Sample Question Paper 2018-19

Social Science

Class – IX
Time: 3 hrs Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
 There are 27 questions in all.
 Marks for each question are indicated against the question.
 Please write down the serial number of the question before attempting it.
 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper.

[Link] one difference between the beliefs of the liberals and the radicals. (1)

[Link] is natural vegetation? (1)

[Link] two island neighbouring countries of India. (1)

4. In which two states highest rate of growth was achieved in the production of food grains
during the Green Revolution? (1)

5. What defined the seasonal rhythms of the movement of the pastoralists in the states of Karnataka
and Andhra Pradesh?
Or
Mention one feature of the Forest Act of 1878. (1)
Or
Name a machine which dramatically increased wheat production in the USA. Who invented it?

6. Who is responsible for free and fair election in India? (1)

7. Name the two states of India who yield maximum grain through green revolution. (1)

8. Why France experienced political instability under the rule of the Directory? (3)

9. The Indian Constitution was drawn up under very difficult circumstances. Explain. (3)

10. Describe the impact of Forest Act on the Nomads and Pastoralists. [3]
OR
Why threshing machines were opposed by the poor in England?

11. Since 1970’s, India has avoided famine even during adverse weather conditions. Give
reason. (3)
12. Why could all people not wear Khadi that was introduced by Gandhiji? [3]

13. Discuss one feature each of the three courses of the river. (3)

14. A democratic government is an accountable form of government. Do you agree? Give

reasons in support of your answer. (3)

15. Green Revolution deteriorated the quality of natural resources. Justify the statement.
(3)
16. Explain why cricket became popular in India and the West Indies. Give reasons why it did
not became popular in countries of South America? (3)

17. How is human resource different from other resources like land and capital? (3)

18. Write short notes on:- (1) Minimum support price (2) Buffer Stock (3)

19. There are several dimensions to poverty. Elaborate.

Or

How did the bread basket of the world (USA) turn to the dust bowl? (5)

20. Write the powers and functions of the President of India.

Or
Montane forests change with increasing altitudes. Explain with the help of examples.
Where are montane forests found in India? (5)

21. ‘The PDS has proved to be the most effective instrument of government policy’. In light
of the statement define PDS and give four points in favour of the statement.
(5)
22. Discuss five important functions of the Election Commission.
Or
What is impact of Monsoon climate of India on Indian Agriculture?

23. Discuss five main characteristics of hot weather season in India. (5)

24. In Maasailand, not all pastoralists were equally affected by the changes in the colonial
period. Explain. (5)
Or
Discuss the impact of the enclosure of lands on the poor.
Or
What measures we can take to stop climate change?

25. Critically examine the impact of the Russian Revolution in Russia and on the global
level. (5)

2
26. On the political map of World, show the following: (2)

1. Baster
2. Sumatra

OR

On the political map of India, show the following:

1. Banjara
2. Raikas

27. On the given political outline map of India locate the following features with appropriate
symbols: (3)

A. Kanha National Park

B. Anaimudi Peak
C. Shillong
 Solutions of Sample Question Paper 2018-19
Social Science
Class – IX

Answer 1
The liberals did not believe in the principle of universal adult franchise. They were of the
opinion that only men having property should have the right to vote. The radicals however,
opposed the privileges of landowners and wealthy factory owners. Many of them even
supported women suffragette movements.

Answer 2
Natural vegetation is the vegetation that grows on its own without any human interference.
The term natural vegetation is more diverse than forests because the former includes cacti,
mosses, grasslands etc. Forests mainly include trees of different types.

Answer 3
Two island neighbouring countries of India are Sri Lanka and Maldives.

Answer 4
The states of Punjab and Haryana recorded the highest rate of growth in food grains during
the Green Revolution.

Answer 5
The alternation of the monsoon and dry season defined the seasonal rhythms of the
movement of the pastoralists in the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Or
The 1878 Act divided forests into three categories: reserved, protected and village forests.
The villagers could not take anything from the reserved forests. They could only use the
wood and fuel from the protected or the village forests.
Or
A machine which dramatically increased wheat production in the USA was ‘Reaper’. It was
invented by Cyrus McCormick.

Answer 6
Responsibility of free and fair election lies under election commission of India.

Answer 7
Punjab and Haryana of India.

