SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE FOR SALTANALYSIS NBZ-31
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1 Colour a) Blue May be Copper
b) Light Green May be Ferrous
c) Pale Pink May be Manganous
d) Green May be Nickel
e) White Cu2*,Mn,Fe?*
Ni?* are absent
2 Physical State a) Crystalline
b) Amorphous
3 Action of Heat: A small a) White sublimation May be Ammonium
quantity of salt is heated b) White when cold May be Zinc
gently in adry test tube and yelow while hot
c) Blue coloured salt May be Copper
becomes colourless
d) Reddish brown vapoursMay be Nitrate
e) No reaction Ammonium, Zinc,
Copper &Nitrate
are absent
4 Flame Test: Take a smalla) BIluish Green Copper
quantity of solid salt into a b) Brick Red Calcium
watch glass and add a c) Grassy Green Barium
few drops of Conc.HCI to d) Crimson Red Strontium
itand prepare a paste. e) Green Flashes Zinc
Introduce this paste into
the blue flame with
platinum wire. Observe
the colur of flame.
Identification of Anions
S.No Exporimont Observation Inforonco
Action of Dil.HCI: A a) Colourless gases evolved May be Carbonate
small amount of salt is with brisk effervescence
treated with Dil, HCI b) Colourless gases evolved | May be Acetate
(warm if necessary) with vinegar smell
c) No Gases Carbonate & 1
Acetate are absent
2 Action of Conc. H,SO4:a) Colourless gases evolved May be Chloricle
Asmall amount of salt is with pungent smell.
treated with Conc. These gases produce
H2SO4 more dense fumes
with a glass rod dipped in
NH OH when placed at
the mouth of the test
tube.
b) Reddish brown vapourS May be Bromide
evolved
c) No Gases evolved Chloride and
Bromide are absent
3 Action of Conc. H2SO4 a) Reddish brown vapours May be Nitrate
(Hot): A smallamount of evolved with pungent
salt is treated with Conc. smell
H,S0,and hcated b) Nogases Nitrate is absent
gently.
4 Action of BaCl2 A
white PPT is formed Sulphate is
Solution: To a little which is insoluble in confirmed
amount of salt add Conc.HCI.
BaCl2 Solution
Confirmation Tests for Anions NBZ-31
Inference
Observation
S.No Experiment
1 Test For Carbonate White PPT is formed.
Carbonate is
Action of BaClz Solution:
To a little amount of salt
It is soluble in Dil.acids confryed
add BaCl2 Solution
2 Test For Acetate Acetate is
Esterification: Take a Fruity smell is observed onfirmed
small quantityof salt,add
ethylalcohol and
Conc.H2SQ4. heat the
content and pour into a
beaker containing water
3 Test For Chloride &
Bromide: Chloride is
(i) Action of MnO2 and a) Greenish yellow gas is confirmed
Conc.H2SO4: Small evolved with pungent
amount of salt is taken in smell Bromide is
a test tube add MnO2 and b) Reddish brown gas is confirmed
evolved with pungent
Conc. HzSO4 and heat the
solution smell
Ciicride is
(i)Action of AgNO;: To aj Curdy wiite PPT is Confirmed
formed.It is completely
alittle amount of salt add soluble in NH4OH.
Dil. HNO3 and AgNO3 Bromide is
b) Pale yellow PPT is confirmed
formed. It is sparingly
soluble in NH¡OH
4 Test For Nitrate Nitrate is
Reddish brown Vapours
(i) Action of Copper evolved with pungent smell Confirmed
turnings and Conc.
H,SO4: Small amount of and the solution turned in to
salt is taken in a test tube blue.
add Copper turnings,
Conc. HSO4 and heated
gently
(ü) Brown- Ring test: To Abrown ring is formed at the | Nitrate. is
junction of two layers confirmed
the salt add dil.H2SO4,
freshly prepared FeSO4.
add Conc. HzSO4slowly
along the inner sides of
the test tube.
ldentification of Cations
Group Separation Table q
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1 To the Salt Solution add 1) White PPT May be | Group
dil. HCI
2) No PPT TGroup is absernt
2 To the Salt Solution add 1) Black PPT May be Il Group
dil.HCl and pass H2S gas
2) No PPT Ii|Group is absent
3 To the Salt Solution add 1) White PPT. May be Aluminum
NH Cl and NHOH
2) Light Green PPT May be Ferrous
4 To the Salt Solution add 1) White PPT May be Zinc
NH CI, NH OH and pass
H2S gas 2) Flesh Colour PPT May be Manganous
3) Black PPT May be Nickel
4) No PPT IV Group is absent
Tothe Salt Solution add 1) White PPT May be Barium or
AC!. NHACI& Galcium or Strontium
(NH)2COs 2) No PPT Barium, Calcium &
Strontiurmare absent
The Original Solution is
tested for Ammonium and
Magnessium
Test for Ammonium
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1 To the salt add NaOH Colourless gases evolved May be
solution and heat gently. with ammonia smell, which Ammonium
gives more dense fumes
when a glass rod is dipped in
Conc.HCI is exposed
2 To the salt NaOH and Brown PPT is formed. Ammonium is
Nessler's reagent. confirmed
Confirmation Tests for Cations NBZ 31
S.No Observation Inference
Experiment
1 LGroup
To the salt solution add Yellow PPT is formed which Lead is
potassium chromate is soluble in NaOH confirmed
solution
II Group
To the salt solution add A
chocolate brown colour Copper is
confirmed
potassium ferrocyanide PPT is formed
3 II Group
To the salt solution add a) Dirty green PPT isformed Ferrous is
b)A white gelatinous PPT is confirmed
NH4OH solution Aluminum is
formed
Confirmed
4 IV Group Zinc is confirmec
1) To the salt solution a) White gelatinous PPT is
add NaOH solution formed. It is soluble in
excess of NaOH
b) White PPT turning to Manganous is
brown is formed. It is soluble confirmed
in excess of NaOH
Nickel is
2) To the salt solution Abright red rose coloured
PPT is formed Confirmed
add NH4OH and a
few drops oi
dimethylglyoxime
5 V Group
1) To the salt solution Yellow PPT is formed Barium is
add Potassium Confirmed
chromate solution
White PPT is formed which is Calcium is
2) To the salt solution
add Ammonium insoluble in acetic acid confirned X
Oxalate solution
Strontium is
3) To the salt solutionWhite PPT is formed confirmed V
add Ammonium
Sulphate solution.
VI Group (Magnessium)
To the salt solution add White PPT is formed Magnessium is
confirmed
Ammonium carbonate
solutioni
Report Anion sontium chlou
Cation
Given Salt Nick Nitat
