Inland

Waterways
Authority of
India
Presented By:

Dr. Amita Prasad

Chairperson
Inland Waterways Authority of India
Ministry of Shipping, Government of India
Section 1
Benefits & Evolution of
Inland Waterways

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

 Quantum Jump from 5 to 111 National Waterways
IWAI History
1986*
Establishment of
Inland Waterways
Authority of India on
27th October 1986 1986
Declaration of Ganga-
Bhagirathi-Hooghly river
system as National
Waterway 1
1988 NW-2
Declaration of 891 km of NW-1
Brahmaputra river as
National Waterway 2
1993
Declaration of West Coast NW-5
Canal (Kottapuram- Kollam),
Champakkara &
2005 Udyogamandal canals as
National Waterway 3 NW-4
Declaration of NW 4 (River
Krishna, Godavari and
Buckingham Canal system)
and NW 5 (East Coast Canal
2016
and Mahanadi Delta Rivers) Declaration of 106 new
National Waterways
under The National
Waterways Act, 2016) NW-3

* Pre-1986: Sector was under IWT Directorate (Ministry of Surface Transport)

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Cargo Traffic on National Waterways (Million Tonnes)

• Erratic growth of cargo traffic in past 10 years. (Projected)

. 120.0

74.3 73.6
70.3 72.3 0.9 0.8
3.2 0.004 3.5
14.9
19.9 120.0
55.5 55 28.8 31.0
11.5
41.5
33.3
54.5 30.4 26.0
43.3
23.7 28.9 28.3 24.4
9.7 16.1 22.5
15.7 2.9
10.2 4.5 11.1 0.4 0.08 2.9
7.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.4 3.8
1.3 1.2 1.3 0.4 0.5
0.9 2.4 2.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 9.1
3.3 3.3 5.1 6.5 4.9 0.6 5.5 6.8
2.2 1.9 2.7 0.5
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2029-30
NW-1 NW-2 NW-3 West Coast Canal NW4 Goa waterway Maharashtra waterways Gujarat waterways Sunderbans Barak Ichamati Sone

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Current Status of Traffic on National Waterways: Modal Share
• IWT mode currently constitutes approx. 2% of modal share in cargo transportation

IWT, 2% Others,
11%

Rail, 33% Road, 54%

*Others include: Coastal,

Pipelines, conveyors etc.

Source: Niti Aayog report: 'Strategy for New India@75' published in (November 2018) for share of rail
and road; share of IWT and other derived
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Logistics benefits

Mode Carrier type Capacity Operating cost (USD/ ton – km)

0.033
Truck
(Normal 10 wheeler) 16 tons

0.02

Rail 0.015
2200 tons
(Rake of 40 wagons)

Waterways Railways Roadways

Vessel 2000 tons
(Inland Water Transport)

IWT vessel’s capacity equivalent to one IWT cost 0.3 times less than Railways
rail rake &125 trucks on road & 1.2 times less than Roadways

Source: World Bank

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Environmental & social benefits

Factor(s)
Waterways Roadways Railways Source
Considered
Planning Commission (Govt. of India):
Air Pollution 0.03 0.202 0.0366
Total Transport Study

Permanent International Association of

Noise Pollution Negligible 0.0032 0.0012
Navigation Congresses (PIANC)

Soil & Water

Negligible 0.005 NIL PIANC
Pollution

12th Five Year Plan of Planning

Emission of GHGs 0.0006 0.0031 0.0006
Commission (Govt. of India)

Surface
Negligible 0.0002 0.0001 PIANC
Occupation

Planning Commission (Govt. of India):

Accidents Negligible 0.0620 0.0010
Total Transport Study

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Section 2
Traffic on Inland
Waterways

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

 Cargo Traffic on National Waterways (comparison with last year)
Cargo traffic on National Waterways
(million tonnes)
80
72.31 73.64 0.80
0.90 National Waterways: Commodity
70 3.23 0.004 3.46
profile of traffic
60
10.0%
28.82
31.02
50 5.0%