Answer 8
France experienced political instability under the rule of the Directory because of the
following reasons:
  After the fall of the Jacobin government, the wealthy middle class seized power. A new
constitution was introduced which provided for two elected legislative councils.
 These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. This was meant
as a safeguard against the concentration of power in a one-man executive as was under the
Jacobins.
 However, the Directors often clashed with the legislative councils, who then threatened to
dismiss them. This led to political instability in France which finally led to the rise of a military
dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte.

Answer 9
The Indian Constitution was drawn up under very difficult circumstances. It was because it was not
easy to make a constitution for a huge and a diverse country like India. At this time, the country was
born through a partition on the basis of religious differences. The partition was not peaceful and
was a traumatic experience for the people of both-India and Pakistan. Moreover, the British had
drafted the Instrument of Accession according to which the princely states were free to join
India or Pakistan or remain independent. When the constitution was being framed, the future of
the country did not look very secure. The makers had too many anxieties about the present and
the future of the country.

Answer 10
Under the Forest Acts forest were classified into:

1. Reserved Forests
2. Protected forests

They were now prevented from entering many forests. So there was a reduction in their
grazing grounds. After the laws, their movements were regulated.

Answer 11
Since 1970’s, India has avoided famine even during adverse weather conditions because of the
Green Revolution. There was a bumper production of food grains in the country during the Green
Revolution. Variety of crops were grown during this time. The availability of food grains (even in
adverse weather conditions or otherwise) at the country level has further been ensured with a
carefully designed food security system by the government.

Answer 13
The three courses of the river are the upper course, the middle course and the lower course.
Upper Course: It is the course followed by the river during the early part of its journey. River during this
course flows faster through hills and mountains
Middle Course: River in this course enters the plains, it becomes wide and its speed gets slower.
Lower Course: It is the journey of the river towards the end before draining into the sea or ocean. Deltas
are formed in the lower course of the river

Answer 14
Yes, I agree that a democratic government is an accountable form of government. It is because:
 A democratic government respond to the needs of the people. A non democratic government may
or may not respond to the needs of the people.
 China suffered from one of the worst famines in 1958–1961. Nearly three crore people died in the
famine. No major famine occurred in India at this time. According to economists, it was perhaps because
 India is a democratic country.
 Democracy in India made the Government respond to food scarcity in a way in which the Chinese
Government did not. It was because India has a multi-party system and free press. It is accountable to
the government. If the government does not respond to the needs of the people, it may be criticised and
even lose the next elections.

Answer 15
Green Revolution though increased the production of the food grains, it deteriorated the quality of
natural resources such as soil, land and depleted water table.
 In many regions, the soil lost its fertility because of the excessive use of chemical fertilisers.
 In several regions fields were irrigated excessively. This resulted in water logging leading to salinity.
This degraded the quality of soil and land.
 The continuous use of groundwater for tube well irrigation further reduced the water-table below
the ground.

Answer 16
While British imperial officials brought the game to the colonies, they made little effort to spread
the game, especially in colonial territories where the subjects of empire were mainly non-white,
such as India and the West Indies. The first non-white club in the West Indies was established
towards the end of the nineteenth century, and even in this case its members were light-skinned
mulattos. So while black people played an enormous amount of informal cricket on beaches, in back
alleys and parks, club cricket till as late as the 1930s was dominated by white elites. The colonial
flavour of world cricket during the 1950s and 1960s can be seen from the fact that England and the
other white commonwealth countries, Australia and New Zealand, continued to play Test cricket
with South Africa, a racist state that practised a policy of racial segregation which, among other
things, barred non-whites (who made up the majority of South Africa’s population) from
representing that country in Test matches. Test-playing nations like India, Pakistan and the West
Indies boycotted South Africa, but they did not have the necessary power in the ICC to debar that
country from Test cricket. That only came to pass when the political pressure to isolate South Africa
applied by the newly decolonised nations of Asia and Africa combined with liberal feeling in Britain
and forced the English cricket authorities to cancel a tour by South Africa in 1970.

Answer 17
Human resource is different from land and physical capital in the following ways:
 Human resources are primary sources of production and can make use of land and capital
with the help of their skills and technology. Land and capital, the secondary sources of
production cannot become useful on their own.
 Human resources are active factors of production. They exhibit multiple importance. They
are producers as well as consumers.
 Human resources can bring changes in other resources. Other resources cannot change
or affect human resources.
 Answer 18
(a) Minimum Support Price (MSP):- It is the pre-announced price at which the government
purchases food grains from the farmers in order to create a buffer stock. The Minimum Support
Price is declared by the government every year before the growing season. This provides
incentives to the farmers for raising the production of the crops. The rising Minimum Support
Prices of rice and wheat have induced farmers to divert land from the production of coarse
grains, the staple food of the poor, to the production of these crops. The rising Minimum
Support Prices have raised the maintenance cost of procuring food grains.

(b) Buffer stock: - It is the stock of food grains (usually wheat and rice) procured by the
government through the Food Corporation of India. The purchased food grains are
stored in granaries.

Answer 19
There are several dimensions to poverty. Poverty does not mean only the lack of means
hunger and shelter. It also is a situation in which parents are not able to send their children
to school or a situation where sick and ill people are not able to afford treatment. Poverty
also means lack of clean water and sanitation facilities. It further means lack of a regular
job with minimum wages. Above all it means living with a sense of helplessness. Poor
people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost every place, in farms,
factories, government offices, hospitals and railway stations. One of the biggest challenges
of independent India has been to bring millions of its people out of abject poverty.
Or
Overuse and overexploitation of the soil for cultivation by machinery turned the soil into dust,
ultimately leading to dust storms. These suffocated the people and cattle leading to their death,
and clogged the machines and the tractors and damaged them beyond repair. The bread basket
had turned into a dust bowl. From this experience we learn that we should not overuse and
overexploit our resources because it leads to ecological damage and environmental imbalance.
To avoid that we should have respect for nature and ecology for a better future.

Answer 20
Montane forests grow in the mountainous regions. As the temperature decreases with an
increase in height, there is a change in the cover of natural vegetation on increasing
altitude:
 Montane forests grow in the mountainous regions. As the temperature decreases
with an increase in height, there is a change in the cover of natural vegetation on
increasing altitude
 Temperate grasslands are found at higher altitudes.
 Above 3,600 metres, Alpine vegetation can be found. Silver firs, pines, junipers and
birches are some important trees. However, at still higher altitudes, their growth
becomes stunted
 At the highest altitude, mosses and lichens are found.
In India, montane forests are found in the Himalayan Mountains.

Answer 21
The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government regulated ration shops
among the poorer section of the society. This is called the public distribution system (PDS).
The PDS has proved to be the most effective instrument of government policy’. This is
because:
 It helped in stabilising prices and making food available to consumers at affordable
prices.
 It has helped in averting widespread hunger and famine by supplying food from
surplus regions of the country to the deficit ones.
 Price has been under revision in favour of the poor households.
 It has contributed to an increase in food grain production and has provided income
security to farmers in certain regions.

Answer 22
Five important functions of the Election Commission are:
 It takes decisions on every matter related to the elections. It announces the date of the
elections and the declaration of the results.
 It implements the Code of Conduct and takes action against candidates who violate it
 It gives guidelines to the Government which have to be followed during the elections. It
is done to ensure that the government does not misuse its power to increase its
chances to win elections.
 When on election duty, government officials work under the supervision of the EC and
not the Government.
 A Voters List is an electoral roll which contains the name, father’s name, age, and sex of
the voter. It identifies the eligible voters in each constituency and prepares a list of all
of them.

Or

Five challenges faced by free and fair electoral system in India are:
 Candidates and parties with a lot of money hold an advantage over small parties and
independent candidates.
 There is an increased criminalisation of politics. In many parts of the country, people
with criminal records against them have been able to secure ‘tickets’ to contests
elections.
 There is an increasing trend of dynastic politics. Some families tend to dominate
political parties and ‘tickets’ are distributed to relatives from these families.
 Distribution of ‘tickets’ has also become an important means of generating money by
the political parties. Many parties give ‘tickets’ to candidates in lieu of money. Many
deserving candidates are thus left out.
 Very often, elections offer little choice to ordinary citizens for major parties as most of
the political parties are similar to each other in policies and practise.

