancel common factors
3) multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators
Examples
Examples
𝟑
𝟒
( )
( )
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
5)
• Simplify
x 4a 2ax
1) ´ =
Peer-Assessment
2 y y
7 m 7
2) ´ =
m 2 2 2m
6)
1 3 3
3) 2
´ = 2
x y x y
3( x - 7 ) 10x 6x
4) ´ =
5 ( x - 2)( x - 7 ) x - 2
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
C B
Securing Mastering
I can confidently I can effectively divide
D multiply algebraic algebraic fractions.
E
Emerging Developing fractions.
I can find an I can add and
appropriate common subtract algebraic
denominator for fractions.
adding/subtracting
fractions.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Dividing Algebraic Fractions
To divide algebraic fractions:
1) factorise the numerator and/or denominator
2) flip the second fraction and change ÷ to ×
3) cancel common factors
Examples
4) multiply the numerators, multiply the denominators
Examples
𝟓
𝟑 𝟕
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
9)
• Simplify
2
æ xö x2
Think-Pair-Share
5) ç ÷ = 2
è 2y ø 4y
a a 3 10)
6) ¸ =
2 3 2
10 p 28 p 2 45
7) ¸ =
3 27 14 p
x 2 + 17x + 30 9 ( x + 15 ) 5x ( x + 2 )
8) ¸ =
4 ( x + 9) 20x 9( x + 9)
Critical-
thinking
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C
Mastering
Securing
I can confidently I can effectively divide
multiply algebraic algebraic fractions.
E D
Emerging Developing fractions.
I can find an I can add and
appropriate common subtract algebraic
denominator for fractions.
adding/subtracting
fractions.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to manipulate algebraic fractions.
HW Course book (Page No’s. 464 to 467)
Exercises 14.13 & 14.14
UNIT - 2: ALGEBRA AND GRAPHS
E2.3 – ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS
LESSON 3
DATE : 15 / 11 / 24
EXERCISES 14.13 & 14.14 ( Course book)
Answers:
HW Check
15 / 11 / 24 Algebraic Fractions
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
DO NOW ACTIVITY (DNA)
Students will be able to Starter
simplify algebraic fractions
using common brackets.
Factorise the following:
8𝑥² − 32𝑥 = 𝟖𝒙(𝒙 − 𝟒)
Students will be able to simplify 𝑥² + 5𝑥 − 14 = (𝒙 + 𝟕)(𝒙 − 𝟐)
algebraic fractions by factorising
quadratics.
3𝑥² + 17𝑥 + 10 = (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐)(𝒙 + 𝟓)
Students will be able to solve
unfamiliar problems involving
algebraic fractions.
KEY WORDS: Cancel, common, denominator, divide, factorise, numerator,
simplify, term
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C Mastering
Securing I can effectively solve
I can confidently unfamiliar problems
D simplify algebraic involving algebraic
Developing fractions by fractions.
I can simplify factorising
E algebraic fractions quadratics.
Emerging using common
I can factorise brackets.
quadratic expressions.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
To simplify algebraic fractions:
1) factorise the numerator and/or denominator
2) cancel common factors Why can’t
we cancel
Examples this further?
( )
1. Simplify
Examples
( )
2. Simplify
𝟑
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Speed and Accuracy
Q1 Simplify the following algebraic fractions.
5𝑥 −
Solution
4𝑥 + 8 4 3𝑥 + 12 3 2𝑥 + 2 2 5
Self-Assessment
[a] = [e] = [i] = [m] 20 =
7𝑥 + 14 5 2𝑥 + 8 2 7𝑥 + 7 7 8𝑥 − 32 8
5𝑥 + 25 = 5 2𝑥 + 6 = 1 2𝑥 − 20 = 2 10𝑥 + 40 10
[b] [f] 10𝑥 + [j] [n] =
9𝑥 + 45 9 5 7𝑥 − 70 7 9𝑥 + 36 9
30
5𝑥 − 40 5 2𝑥 − 14 2 8𝑥 + 24 4 8𝑥 + 96
[c] = [g] = [k] 10𝑥 + = [o] 9𝑥 + = 8
3𝑥 − 24 3 9𝑥 − 63 9 5 9
30 108
3𝑥 − 15 3 5𝑥 − 30 5 10𝑥 − 80 10 4𝑥 − 24 2
[d] = [h] = [k] = [p] =
5𝑥 − 25 5 7𝑥 − 42 7 7𝑥 − 56 7 6𝑥 − 36 3
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C
Securing Mastering
I can confidently I can effectively solve
simplify algebraic unfamiliar problems
D involving algebraic
fractions by
Developing fractions.
factorising
I can simplify
E quadratics.
Emerging algebraic fractions
I can factorise using common
quadratic expressions. brackets.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Ex3 Simplify the following algebraic fraction. Ex4 Simplify the following algebraic fraction.