6.0% 35.0%
40

30 10.0%
28.34 24.39
20

0.08
0.45 2.93
10 3.76 0.55
0.41
0.50
9.11 0.39 34.0%
6.79
0
FY2018-19 FY 2019-20 Coal & Coke Iron Ore Fly Ash
Steel Limestone Others
NW-1 NW-2 NW-3
NW-4 Goa waterways Maharashtra waterways
Gujarat waterways Sundarbans Barak
Ichamati Sone

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Section 3
Five-year Vision

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Budget 2020 – IWT related

• Inland Waterways received a boost in the last five years.

• JMVP on NW-1 (2018 to 2023) - on schedule. Navigational Lock at Farakka &

MMT at Haldia - expected to be completed by Q3 i.e. November 2020

• 890 Km Dhubri-Sadiya connectivity (NW-2) - ongoing scheme, expected to be

completed by 2022.

• As announced by Honorable Prime Minister “Arth Ganga“ as an economic &

commercial push for NW 1 hinterland is being prepared. State Governments will
be taken on board to energize economic activity along the river

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Five year vision

Vision: Develop a self-sustainable, economical, safe & environment friendly

supplementary mode of transport for the overall economic growth of the country

Initiatives to achieve vision

• Increase modal share of IWT from current 2% to 2.5%

• Develop 5000 kms of IWT routes across states (India@75 as per NITI Aayog)

• Enhance regional connectivity with North East India & neighboring countries
(Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan & Myanmar) through Eastern Waterway Connectivity –
Transport Grid

• Integrate IWT with Coastal Shipping

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Scope for capacity building in IWT sector

➢ National Inland Navigation Institute (NINI) at Patna to be developed as “Centre of

Excellence” for IWT sector.
➢ E-learning modules being developed

Potential job creation in IWT sector: More than 1.5 lakh

• Fairway development
• Terminal operations & management
• Vessel operations & management
• Ship building & Ship repair
• Consultancies & contractors
• Safety & security

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Section 4
Developmental
Initiatives

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

National Waterway – 1 (Ganga): Brief Overview

a) 1620 Km length (Allahabad to

Haldia)
Kalughat
Allahabad
b) 19 floating jetties (with IWAI) Sahibganj
Patna Farakka
c) 7 existing permanent terminals Varanasi

Pakur
d) Terminals upcoming at Haldia &
Bandel
Kalughat

e) World Bank aided Jal Marg Vikas

Kolkata
Project @ Rs 5369 cr
Haldia
Existing permanent terminals
Existing floating terminal
Upcoming permanent terminals

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Jal Marg Vikas Project: Master plan
Depth 2.2 m 2.5 m 3.0 m
Length 139 Km 286 Km 891 Km
Quantity based Dredging Assured Depth Dredging
Farakka Lock
Completion by
Majhaua Mahendrapur November 2020
Digha
Ghazipur Barh Kahalgaon
Sultanganj

Varanasi MMT Sahibganj MMT

Inaugurated on Inaugurated on
12th November 12th September
2018 2019 Tribeni

Sub-projects Status
Assured/
Target Farakka – Kahalgaon Awarded
depth Sultanganj – Mahendrapur Awarded
dredging Mahendrapur – Barh Awarded
(start-end Barh – Majhaua To be Tendered Haldia MMT
locations) Majhaua – Ghazipur To be tendered
Varanasi – Ghazipur To be tendered Completion by
Dec 2023 October 2020
Completion of JMVP on Ganga
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
National Waterway – 2 (Brahmaputra): Brief Overview
• Budget 2019: Commencement of Containerized Cargo to Brahmaputra was announced
• Budget 2020: Augmentation of NW - 2 (891 kms) from Dhubri to Sadiya by 2022
announced (proposal submitted)

• Existing Terminal Infrastructure: Sadiya

2 Permanent terminals (Pandu &
Dibrugarh
Dhubri) and 11 floating terminals
Neamati
Pandu
• Continuous development process: Jogighopa Silghat

a) Stretch wise LAD maintained through Dhubri

Permanent
terminals
dredging Bhanga Lakhipur

✓ Dhubri–Dibrugarh: 2.5 m
✓ Dibrugarh–Sadiya: 1.5 m
b) O&M of terminals (Permanent & floating)
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
National Waterway 3 (West Coast Canal (Kottapuram-Kollam),
Champakkara & Udyogamandal canals)
T1 Length: 205 Km (Waterway operational)
KOTTAPURAM DPR: RITES (1992) – Proposal being progressed for updation
ALUVA
T2
ALUVA

UDYOGAMANDAL CANAL
Scope: Cargo, Ro-Ro & Passenger
T3 Potential Cargo: 1 MTPA Achieved Cargo: 0.4 MTPA (FY19)
CHAMPAKKARA CANAL
KOCHI MARADU
Ongoing Interventions Proposed Interventions
• Fairway development Extension of NW-3 (Kottapuram-
VAIKKO Kozhikode Canal)
T4 M • O&M of permanent erminals
THANNERMUKKOM
CHERTHALA LOCK CUM BARRAGE • Manning, O&M of Ro-Ro vessels DPR with State Govt. for their
T5 comments
(IWAI)
• Kovilthottam bridge (State Govt.) • Fairway development (LAD)
ALAPPUZHA

• Lock Gate at Trikunnapuzha (State • Terminals

Govt.)- 20% completed • Navigational Aids
THRIKKUNNAPUZHA
THRIKKUNNAPUZHA LOCK GATE
Year-wise proposed expenditure (INR Cr)
T7
20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 Total
Legend T8 KAYAMKULAM
Declared waterway Capital 4.81 12 5 3 2 26.81
Terminal (Existing)
CHAVARA KOLLAM O&M 28.68 15.5 17.99 18.01 18.88 99.06
T9
Total 33.49 27.5 22.99 21.01 20.88 125.87
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
 National Waterway 4 (Krishna- Godavari river system)

Length: 2890 Km
DPR: WAPCOS (2010) updated on 2015 by Tojo Vikas
Scope: Cargo, Ro-Ro & Passenger
Nasik
Godavari
Potential Cargo: 7.1 MTPA Achieved Cargo: 0.5 MTPA (FY 19)
River Ro-Ro for Ibrahimpatnam to Lingayapalam started Mar’18
Polavar
PHASE-I am Ongoing Interventions Proposed Interventions
Rajahmund
Krishna Muktyala ry • Floating Pontoons at Amravati, • 4 Ro-Ro Terminals at
River
Galag Kakinada Vedadri, Durga Ghat & Bhavani Harischandrapuram,
ali Vijayawada
Island Muktyala, Ibrahimpatnam &
Madipadu
PHASE-II • LA for 4 Ro-Ro terminals
• Navigational Aids (2022-23)
• Phase-II Hydrographic &
Navigational Study

Year-wise proposed expenditure (INR Cr)

20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 Total
Capital 19 17 6 25 25 92
O&M 2 2 6 - - 10
Total 21 19 12 25 25 102
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) Note: A token provision of INR 50 Cr has been kept for Phase-II development works.
National Waterway 5

J H A R K H A N D W E S T Talcher to Jokadia 131 Km

B E N G A L

GEONKHALI
Jokadia to Mangalgadi 106 Km

Mangalgadi to Dhamra 28 Km

Mangalgadi to Paradip 67 Km
ORISSA
B A Y
O F Dhamra to Charbatia 39 Km
CHARBATIA
B E N G A L
DHAMRA
TALCHER Charbatia to Geonkhali 217 Km
MANGALGADI