Answer 23
Five main characteristics of hot weather season in India
 The hot weather season in India begins from March and continues till May. In May, the
temperature rises to 45°C in the north-western parts of the country.
 Because of high temperature, low air pressure is created in the northern parts of the
country.
 One of the striking features of the hot weather season in India is the blowing of local
winds known as ‘loo’. It is a hot wind which may blow even during the evenings. Direct
exposure to these winds may cause fever and anxieties.
 Sometimes, northern India experiences dust storms accompanied by light rainfall
during May. This brings down the temperature. During this time, torrential downpours
are accompanied by hail in West Bengal. These storms are known as Kaal Baisakhi.

 Towards the end of the summer season, rain showers are common in Kerala and

Karnataka. They help in the early ripening of mangoes and thus are sometimes also
referred to as ‘mango showers’

Answer 24
In Maasailand, not all pastoralists were equally affected by the changes in the colonial
period. It was because:

 In the pre-colonial period, the Maasai society was divided into two social categories—
the elders and the warriors. While the elders looked after the administration of the
clan, the warriors were responsible for the protection of the tribe.
 The warriors were mainly responsible for the protection of the tribe. They defended
the community and organised cattle raids. To administer the affairs of the Maasai, the
British introduced a series of measures. They appointed a chief of different sub-groups
of Maasai, who were made responsible for the affairs of the tribe. The British imposed
various restrictions on raiding and warfare affecting the traditional authority of both
elders and warriors.

 The chiefs appointed by the colonial government often accumulated wealth over time.
They had a regular income with which they could buy animals, goods and land. The
chiefs appointed by the colonial government often accumulated wealth over time. They
had a regular income with which they could buy animals, goods and land. These chiefs
managed to survive the devastations of war and drought.
 But the common people of the tribes suffered during the colonial rule. The poor
pastoralists had no money and only their cattle to live on. During droughts, they almost
lost everything. They then moved to the towns in search of work. Many of them got
regular work in road and building construction.
Or
The enclosure of lands affected the poor in the following ways:
 Enclosure of land benefited the rich farmers and landlords. Enclosed lands became
the properties of landowners.
 The poor famers and villagers could not collect fire wood and graze their cattle in
enclosed lands. They also could not hunt in the common forests.
 The poor were displaced from their lands and went in search of work opportunities,
especially in the southern counties of England, but jobs were not secure.
 Earlier the labourers lived with their landowners and helped them in accomplishing
various works. This practice began to disappear by 1800.
  Work became insecure, employment uncertain, income unstable. For a very large part
of the year the poor had no work.
Or
In 1600 CE, only one-sixth of India’s land was under cultivation. However, the percentage
of cultivable lands in India increased during the colonial period because of the following
reasons:

 The increase in the demand of food crops led to the clearing of forests for
agricultural purposes.
 The British in order to maximise their revenues encouraged the production of
commercial crops such as indigo, sugar, cotton and jute.
 The British colonialists regarded forests as unproductive. To them, the best way to
increase their productivity was by bringing them under cultivation.
 Because of the diminishing forest cover of England, Indian wood was felled for
building ships for England. Forests were recklessly felled and the wood was exported
from India to England.
 The beginning and expansion of railways in India led to the destruction of forests on
a large scale. In 1850s, in Madras Presidency alone, about 35,000 trees were felled.
The contractors felled trees indiscriminately for supplying timber to the
Government. Apart from it, many forests were also fell in regions where railway lines
were laid down.

Answer 25
The Russian Revolution fired the imagination of workers all over the world. In many
countries, communist parties were formed. One such example was the Communist Party of
Great Britain. Russia aimed at spreading socialism in the world. Many non-Russians from
outside the USSR participated in the Conference of the Peoples of the East (1920) and the
Bolshevik-founded Comintern (an international union of pro-Bolshevik socialist parties).
By the time of the outbreak of the Second World War, the USSR had given socialism a global
face and world stature. All over the world, steps were taken by several countries to
improve the condition of the workers. Their working hours were reduced and various
facilities were provided to them.
However, the revolution was criticised because of the way the Bolsheviks took power.
Yet by 1950s it was acknowledged even within Russia that the style of government was not
in keeping with the ideals of the Russian Revolution. Though, the workers were
empowered and poor were fed, the Russian government had denied the essential freedoms
to its citizens and carried out its developmental projects through repressive policies. One
such example was the forceful Collectivisation programme of Stalin. It was in 1991, that the
Soviet Union was finally disintegrated.
Answer 26
Label in the map.

Answer 27
Label in the map.