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Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2019
Pearson International Advanced Level
In Chemistry (WCH06) Paper 01 Chemistry
Laboratory Skills II
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Summer 2019
Publications Code WCH06_01_1906_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2019
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General Marking Guidance

 All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark
the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
 Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised
for omissions.
 Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according
to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
 There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
 All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared
to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit
according to the mark scheme.
 Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.
 When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
 Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
 Mark schemes will indicate within the table where, and which strands
of QWC, are being assessed. The strands are as follows:

i) ensure that text is legible and that spelling, punctuation and

grammar are accurate so that meaning is clear
ii) select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose
and to complex subject matter
iii) organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist
vocabulary when appropriate
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Using the Mark Scheme

Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This
does NOT mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does
mean allowing candidates to be rewarded for answers showing correct
application of principles and knowledge. Examiners should therefore read
carefully and consider every response: even if it is not what is expected it may be
worthy of credit.

The mark scheme gives examiners:

 an idea of the types of response expected
 how individual marks are to be awarded
 the total mark for each question
 examples of responses that should NOT receive credit.

/ means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive
full credit.
( ) means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but
helps the examiner to get the sense of the expected answer.
Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual
word is essential to the answer.
ecf/TE/cq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier
part of a question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same
question.

Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark.
Make sure that the answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct
words/phrases which are put together in a meaningless manner. Answers must
be in the correct context.
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(a)(i) A contains Na+/sodium (ions) (1)
IGNORE
Na

and

B contains Ca2+/calcium (ions) Ca+

IGNORE
Ca

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(a)(ii) White Colourless (1)

IGNORE
Formulae even if incorrect

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(a)(iii) 2H+(aq) + CO32(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g) (2)

Correct species and balancing

ALLOW
Multiples
Cancelled/crossed out spectator ions (1)

IGNORE
Additional equations as working

State symbols
Conditional on correct species (or near miss or
full equation)

ALLOW in M2
H2CO3(aq) for H2O(l) + CO2(g) (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(a)(iv) Silver nitrate / AgNO3((aq)) Sodium nitrate / (1)
NaNO3((aq))
IGNORE
Nitric acid/HNO3 HCl/H2SO4/NaOH
Ammonia / NH3
Lead nitrate / Pb(NO3)2((aq))

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(b)(i) Manganese(II) hydroxide / Mn(OH)2 Mg(OH)2 / (2)
magnesium
ALLOW hydroxide
Mn(H2O)4(OH)2 (1)

(Darkens as) oxidised (by oxygen in the air

to oxides/hydroxides of manganese(III)/(IV)) Oxidation
state higher
ALLOW than +4
Reacts with oxygen (1)

IGNORE
Formulae of manganese oxides/ hydroxides
provided +3/+4 Mn oxidation state
Colour of manganese oxides/hydroxides

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(b)(ii) [Zn(OH)4]2 / [Zn(H2O)2(OH)4]2 Zn(OH)2 / [Zn(OH)2] (1)
Zn(H2O)4(OH)2
[Zn(H2O)4]2+ /
[Zn(H2O)6]2+
ALLOW
[Zn(OH)6]4
[Zn(OH)3] / [Zn(H2O)3(OH)3]
ZnO22

IGNORE
Missing square brackets

Correct charges within square

brackets provided they total the
charge on the complex ion

State symbols even if incorrect

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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
1(b)(iii) (E is) iron(II) nitrate / Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 (2)
Iron(III) nitrate
Just iron nitrate
ALLOW
Ferrous nitrate
Fe(NO3)2.xH2O (1)

IGNORE
hydrated
anhydrous

(Brown solid is) iron(III) hydroxide /

Fe(OH)3 Fe(OH)2
Iron(II) hydroxide
ALLOW Just iron hydroxide
Fe(H2O)3(OH)3
Hydrated iron(III) oxide / Fe2O3.xH2O
FeO(OH) (1)

IGNORE
Just iron(III) oxide / Fe2O3
Just rust
(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(a)(i) (X is a) ketone (2)

ALLOW
Carbonyl/C=O (1)

IGNORE
Aldehyde
Alcohol
(with an) adjacent methyl (1)
Ethanal / CH3CHO
Methyl aldehyde
Methyl alcohol /
IGNORE CH3CH(OH)
Correct statements relating to positive Any additional
or negative tests prior to final answer functional group

Any C6H12O structure or name if no

contradiction

Methyl ketone / methyl carbonyl /

CH3C(=)O scores (2)

Methyl secondary alcohol / CH3CH(OH)

scores (0)

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(a)(ii) IGNORE (2)
Structures throughout
Alkane throughout

Alkene Phenyl/benzene
ALLOW
C=C C=O
Carbon-carbon double bond (1)
IGNORE
Just unsaturated/double bond
Saturated
Alcohol
ALLOW Phenol
Hydroxyl / hydroxy Hydroxide / OH–
OH/–OH/C–OH (1) Carboxylic acid
IGNORE COOH
Primary and/or secondary
Tertiary
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(a)(iii) C6H12O + Na  C6H11O(–)Na(+) + ½H2 O–Na (1)
O(+)Na(–)
H / H+
ALLOW
Multiples
C6H11Na(+)O(–)