Total 588 Km
PARADIP
Notified on 25th Consists of Spread over the
November, 2008 Brahmani, Kharsua, states of Odisha and
Notified on 25th afterConsists of of
enactment Kani,Spread over
Dhamra, the WestWill
Matai provide
Bengal. (497
November, 2008 NW5Brahmani,
Act. Kharsua, states of Odisha
& Mahanadi delta & and connectivity from
Km in Odisha & 91
after enactment of Kani, Dhamra, MataiEastWest
coastBengal.
canal (497 Km in
Talcher
West to Paradip,
Bengal)
NW5 Act. & Mahanadi delta & Km in Odisha & 91 Dhamra, Haldia
East coast canal Km in West Bengal) Ports

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Other National Waterways considered for development
[Link]. National Waterways Stretch State
1 National Waterway-8 Alappuzha- Changanassery Canal Kerala
2 National Waterway-9 Alappuzha- Kottayam – Athirampuzha Canal Kerala
3 National Waterway-10 Amba River Maharashtra
4 National Waterway-16 Barak River North-Eastern States
5 National Waterway-25 Chapora River Goa
6 National Waterway-27 Cumberjua River Goa
7 National Waterway-44 Ichamati River West Bengal
8 National Waterway -52 Kali River Karnataka
9 National Waterway-68 Mandovi River Goa
10 National Waterway -74 Netravathi River Karnataka
11 National Waterway-86 Rupnarayan River West Bengal
12 National Waterway-97 Sunderbans Waterway West Bengal
13 National Waterway-111 Zuari River Goa

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Connectivity with Myanmar
• Government of the Republic of India through MEA and
the Government of the Union of Myanmar signed a
framework agreement on 2nd April 2008 for
construction and operation of a Multi-Modal Transit
Transport Facility on Kaladan River.

• Framework agreement also includes following

protocols:

➢ Protocol on Facilitation of Kaladan Multi—Modal

Transit Transport (dated 2nd April 2008) for
facilitation to be provided by both parties to ease
movement of goods.
➢ Protocol on Maintenance and Administration of
Kaladan Transit Transport Facility (dated 2nd April
2008) for effective maintenance of the facility.
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Connectivity with Bangladesh through IBP Route
A Protocol on Inland Water on Transit and Trade (PIWT&T) between India and Bangladesh has been in existence
since 1972 facilitating movement o inland cargo vessels
It connects NW-1 (Ganga), NW-2 (Brahmaputra) and NW-16 (Barak) with Kolkata and Haldia ports through
Bangladesh and NW-97 (Sundarbans waterways).

Bangladesh India
Ports of Call Extended Ports Ports of Call Extended Ports
of Call of Call
Narayanganj Ghorasal Kolkata Tribeni (Bandel)
Khulna - Haldia -
Mongla - Karimganj Badarpur
Sirajganj - Pandu -
Ashuganj - Shilghat -
Pangaon Muktarpur Dhubri -
Rajshahi -- Dhulian --
Sultanganj -- Maia --
Chilmari -- Kolaghat --
Daudkandi -- Sonamura --
Bahadurabad -- Jogigopha --
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Connectivity with Nepal

Considering the availability and significance of IWT

mode for hinterland transportation, India and Nepal

have agreed to include inland waterways mode in

the Treaty of Trade and Transit between the two

countries. Following routes:

✓ Waterway & Road (from Kolkata via proposed

Kalughat terminal)

✓ Waterway & Road (from Kolkata via Varanasi

MMT)

✓ Waterway & Road (from Kolkata via Sahibganj

MMT & Manihari)

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Connectivity with Bhutan

• As per the agreement on trade, commerce and

transit between India and Bhutan, Dhubri on
NW-2 is declared as an agreed exit/ entry point
in India for EXIM cargo movement of Bhutan.

• Jogighopa has been included as a Port of Call

under PIWT&T between India and Bangladesh,
which is expected to further attract Bangladesh
bound stone aggregates from Bhutan.

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Key Challenges and Bottlenecks (1/2)
Technical Challenges

➢ Heavy siltation each year

➢ Inadequate draft

➢ Absence of Automated Information systems (RIS &

VTMS)

➢ Disposal of dredged material

➢ Limitation of undertaking river conservancy works

during flood season

➢ Low discharge along fairway

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Key Challenges and Bottlenecks (2/2)
Other Challenges

➢ More focus on development of faster modes of transport (road, railways, etc.)

➢ Very limited long-term cargo commitment from users Very limited return cargo –
making transportation unviable in many cases

➢ Limited target market (users) due to last-mile connectivity issues

➢ Lack of awareness amongst stakeholders related to transportation through IWT

➢ Minimal private participation in creating, maintaining, operating infrastructure

➢ Lack of skilled manpower as well as limited availability of technical think tanks in

this sector for river engineering and related interventions

➢ The seasonal phenomenon associated with change in water depth &

corresponding constraint in operations/ movement of cargo
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Section 5
Other Initiatives

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Public Private Partnership Initiatives

Activities Status/ Timeline

Handed over for O&M to M/s Summit Alliance Port East

GR Jetty I, II & BISN jetty
Gateway (India) Pvt. Ltd. on 30 Oct 2018

Award of contracts for following

terminals:
- Varanasi MMT - Sahibganj MMT Already under process. Expected to be completed within
- Haldia MMT - Pandu terminal FY21
- Dhubri terminal - Gaighat terminal
- Slipway at Pandu

Other terminals Identified for award:

- Karimganj and Badarpur Process of assessment under way
- Terminals on NW3

Plan to be formalized for identification of other terminals

Other terminals to be identified and taken
on feasible national waterways and timelines to be
up
decided for award of contracts

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

River Cruise Tourism on National Waterways

Cruise services owned & operational by Private parties

~12,000 tourists used cruise

services on NW-1 in FY 18-19

~950 tourists used cruise

services on NW-2 in FY 18-19

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

 4 Way Forward

Section 6
Green Initiatives

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

24
Green Initiatives

Innovative energy efficient

Green Terminal Buildings Minimum Land acquisition
vessels with zero discharge

Minimal impact on aquatic On/offshore renewable

Oil Spill contingency Plan
life power supply

Minimum emission of
Minimal fuel consumption River Information system
GHGs

Environmental Friendly E
Hospital Grade Silencers
Alternative fuel vessels Rickshaw- For last mile
For Generator's
connectivity

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

25
Section 7
Way Forward

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

Way Forward
• Preparation of Maritime Indian Vision document for 2030
• Digitized integrated platform for dissemination of information
• Revalidation of DPRs which are more than 10 years old
• Revival / operationalization of obsolete jetties to attract private sector participation
• Short Distance water transport corridors to be identified
• Smaller floating jetties to be monetized through manning contracts
• Integration with coast line to take benefit from Port led developments
• Commodity enhancement – Coal, Food grain, LPG
• Policy being framed on providing NOC to private jetties
• Moratorium on levy & collection of waterway usage charges for initial period of 3 yrs
• Final version of IV Act submitted to MoS for approval
• SFC for NW 2, 16 & IBP routes submitted to MoS for approval
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Emerging Opportunities

The development of different National Waterways is expected to generate

Emerging Opportunities multiple opportunities

Fairway Development and

maintenance
▪ Traffic on NWs is
expected to increase
from 72 million tonnes Ship Building and Repair facilities
(FY 18-19) to 100 million – Cargo/ Cruise/ Dredger/ Survey
vessels etc.
tonnes (FY21-22)

▪ Traffic on NW-1 is Terminal Operations – Opportunity

projected to increased for private players for O&M of
terminals
from 6.79 million tonnes
(FY 18-19) to 27 million
tonnes (FY22-23) River Cruise Tourism – Boost to
tourism and hospitality industry

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

 8 Way Forward

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

94