Compressed Cylinder Gas

Requirements of Cylinder

Compressed gas cylinders shall be properly marked or labeled, including their contents, with lettering in
Arabic and English .

The supplier’s identification tag shall be used to verify the contents of a cylinder.

Cylinders shall not be placed in confined spaces or adjacent to excavations.

Cylinders shall be inspected for damage, severe corrosion, valve leakage and current hydrotest date
prior to each use.

Damaged or defective cylinders shall not be used.

A leaking cylinder shall be immediately removed to an open space.

All cylinders shall have an approved pressure-reducing regulator with check valve connected to the
cylinder valve

Valves on cylinders shall not be opened more than 1½ turns.

Threads on fittings shall correspond to cylinder valve outlets.

Hose connections shall be kept free of grease and oil.

Storing of Cylinder:

Cylinders shall be stored in a safe and accessible location. Cylinder storage locations shall be a dry, well-
ventilated area .

Flammable/combustible substances (e.g., oil, grease, volatile liquids) and corrosive substances shall not
be stored in the same area as gas cylinders.

Oxygen cylinders and cylinders containing other oxidizers (e.g., chlorine, nitrous oxide) shall be stored at
least 6.1 m (20 ft) from flammable gas cylinders or they shall be separated by a ½-hour fire rated barrier
at least 1.5 m (5 ft) high.

Smoking and other sources of ignition are prohibited near storage areas.

Storage areas shall have Arabic and English “No Smoking” and “Gas Cylinder Storage Area” signs Boards.

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Cylinders shall be chained or otherwise secured in an upright position; use bottle/cylinder racks
wherever possible.

Cylinders stored in the open shall not have direct contact with the ground,

When regulators are removed from the cylinders, they shall be considered “not in use” or “stored” and
cylinder valve caps shall be put back in place.

Water and dry chemical fire extinguishers shall be immediately available within 15 m (50 ft) of the
storage area.

Cylinders shall not be stored at temperatures or locations that could result in the temperature of the
cylinder exceeding 54 °C (130 °F).

Empty and full cylinders shall be stored separately with empty cylinders plainly marked to avoid
confusion.

Handling of Cy;inder:

A cylinder shall never be lifted by its valve.

A protective cap shall remain on the valve when the cylinder is not in use.

A cylinder’s valve shall be fully closed before a cylinder is moved.

Unless a trolley or special carrier is used, regulators and hoses shall be detached and cylinder valve caps
put back in place before moving.

If cylinders are to be lifted by a crane, specially designed bottle carriers with lifting eyes shall be used.
Cylinders shall not be lifted with electromagnetic devices, slings, chains or ropes.

Cylinders, even those marked empty, shall be treated as a possible hazard and handled with great care.
No cylinder is completely empty of gas.

Personnel handling toxic gas cylinders shall be trained in the hazards of the gas they are handling and
how to use a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Empty cylinders shall be returned to the supplier with the valves closed and cylinder valve caps in place.

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 Hazardous Material
Requirements
When handling harmful chemicals or hazardous substances, precautions shall be
taken to ensure that personnel do not swallow, inhale or allow it to contact their
skin.
Hands shall be washed thoroughly after handling chemicals or hazardous
substances.
Personnel shall be trained to remove contaminated clothing, promptly flush
affected areas with clean water for at least 15 minutes
Personal protective equipment (PPE), including respiratory protection equipment
As Per Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Or Chemical Hazard Bulletin (CHB)
Mechanical ventilation shall be provided . if Concentration is Higher.
Emergency eye wash stations and showers shall:
A. Be provided when eyes or skin may be exposed to chemicals or hazardous
substances.
B. Be installed and maintained
Only the necessary amount of hazardous materials shall be stored at the job site,
usually not more than a 1-day supply.
Waste (e.g., slop liquids and trash) shall be immediately removed from the work
area.
Fire extinguishers shall be available.

Identification and Labeling:

All materials brought into a facility or project site shall be identified and evaluated
the hazards.

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Each container of hazardous material shall be properly labeled to indicate its
contents and hazards
Hazardous materials received at a facility or project site without proper labels
shall be set aside and not distributed for use until properly labeled.
labels shall be located on each container of hazardous material The container is in
the upright position.
Labels on containers exposed to direct sunlight a shall be periodically inspected to
verify that the label is clear
Unlabeled containers found in the workplace shall be tested and properly labeled

Material Safety Data Sheet/ Chemical Hazard Bulletin:

Complete and current MSDSs/CHBs for each chemical or hazardous substance
stored/used on site shall be readily accessible (e.g., at the location of the material
storage or handling areas) to employees and contractors and to emergency
response personnel (e.g., firefighters, security personnel, emergency medical
personnel). See Figure 10.2 for an example of a CHB.
CHBs printed directly from the SA Environmental Protection Department (EPD)
HAZCOM intranet site shall be printed in color to properly show the color-coded
hazard ratings.
SA and contractor employees shall be provided with effective training on the
proper use and precautions for hazardous materials in their work area. This
training shall be at the time of their initial assignment and whenever a new
hazardous material that the employees have not previously been trained on is
introduced into their work area. Chemical-specific information identified from
labels, MSDSs and/or CHBs shall be included in this training, which shall be
documented.

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Transportation , Storage and Disposal:

Hazardous materials shall be protected against shock, mixing with other

materials, damage to containers during transportation.
Vehicles transporting hazardous materials shall be suitably labeled. Drivers shall
have copies of the MSDS(s) and/or CHB(s) for the material(s) being transported
Specific storage and handling recommendations for hazardous materials provided
in MSDSs and/or CHBs shall be followed.
MSDSs and/or CHBs shall be referenced to identify which chemicals are reactive
to each other prior to transportation or storage.
Chemicals shall not be allowed to inadvertently mix with other substances during
transportation, storage or use.
Incompatible chemicals shall not be stored near each other or be mixed together.
Reactive substances shall not be stored near flammable or corrosive materials.
Combustible and flammable materials shall be stored i
Chemical containers in storage cabinets shall be inspected periodically for
container integrity.
Toxic substances shall be segregated in well-identified areas with proper exhaust
ventilation.
Spills shall be cleaned up by personnel using the appropriate PPE.

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 Hydrogen Sulfide (H2s)
Air supplied respiratory protection equipment (e.g., self-contained breathing
apparatus [SCBA], air-line respirator) shall be made available to personnel who
may be exposed to an H2S release.
Air supplied respiratory protection equipment shall be worn by all personnel in an
area where the H2S concentration equals or exceeds 10 parts per million (ppm).
Personnel working in areas with H2S shall be trained on the hazards and proper
use of respiratory protection equipment.
Personnel shall not open or enter lines, without a properly prepared procedure.
 Properly completed work permits And Gas Testing Shall Be Conducted.
 Properly calibrated H2S-detection equipment and personal monitors.
 Testing of the atmosphere inside the vessel/equipment prior to opening
and/or entering the space per GI 2.709.
 Available standby personnel who are trained on the hazards and affects of
H2S exposure, how to use an SCBA and performing first aid/basic life support
(BLS).
 Use of SCBA or air-line respirator with 5-minute escape pack by personnel
entering any line, vessel or equipment with H2S concentrations at or above 10
ppm.
 Notification of personnel in the immediate area before work begins.
 Use of the “buddy system” if atmospheric testing indicates H2S levels at or
above 10 ppm.
 Observance of wind direction.
 emergency response procedures in the event of an H2S release or
personnel exposure to elevated levels of H2S.
 Preplanned escape route and assembly areas in the event of an emergency.
 Specific methods for alerting personnel during an emergency condition.

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Personal H2S monitors shall be worn as required by local SAPO procedures in
areas where H2S concentrations have the potential to equal or exceed 10 ppm.
Personnel shall use calibrated gas monitoring equipment when performing work
in areas where there is an H2S hazard.
Warning signs and barricades shall be posted advising personnel of the potential
presence of H2S in the work area.
Personnel shall not be allowed to enter areas where the atmosphere contains an
H2S concentration of 100 ppm or greater, except in emergencies. An atmosphere
containing 100 ppm of H2S is considered immediately dangerous to life or health
(IDLH).
Only properly trained personnel wearing an SCBA shall attempt to rescue a victim
of H2S exposure.
Personnel expected to use a SCBA as part of their normal or emergency duties
shall be medically approved before donning the device

H2S Training
A. Training shall be provided to personnel working in areas
B. Training shall include, at a minimum:
 Physical and chemical properties of H2S.
 Signs and symptoms of H2S exposure, including the physical warning
properties of rotten egg odor, burning of eyes, throat irritation, nausea and
dizziness.
Responsibilities of standby personnel
o Proper use of H2S detection equipment.
o Monitoring strategy (e.g., frequency of atmospheric testing).
o Securing the work area(s).
o Monitoring wind direction.
o Notification of emergency assistance if required.

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 PPE, especially respiratory protection:
o Locations of SCBAs and spare cylinders.
o Limitations and capabilities of SCBAs and air-line respirators.

Emergency response procedures

o Instructions for alerting personnel of an emergency.
o Notification of emergency response personnel.
o Evacuation routes and assembly areas.

H2S detection and monitoring methods

o Limitations.
o Calibrations.
o Function testing.
o Use.

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 Hand Tools And Power Tools
Requirements For Hand Tools :
Required work permits (cold work permit) when using hand tools an accordance
with GI 2.100.
Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) shall be worn at all times when
using hand tools (e.g., hard hat, safety glasses/ goggles, hearing protection, safety
shoes, gloves, face shield).
Personnel shall not operate any tools unless they are appropriately trained in
their selection, use, inspection and storage.
Training records shall be made available upon request
Use of “homemade” tools is prohibited.
Tools shall be kept clean at all times.
Tools shall be inspected before and after use, as well as before storage.
Proper racks and boxes shall be provided and used for storage of tools.
Only properly insulated or nonconductive tools shall be used when work is
performed on or near electrical equipment.
A record of tools issued, repaired or withdrawn from use shall be maintained..

Requirements For Portable Power Tools:

Work Permit (Hot Work Permit) Is Required to Use Power Tools.
All The Persons Shall Be Qualified.

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Portable power tools shall be equipped with properly functioning constant
pressure switches or controls that will shut off the power when the pressure is
released (i.e., a “dead man” switch).
Power tools shall not be equipped with trigger locks.
Do not use 240v as a power source.
Protective shields/guards supplied with the tools (per design) shall not be
removed.
Power tools shall be disconnected from the power source before changing bits,
blades, cutters or wheels.
Portable power tools shall be stored in clean and dry conditions.
Portable power tools shall not be left lying around the work area where they
could be damaged.
Need to Check The Expiry Date For Wheels.
Need To Check the Speed of the Wheel Is Greater than Grinding Machine.
Proper Sign Boards & Barricade Shall Be Avaliable.
Personnal Should Wear Proper PPE

Material Handling
Requirements For Site Storage:
The issuing and receiving of material for on-site storage shall be under the control
of a responsible person (e.g., materials controller, unit foreman).
Adequate firefighting equipment shall be available in the storage area.
All materials stored in tiers shall be stacked, racked

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Lumber shall be stacked such that it is stable and self-supporting and shall be on
level and solidly supported sills. Piles shall not exceed 4.8 m (16 ft) in height if the
lumber is handled manually or 6.0 m (20 ft) when handled with equipment. Used
lumber shall have all nails removed before stacking.
Small items (e.g., nuts and bolts) shall be stored in bins suitably marked with their
contents.
fire protection sprinkler system Shall Be Avaliable.
In storage areas on elevated floors, the maximum safe load limit, in kg/m2 and
lb/ft2, Maximum safe loads shall not be exceeded.
Storage areas and walkways shall be maintained
passageways shall be kept clear to provide for the free and safe movement of
material handling equipment and personnel. Such areas shall be kept in good
repair.
Warnings of the dangers associated with hazardous materials shall be posted at
their storage location. Chemical Hazard Bulletins (CHBs) and/or Material Safety
Data Sheets (MSDSs) shall be readily available (e.g., in supervisor’s office or
posted on the storage area bulletin board).

