CS_RS11-IIIf-j-2

LESSON 14: Citing Related Literature Using Standard Style

QUARTER 1 | S.Y. 2024-2025

Citation
3. Harvard Style
Importance of Citation - Similar to APA, and it is well-used in the UK
- In the process of learning from others, we and Australia.
must also appreciate their contributions to
the topic that we are researching on. 4. Chicago Manual of Style (CMoS)
- Citation not only recognizes the - First published in 1906 by the University of
accomplishments of the author, but also Chicago Press and it is currently on its 17th
establishes your own research as being edition. It has two variations:
grounded on the work of other experts. o The Notes and Bibliography System
which uses footnotes. This is used for
papers written in the fields of
Suppose that you were browsing through your literature, history and the arts.
social media applications and you found a very o The Author-Date System, which uses
interesting post you wish to share to your friends.
a style somewhat similar to APA, and
You saw that your friend typed ‘CTTO’ in his post
is used for papers in the fields of
and even his source did not indicate who the original
science and social science. It uses
creator was. Would it be sufficient to simply place
parenthetical citations that indicates
‘CTTO’ as well?
the name, date of publication, and
page from which the citation is taken.
Citation This module uses the Author-Date
- Citation is the act of quoting or referencing System for in-text citations and
the work of others in your own work. references.
- This is highly important in a literature review,
since you will be incorporating the things you
have learned from what you have read. 5. Turabian Style
- Citing the creator of a work recognizes their - Created by Kate L. Turabian, it is a variation
important contribution to the field you are of the Chicago Manual of Style created for
studying and it gives them due credit for high school and college students for their
their hard work. research which are not meant for journal
- Any material that you would use as reference publication.
in your research (such as books, journal
articles, websites, and videos) must be
• Various institutions recommend different citation
properly cited.
styles.
• For example, it is recommended for Pasig City
Different Referencing Style Senior High School students to use the Chicago
- There are different referencing styles that Manual of Style for research papers in public
may be used for citing the work of others in secondary schools.
your research paper. • This may not be the case for other schools and
- Prieto, Naval, and Carey (2017, 88) lists universities. Always refer to the preferred format
them and gives a short description of each: of the school you are in.

1. American Psychological Association In-Text Citations

(APA) Style - In-text citation is the method of citing the
- It is an author/date style, and places author or creator of the material or idea as
emphasis on the author and date of the well as the date of its creation or publication.
material to uniquely identify it. - It enables the reader to directly reference the
- It is currently on its 7th edition. idea or material being discussed to its
author.
- The complete details of the reference can be
2. Modern Language Association (MLA) found in the bibliography which is found at
Style the latter part of the research paper.
- It is often applied in the arts and humanities
particularly in the United States.
 CS_RS11-IIIf-j-2
LESSON 14: Citing Related Literature Using Standard Style
QUARTER 1 | S.Y. 2024-2025

resources are easily accessible and interdependence

Literature reviews contain different kinds of in- among individuals is low.
text citations. Given below are examples of in-text There is a possibility that entitlement among
citations in the Author-Date System of the CMoS individuals would be greater in cultures where
format: resources are easily accessible and interdependence
between people is low (Campbell, et al., 2004, 1).
1. By author or writer (Narrative
Citations) - Even if you are employing these methods of in-
- the researcher mentions the last name of the text citation, this does not allow you to copy
author then the year of publication with the huge blocks of text or direct quotations from the
page numbers in parentheses. If there are source.
multiple pages, write the first and last page - It is best that you paraphrase the ideas instead
numbers connected by a hyphen. of copying blocks of text.