𝑥2 + 9𝑥 + 18 𝑥2 + 6𝑥 − 16
Solution
Solution
𝑥+3 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 − 14
𝑥2 + 9𝑥 + 18 (𝑥 + 6)(𝑥 + 3) 𝑥2 + 6𝑥 − 16 (𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 − 2)
= =
Examples
𝑥+3 𝑥+3 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 − 14 (𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 2)
Factorise the Cancel common Cancel common
= 𝑥+6 Factorise the
quadratic. brackets. quadratics. = 𝑥+8 brackets.
𝑥+7
Factors of 18 Factors of 16
1, 18 1, 16 Factors of 14
2, 9 2, 8
1, 14
3, 6 4, 4
2, 7
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Q2. Simplify the following algebraic fractions.
Solution
2𝑥2 − 18𝑥 2𝑥
[a] = 5𝑥2 + 28𝑥 − 12 = 5𝑥 − 2
𝑥2 − 2𝑥 − 63 𝑥+7 [e]
𝑥2 + 4𝑥 − 12 𝑥−2
Peer-Assessment
4𝑥2 + 16𝑥 4𝑥
[b] = 3𝑥2 − 25𝑥 + 42 = 3𝑥 − 7
𝑥2 + 12𝑥 + 32 𝑥+8 [f]
𝑥2 − 12𝑥 + 36 𝑥−6
3𝑥2 + 24𝑥 3𝑥
[c] = 5𝑥2 + 7𝑥 − 6 = 5𝑥 − 3
𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 48 𝑥−6 [g] 2
𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 14 𝑥−7
𝑥2 + 7𝑥 𝑥
[d] =
2𝑥2 + 17𝑥 + 21 2𝑥 + 3
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
C B
Securing Mastering
I can confidently I can effectively solve
simplify algebraic unfamiliar problems
D involving algebraic
fractions by
Developing fractions.
factorising
I can simplify
E quadratics.
Emerging algebraic fractions
I can factorise using common
quadratic expressions. brackets.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Ex5 Show that Ex6 Show that
1 ÷ 21 1 ÷ 21
Solution
Solution
2𝑥 2
+ 𝑥 − 6 2𝑥 + 4𝑥 3𝑥 2
− 𝑥 − 4 6𝑥 − 8𝑥
𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑥
simplifies to where 𝑎, simplifies to where 𝑎, 𝑏
Examples
𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑥+𝑏
𝑏 and 𝑐 are integers. and 𝑐 are integers.
Factorise all parts. Factorise all parts.
Convert to a Convert to a
multiplication 1 × 2𝑥 2
+ 4𝑥 multiplication 1 × 6𝑥 2 − 8𝑥
by ‘flipping’ the 2𝑥 + 𝑥 − 6
2 1 by ‘flipping’ the 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 4 1
second fraction.
= 1 × 2𝑥(𝑥 + 2)
second fraction.
= 1 × 2𝑥(3𝑥 − 4)
Factors of 12 (2𝑥 4)(2𝑥 − 3)
(𝑥 + 2) 1 Factors of 12 (3𝑥 3)(3𝑥 − 4)
(𝑥 + 1) 1
Cancel to 2 2𝒙 × 2𝒙 = 4𝒙 Cancel to 3 3𝒙 × 3𝒙 = 9𝒙2
1, 12to a
simplify = 2𝑥 1, 12to a
simplify = 2𝑥
single2,fraction.
6 2𝑥 − 3 so we need to divide the single2,fraction.
6 𝑥+1 so we need to divide the
brackets by their HCF. brackets by their HCF.
3,4 3,4
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Q7 Simplify the following algebraic fractions. Q8 Simplify the following algebraic
fractions.
Solution
Solution
1 1 3𝑥
[a] ÷ 2 =
2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 10 6𝑥 + 15𝑥 𝑥−2 𝑥3 + 7𝑥2 + 12𝑥
[a] = 𝑥+3
𝑥2 + 4𝑥
1 1 2𝑥
Think-Pair-Share
[b] ÷ 2 =
4𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 − 3 2𝑥 + 6𝑥 4𝑥 − 1 𝑥3 + 9𝑥2 + 8𝑥
[b] = 𝑥+8
1 1 𝑥 𝑥2 + 𝑥
[c] ÷ =
2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 2𝑥 + 1
𝑥2 + 7𝑥
1 1
[c] = 1
[d] ÷ 2 =
2𝑥 𝑥 + 11𝑥 + 28𝑥
3 2 𝑥+7
3𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 2 6𝑥 − 4𝑥
2 𝑥−1
Critical-
thinking
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
Progress line:
Progress check
B
C
Securing Mastering
I can confidently I can effectively solve
simplify algebraic unfamiliar problems
D involving algebraic
fractions by
Developing fractions.
factorising
I can simplify
E quadratics.
Emerging algebraic fractions
I can factorise using common
quadratic expressions. brackets.
A – A*
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
IGCSE Question!
Plenary
L.O- To be able to factorise and simplify algebraic fractions.
HW Course book (Page No. 462)
Exercises 14.12