Manual Handling:
 Supervision shall assess the size, shape, weight and disposition of materials
to be handled and plan the most efficient and safest method to accomplish the
task.
 Workers shall be instructed in proper manual material handling techniques
and practices prior to their work assignment. See Section 12.6.3.
 The assignment of manual material handling tasks shall consider personal
physical limitations that vary among individuals. Care shall be taken so as to not
exceed these limitations.
 Heavy materials requiring manual lifting shall be stored below waist height.
 The proper tools/lift-assist devices shall be provided for the job.

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 Personal protection equipment (PPE) shall be worn as required.

Four Key Requirements:

 A good grip. Ensure maximum use of the palm of the hand, the ball of the
thumb and base of the fingers.
 A straight back. The person’s back shall be kept straight to maintain its
most natural and strongest position. This means that the knees and ankles must
be bent and the chin kept well into the chest. The body must be positioned as
close to the load as possible.
 Steady feet. Feet shall be spread apart the width of the hips with one foot
slightly in front of the other.
 Arms close to the body. Arms shall be kept as close to the body as possible.

Material Handling Equipment:

1 .forklifts, backhoes and other mechanical equipment
2 .Mechanical and Heavy Equipment,
3. cranes and other lifting equipment,
Work Permit is Required.
All The Documents Shall Be Avaliable.
Only qualified operators/drivers shall operate power equipment.
Operator Shall Have SPSP 3rd Party Certificate.
Need To Check All Safety Device like PWAS, BLIND spot Camera, Emergency Stop,
Reverse Warning Sound , Anti Two Block Device, Anemometer, Load Indicating
Device. Safe Working Load etc.
Need Fire Watch And Plagman Shall Be Avaliable.
Control of any moving load or material shall be maintained at all times.
Adequate clearances shall be maintained
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The load capacity of material handling equipment shall not be exceeded. When
transferring a load,
All equipment with rotating counterweights shall have the complete swing radius
barricaded.
Standard hand signals shall be used and clear communication maintained
between designated signalmen and operators. The most efficient type of
communication (e.g., radio or hand signals) shall be used.
Supervisors shall ensure that workers perform proper rigging to balance and
control each lifted load With Proper Tag line.
All vehicles shall be immobilized by chocking their wheels when loading and
unloading materials.
When offloading flatbed trailers, personnel shall take precautions to avoid being
injured by shifting materials, which may suddenly slide or twist.

Machine Transport (Trailers)

The trailer and its load shall not exceed the rated capacity of the trailer The trailer
shall be fitted with an independent braking system if it is designed to carry more
than 9,100 kg (20,000 lb).
Pipe-carrying trailers shall be fitted with side stops. Trucks transporting pipes shall
be fitted with a metal partition/barrier on the front end of the trailer to prevent
the material being transported from striking the cab in case of a sudden stop or
travel down a steep grade.
Loads shall be securely tied down before being moved.
The load shall be covered if it includes loose material (e.g., dirt, sand, gravel).
Warning placards load is being transported.
Applicable road permits shall be obtained prior to transportation
If any part of the load extends from the trailer (at either side or end), the edges
shall be clearly marked with red and white warning tape. For piping, a red
flag/cloth

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 Heat Stress
Those Who Are Working In Hot Environment Causes Heat Illness.
Three Types Of Heat illness
 Heat Cramps
 Heat Exhaustion
 Heat Stroke

Responsibilities:
1. Document heat stress mitigation measures in the specific work plan’
 Scheduling the work during the coolest times of the day (e.g., early
morning and evening/night).
 Providing measures such as shading and local ventilation when work in
direct sunlight is required.
 Monitoring employees for symptoms of heat-related illness.
 Rotating workers in and out of hot areas, as possible.
 Communicating locations of designated break/recovery areas, emergency
reporting procedures and nearest medical facilities to workers.
 Scheduling work/rest rotations for workers based on temperature and
relative humidity
2. Conduct periodic (e.g., weekly) safety meetings/talks during hot weather about
heat stress hazards and precautions
3 Display educational information related to heat stress conditions,
4, illness/symptoms and preventive measures (e.g., Appendices A and B) on
bulletin boards and break/recovery areas, etc.

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Control Of Heat Stress:
Engineering Controls
A. Shade
Designated shaded break/rest areas shall be provided at a distance not greater
than 100 m (330 ft)
B. Local Ventilation
When the air temperature is less than 37 °C (99 °F), fans or portable air movers
may be used to reduce heat stress by increasing the air flow in the work area.
C. Portable Air Cooling Systems
Portable blowers with built-in air chillers shall be used as needed (e.g., when
confined spaces and enclosed work areas have ambient temperatures exceeding
43 °C [110 °F]) to provide cooling for confined spaces and similar enclosed work
areas.
Administrative Controls
A. Scheduling
Schedule work for the cooler times of the day,
b. Water Replacement (Hydration)
Workers shall drink plenty of water prior to the start of each shift. supply of cool
drinking water shall be located within 100 m (330 ft) walking distance of each
worker and in all designated break/rest areas.
c. Work/Rest Rotations
Work and rest rotations shall be based on the actual heat index at the work site.
d. Personal Monitoring
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Employees shall observe each other for signs of heat-related illness.