IGNORE
State symbols, even if incorrect

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(b)(i) 2 proton environments (1)

ALLOW
Hydrogen/H for proton
Types/kinds for environment

IGNORE
H+ for proton
References to symmetry
References to just number of protons

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(b)(ii) Each proton environment has no adjacent protons (1)

ALLOW
No neighbouring protons
Hydrogen/H for proton

IGNORE
H+ for proton
Protons are isolated
Reference to n+1 rule
Reference to O–H protons
Reference to number of proton environments
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(b)(iii) Allow displayed, structural or skeletal Any other (1)
formula, or any correct combination of answer
these

eg
(CH3)3CCOCH3

IGNORE
Bond lengths and bond angles
Name, even if incorrect

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(c)(i) Y is a 1-ene (1)

ALLOW
The C=C bond is at the end of the
chain

OR

One of the carbon atoms in the C=C

has two hydrogens / two identical …two molecules
groups/atoms attached …functional groups

ALLOW
Both carbon atoms of the C=C have
the same group/atom attached ‘similar’ for ‘same’

IGNORE
References to restricted rotation
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(c)(ii) No carbon/atom with four different 1
groups attached molecules exp

ALLOW
‘functional groups’ or ‘atoms’ for groups bonds
OR
No chiral carbon/centre
OR
No asymmetric carbon/centre
OR
Is a primary alcohol / not a secondary
alcohol

IGNORE
Achiral/not chiral
Is symmetric
No effect on plane polarised light
Does not have enantiomers
Is not non-superimposable

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(c)(iii) Allow displayed, structural or skeletal Any other (1)
formula, or any correct combination of answer
these

eg
CH2CHCH2CH2CH2CH2OH

IGNORE
Connectivity of OH group
Name, even if incorrect C–H–O
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(d)(i) Tertiary alcohol (1)

ALLOW
Tertiary hydroxy(l)/OH group
3º for tertiary

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
2(d)(ii) Allow displayed, structural or skeletal formula, or (1)
any correct combination of these
eg

Mark independently of (d)(i) except ALLOW

if answer to (d)(i) is primary alcohol

OR

if answer to (d)(i) is secondary alcohol

IGNORE
Connectivity of OH group
Name, even if incorrect
C–H–O
(Total for Question 2 = 13 marks)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(a)(i) Self-indicating (1)
ALLOW
Colour changes at the end of the reaction /
end-point

OR

Manganate(VII)/MnO4 ions are purple and

manganese(II)/Mn2+ ions are colourless

OR

Colour changes as MnO4 reduced/converted

to Mn2+

IGNORE
Colours due to Fe2+ and Fe3+

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(a)(ii) (From) colourless to (permanent pale) pink (Pale) (1)
purple
ALLOW
(pale) green to pink

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(b) Mark M1 and M2 independently (2)

Titre value will not be affected/remain the same/be

unchanged
(1)

(as titre is) difference between two readings

ALLOW
Both/all/two/initial and final readings taken from
the top of the liquid/in the same way (1)

IGNORE
Error cancels out

If no other mark awarded and effect on titre not

stated then ‘titre value is inaccurate due to
increased uncertainty/parallax error (in reading
from the top of the meniscus)’ scores (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(c)(i) First mark – three titre values correctly recorded (2)
to 2DP in table

(1)

Second mark – calculating mean titre from

concordant results

Mean titre = (10.2(0) + 10.3(0))/2

= 10.25 (cm3)
TE on averaging of concordant results from
incorrect subtraction in table

ALLOW
3DP for mean titre if average = X.XX5 (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(c)(ii) Correct answer with correct units to 3SF or (5)
2SF and no working scores (5)

Mol MnO4– used

= 0.00500 × 10.25/1000
= 0.00005125 / 5.125 × 10-5
TE on mean titre (1)

Mol Fe2+ in 10.0 cm3

= 0.00005125 × 5
= 0.00025625 / 2.5625 × 10-4
TE on mol MnO4– used (1)

Mol Fe2+ in 100.0 cm3

= 0.00025625 × 100.0/10.0
= 0.0025625 / 2.5625 × 10-3
TE on mol Fe2+ in 10.0 cm3 (1)

Mass FeSO4.7H2O in 100.0 cm3/two tablets

= 0.0025625 × 277.9
= 0.712119 (g)
TE on mol Fe2+ in 100.0 cm3 (1)

Mass FeSO4.7H2O in one tablet to 3SF/2SF Incorrect/

= 0.712119/2 missing
= 0.356 g / 356 mg units
TE on mass FeSO4.7H2O in 100.0 cm3/two
tablets
TE on Mr FeSO4.7H2O (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
3(d) First mark – % uncertainty in mean titre (2)

(0.05 × 2)/10.25 × 100 = 0.9756/0.976/0.98/1.0/1%

TE on mean titre from (c)(i) (1)

Second mark – % uncertainty in pipette

0.06/10.0 × 100 = 0.6% (1)

(so burette has greater percentage uncertainty)