Last Name (Year of Publication, pages)

Reference
Example: - Each in-text citation must have a matching
Jackson (2016, 2) pointed out that people detailed reference located at the research
have is conceptions about psychologists and paper’s bibliography.
psychology. - This serves as a guide for the reader to the
sources of ideas mentioned in the study.
- In the 17th edition of the Chicago Manual of
2. By topic (Parenthetical Citations)
Style, each kind of reference has its own citation
- the name of the author and year of
format.
publication are enclosed in parentheses, then
- Please note that the references are written with
followed by a comma and the page numbers.
a half-inch hanging indent from the left margin
It is located after the idea or quotation was
(the 2nd line is indented except of the first line)
mentioned.
to emphasize the author.
(Last Name Year of Publication, pages) - Take note that if the article is written by four or
more authors, list down up to ten authors.
Example:
People have misconceptions about the role
1. Books
of psychologists and the field of psychology
(Jackson 2016, 2). Surname of First Author, First Name and First Name
Surname of 2nd Author. Year of Publication.
- If a work was taken from the internet, there is Title of the Book: Subtitle of the Book. Place
no need to indicate the page number. of Publication: Publisher.
- If it is written by two authors, use and between
their surnames. Examples:
- If a work has four or more authors, et al. should Jackson, Sherri. 2016. Research Methods and
be used after the first name cited. Statistics: A Critical Thinking Approach.
- If the cited article has no date available, n.d. Boston: Cengage Learning.
should be used.
Creswell, John and J. David Creswell. 2018.
Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative,
Narcissism among college students in the United and Mixed Methods. Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
States increased between 1980 and 2006 (Twenge
and Foster 2008).
2. Research Journals
Twenge & Foster (2008) demonstrated that
narcissism among college students in the United Surname of First Author, First Name and First Name
States is on the rise after comparing data from 1980 Surname of Subsequent Author. Year of
and 2006. Publication. “Title of Journal Article.” Name
of Journal volume number, issue number
Campbell, et al. (2004) speculated that (Journal Publication Year): page numbers.
entitlement would be greater in cultures where DOI link.
 CS_RS11-IIIf-j-2
LESSON 14: Citing Related Literature Using Standard Style
QUARTER 1 | S.Y. 2024-2025

Surname, First Name (username). Year of

Publication. “[First 160 characters of the
post].” Blog Name, Date of Publication.
Examples:
Piff, Paul. 2013. “Wealth and the Inflated Self: Class,
Entitlement, and Narcissism.” Personality
and Social Psychology Bullettin 40, no. 1 Examples:
(2014): 34-43. Padillo, Marc Adrian. 2019. “PUV Modernization:
[Link] Here’s What You Need to Know”. iMoney
Learning Center, Accessed October 1, 2019.
Zemojtel-Piotrowska, Magdalena, Jaroslaw Piotroski,
Jan Cieciuch, Rachel Calogero, Alain Van
Hiel, Piergiorgio Argentero, Sergiu - If you feel stumped or clueless about collecting
Batalgescu, Tomasz Baran, Gopa Bardwahj, references for your study, you can check the
Marcin Bukowski. 2015. “Measurement of references list of other related articles.
Psychological Entitlement in 28 Countries.” - This enables you to access the material from its
European Journal of Psychological primary source, avoiding the distillation and
Assessment 33, no. 1 (2017): 207-217. watering down of ideas.
[Link]
5759/a000286

3. Newspapers and Magazines (including

online editions)

Printed:
Surname, First Name. Year of Publication. “Title of
Article” Name of Periodical, Date of Issue.

Online Editions:
Surname, First Name. Year of Publication. “Title of
Article” Name of Periodical, Date of Issue.
Website Link.

Examples:
Semuels, Alana. 2020. “No income. Major medical
bills. What life is like for millions of Americans
facing financial ruin because of the
pandemic.” Time, May 18, 2020.

Semuels, Alana. 2020. “No income. Major medical

bills. What life is like for millions of Americans
facing financial ruin because of the
pandemic.” Time, May 18, 2020.
[Link]
unemployment-coronavirus/

4. Websites, Blog Posts, and Blog

Comments

Website:
Surname, First Name. Year of Publication. “Title of
Article” Accessed [Date of Access]. Website
Link.

Blogs: