C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 1 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
2 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

CONTENTS

1. GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. Drilling joystick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4. VALVE BLOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1. Percussion and feed control block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1.1. Feed directional valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2. Feed pressure fine tuning valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.3. Rotation control valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4. Rotation speed adjustment block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.5. Threading valve block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.6. Hydraulic oil warm--up valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.7. Anti-- jamming valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.8. RockPilot block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.9. Percussion pressure compensator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.10. Torque sensing valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.11. Feed cylinder overcenter valve and sequence valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.12. Feed motor valve block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.13. Cooler pump pressure relief valve and sequence valve . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.14. Dust collector pressure relief valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5. COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6. COMPONENTS WITH CHAIN FEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7. OPERATION OF SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.1. Hydraulic oil preheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.2. Free circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.3. Collaring and drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.4. Drilling in overburden / cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.5. Drilling, torque sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.6. Drilling, anti--jamming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
7.7. Fast feed drilling forwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
7.8. Rattling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
8. ADJUSTMENTS OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
8.1. Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
8.2. Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (50) . . . . . . . . . . . 55
8.3. Adjustment of pilot control valve (43) control pressures . . . . . . . . . 56

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 3 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.4. Adjusting rotation valve pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

8.4.1. Adjusting rotation pressure relief valve (55) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8.4.2. Adjustments of rotation pressure relief valves (60) and (61) . . . . . . . . 58
8.5. Basic settings for drilling parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
8.6. Controlling the behavior of the RockPilot drilling control system
during drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
8.7. Feed pressure fine tuning valve (20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
8.8. Adjustment of maximum pressure for forward feed (valve 29) . . . . 69
8.9. Adjustment of maximum pressure for reverse feed (valve 30) . . . . 70
8.10. Adjusting fast feed maximum speed backwards/forwards . . . . . . . . 71
8.11. Adjusting maximum feed pilot pressure (valve 39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
8.12. Adjusting rock drill rotation speed (valve 59) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
8.13. Adjusting feed-- and rotation speed for threading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.14. Adjusting feed cylinder overcenter valve (248) and sequence
valve (249) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
8.15. Adjusting feed motor overcenter valve (31) and 3/2 directional
valve (47) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
8.16. Adjusting cooler pump (90) pressure relief valve (91) and
sequence valve (266) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
8.17. Checking the pressure relief valve (84) of dust collector . . . . . . . . . 79
8.18. Adjusting of the percussion pressure switch (12) and rotation
pressure switch (66) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9. HYDRAULIC OIL FILTRATION SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
10. OIL COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
11. FACTORY SETTINGS AND MEASURING POINTS OF PRESSURES . . . . . . 84

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
4 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

1. GENERAL
These instructions describe the testing and adjusting procedures of the THC Rock Pilot
drilling hydraulics Pantera as well as the operating principle of the system.
To clarify the operating principle, different situations are illustrated with a flowchart using
colors to support the description.

The function of rock drill stabilizer is not described in these instructions.

CAUTION

See also hydraulic flowchart of the rig in question. The charts may vary
slightly in different versions.
CAUTION

Tamrock Service is always ready to provide help and advice in all service problems.

2. SAFETY
Service and adjustments are only allowed to persons with specialized
training in servicing the equipment in question. Read the adjusting
instructions for the drilling control block before making any
WARNING
adjustments to it.

ABSOLUTE CLEANLINESS MUST BE OBSERVED WHEN DISMANTLING

AND ASSEMBLING HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT. Use pressurized air to
blow all parts clean, and wipe them with CLEAN non-- fluffy cloth before
CAUTION
assembling.

Pressurized hydraulic hoses should not be touched. Unnoticeable

hairline cracks in hoses may let out high--pressure sprays of oil that can
penetrate the skin.
WARNING

The oil circulating in the hydraulic system is hot. Contact with the skin
can cause severe burns.

WARNING

Take care of used oils according to your local regulations.

CAUTION

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 5 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

3. CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS

Percussion Rotation Feed Flushing

pressure pressure pressure pressure
gauge gauge gauge gauge
Drilling
joystick

Threading Feed pressure

control lever fine tuning valve

Rotation speed
adjusting valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

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Tel. +358 205 44 121
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6 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

S23
H42

feed--percussion
follow--up on

forced flushing if
S18 is on

blow--down
automatics, if dust
collector (S46) is on,
max. flushing
S18
blow--down
automatics off and
flushing off

S24 blow--down
anti--jamming automatics, if dust
automatics on collector (S46) is on,
(rotation pressure) half flushing

anti--jamming automatics off

S17
Flushing control
H17 automatics on

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 7 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

S6

S6
H41

hydraulic oil heating

indicator light goes on

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
8 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

3.1. Drilling joystick

The drilling joystick controls all the functions needed in drilling. All functions are
hydraulically controlled by the control pressure from the joystick. The control pressure
value changes with the joystick movements so that the pressure increases as the
inclination angle of the stick increases.
The electric switches on the stick are used for steering the control pressure in a desired
way, or affect the locking of the stick by releasing the locking electromagnets.

Push button 1 (S21), fast feed

Push button 2 (S22), maximum percussion pressure

Push button 3 (S19), percussion off / on

Push button 4 (S20), release of joystick locking

3
4
P

2
T
1

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 9 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4. VALVE BLOCKS

C E

34 316

A Percussion valve block B Feed valve

C Rotation valve D Threading valve block
E Oil heating valve block F RockPilot block
2. Percussion pressure compensator
34. Anti--jamming valve 316. Torque sensing valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
10 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

24

25
D

C 23

27

29
30
22

26

38
36
62
35 37

7
242 19 4 5
8

10
6 15

18

43

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 11 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.1. Percussion and feed control block

18 15 8 62 7 3 4 38
36
M11
M7
M3

5
M8
23
M4

M9 M2

M6
242
(8Nm)
M10 M1

10 35 19 43 37

3. Percussion main valve (34Nm) 18. Shuttle valve (34Nm)

4. Percussion selector valve (34Nm) 19. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
5. Flow control plug (34Nm) 23. Feed directional valve
6. Plug (34Nm) 35. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
7. Percussion max. pressure relief valve 36. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
(34Nm)
8. Plug (34Nm) 37. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
10. Shuttle valve (34Nm) 38. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
15. Rattling selector valve (34Nm, coil 7Nm) 43. Pressure regulator for pilot
control circuit (34Nm)
62. Fast rotation control valve
(34Nm, coil 7Nm)
242. Percussion bypass valve
(34Nm, coil 7Nm)

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
12 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

Percussion and feed control block ports

X4 X13
X1 X8 X3 LS2

M12
T
M5

P3 LS1
M13
X7
X10 P4
X2

P1 D1
P2
X5
X9 X6 X20

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 13 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.1.1. Feed directional valve

24 30
D B

A
C

25

29

24
22, 23
25
D

C 23

27

29
30
22

26

22. Pressure compensator (inside main spool block)

23. Main spool (inside main spool block)
24. Pressure relief / suction valve
25. Pressure relief / suction valve
26. Shuttle valve
27. Shuttle valve
29. Pressure relief valve LSA for port A
30. Pressure relief valve LSB for port B
E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
[Link] 100
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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
14 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.2. Feed pressure fine tuning valve

20

X
32

T2 T1

20

32

T1 T2 P

20. Feed pressure fine tuning valve (34Nm)

32. Tank line control valve (34Nm)

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 15 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.3. Rotation control valve

LX 61
B
D
A
T 60

55

LS

A B
52, 53
C 53
M
D

M 56 60 61
55
52
LS
LX

T P

52. Pressure compensator (inside main spool block)

53. Main spool (inside main spool block)
55. Pressure relief valve
56. Pressure relief valve
60. Pressure relief valve LSA for port A
61. Pressure relief valve LSB for port B
E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
16 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.4. Rotation speed adjustment block

59

T2 42
X6
X4 41
X5
X8

58

40
39
X3
X7
X1 T1
X2 X9
T1 T2 X8 X6 X5 X4

42
39

58

59
40 41 X9

X3 X7 X2 X1

39. Feed pilot pressure relief valve (34Nm) (fully closed)

40. Directional valve for pilot control circuit (34Nm, coil 7Nm)
41. Directional valve for pilot control circuit (34Nm, coil 7Nm)
42. Shuttle valve (34Nm)
58. Fast rotation selection valve (34Nm, coil 7Nm)
59. Rotation speed adjusting valve (34Nm)

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 17 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.5. Threading valve block

94 95 241 133

T T

P
P

92 orifice ø 2,5mm
240
93

57

92 93 57 240

241 133
2,5
94 95

57. Anti--jamming bypass valve

92. Threading selector valve (feed)
93. Threading selector valve (rotation)
94. Adjusting valve of threading feed speed
95. Adjusting valve of threading rotation speed
133. Tramming selector valve
240. Flushing control
241. Emergency stop

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
18 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.6. Hydraulic oil warm--up valve

206

LS LS
T
B
A
218
P

218 209 209

A
B

T
206
P

206. Directional valve

209. Pressure relief valve
218. Shuttle valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 19 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.7. Anti--jamming valve

X2
X1
strainer
orifice ø 1.0mm
T
A
B
X1
P
65

X2
orifice 70

34

70

34. Anti--jamming valve

70. Orifice

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
20 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.8. RockPilot block

313 (port M1
40 mm deep)

302
314 (port X4
45 mm deep)

310
311
312
305

301
304
315
306
303

301. Feed restrictor, feed max. speed downwards

302. Directional valve, fast feed movement
303. Percussion minimum pressure / follow--up valve
304. Feed pressure basic setting valve
305. Directional valve
306. Check valve
310. Shuttle valve
311. Shuttle valve
312. Shuttle valve
313. Orifice (port M1 40 mm deep)
314. Orifice (port X4 45 mm deep)
315. Pilot operated check valve
E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 21 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.9. Percussion pressure compensator

2

2. Percussion pressure compensator

9. Restrictor

4.10. Torque sensing valve

316

316. Torque sensing valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
22 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.11. Feed cylinder overcenter valve and sequence valve

The rig is equipped with either cylinder-- or chain feed.

248

M1 M2

V1 V2

249

C1 C2

248

M1 M2

249

V1 V2

248. Overcenter valve

249. Sequence valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 23 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.12. Feed motor valve block

The rig is equipped with either cylinder-- or chain feed.
47
BR
31

DR
44 49

48

A
28
45

45
28

47
48

31
49
44

28. Hydraulic motor

31. Overcenter valve
44. Shuttle valve
45. Brake
47. 3/2 Directional valve
48. 2/2 Directional valve
49. Check valve
E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
24 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

4.13. Cooler pump pressure relief valve and sequence valve

91 1 2
P T 266

3
P

266
M
91
P
3
2
P

T 1

91. Pressure relief valve

266. Sequence valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 25 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4.14. Dust collector pressure relief valve

82 81

83, 84 82

M
81

84

83
A D B
80

81. Selector valve

82. Dust collector motor
83. Check valve
84. Pressure relief valve

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

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FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
26 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

[Link] 100
FIN--33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 27 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

5. COMPONENTS

1. Variable displacement pump output for percussion, feed, and tramming

2. Percussion pressure maintains percussion pressure in the set
compensator value despite variations in input pressure
3. Percussion main valve controls oil flow to rock drill, controlled by
percussion selector valve 4
4. Percussion selector valve controls percussion main valve 3 opening
and closing it
5. Flow control plug controls percussion LS --oil
6. Plug
7. Percussion max. pressure relief determines max. pressure level for
valve percussion
8. Plug
9. Restrictor restricts oil flow in percussion LS --line
10. Shuttle valve directs percussion or feed LS signal to
variable displacement pump
11. Percussion pressure gauge
12. Pressure switch 1. percussion hour meter on / off
2. flushing automatics / dust collector
cleaning on / off
3. drilling joystick locking on / off
4. enables operation of anti--jamming
automatics (valve 57)
5. enables operation of flushing control
automatics (valve 240)
6. TIM 2000 depth measuring on / off
7. Controls shank lubrication unit SLU
13. Percussion mechanism
14. Pilot control valve for rotation valve controls rotation and percussion
and percussion
15. Selection valve selects feed--percussion follow up / full
percussion
16. Pilot control valve for feed valve controls feed movement downwards
17. Pilot control valve for rattling controls thread loosening operation
18. Shuttle valve controls pilot contol pressure
19. Shuttle valve controls pilot contol pressure
20. Feed pressure fine tuning valve controls feed downwards pressure
21. Feed pressure gauge
22. Feed line pressure compensator maintains feed pressure in the set value
despite variations in input pressure
E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant
[Link] 100
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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
28 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

E 2005 SANDVIK TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant

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Tel. +358 205 44 121
Telefax +358 205 44 120
 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 29 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

23. Feed line pressure compensator maintains feed pressure in the set value
despite variations in input pressure
24. Feed directional valve directs oil flow to feed functions
25. Max. pressure relief valve for feed
line B
26. Max. pressure relief valve for feed
line A
27. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
28. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
28. Feed cylinder
29. Feed pressure relief valve LSA for controls maximum feed pressure for
port A downward movement
30. Feed pressure relief valve LSB for controls maximum value for upward feed
port B force
32. Control valve for tank line of feed directs tank line of valve 20
pressure fine tuning valve 20
33. Pilot control valve for upward feed controls feed movement upwards
34. Anti--jamming valve controls feed direction in anti--jamming
operation
35. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
36. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
37. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
38. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
39. Pressure relief valve for feed pilot defines max. feed speed, with RockPilot
control circuit fully closed
40. Directional valve for pilot control cuts the oil flow to the valve (39)
circuit
41. Directional valve for pilot control controls the valve (32) and cuts the oil flow
circuit to the valve (39)
42. Shuttle valve controls pilot control pressure
43. Pressure regulator for pilot control reduces pressure to pilot control levers for
circuit drilling and tramming
50. Variable displacement pump output to rotation, cassette, winch, boom
and oscillation
51. Rotation pressure gauge
52. Pressure compensator maintains constant rotation speed
irrespective of input pressure
53. Directional valve for rotation directs oil flow to rotation motor 54
54. Rotation mechanism
55. Pressure relief valve for rotation adjusts pilot control pressure of pressure
line relief valve (56)
56. Pressure relief valve controlled by valve (55), opens to let main
flow from pump to tank line

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

57. Anti--jamming bypass valve anti--jamming on/off

58. Fast rotation valve cuts the oil flow to the valve (59)
59. Rotation speed regulating valve regulates pilot control pressure
60. Rotation pressure relief valve for restricts rotation max. pressure in thread
port A opening direction
61. Rotation pressure relief valve for restricts rotation max. pressure in thread
port B closing direction
62. Fast rotation selector valve opening pilot control line from valve (17) to
valve (53) when the button (1) on the
drilling joystick is depressed
66. Pressure switch enables SLU operation
70. Orifice momentarily controls feed speed forwards
after retract movement (anti--jamming)
80. Gear pump output to dust collector
81. Dust collector selector valve turns dust collector on and off
82. Dust collector motor drives dust collector fan
83. Check valve opens a connection between the motor
pressure-- and return lines when the oil flow
to the motor is prevented
84. Pressure relief valve for dust
collector
90. Gear pump output to oil cooler and Pito--centralizer
91. Cooling circuit pressure relief
valve
92. Selector valve for threading (feed) directs pilot control pressure to feed
directional valve (23)
93. Selector valve for threading directs pilot control pressure to rotation
(rotation) directional valve (53)
94. Pressure regulator for threading sets pilot control pressure to feed
(feed) directional valve (23)
95. Pressure regulator for threading sets pilot control pressure to rotation
(rotation) directional valve (53)
110 Hydraulic oil tank
111 Hydraulic oil temperature gauge
112 Pressure filter filters output oil from variable displacement
pump (1)
113 Return oil filter filters oil flowing returning to the tank
114 Hydraulic oil cooler cools down hydraulic oil
115 Collector tube collects return oils
116 One--way restrictor regulates the amount of oil flowing to the
cooler motor
117 Thermostats direct oil flow either to cooler or tank

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

118 Pressure switch at return oil filter indicates when the return pressure exceeds
the alarm limit
119 Leakage line connectors for connecting leakage lines of hydraulic
motors
120 Cooler motor for compressor and
hydraulic oil
121 Return line pressure gauge
133 Selector valve for tramming selects tramming / tramming by remote
control
206 Directional valve oil heating on / off -- pump (50) constant
pressurization
209 Pressure relief valve oil heating
218 Shuttle valve controls the LS--signal
240 Flushing control activates valve (34) controlled by flushing
line venturi
241 Emergency stop prevents pilot control pressure to drilling
joystick
242 Selector valve percussion on / off with the push button (3)
on the joystick
248 Overcenter valve controls return oil from feed cylinder piston
rod side
249 Sequence valve ensures that the rock drill stays up
266 Sequence valve maintains Pito--centralizer minimum
pressure
276 Directional valve by--pass for cooler pump during diesel
engine start
301 Feed restrictor adjusts feed max. speed downwards during
drilling
302 Directional valve allows fast feed movement
303 Percussion minimum pressure / controls percussion pressure
follow--up valve
304 Feed pressure basic setting valve controls feed downwards pressure together
with valve 20
305 Directional valve controls LS--oil
306 Check valve controls LS--oil
310 Shuttle valve controls LS--oil
311 Shuttle valve controls LS--oil
312 Shuttle valve controls LS--oil
313 Orifice controls LS--oil
314 Orifice controls LS--oil
315 Pilot operated check valve directs feed oil to tank during fast feed
upwards
316 Torque sensing valve adjusts feed pressure according to rotation
torque

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

6. COMPONENTS WITH CHAIN FEED

28 Hydraulic motor
31 Overcenter valve ensures smooth feed movement upwards
44 Shuttle valve controls brake releasing pressure
45 Brake
47 3/2 Directional valve controls brake releasing pressure to the
tank when feed movement is off
48 2/2 Directional valve ensures smooth feed movement
downwards
49 Check valve allows oil flow to bypass valve 48 when
feed upwards is on

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7. OPERATION OF SYSTEM
COLOUR CODES IN HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

SOLID DARK RED LINE feed pressure

-- DASHED LINE control circuit in feed circuit
SOLID LIGHT RED LINE feed actuator pressure
SOLID VIOLET LINE feed reference pressure
SOLID BLUE LINE percussion circuit
-- DASHED LINE control circuit in percussion circuit
SOLID GREEN LINE rotation circuit
-- DASHED LINE control circuit in rotation circuit
SOLID ORANGE LINE pilot control circuit

7.1. Hydraulic oil preheating

Oil preheating is used before starting to drill in cold operating environment. It raises the
oil temperature high enough to avoid problems caused by cold oil. Drilling is not allowed
until oil viscosity is 1000 cSt or lower (ref. oil recommensation).
When the switch (S6) in the cabin is turned on, the coil a of the directional valve (206)
becomes activated. The oil produced by the rotation pump (50) flows now through the
pressure relief valve (209) into the tank.
LS signal is directed through the shuttle valve (218) to the regulator of the pump (50).

7.2. Free circulation

Free circulation means a situation where the variable displacement pumps (1) and (50)
have minimum output and maintain a 25 bar free circulation pressure. None of the
functions using their output is in operation.
The output oil from the pump (80) flows through the dust collector motor (82) or the dust
collector selector valve (81) into the tank.
The output oil from the side pump (90) flows through the cooler motor (120) into the tank.

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7.3. Collaring and drilling

Collaring is started by turning the drilling joystick to the left, the rotation pilot control valve
(14) at the drilling joystick opens.
When the control pressure supplied by the valve (14) reaches 9 bar, the percussion
selector valve (4) opens the control line of percussion main valve (3) to the receiver; valve
(3) opens and percussion starts.
At the same time rotation pilot pressure from valve (14) goes to the pilot port C of rotation
main valve (53) and rotation starts.
Rotation pressure depends on the resisting torque of drill bit and rotation speed depends
on the setting of rotation speed adjusting valve (59).
Rotation pilot pressure activates also pressure switches (12) and (66) and therefore
following functions are started or activated:
1. Percussion hour meter
2. Flushing automatics / dust collector filter cleaning
3. Drilling joystick locking
4. Operation of anti--jamming automatics (valve 57)
5. Operation of (optional) flushing control automatics (valve 240)
6. TIM 2000 depth measuring (option)
7. Rock drill shank lubrication unit SLU
Percussion pressure sets to the minimum value which is adjusted by percussion minimum
pressure/follow--up valve (303).
Feed downwards is started by turning drilling joy--stick slowly forwards. The feed pilot
control valve (16) at the drilling joystick opens and directs pilot pressure through valves
(240), (34) and shuttle valve (36) to the port C of the feed directional valve (23).
Feed speed can be adjusted steplessly by drilling joy--stick from 0 m/min to the maximum
feed speed (typically 3--5 m/min). This maximum speed is determined by the feed
restrictor (301).
During collaring (low feed speed) feed pressure stays at low level hence percussion
pressure is at minimum level.
Percussion pressure starts to increase by feed--percussion follow up function when feed
actuator pressure increases higher than the setting value of feed pressure fine tuning
valve (20) (typically 20--40 bar).
After collaring drilling joystick is pushed and locked to 11 o’clock position. Feed pressure
before the feed restrictor (301) increases to the maximum value, which is a sum of
settings of feed pressure basic setting valve (304) and feed pressure fine tuning valve
(20).
Feed pressure after the feed restrictor (301) (= feed actuator pressure) is depending on
actual penetration rate (= feed speed). The higher the penetration rate is, the lower is the
feed actuator pressure.
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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

Percussion pressure during drilling is controlled by valve (303) depending on feed

actuator pressure. Valve (303) has a ratio (depending of feed actuator type (cylinder/chain
feed) and drifter type; ratio is either 1,5:1 , 2,0:1 or 2,5:1) which means that change at feed
actuator pressure changes percussion pressure multiplied by the ratio (e.g. (ratio 2,0:1) if
feed actuator pressure drops 20 bar due to increased penetration rate, percussion
pressure decreases 40 bar).
At low penetration rate (drilling in hard rock) feed actuator pressure is close to the
maximum level thus valve (303) increases percussion pressure to a high value.
Percussion maximum pressure can be limited by the percussion maximum pressure relief
valve (7).
When rock gets softer, penetration rate increases, feed actuator pressure and therefore
also percussion pressure decreases. In cavities and overburden penetration rate can go
up to the maximum and then feed actuator pressure is low. In this case valve (303) keeps
percussion pressure at minimum level (= the setting value of valve (303)).
Oil for percussion is taken from piston pump (1). Oil flows through percussion main valve
(3) and percussion pressure compensator (2) to the percussion mechanism (13) and
further to the oil receiver.
Pressure to percussion LS--circuit is taken from the port G of the percussion pressure
compensator (2). Oil flows through the orifice (9) to the drilling control block port M12 and
further through the selection valve (15) and drilling control block port M13 to the RockPilot
block port X3 and finally to the percussion minimum pressure/follow--up valve (303).
LS--pressure goes also from drilling control block port M12 through valve (5) and shuttle
valves (10) and (18) to port LS1 and further to the pump (1) regulator. When only
percussion is on, percussion LS--signal increases to the setting value of valve (303) and
therefore percussion pressure sets to the minimum value.
Normally percussion pressure compensator (2) is fully open and it has no influence to
percussion pressure.
Only in case when pump (1) pressure level during drilling is controlled by feed function
(e.g. drilling with high penetration rate as in soft rock or cavity feed actuator pressure goes
to minimum and therefore percussion pressure is set to minimum value by valve (303);
percussion pressure compensator (2) reduces percussion pressure to desired value. This
happens only if percussion minimum pressure (= setting value of valve 303) is lower than
feed maximum pressure (= sum of setting values of valves (304) and (20).
Oil for feed function is taken also from the piston pump (1). Oil flows from the pump to the
drilling control block port P1, through the feed pressure compensator (22), the feed main
valve (23) port A to the RockPilot block port A1 and further through the feed restrictor
(301) to port A2, to the feed cylinder valve block port V1 and from feed cylinder valve block
port C1 finally to the feed cylinder (28) A--port (piston side).

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Feed pressure starts to increase and when pressure reaches the setting value of feed
counterbalance valve (248), valve opens and oil from the feed cylinder (28) piston rod side
starts to flow to the feed cylinder valve block port C2 and through counterbalance valve
(248) to piston side (= differential connection). Feed pressure, which is directed to the feed
sequence valve (249) spring chamber keeps valve (249) closed.
During drilling feed by--pass valve (302) secures that all oil to feed actuator is going
through feed restrictor (301). On the other hand valve (302) allows feed return oil to pass
feed restrictor (301) during anti--jamming feed retract movement.
Pressure to the feed LS--circuit is taken from the feed main spool (23). Oil flows through
the main spool orifice to the shuttle valves (27), (26), (10) and (18) and further to the
regulator of the piston pump (1). LS--pressure goes also to the spring chamber of feed
pressure compensator (22).
If percussion LS--pressure is higher than feed LS--pressure, shuttle valve (10) selects the
percussion pressure to control the pump (1). In this case feed pressure compensator (22)
reduces feed maximum pressure level to adjusted value.
Feed LS--pressure is directed also through the feed main valve (23) LSa-- port to RockPilot
block port X1.
From there LS--pressure goes through shuttle valve (312) and feed basic setting valve
(304) to port X2 and further to the feed fine tuning valve (20) port P and through selection
valve (32) to the tank.
Feed LS--pressure increases up to the value, which is a sum of the settings of valves (304)
and (20). The maximum feed forwards pressure is limited by the LSa--pressure relief valve
(29).
Feed actuator pressure from RockPilot block port A2 is taken via shuttle valve (310) to the
pilot port of percussion minimum pressure/follow--up valve (303). Feed actuator pressure
can be seen also on the cabin pressure gauge (21).
Feed pressure before restrictor (301) is taken to orifice (313), this orifice is limiting the oil
flow to the percussion minimum pressure/follow up--valve (303) reference port.
Oil flows through orifice (313) and shuttle valve (311) to valve (303) reference port.
Pressure in this port starts to increase until it is at the setting value of feed pressure fine
tuning valve (20).
When this ‘reference pressure’ in reached, oil coming through orifice (313) starts to flow
through check valve (306) and selection valve (305) to valve (20) and finally through valve
(32) to tank.
This reference pressure determines the feed actuator pressure when percussion is
switching from ‘minimum percussion pressure’ to ‘follow--up’ mode.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7.4. Drilling in overburden / cavity

When drilling in overburden or in cavity, penetration rate (feed speed) can increase up to
the maximum (the setting value of feed restrictor (301)). In this case feed actuator
pressure is low (=the setting value of feed counterbalance valve (248) ) and therefore
percussion pressure is forced to minimum value by valve (303).
Feed pressure before feed restrictor (301) is still at maximum value (=sum of settings of
valves (304) and (20)). If feed maximum pressure is higher than percussion minimum
pressure value, feed pressure starts to control the piston pump (1) pressure level.
In this case pump (1) output pressure sets to feed forwards maximum value and
percussion pressure level is controlled by percussion pressure compensator (2).
Normally percussion is controlling the piston pump (1) pressure level and percussion
pressure compensator has almost no influence to percussion pressure (pump (1)
pressure level is ‘the same’ as actual percussion pressure).

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7.5. Drilling, torque sensing

During drilling rock drill rotation pressure information goes through anti--jamming
selection valve (57) to the pilot port X1 of the anti--jamming valve (34) and to the port 3 of
the torque sensing valve (316).
From the rock drill rotation return line a hose is connected to the port X2 of the
anti--jamming valve (34) and to the torque sensing valve (316) port 4, from port 4 there is
an internal connection to the valve spring chamber. This means that rotation speed
changes as well as oil viscosity variations (variations in rotation return pressure) have
almost no influence to the settings of the anti--jamming valve (34) and the torque sensing
valve (316).
Torque sensing valve (316) is typically adjusted to react at about 10 bar higher rotation
pressure than usually appears and anti--jamming valve (34) reacting value (= when
retrack movement starts) is typically 10--30 bar higher than the setting value of the torque
sensing valve (316).
When rotation pressure starts to increase from the ‘typical’ value due to changes in rock
conditions, the torque sensing valve (316) spool starts to open proportionally and it
relieves the feed forwards pressure by controlling the oil flow from feed actuator line to the
tank. At the same time also the anti--jamming valve (34) main spool starts to move and this
has a decreasing influence to the feed forwards pilot pressure. This means that oil flow to
the feed actuator is limited by closing the main spool (23) of the feed valve. This action is
also decreasing the feed pressure.
Simultaneously percussion pressure drops because of follow up--function. This action
usually stops the increasing of rotation torque, drilling continues but with reduced power
(lower feed and percussion pressures).
When broken rock is penetrated, rotation pressure returns to ‘typical’ value, pressure in
port 3 of the torque sensing valve (316) and port X1 in anti--jamming valve (34) drops,
valve (316) closes, valve (34) main spool goes to basic position and therefore feed and
percussion pressures will increase back to normal values.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7.6. Drilling, anti--jamming

In case that torque sensing system can’t stabilize rotation torque and it continues to
increase, anti--jamming automatics will react.
Rock drill rotation pressure is directed through anti--jamming selector valve (57) to the
port X1 of the anti--jamming valve (34).
When rotation pressure exceeds the setting value of anti--jamming valve (34) (the rotation
pressure value when feed reverse movement is started), main spool of valve (34)
changes fully its position and feed pilot pressure from port P is directed to port A and
further via the shuttle valve to the drilling control block port X7 and further through the
shuttle valve (38) and port X10 to feed directional valve (23) port C.
Feed directional valve (23) main spool changes position and feed backwards is activated.
Because feed pilot pressure relief valve (39) is fully closed, feed directional valve (23) gets
maximum pilot pressure and therefore reverse movement is done with rapid feed speed.
Oil from the feed main directional valve (23) B--port flows to the feed cylinder valve block
port V2, through sequence valve (249) check valve and further from port C2 and feed
cylinder (28) port B to cylinder piston rod chamber.
Oil from the cylinder piston side flows through valve block ports C1 and V1 to the RockPilot
block port A2.
Part of the oil flows through the check valve of directional valve (302) and further from port
A1 to feed directional valve (23) port A and to tank.
The rest of the oil which is coming from the feed cylinder (28) piston side to the RockPilot
block is directed through the pilot operated check valve (315) to tank.
Pilot operated check valve (315) is opened by pressure which is taken from the feed
directional valve LSb--port to the RockPilot block port X4.
This ‘feed backwards’ pressure is also directed through shuttle valve (310) to the pilot port
of percussion minimum pressure/follow--up valve (303).
Oil coming to RockPilot block port X4 is also going through ø 0,6 mm orifice (314). This
small volume is going further through shuttle valve (312), feed pressure basic setting valve
(304) to feed pressure fine tuning valve (20) and finally through valve (32) to tank.
Check valve (306) prevents oil to flow to feed forwards line (=tank). The pressure after the
orifice (314) is going to the reference port of percussion minimum pressure/follow--up
valve (303).
The value of this reference pressure is the sum of settings of valves (304) and (20) (= feed
forwards maximum pressure).
This means that feed backwards pressure must increase higher than ‘feed forwards
maximum pressure’ (=sum of settings of valves (304) and (20) ) before percussion
pressure starts to increase from the minimum value by the follow--up valve (303).

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After the feed backwards pressure has reached this value, percussion pressure is
increasing by follow--up function until percussion maximum pressure relief valve (7) limits
the maximum value.
Feed backwards pressure can in some cases go higher than percussion pressure
because percussion pressure compensator does not allow percussion pressure to go
higher than the setting value of valve (7) (depending on the setting values of valves (7) and
(30)).
When the rotation pressure reduces lower than the setting of valves (316) and (34), the
torque sensing valve (316) spool closes and the position of the anti--jamming valve (34)
spool changes to feed forwards position. Feed forwards starts momentarily with reduced
feed speed.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7.7. Fast feed drilling forwards

Every now and then the hole must be cleaned after drilling. Usually it is done by using
flushing, rotation and feed. In some cases also percussion is needed to clean the hole.
If hole cleaning downwards (feed forwards is on) is made without depressing rapid feed
button S21 in drilling joy--stick, drilling control system works the same way as described at
chapter ‘ Collaring and drilling’ .
If rapid feed button S21 is activated during hole cleaning downwards (flushing, rotation,
percussion and feed are on) percussion pressure is forced to minimum value regardless
the feed forwards pressure. This action keeps the stress level in drill string as low as
possible.
When rapid feed button S21 is depressed during drilling forwards, valves (302) (coil Y358)
and (305) (coil Y359) in the RockPilot block are activated.
This means at first that oil for feed forwards movement can by--pass the feed restrictor
(301) through valve (302) hence feed speed is controlled by drilling joy--stick.
Secondly valve (305) closes connection from reference port of percussion minimum
pressure/follow--up valve (303) to feed pressure fine tuning valve (20).
Therefore reference pressure is always at least at same level as feed actuator pressure so
valve (303) forces percussion pressure to minimum value.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

7.8. Rattling
Rattling is started by turning the drilling joy--stick to the right with push button S22
depressed. Pilot oil from the drilling joy--stick valve (17) starts to flow through valve
manifold ports X6 and X7 to the drilling control block port X3 and further through the
selection valve (62) and the shuttle valve (19) to the pilot port of selection valve (4).
When pilot pressure exceeds 9 bar, valve (4) spool changes its position, percussion
on/off--valve (3) opens and oil from pump (1) starts to flow to the rock drill through
percussion pressure compensator (2).
Oil to the percussion LS--circuit is taken from the percussion pressure compensator (2)
port G. Oil flows through the orifice (9) to drilling control block port M12 and further through
the flow control valve (5) and shuttle valves (10) and (18) via port LS1 to the piston pump
(1) LS--port.
Because push button S22 in drilling joy--stick is depressed selection valve (15) is activated
and it prevents percussion LS--oil to go to RockPilot block and therefore percussion
maximum pressure relief valve (7) is limiting percussion pressure to maximum value.

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54 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

8. ADJUSTMENTS OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS

The hydraulic oil temperature must be 40--50°C before any adjustments

are made.
CAUTION

Adjust the diesel engine rotation speed: idling 1200 rpm and full speed
2100 rpm.
CAUTION

8.1. Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (1)

Regulator A Regulator B Regulator A Regulator B

Pump 50 Pump 1
1. Remove the caps from the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator (B) and
open their locking nuts.
2. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw almost completely open (counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully closed (clockwise). The pump operates now
as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M1 of the drilling
control block.
5. Start the diesel engine and set it to full speed (2100 rpm).
6. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw clockwise until the pressure reading at M1 is
250 bar.
7. Lock the pressure regulator (B) setting with the locking nut.
8. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully open (ccw).
9. Allow the pressure to settle. Adjust the stand--by pressure to 25 bar by turning the
flow regulator (A) screw clockwise. Read the pressure in the pressure gauge in
M1. NOTE! With HL 1560 drifter the setting is 30 bar.
10. Lock the setting of the flow regulator (A) with the locking nut.
11. Stop the diesel engine and allow the pressure reading at M1 to drop to 0 bar.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

12. Restart the diesel engine and check that the pressure reading at M1 is 25 bar (30
bar with HL 1560 drifter). If necessary, readjust stand--by pressure. Stop the
diesel engine.
13. Place back the caps of the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator (B).
14. Remove the pressure gauge in the measuring point M1.
NOTE! The reading 25 bar is stand-- by pressure, which exists in the pump’s
pressure line when the pump output is at minimum (30 bar with HL 1560 drifter).

8.2. Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (50)

1. Remove the caps from the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator (B) and
open their locking nuts.
2. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw almost completely open (counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully closed (clockwise). The pump operates now
as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the rotation
directional valve (53).
5. Start the diesel engine and set it to full speed.
6. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw clockwise until the pressure reading at M is
260 bar.
7. NOTE! The set value of the max. pressure relief valve (55) of the rotation
directional valve (53) is 290 bar.
8. Lock the pressure regulator (B) setting with the locking nut.
9. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully open (ccw).
10. Allow the pressure to settle. Adjust the stand--by pressure to 25 bar by turning the
flow regulator (A) screw clockwise. Read the pressure in the pressure gauge at
measuring point M.
11. Lock the setting of the flow regulator (A) with the locking nut.
12. Stop the diesel engine and allow the pressure reading at M to drop to 0 bar.
13. Restart the diesel engine and check that the pressure reading at M is 25 bar. If
necessary, readjust stand--by pressure. Stop the diesel engine.
14. Place back the caps of the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator (B).
15. Remove the pressure gauge in the measuring point M.

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8.3. Adjustment of pilot control valve (43) control pressures

The pilot control pressure to the drilling joystick is adjusted with the pilot control pressure
adjusting valve (43). The adjusting procedure is as follows:
1. Open the locking nut of the adjustment of the valve (43).
2. Open the adjusting screw (43) almost completely (ccw).
3. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M8 of the drilling
control block.
4. Start the diesel engine.
5. Start the feed and run it against the stopper, adjust the feed pressure to 70 bar by
feed pressure fine tuning valve (20), read the pressure from pressure gauge (21).
6. Turn the adjusting screw of the valve (43) clockwise to adjust the pressure reading
to 30 bar. Read the pressure in the pressure gauge in measuring point M8.
7. Tighten the locking nut of the valve (43).
8. Run the feed movement back and forth with the joystick. Have an assistant to
check at the same time that the max. control pressure at M8 is 30 bar. If not,
readjust the pressure.
9. Stop the diesel engine.
10. Remove the pressure gauge in the measuring point M8.

M8

43

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.4. Adjusting rotation valve pressures

8.4.1. Adjusting rotation pressure relief valve (55)

55

NOTE! As the set value (290 bar) of the pressure relief valve (55) is higher than the
set value (260 bar) of the pump’s (50) pressure regulator (B), the pump (50) must be
converted into a constant pressure pump to make this adjustment possible.
1. Remove the caps from the pump (50) flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator
(B) and open their locking nuts.
2. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw almost completely open (counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully closed (clockwise). The pump operates now
as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the rotation
directional valve (53).
5. Close the pressure relief valve (55) fully (cw) to prevent it from opening when the
pump’s pressure is raised.
6. Start the diesel engine.
7. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw of the pump (50) clockwise until the pressure
reading at M is 300 bar.
8. Turn the adjusting screw of the rotation valve (53) pressure relief valve (55)
counterclockwise (See illustration) until the pressure gauge in the measuring point
M shows 290 bar. The pressure relief valve (55) is now set to its opening value.
9. Return the setting of the pump (50) pressure regulator (B) to the original value (260
bar), ref. chapter on pressure settings of pump (50).
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8.4.2. Adjustments of rotation pressure relief valves (60) and (61)

60

The ports A and B of the rotation valve have different pressure settings to get a higher
thread opening torque than the torque in the drilling direction.
Setting the LSA pressure of the A line pressure relief valve (60)
1. Disconnect and plug the rotation motor hoses.
2. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed.
3. Remove the cap from the LSA pressure relief valve (60) of the directional valve
(53). See illustration.
4. Turn the drilling joystick to the extreme left position.
5. Adjust the pressure relief valve (60) until the rotation pressure gauge (51) shows
150 bar or the pressure gauge mounted to the measuring point M of the directional
valve (53) shows 165 bar.
6. Stop the diesel engine and reconnect the rotation motor hoses correctly. Place
back the cap on the pressure relief valve (60).

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

Setting the LSB pressure of the B line pressure relief valve (61)

61

1. Disconnect and plug the rotation motor hoses.

2. Start the diesel engine.
3. Remove the cap from the LSB pressure relief valve (61) of the directional valve
(53).
4. Turn the drilling joystick to the extreme right position while depressing the fast feed
button 1 (S21) on the drilling joystick. An assistant should hold the joystick in this
position while the adjustment is done.
5. Adjust the pressure relief valve (61) until the pressure gauge mounted to the
measuring point M of the directional valve (53) shows 210 bar, at B--port the
pressure is now 195 bar.
6. Reconnect the rotation motor hoses correctly. Place back the cap on the pressure
relief valve (61).

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8.5. Basic settings for drilling parameters

These instructions explain how to perform the basic settings for RockPilot control system.
The pressures stated in text refer cabin gauge pressures if not otherwise mentioned.

Before starting the adjustment check the rock drill high pressure accumulator pressures:

Rig type Precharging pressure

Pantera 800 55 bar
Pantera 900/1100 50 bar
Pantera 1500, HL 1500 / HL 1560 55 bar

NOTE! Items 2.--12. are made rock drill driven against front stopper and items 15.--19. are
made during drilling.

1. Drive rock drill against front stopper (remove the drill rod).
2. Fully open (counterclockwise) the valve (20) (feed pressure fine tuning valve) in
cabin.
3. Fully close (clockwise) the valve (39) (feed pilot pressure adjusting valve) in cabin,
behind the seat.

20

39

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

4. Fully open (counterclockwise) the valve (304) (feed pressure basic setting valve)
in RockPilot block.
5. Fully open (counterclockwise) the valve (301) (feed restrictor) in RockPilot block.

M1

301

304
303

6. Switch off the anti--jamming automatics by turning the rocker switch S24 in cabin
to the middle position.

S24

anti--jamming
automatics off

7. Start percussion (and rotation) by turning drilling joystick to the left and check the
percussion minimum pressure from percussion pressure gauge (should be 75--85
bar, 20-- 25 bar higher than rock drill high pressure accumulator precharge
pressure). If the setting is wrong, adjust it to correct value by valve (303)
(percussion minimum pressure/follow up valve) in RockPilot block.
8. Switch rattling on by turning drilling joy--stick to the right with button S22
depressed. Adjust temporarily by valve (7) (percussion max. pressure relief valve
in drilling control block) percussion max. pressure to 20 bar higher value than used
in hard rock drilling (e.g. if normal max. percussion pressure used in hard rock
drilling is 150 bar, adjust valve (7) to 170 bar).

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9. Turn drilling on (drilling joystick to 11 o’clock position) and start to increase feed
and percussion pressures by adjusting valve (304) clockwise. Both feed and
percussion pressures start increasing. Adjust valve (304) so that percussion
pressure is 15 bars higher than the normal value when drilling in hard rock (=low
penetration speed), e.g. if normal value for percussion pressure in hard rock is 150
bar, adjust percussion pressure up to 165 bar by valve (304). After the setting of
valve (304) feed pressure should be about 50--70 bar with valve (20) fully open.

10. Adjust valve (7) (percussion max. pressure) back to its normal value (e.g. to 150
bar), see also table below.
Rig type Max percussion pressure Factory setting
Pantera 800 200 bar 190 bar
Pantera 900 140 bar 130 bar
Pantera 1100 140 bar 130 bar
Pantera 1500 180 bar 160 bar

11. Increase feed pressure with valve (20) to about 10 bars higher value than used in
hard rock drilling, e.g. if in hard rock drilling normal feed pressure is 75 bar adjust
feed pressure against the front stopper to 85 bar.
12. Turn feed restrictor valve (301) fully in (clockwise) and then open it 2 rounds
(counterclockwise).
13. Drive the rock drill to rear position, turn drilling on and adjust with valve (301) feed
speed forwards to typically used value 4,0 m/min. If rock is mainly soft adjust feed
speed to 5,0 m/min and if guide tube is used adjust feed speed to 3,2--3,5 m/min.
Feed speed increases when turning valve (301) counterclockwise.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

Basic setting of the torque sensing valve (316) and anti--jamming valve (34)
14. Activate the anti--jamming automatics by turning rocker switch S24 to the front
position.
14.1. Drive the drifter against the front stopper, add a coupling sleeve to the
drifter shank or use a MF--rod and close the PITO--centralizer.
14.2. Select following functions from the control panel: forced flushing on (S23
rear position) and flushing off (S 18 middle position). Press also once the
drilling joy--stick button 3 (S 19) to deactivate percussion.
14.3. First fully open (counterclockwise) the setting of the anti--jamming valve
(34) and then close the setting 12 rounds.
14.4. First fully close (counterclockwise) the setting of torque sensing valve
(316) and then open the setting (clockwise) 1,5 rounds. NOTE! The
setting screw of valve (316) has a left hand thread.
14.5. Fully open (counterclockwise) the setting of rotation speed valve (59) in
cabin.
14.6. Put the feed forwards on and adjust the feed pressure by valve (20) to a
typical maximum value, e.g. 70 bar (the value which is used during full
power drilling).
14.7. Put the rotation and feed on by turning the drilling joy--stick to 11 o’clock
position. Note, that there is no rotation because valve (59) is fully open.
14.8. Start to increase slowly the setting of valve (59) by turning it clockwise.
When the rotation pressure exceeds 60--65 bar (see the rotation pressure
gauge (51) in cabin) the torque sensing valve (316) should start to
decrease the feed pressure. If the feed pressure is still at maximum (e.g.
70 bar) decrease the setting of torque sensing valve by turning it
clockwise until the feed pressure starts to decrease. When the setting
point is found, lock the setting and check the function by increasing and
decreasing the rotation pressure by valve (59) around 60 bars. When
rotation pressure rises higher than 60 bars feed pressure should
decrease and when rotation pressure is lower than 60 bars feed pressure
should stay at maximum.
14.9. Reduce the setting of anti--jamming valve (34) by turning the adjusting
screw 2 rounds counterclockwise. Check the same way as on item 8. that
when rotation pressure exceeds 75--80 bar anti--jamming valve is
activating the reverse movement to feed (drifter moves backwards and
feed pressure rises to 160 bar). Note that torque sensing valve (316) has
already reduced the feed pressure from maximum value before
anti--jamming valve (34) activates the reverse movement.
14.10. NOTE! If the typical rotation pressure is higher (e.g. 60--70 bar) the
setting values of torque sensing valve (316) and anti-- jamming valve
(34) should be adjusted higher so that the settings are not
‘disturbing’ the normal drilling.