Both uncertainties calculated correctly but labelled

incorrectly scores (1)

±0.05 for pipette gives % uncertainty 0.5%

and
±0.06 for burette gives % uncertainty 1.17%
scores (1)

mean titre for pipette volume (with TE) gives %

uncertainty = 0.06/(mean titre)  100
and
10 cm3 for burette volume gives %
uncertainty = 1% scores (1)
(Total for Question 3 = 13 marks)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(a) (Concentrated sulfuric acid) (2)
Catalyst

ALLOW
To speed up the reaction
To shift the equilibrium to the right (1)

IGNORE
To initiate reaction
To provide H+
As a solvent

(Anti-bumping granules)
For smooth boiling / heating
ALLOW Just gentle
‘uniform/even/gentle’ for ‘smooth’ heating
To promote formation of small bubbles
To provide nucleation sites

OR

To prevent superheating / violent/flash boiling Explosion

ALLOW
‘vigorous/uneven/localised/sudden’ for
‘violent/flash’
To prevent formation of large bubbles (1)

IGNORE
To prevent bumping
To prevent splashing/spitting/spillage
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(b) (2)

First mark
Heat/arrow (may be directed to any
part of the liquid in the flask) / Water bath
heating mantle / electric heater
Sealed apparatus or
accidental lines
sealing apparatus
and unless qualified

Gaps at apparatus
Round-bottom/pear-shaped flask joints

Conical flask
and
Lack of joint between
flask and condenser
Vertical condenser/tube (1)
Thermometer in
IGNORE condenser
No reaction mixture in flask

Second mark
Condenser jacket and correct water
direction (water in must be below
water out)
ALLOW
Correct unlabelled arrows or just
water in/out (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(c) (2)

First mark
Diagram of separating funnel (with or
without stopper/bung) Sealed apparatus (if
stopper/bung
ALLOW unclear)
Any shape separating funnel with tap
at the bottom (no label required) if Burette
capable of being sealed with a bung
(1)

Second mark
Aqueous and organic layers labelled
in correct order

ALLOW
Just one labelled layer if two layers
shown
More than two
3-methylbutyl ethanoate/ester for layers
organic layer

Water/ethanoic acid for aqueous

layer (1)

IGNORE
3-methylbutan-1-ol/ alcohol/ product
for organic layer

IGNORE
3-methylbutan-1-ol/alcohol/ reactant
for aqueous layer
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(d) To react with/neutralise any (remaining Mention of (2)
sulfuric) acid NaOH

ALLOW
To remove the (sulfuric/ethanoic) acid / H+ HCl (or other
To neutralise the organic layer (1) acids)

(Aqueous layer) turns damp red litmus

blue

ALLOW
Test with (red) litmus paper
Test with universal indicator paper
Remove sample and test with any named Addition of any
indicator named
IGNORE indicator to
Just test with any named indicator the funnel

ALLOW
(Confirm alkalinity) with pH meter

ALLOW
Add sodium hydrogencarbonate and no
effervescence is observed (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(e) To avoid contamination (of the distillate) (2)
with 3-methylbutan-1-ol / unreacted alcohol
(1)
IGNORE
Ethanoic acid
Water

(Because) the boiling temperature of

3-methylbutan-1-ol is lower (than that of 3-
methylbutyl ethanoate)
ALLOW
131°C for lower

OR

(The distillate) would contain a lower yield of

3-methylbutyl ethanoate as its boiling
temperature is 142°C/higher than 140°C
(1)
IGNORE
3-methylbutyl ethanoate will not be
collected below 140°C

If no other mark awarded, ‘to obtain a pure

product’ or ‘to avoid contamination with
impurities’ scores (1)
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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(f)(i) Correct answer with no working scores (3) (3)

First mark – calculating mass of

3-methylbutan-1-ol

Mass 3-methylbutan-1-ol
= 0.81 × 7.5 (= 6.075 (g)) (1)

Second mark – calculating moles of

3-methylbutan-1-ol

Moles 3-methylbutan-1-ol
= 6.075/88.0 (= 0.069034)
TE on mass (1)

Third mark – calculating moles / theoretical mass

of product and % yield

EITHER

Moles 3-methylbutyl ethanoate

= 4.75/130.0 = 0.036538
and
% yield = 0.036538/0.069034 × 100
= 52.928
= 53
TE on moles 3-methylbutan-1-ol
>100%
OR

Theoretical mass 3-methylbutyl ethanoate

= 0.069034 × 130.0
= 8.9744 (g)
TE on moles 3-methylbutan-1-ol
and
% yield = 4.75/8.9744 × 100
= 52.928
= 53 (1)

IGNORE SF except 1 SF throughout >100%

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Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark

Number
4(f)(ii) (The reaction/esterification is) (1)
equilibrium/reversible

ALLOW
(The reaction) does not go to completion
The ester product is (partially) hydrolysed
by NaHCO3
IGNORE
Any reference to side reactions/additional
products/impurities
Water is a by-
IGNORE product
Any correct reason relating to the method
of preparation/transfer losses
(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 50 MARKS

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