Category IV. Extreme III. Danger II. Extreme I. Caution

Danger ** Caution

Heat Index > 52 39–51 30–38 25–29

Heat Stress Heat stroke Heat cramps, Heat cramps, Fatigue possible
Illness/Sympto imminent heat heat with prolonged
ms exhaustion or exhaustion or exposure
heat heat and/or physical
stroke likely stroke activity.
with possible with
prolonged prolonged
exposure and exposure
physical and physical
activity. activity.

Work:Rest 20:10 30:10 50:10 Normal/

Scheduled
Periods 1 cup every 1 cup every 1 cup every
(Minutes) 10 minutes 15 minutes 20 minutes 1 cup every
Min. Water 20 minutes
Needed *

1. Heat Cramps

Although heat cramps are not dangerous, they are an early warning sign

Causes:
• sweating.
Symptoms:
• Painful cramping of the muscles (e.g., arms, legs or stomach).
• Hot, moist skin.
• Slightly elevated body temperature.
Treatment:
• Stop all activity.
• Rest in a cool, shaded area (e.g., designated break/recovery area).

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• Loosen clothing.
• Drink water.
• If symptoms persist, seek medical aid.
2. Heat Exhaustion

Heat exhaustion is the body’s response to an excessive loss of water and salt by
sweating.

Causes:
• sweating
• Enlarged surface blood vessels.
Symptoms :
• Heavy sweating.
• Intense thirst and cool, moist skin.
• Weakness and dizziness.
• Headache
• vomiting.
• rritability or confusion.
• Rapid pulse.
Treatment:
• Move the victim to a cool, shaded area (e.g., designated break/recovery area).
• Call for medical help.
• Loosen the clothing.
• Shower skin with cool water.
• sport drinks that have electrolytes
Notes:
1. Heat exhaustion can rapidly progress to heat stroke if not properly treated.
2. Remember that sweating only cools the body if the sweat evaporates. If it cannot
evaporate, it
cannot cool.

3. Heat Strokes

Heat stroke is a medical emergency and death or permanent tissue damage may
occur if treatment
is not given promptly.
Causes:

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• Occurs when the body no longer sweats and body temperature reaches dangerous
levels.

Symptoms:
• Dry, hot skin with no sweating.
• High body temperature (above 40 °C [103 °F]).
• Strong, rapid pulse.
• Chills.
• Weakness, , vomiting.
• Mental confusion.
• Seizures or convulsions.
• Collapse, loss of consciousness.
Treatments:
• Immediately call For medical help.
• Cool the victim down as much as possible while waiting for medical help:
o Move the victim immediately to a cool, shaded area.
o Loosen or remove heavy clothing.
o Fan the victim’s body with water.

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 Excavations and Trenching
Excavation:
It is a Man made Cut Or Digging Of Ground by Manual are Mechanical Equipment.
Trenching:
It is a Narrow Excavation Its Depth is Greater than Width.

 Excavation More Than 1.2m It is Considered as Confined Space.

Excavation plan Designed by Engineer

 For Type B&C Soil Excavation Greater Than 2.4 m need Excavation plan.
 For Type A& Stable Rock Excavation greater than 6m need excavation plan
Type Strength slope Degree remarks
Soil A High 0.75:1 53
Soil B less 1:1 45 Benching
&Shoring
Soil C less 1.25:1 34 Benching
&Shoring
Stable Rock High No need 90

Excavation Requirements:
 Work Permit is Required
 All The Persons Shall be Qualified in working Area
 Unqualified Persons Shall not Allowed.

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  All The Documents Shall be Avaliable in working
area(JSA,MOS,RA,HIP,ERP,etc) need to convey in Tool box talk.
 Gas Testing Shall be Conducted.
 Need to check the Pre Excavation checklist.
 Need to Check the Excavation Checklist.
 Need to check the Equipment 3rd party certificate and Strickers.
 Operater Shall be Qualified by SA and he Should have spsp Certificate.
 Need to check the Equipment Checklist.
 Fire watch and Flagman Shall be Avaliable.
 Need to Check the Underground Utilities and Mark
 Area Shall be Barricated 2m from the edge of the Excavation and Warning
Sign Board Shall be Placed.
 Fire Extinguisher Shall be Present.
 Removing Soils Shall be placed 0.6m from the Edge of excavation.
 Need to build any scaffold 1.5 times of depth.
 If any underground Pipelines or existing pipelines or cables with in 3 m do
not use mechanical excavators use man made digging.
 If any movement of vehicle near excavation shall be 2m or depth of the
Excavation.
 If soil B&C any crane movement Shall be 2x of depth
 If Soil A any crane movement Shall be depth of the Excavation.
 All the Person Shall wear Proper PPE.
 If Greater than 1. 2 m one Stand by man Shall be Avaliable he Shall moniter
Gas Testing Every 2 hours & SCBA shall be Avaliable near the Excavation
area
 Proper Ladder Shall Be Present Every 7.5 m 1 ladder and extand 1m Above
the Ground level.

Excavation plan
 Purpose, size of excavation and work to be performed.
 Soil classification
 Location of underground obstructions such as pipes, electric
cables and
 other utilities.

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  Presence of nearby process equipment or piping with the
potential for
 release of hydrocarbon or toxic materials (e.g., H2S).
 Weather and soil moisture conditions, especially high water
table.
 Sources of soil vibrations (highway traffic, machinery,
railroads, etc.).
 Location and type of barricades, signs and lighting.
 Method of excavating and removal of soil.
 Protective system to be used (i.e., benching, sloping or
shoring).
 Emergency rescue equipment required.
 Means of entry and exit.

Scaffolding
It is a Temporary structure for Work Purpose is called
Scaffolding

GI 8.001, Safety Requirements for Scaffolds

Types of Scaffolding
 Independent Scaffolding
 Birdcage Scaffolding
 Cantilever Scaffolding
 Hanging Scaffolding
 Mobile Scaffolding
 Patended Scaffolding

Components:
Sole plate – size 300*300*38mm
Base Plate – Size 150*150*6mm
Standards – OD-48mm Length-6m Thickness -6mm
Ledges – First Ledges Are placed within 150 mm

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Transoms - First Transoms Are placed within 150 mm
Bracing – It is a Side support for scaffolding
Coupler – Right Angle Coupler , Swivel Coupler ,Sleeve Coupler, joint pin etc
Plank – Size 2200 *220*38mm
Top Rail - Size 950 -1200mm Height
Mid Rail – Size 450-600mm Height
Toe Guard – Size 150 mm Height
Vertical Upright – Min Distance 1.5 m – Max 2.5 m
Door – Door Shall be present in Guard rail system
Ladder – Shall be present and 1m Above the Platform
Hooks - Shall support 200 kg Weight But can lift only 25 kg
Lifting bag – Support 25kg weight.

Right Angle Coupler:

Class B
Load(SWL) - 9.4KN (2,100lbs)
Swivel coupler:
Class- A& B
Load(SWL) – Class- A 5.3 KN (1190lbs) Class –B 9.4KN (2,100lbs)
Sleeve Coupler:
Class B
Load(SWL) - Class- B 3 KN (675lbs) Class –B 0.59 KN (435 lbs)

Guard Rail System Support al least 90 kg (200lbs)

Platform Walkways At least 675mm
Scaffolding Shall not be done when Wind Speed More Than 65 KPH
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As per Osha
Light Duty Scaffold Design And Rated – 120 kg/m3 (1.2 N/m2)
Medium Duty Scaffold Design And Rated – 240 kg/m3 (2.4 N/m2)
Heavy Duty Scaffold Design And Rated – 360 kg/m3 (3.6 N/m2)
Light Duty Scaffold (1 Bay)
Option 1 Planks 4nos ,Ledges & Transoms 1.0 m (3.25 ft) Height 2.7 m (9.0 ft)
max.
Option 2 Planks 5nos , Ledges & Transoms 1.2 m (4.0 ft) Height 2.4 m (8.0 ft)
max.
Based on 48.3 mm (2 in) O .D., 3.2 mm (0.126 in) wall thickness,
Medium Duty Scaffold (1 Bay)
Planks 4nos ,Ledges & Transoms 1.2 m (4 ft) Height 1.8 m (6.0 ft) max.
Based on 48.3 mm (2 in) O D., 3.2 mm (0.126 in) wall thickness,

Heavy Duty Scaffold:(1 Bay)

Planks 4nos ,Ledges & Transoms 1.2 m (4 ft) Height 1.8 m (6.0 ft) max.
Based on 50 mm O D., 6 mm wall thickness,

Design and Review:

If Scaffolding Greater Than 12.2m Design Approved by Proponent & Loss
Prevention Department
If Scaffolding Greater Than 38m Additional SA CSD
Erection:
If Scaffolding greater than 12.2m Approved scaffolding Contractor need to Erect
If Scaffolding less than 12.2m Than Approved Scaffolder Can do
Final inspection And Tagging & Sign:
If Scaffolding Lesser than 6m Than Scaffolding Supervisor need to check.

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If Scaffolding greater than 6m then Scaffolding supervisor and inspector sign Shall
be available.

Tagging system:
RED: Damaged Scaffolding Only Qualified Scaffolder can work.
YELLOW: Any Modification do not use for work purpose only Qualified Scaffolder can work.
GREEN: Ready to use with proper Fall Protection Equipment.

Requirements For Scaffolding

 Work permit is required.
 All the Person working in this area shall be Qualified and Trained
 All the Documents Shall be avaliable and need to convey in Tool box Talk.
 All the Person Shall wear proper PPE.
 Proper Sign Boards And Area Shall be Barricated.
 Person Working Above 1.8 m Shall Wear Fall Protection Equipment.
 Need to check the Ground Level.
 If any Excavation means 1.5 times of depth Distance need to Maintain And
then build Scaffolding.
 Need to check the Scaffolding All the Components like Sole plate Base plate
etc.
 Need to check the Tagging in the Scaffolding.
 Ladder Shall be available 4:1 Ratio and 1m Above the Platform.
 Fire Extinguisher shall be Avaliable if any hot work in Progress
 In Scaffolding Proper Guard Rail System Shall be Avaliable.

Mobile and Tower Scaffold Construction

A. Mobile and tower scaffolds shall be plumb, level and square

B. Plan (horizontal) bracing shall be installed at the base lift, at the top lift

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C. Light-duty tube-and-coupler mobile and tower scaffolds
and shall have a maximum post spacing of 2 m (6.5 ft) in both directions.

D. Medium-duty tube-and-coupler mobile and tower scaffolds shall have

a maximum post spacing of 1.5 m (5 ft) in both directions.
E. For mobile and tower scaffolds, an internal ladder is preferred over an external
ladder.
F. Screwjacks shall be used to level mobile or tower scaffold as needed.
G.Mobile scaffolds rated for light duty shall have steel caster
wheels not less
than 13 cm (5 in) in diameter.
H. Mobile scaffolds rated for medium duty shall have heavy-duty
steel caster
wheels not less than 18 cm (7 in) in diameter.
I. Post loads shall not exceed the safe working capacity of the
caster wheels.
J. Caster wheels shall be fitted with a positive wheel lock
K. Caster wheels shall be securely fixed to the base of scaffold
posts
L. The working area of any platform shall not extend outside the
scaffold base by locking pins.
M. Platform units (planks) shall be securely fixed in position.
Q. The maximum height of mobile scaffolds shall not exceed 12.2
m (40 ft).
R. A complete guardrail system shall be provided at every
platform per
with toeboards

LADDER Requirements
Self-supporting portable ladders shall be rated to support at least four times
the maximum intended load.
Portable ladders and stepladders shall be inspected before each use.
Damaged or weakened ladders shall be immediately removed from Saudi
Aramco (SA) property or project sites. Examples of unacceptable damage
include:
Split or broken side rails.
Missing or damaged rungs.
25
Bent or missing hinges.
Any other damage that hinders safe use of the ladder
A. Straight ladders and extension ladders shall be placed at a slope of 4:1

B. Straight ladders and extension ladders shall be placed vertically

C. Ladders shall extend at least 1 m (3 ft) above the landing surface to which
D. the ladder is used to gain access (e.g., platform, eave or roof).
E. Personnel shall ensure that their shoes and the ladder are free from grease,
oil, mud, etc., before climbing a ladder.

F. Only one person shall be on a portable ladder or stepladder at a time.

G. Need to wear Fall Protection Equipment .

FALL PROTECTION
Requirements:
 Where possible, work shall be performed on the ground to minimize
 exposure to falls from heights.
 Each person who could fall more than 1.8 m (6 ft) shall be protected from
 falling by a fall protection system.
 Fall protection systems include fixed fall protection systems (i.e.,
 temporary or permanent platforms with a complete guardrail system
 consisting of toprails, midrails and toeboards provided at all open edges)
 Personal fall arrest systems shall include a full-body harness shock-
absorbing lanyard or self-retracting lifeline and a substantial anchor point
and/or horizontal/vertical lifeline.
 Shock-absorbing lanyards shall be either a “Y” lanyard
 Self Locking or Self Closing Hooks Shall be Avaliable
Shock-absorbing lanyards shall:
A. Bring personnel to a complete stop and limit the maximum deceleration
distance an individual travels to 1.07 m (3.5 ft).

26
B. Not exceed 1.8 m (6 ft) in length.
C. Safely support 2,268 kg (5,000 lb) dead weight (i.e., minimum breaking
strength).
D. Limit the arresting force to 408 kg (900 lb).
F. Be labeled by the manufacturer as meeting ANSI Z359.1.
G. Not be made of wire rope.
H. If a “Y” lanyard or double-leg lanyard be marked with the following
warnings which shall be followed:
Connect only the center snap hook to the D-ring on the full-body
harness.
Do not attach the leg of the lanyard which is not in use to the harness,
except to attachment points specifically designated by the
manufacturer for this purpose.

Anchor Points and Lifelines

A. Be capable of supporting at least 2,268 kg (5,000 lb) per person attached.
B. Not be guardrails, standpipes, vents, small diameter piping systems, cable
trays, that cannot safely support 2,268 kg (5,000 lb) dead weight
C. Be high enough to prevent personnel rom free falling more than 1.8 m (6 ft)
D. Not be located so as to cause loss of balance or a body position that would
increase the risk of fall during attachment and detachment of the lanyard.
E. Be free of sharp edges.
F. Be located above the crane hook during personnel platform (manbasket)
operations.
Horizontal lifelines
A. Be a minimum 12 mm (1/2 inch) diameter wire rope having a breaking
strength specified by the manufacturer of at least 9,000 kg (20,000 lb).
Other materials, such as manila, nylon or polypropylene rope, shall not be
used as a horizontal lifeline.
B. Have a safety factor of at least two against failure (including anchor points)
and be capable of supporting 2,268 kg (5,000 lb) per person attached,
applied anywhere along the lifeline.
C. Be designed by a degreed structural engineer, and the material
specifications, calculations and drawings shall be submitted to the SAPO
for review prior to installation.
D. Not have an unloaded sag at the center of the lifeline greater than 30 cm
(12 inches) for every 10 m (33 ft) of lifeline length between anchor points
and have a means of tensioning, e.g., turnbuckles.
E. Have no more than three persons attached at one time between anchor

27
points, unless designed by a degreed structural engineer
Vertical lifelines shall:
A. Have only one person attached at a time.
B. Be attached to an anchor point that is capable of supporting at least 2,268
kg (5,000 lb) dead weight.
C. Be made from wire rope with a minimum diameter of 10 mm (3/8 inch).

28
29
 Abrasive Blasting
GI 6.021, Abrasive Blasting Operations

Requirements
 Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Avaliable in the working Area.
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Avaliable
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 All the Equipments like (Air Compressor, Air Cooler, Air Receiver, Air
Filter, Co moniter, Blasting pot) Shall have 3rd Party Certification And
Strickers Shall be Avaliable.
 All the Equipment checklist need to Check.
 Hearing protection is required when the noise level exceeds 85 dB.
 Need to moniter Co If more Means Need to Stop the Blasting
 Air Receiver Shall be Hydro tested once per Year.
 All the Equipment Shall Be Grounded.
 Air Filter As per manufacturer Recommends or 3 months need to Change.
 Air Receiving Hood as per Osha and Air Quality Shall be Class D
 Blaster Shall be Qualified and Approved by SA.
 All the Hoses need to inspect Daily and it should have color code, and
Connected eith whip lash Arrester.
 All the Combustable Material Shall be Moved Away.
 Blasting Area Shall be Hard Barricated And Proper Sign Boards Shall be
Avaliable
 Proper Ventilation Shall Provide.
 The Working area Shall be Neet And Clean.
 In Blasting Hose Deadman Handle Shall Avaliable
 All the Person near Working Area Shall Wear Al least N95 Mask.
 Proper Facility Shelter and Water Shall provide with in 100m
 Fire Extinguisher And Water Barrel & Eye Wash Shall be Avaliable.
 Do not point Gun Towards Any Person.
 Silica Sand Shall not be used.
 Approved Abrasives Shall be Used and MSDS Shall be placed.

30


31
 PAINTING
Requirements:
 Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Avaliable in the working Area.
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Avaliable
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 All the Equipments like (Air Compressor, Air Cooler, Air Receiver, Air
Filter, Painting machine) Shall have 3rd Party Certification And Strickers
Shall be Avaliable.
 All the Equipment checklist need to Check.
 Air Receiver Shall be Hydro tested once per Year.
 All the Equipment Shall Be Grounded.
 As Per MSDS need to Store the Paint .
 Spray painting shall not be performed within 23 m (75 ft) of ignition sources
(e.g., welding, flame cutting, smoking areas, electrical generators).
 Site Storage Only 14 days Shall Permit.
 Air Filter As per manufacturer Recommends or 3 months need to Change.
 Painter Shall be Qualified and Approved by SA.
 All the Hoses need to inspect Daily and it should have color code, and
Connected eith whip lash Arrester.
 All the Combustable Material Shall be Moved Away.
 Area Shall be Hard Barricated And Proper Sign Boards Shall be Avaliable
 Proper Ventilation Shall Provide. Do not point Gun Towards Any Person.
 The Working area Shall be Neet And Clean.
 In Painting Gun Deadman Switch And Guard Shall Avaliable
 All the Person near Working Area Shall Wear Al least N95 Mask.
 Proper Facility Shelter and Water Shall provide with in 100m
 Fire Extinguisher And Water Barrel &Eye Wash Shall be Avaliable.
 Disposal Of Waste Can in Proper Dustbin Don’t Mix any Combustable
material on it.
WELDING
Joining of two metal is called welding.

32
Requirements:
 Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Available
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Available in the working Area.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 Combustible Material Shall be Removed From Working Area.
 If Oxygen Greater than 23.6% Work Shall be Stopped.
 Proper Ventilation Shall Provide
 Air Cooler Shall Provide If Temp Greater than 41C
 Used Welding Rods Shall be Collected with Proper Box.
 Combustible Material Cant Remove Means It Can be Covered With Fire
Blanket.
 All The Equipment Shall Have 3rd Party Certificate, Calibration And
Stickers Shall be Available.
 All the Tools Shall have Color Code.
 All the Equipment Shall Have Proper GFCI and Grounded.
 All the Control Panel Shall be Locked ,Tagged And Color Code
 Fire Extinguisher , Eye Wash Shall be Available And Color Coded.
 All the Cables Within 3m of Welding Holder And Cables Arrange Properly.
 Proper Sign Boards And Hard Barricades
 Movement For Vehicle Space Shall Provide.
 First Aid Kid Shall be Available and Nurse Inspected by Every Month.
 Spill Kit and Dustbins Shall be Available.
 Working Area Shall be Neet and Clean.
 Material Do not Direct Contact with Ground.
 If any unsafe Activity means Need to stop work and Warning Letter Shall be
issured.
 Proper Facility like Shelter and Water Shall Provide Within 100m.

Mechanical Heavy Equipment

Heavy Equipment like Crane, Excavators, Manlift, Graders, Truck, portable
Generator, Forklift, millers, Dumber , Loaders.

33
Requirements:
 Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Available
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Available in the working Area.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 Heavy equipment shall be inspected on a regular basis.
 Equipment Shall Have 3rd Party Certification And Stickers Shall be
Available.
 Operator Shall be Qualified by SA and SPSP (saudi Petroleum Service
Polytechnic) Certification shall be available.
 Need to Check the Equipment Checklist.
 Equipment Safety Device Shall be Available (PWAS, Blind Spot Cameras,
Reverse Warning Light And Sound, Emergency Stop Button,
 Reverse/backup alarms shall be audible at a level at least10 dB above
ambient noise on all heavy equipment.
 Warning Sign Boards And Barricades Shall be Avaliable.
 Trained Flag man and Fire Watch Shall be Avaliable.
 Fire Extinguisher Shall be Available.
 All heavy Equipment Shall be Properly Maintanence.
 Heavy Equipment Cabin Free From Damage.

Crane Operation
Requirements:
 Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Available
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Available in the working Area.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 Heavy equipment shall be inspected on a regular basis.
 Equipment Shall Have 3rd Party Certification And Stickers Shall be
Available.

34
  Operator Shall be Qualified by SA and SPSP (saudi Petroleum Service
Polytechnic) Certification shall be available.
 Rigger Shall be Qualified.
 Need to Check the Equipment Checklist.
 Equipment Safety Device Shall be Available (PWAS, Blind Spot Cameras,
Reverse Warning Light And Sound, Emergency Stop Button, SWL,Anti
Two Block Device , Load Indicating Device
 Reverse/backup alarms shall be audible at a level at least10 dB above
ambient noise on all heavy equipment.
 Warning Sign Boards And Barricades Shall be Avaliable.
 Trained Flag man and Fire Watch Shall be Avaliable.
 Fire Extinguisher Shall be Available.
 All heavy Equipment Shall be Properly Maintanence.
 Heavy Equipment Cabin Free From Damage.
 If wind Speed Greater Than 32Km/hr Work Shall be Stopped
 During Lifting Outer Riggers Shall be Fully Extanded.
 Mats or Pads Shall be placed downside of Outer riggers.
 Man lift if Wind Speed Greater than 25Km/hr Work Shall be Stopped.
 Tag lines Shall be Used During Lifting.
 During Lifting the Ground Should be Level.

Critical lift:
 Critical Lift Plan Shall be Prepared by Rigger level 1
 Lifting Operation near powerline .
 Lifting Activity near Existing Pipelines.
 Any lift more Than 85% of Capacity
 Any lift more than 40Ton.
 Manlift
 Blind lift
 Lifting at night.
Requirements for Rigger:
Rigger are Three level
Level 1 – More than 40 ton
Level 2 – Less than 40 Ton
35
Level 3 – Less than 10 Ton
Rigger need Shall Inspect all the Slings , Shackles
All the Slings and Shackles Shall have 3rd Party Certificate and Stickers shall be
available.
Sling Angle Not less than 60 Degree
Rigger level 1 need to Inspect sling and Shackles monthly and Give Color code.

PRESSURE TESTING
GI 2.102, Pressure Testing Safely

Requirements:

36
  Hot Work Permit is Required
 All the Documents Like (JSA HIP, ERP, RA,MOS etc) Shall be Available
And Convey to Workers in Tool box Talk.
 All the Person Working in that Area Shall be Qualified And Trained Person.
 Site Supervisor Shall be Available in the working Area.
 All the Persons Working in that Area Shall wear Proper PPE.
 Equipment Shall Have 3rd Party Certification And Stickers Shall be
Available.
 All the Equipment Shall Be Grounded.
 All the Hoses need to inspect Daily and it should have color code, and
Connected with whip lash Arrester.
 All the Combustible Material Shall be Moved Away.
 Blasting Area Shall be Hard Barricated And Proper Sign Boards Shall be
Available
 Need to Check the Pressure Safety valve And Shall Have 3rd party certificate
and Shall be Tagged
 Pressure Gauges Shall be Calibrated.
 MSDS and CHB Shall be Available.
 All the Blinds , Gasset, Fitting ,Flanges Shall be High Rated.
 During Testing Blind Side Shall not Stand.

Prior to Testing/Preparation Steps:

A. Related safety instruction sheets.

B. Pressure test diagrams or hydrostatic test diagrams.
C. Test manifold arrangement.
D “blind list” showing locations of blind flanges and any isolation valves
(numbered in order of installation).
E. Locations of check valves (flappers should be removed, if necessary, prior
to testing).
F. Use of properly rated gaskets
G. Location(s) of the lowest-rated component(s) that determine the test
pressure.
H. Locations of air vents, if appropriate.
I. Location of filling point(s).
J. Vacuum valve sizes and set pressures, if any.
K. Relief valve sizes and set pressures.

37
L. Test pressures.
M. Test mediums and any chemical additives.
N. Any special support requirements to sustain the weight of the test liquid.
O. Barricade locations to prevent unauthorized personnel entry.
P. Safe clearance distances for personnel performing the test.
Q. Locations of warning signs and markings for the test areas.
R. Lift plans (as required).

AC Alternating current
ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
ACI American Concrete Institute
ACM Asbestos-containing material
AED Automated external defibrillator
AIHA American Industrial Hygiene Association
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction
ALARA As low as reasonably achievable
ALI American Ladder Institute
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers
ASSE American Society of Safety Engineers
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
AWG American wire gauge
BI Budget item
BLS Basic life support
CDZ Controlled decking zone
CFR (U.S.) Code of Federal Regulations
CGA Compressed Gas Association
CHB Chemical hazard bulletin
CITB Construction Industry Training Board
CSD Consulting Services Department
CSAR Contractor Safety Administrative Requirements
CSES Confined space entry supervisor
CSM Construction Safety Manual
CSSP Contractor site safety program
dBA Decibels-A scale
DB&B Double block and bleed
DC Direct current
EH&S Environment, health and safety
EKG Electrocardiogram
38
EN European standard
EPD Environmental Protection Department
ERP Emergency response plan
FM Factory Mutual
FRC Flame-resistant clothing
GFCI Ground-fault circuit interrupter
GI General Instruction
GPS Global positioning system
GS Gulf standard
HAZCOM Hazard communication
HEPA High-efficiency particulate air
HIP Hazard identification plan
HLO Helicopter loading officer
HUET Helicopter Underwater Egress Training
IATA International Air Transport Association
IBC International Building Code
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ID Inspection Department
IDLH Immediately dangerous to life or health
IMCA International Marine Contractors Association
ISEA International Safety Equipment Association
JO Job order
Job X Job explanation
JSA Job safety analysis
JSL Job site safety logbook
LEL Lower explosive limit
LMI Load moment indicator
LPD Loss Prevention Department
LPG Liquefied petroleum gas
LUP Land use permit
LVL Laminated veneer lumber
MOH Saudi Arab Government Ministry of Health
MMSR Minimum Medical Standards Requirements manual
MSDS Material safety data sheet
MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration
MVA Motor vehicle accident
NASC National Access and Scaffolding Confederation
NDT Non-destructive testing
NEC National Electric Code

39
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NEBOSH National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health
NORM Naturally occurring radioactive material
NSC National Safety Council
OD Outer diameter
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
P&CSD Process & Control Systems Department
PEL Permissible exposure limit
PFAS Personal fall arrest system
PFD Personal flotation device
PIC Person in charge
PIC Pilot in command
P&ID Process and instrumentation diagram
POD Power Operations Department
PPE Personal protective equipment
PSI Project safety index
RER Rupture exposure radius
RPE Respiratory protection equipment
RPO Radiation Protection Officer
RPU Radiation Protection Unit
RSO Radiation Safety Officer
RTFI Radiographic film interpretation
SA Saudi Aramco
SAEP Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure
SAES Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard
SAMSS Saudi Aramco Materials System Specification
SAPO Saudi Aramco proponent organization
SASC Saudi Aramco Sanitary Code
SASD Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing
SCBA Self-contained breathing apparatus
SCC Security control center
SCFM Standard cubic feet per minute
SCLM Standard cubic liters per minute
SFA Standard first aid
SPIB Southern Pine Inspection Bureau
SSE Short service employee
STP Standard temperature and pressure
SWL Safe working load

40
TCLP Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
T&D Training and Development
T&I Test and inspection
TLD Thermoluminescent dosimeter
TLV Threshold limit value
UL Underwriters’ Laboratories
WCLIB West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau
WSSM Work Site Safety Manual

41