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15. Start drilling into hard competent rock (if possible). Check that full drilling power
(e.g. percussion 150 bar, feed 75 bar) is reached at slow penetration rate 0 -- 1,2
m/min.
If higher percussion power (pressure) is accepted by the drill string (stable drilling, drill
steel threads are not overheating) , either
-- increase setting of valve (304) or
-- increase setting of valve (7).
depending on which relief valve is effective on the percussion pressure limitation at actual
penetration rate.
Note! If both percussion and feed pressures are lower than normal values used in hard
rock drilling (rotation pressure at normal level), check the influence of torque sensing valve
(316) and anti--jamming valve (34). For a short period (max. 3--5 seconds) switch off the
anti--jamming automatics by rocker switch S24. If percussion and feed pressures are
increasing while anti--jamming automatics is off, the setting of torque sensing valve (316)
or anti--jamming valve (34) is too low. Turn torque sensing valve (316) adjusting screw in
(counterclockwise, see also picture below) until feed (and percussion) pressure stops
increasing. If the increasing of the torque sensing valve (316) setting is not increasing the
feed pressure, turn the setting knob of the anti--jamming valve (34) clockwise until feed
(and percussion) pressure is in normal value.
If percussion power (pressure) is too high (unstable drilling, overheating of drill steel
threads), either
-- decrease the setting of valve (304) if percussion pressure is too high at high
penetration rate (> 1,2 m/min) or
-- limit the max. percussion pressure by valve (7) if percussion pressure is too high
at low penetration rate (< 1,2 m/min).
If needed, readjust the feed pressure by valve (20) (to get the optimum feed pressure).
Note! Feed pressure can increase up to the setting value of valve (29) (feed PVG main
valve, LSA --relief valve). If valve (29) is limiting the max. feed pressure and valve (20) is still
turned clockwise, feed pressure stays at setting value of valve (29) but percussion
pressure starts to decrease.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

29

16. Check that when drilling in softer rock (penetration rate higher than 1,2 m/min).
RockPilot automatics decrease drilling power (feed and percussion pressures
decrease simultaneously with higher penetration rates).
17. Check the function of anti--jamming valve (34). It should activate feed retract
movement if rotation pressure increases 15--20 bar higher than the setting value of
the torque sensing valve (316). E.g. if valve (316) is adjusted to 60 bar, adjust
anti--jamming valve to 75--80 bar.
-- Open the anti--jamming valve (34) adjusting knob (A) until the anti--jamming
automatics reacts. The reaction of the anti--jamming valve (34) can bee seen
easily from feed directional valve. Pay attention to hexagon axle (B) at the side of
feed valve. When this hexagon axle start to turn back and forth, the setting point of
the anti--jamming valve (34) is found. NOTE, that anti--jamming valve starts to
reduce feed forwards oil flow 12 -- 15 bar before feed reverse movement (e.g. if
reverse movement is adjusted to activate at 80 bar rotation pressure hexagon axle
starts to move at 65 -- 68 bar rotation pressure).
-- Close the adjusting knob (A) of anti--jamming valve (34) 2--3 turns (NOTE! 1 turn is
equal to 5 bar). Correct setting depends on the rock type and the drilling conditions,
varying between 70 and 110 bar (factory setting is 80 bar).

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34

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.6. Controlling the behavior of the RockPilot drilling control system

during drilling
When drilling with RockPilot feed and percussion pressures (drilling power) are related to
feed (penetration) speed. Increasing feed speed will automatically decrease feed and
percussion pressures.
Setting of feed pressure fine tuning valve (20) should be optimized when drilling through
competent rock. The operator will be responsible for fine--tuning the feed pressure each
time the ”external” drilling situation is modified e.g. larger or smaller bits, vertical or
horizontal holes.
Also torque sensing valve (316) and anti--jamming valve (34) might need fine tuning if drill
bit size is changed or if rock conditions changes totally, e.g. from solid, competent rock to
very broken rock or when rig is moved to an other quarry.
NOTE! The operator should no longer change the setting of valve (20) to accommodate
variations in rock hardness, even with drastic changes in penetration rate. The relation
between penetration rate and drilling power is now automatic.
As a visible result in soft rock, the shank should be in continuous axial contact with the rock
drill or with the rock drill stabilizer. The shank should never run ahead of the rock drill (the
shank can only run ahead of the rock drill when actual percussion is as low as minimum
percussion, and rock still gets softer. The shank will run ahead of the rock drill, but at very
low power, without any detrimental effect on shank and drill rods).
The operator will have to consider the torque on drill string, which is roughly shown by the
rotation pressure gauge, but also by vibrations of the drill string, balancing of the rock drill
and overall vibrations induced to the cabin. Rotation speed is also to be used for fine--tune
the drilling process.
Low drill steel coupling temperatures, nice looking threads and straight holes are to be
considered as the final proof for good settings.

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8.7. Feed pressure fine tuning valve (20)

20

X
32

T1
T2

This valve is used for fine tune the feed pressure to suit the rock type when the feed
movement control valve (16) is activated.
Note, that when drilling with feed--percussion follow--up on, adjustments of the feed
pressure fine tuning valve (20) has normally no effect to the percussion pressure.
Note! Feed pressure can increase up to the setting value of valve (29) (feed PVG main
valve, LSA --relief valve). If valve (29) is limiting the max. feed pressure and valve (20) is still
turned clockwise, feed pressure stays at setting value of valve (29) but percussion
pressure starts to decrease.

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Operation and adjustments

8.8. Adjustment of maximum pressure for forward feed (valve 29)

29

The adjustment of max. forward feed pressure is done with the pressure relief valve (29) in
the LSA port of the feed directional valve (23). It’s set value is 145 bar (Pantera 1500 = 100
bar).
1. Remove the cap from the LSA pressure relief valve (29) of the feed valve.
2. Start the diesel engine.
3. Push the drilling joystick forwards to start feed movement, and run the rock drill to
the front stopper of the feed. Hold the joystick in the forward position while an
assistant makes the adjustment.
4. Start to increase the feed pressure by valve (20) until the feed pressure do not
increase any more.
5. Adjust the valve (29) so that the pressure gauge at the port M6 or the feed pressure
gauge (21) shows 145 bar (Pantera 1500 100 bar).
6. Reduce the setting of valve (20) back to the original value.
7. Stop the diesel engine.
8. Replace the cap on the pressure relief valve (29).

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8.9. Adjustment of maximum pressure for reverse feed (valve 30)

30

The adjustment of reverse feed pressure is done with the pressure relief valve (30) in the
LSB port of the feed directional valve (23). Its set value is 160 bar. The set value must be
higher than for the LSA port because more power is needed when the rod string is pulled
upwards. The adjustment is done as follows:
1. Remove the cap from the LSB pressure relief valve (30) of the feed valve.
2. Start the diesel engine.
3. Pull the drilling joystick backwards to start reverse feed, and run the rock drill to the
rear stopper of the feed. Hold the joystick in the back position while an assistant
makes the adjustment.
4. Adjust the valve (30) so that the feed pressure gauge (21) shows 160 bar.
5. Stop the diesel engine.
6. Replace the cap on the pressure relief valve (30).

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.10. Adjusting fast feed maximum speed backwards/forwards

The maximum fast feed speed is adjusted with the stroke limiters at end of the feed
directional valve (23) spool. The lower screw sets the maximum feed speed downwards
(port A) and the upper screw upwards (port B). The factory settings of the screws are such
that the spool opens to maximum positions and the feed speed is as high as possible. If
you want to lower the maximum feed speed from the factory setting, adjust the screws as
follows:
1. Remove the drill rod from the rock drill to ensure free movement of the rock drill
between the end positions on the feed.
2. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed.
3. Open the lockings of the adjusting screws at the ends of the spool of the feed
directional valve (23).
4. Run the rock drill to the rear position.
5. Push the drilling joystick to the forward position while depressing the fast feed
button 1 (S21) on the joystick to activate fast feed. The fast feed speed downwards
can now be adjusted. Hold the joystick in the forward position. Take care not to
crash the rock drill against the front stopper. An assistant is needed to do the
adjustment.

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6. Adjust (assistant) the fast feed speed to the desired level by turning the adjusting
screw (1) inwards (cw) to reduce the speed.
7. Release the joystick to the middle position to stop fast feed movement.
8. Run the rock drill to the front position.
9. Pull the drilling joystick to the rear position while depressing the fast feed button 1
(S21) on the joystick to activate fast feed. The fast feed speed upwards can now be
adjusted. Hold the joystick in the back position. Take care not to crash the rock drill
against the rear stopper. An assistant is needed to do the adjustment.
10. Adjust (assistant) the fast feed speed to the desired level by turning the adjusting
screw (2) inwards (cw) to reduce the speed.
11. Release the joystick to the middle position to stop fast feed movement.
12. Tighten the locking nuts of the adjusting screws of the feed directional valve (23).
13. Stop the diesel engine.

8.11. Adjusting maximum feed pilot pressure (valve 39)

39

With RockPilot valve (39) is adjusted fully closed. Open the locking nut, turn the adjusting
screw fully in (closed), tighten the locking nut.

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THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.12. Adjusting rock drill rotation speed (valve 59)

59

The rotation speed of the rock drill is adjusted with the rotation speed adjusting valve (59).
The valve is located in the cabin, on the operator’s right side. Turning the adjusting knob
counterclockwise lowers and turning it clockwise increases the rotation speed of the rock
drill. The correct rotation speed depends on the rock type and the diameter of the drill bit.
Tamrock recommends the following rotation speeds for drill bits of different diameters:

DRILL BIT SIZE ROTATION SPEED

mm in r/min
78 3.0 100....140
89 3.5 100....120
102 4.0 80......120
115 4.5 70......110
127 5.0 70.......80

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8.13. Adjusting feed-- and rotation speed for threading

94 95

Threading rotation speed is adjusted with the valve (95) and feed speed with the valve
(94). The speeds get lower when the adjusting screws are opened. First adjust a suitable
rotation speed and then the feed to correspond to the rise in threading.
A screw driver, for example, can be used for doing the adjustments (see picture). When
threading, the screw driver should stay in position. If it moves upwards when thread is
opening, feed is too fast or rotation too slow. If the screw driver moves downwards, feed
is too slow or rotation too fast.
Check the adjustment by threading a rod into the sleeve.

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 75 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.14. Adjusting feed cylinder overcenter valve (248) and sequence

valve (249)

248

M1 M2

V1 V2

249
C1 C2

248

M1 M2

249

V1 V2
1. Turn the adjusting screw of the overcenter valve clockwise because the screw
has a left--hand thread.
2. Open the adjusting screw of the overcenter valve fully by turning it clockwise
because the screw has a left--hand thread.
3. Tighten the adjusting screw of the overcenter valve (248) 3 turns
(=counterclockwise).
4. Open the locking nut of the sequence valve (249) (ccw).
5. Open the adjusting screw of the sequence valve (249) fully (ccw).
6. Tighten the adjusting screw of the sequence valve 2.5 turns.
7. Lock the adjusting screws.
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76 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

8.15. Adjusting feed motor overcenter valve (31) and 3/2 directional
valve (47)
47

31

47

31

1. Overcenter valve (31); open the locking nut, fully open the adjusting screw (ccw)
and tighten the locking nut.
2. 3/2 Directional valve (47); open the locking nut, fully open the adjusting screw
(ccw) and then turn 1/2 round clockwise, tighten the locking nut.

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 77 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.16. Adjusting cooler pump (90) pressure relief valve (91) and
sequence valve (266)

1 2
P T

3
P

266
M
91
P
3
2
P

T 1

1. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the pressure relief
valve (91).
2. Fully close (clockwise) the cooler speed adjusting valve (116).
3. Open the locking nut of the pressure relief valve (91).
4. Open the adjusting screw of the valve (91) fully (ccw).
5. Open the locking nut of the sequence valve (266).
6. Open the adjusting screw of the sequence valve (266) fully (ccw).
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78 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

7. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed.

8. Turn the adjusting screw of the pressure relief valve (91) clockwise to set the
pressure gauge reading to the desired value:

Pressure Diesel engine

Pantera 800 150 bar
Pantera 900 150 bar
Pantera 1100 150 bar
Pantera 1500 180 bar

Check the type of the diesel engine from unit identification card.

9. Tighten the locking nut of the pressure relief valve (91).

10. Set the diesel engine to idling speed. Fully open the cooler motor rotation speed
adjusting valve (116).
11. Close the adjusting screw of the sequence valve (266) until the pressure gauge
reading is 100--105 bar.
12. Tighten the locking nut of the sequence valve (266).
13. Adjust the cooler motor rotation speed adjusting valve (116) to it’s original setting.
14. Stop the diesel engine.
15. Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M.

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 79 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

8.17. Checking the pressure relief valve (84) of dust collector

84

84

A D B
80

1. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the pressure relief
valve (84).
2. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed; start the dust collector from switch
(S17). Check the reading in the pressure gauge immediately after the dust
collector has started.
3. If the pressure gauge reading is 200--210 bar when the dust collector starts, the
pressure relief valve (84) works properly. If the pressure gauge shows much higher
value, clean or replace the valve (84).
4. Stop the diesel engine.
5. Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M.

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80 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

8.18. Adjusting of the percussion pressure switch (12) and rotation

pressure switch (66)

66 (S77) 12 (S64)

Several functions are controlled by percussion pressure switch S64 (12) (eg. percussion
hour meter, flushing automatics and shank lubrication). Shank lubrication pump is
controlled by pressure switch S77 (66) during the rotation when percussion is not on (eg
during the threading).

1. Connect a pressure gauge to measuring point M9 of the drilling control block.

2. Adjust the pressure switches (12) and (66) roughly to 15 bar according to the
pressure switch scale.
3. Fully open the rotation speed adjusting valve (59) screwing counter clock wise
(valve located in cabin).
4. Start the diesel engine to idling speed.
5. Turn the drilling joy--stick to the left . Rotation is activated but percussion remains
off because rotation pilot pressure is limited by the valve (59) to 5 bar, measuring
point M9 at drilling control block.

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 81 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

6. Adjust by valve (59) the rotation pilot pressure approximately to 8 bar.

7. Adjust the percussion pressure switch (12) activating point to 8 bar. If necessary
use the multimeter.
8. Check the percussion pressure switch operation with ascending pressure by
adjusting rotation pilot pressure with valve (59), percussion pressure switch must
activate approximately in 8 bar (eg. flushing goes on).
9. Leave the rotation pilot pressure to 8 bar, check the pressure from the pressure
gauge installed to measuring point M9 at drilling control block.
10. Hold the drilling joy--stick turned to the left and switch percussion off by pressing
drilling joy--stick push button S19 (3), valve (242) will activate.
11. Adjust the rotation circuit pressure switch (66) to activate at 8 bar. Use the
multimeter to recognize the activating point or by observing shank lubrication
pump operation.
12. Check the pressure switch (66) operation with ascending pressure by adjusting
rotation pilot pressure with valve (59), rotation pressure switch (66) must activate
approximately in 8 bar.
13. Turn the drilling joy--stick to the middle position and press again the drilling
joy--stick push button S19 (3), percussion function will return (valve (242) is
deactivated)
14. Stop the diesel engine and remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point
M9.

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82 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

9. HYDRAULIC OIL FILTRATION SYSTEM

The system comprises pressure and return flow filtration. Pressure filtration is only in the
circuit of the pump (1), but return flow filtration is provided for all pumps.
The pressure filter (112) has a cartridge type replaceable filter element (25 mm abs).
If the pressure difference over the filter rises higher than 2.5 bar, an indicator light in the
instrument panel goes on. It indicates that the filter element should be replaced.
The filter body is also equipped with a bypass valve that open if the pressure difference
over the filter rises higher than 3,5 bar.

When the rig is started in cold weather, the filter service indicator may
illuminate several minutes before going off. The reason for this is that
stiff, cold oil raises the pressure difference over the filter higher than the
CAUTION
set value of the pressure switch in the filter body. The light should go off
as the oil warms up.

The return oil filter (113) filters the return oils of all pumps. It is of a tank--top type, which
means that it is located inside the hydraulic oil tank.
It is equipped with a 12 mm (abs) replaceable filter element. The pressure switch (118) for
the return oil filter is located on the collector tube and it indicates when the filter element
should be replaced. If the pressure difference over the filter rises above 2 bar, the service
indicator in the instrument panel goes on. The filter body is also provided with a bypass
valve that opens if the pressure difference over the filter exceeds 2.4 bar.

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 83 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

10. OIL COOLING SYSTEM

The oil returning from the various devices is collected to the hot side of the collector tube
(115) on the side of the oil tank (except ’leakage oil’ that runs directly into the tank through
adapters (119) in the side of the tank).
The collector tube comprises:
-- Two thermostats (117) with the purpose to direct oil either directly from the hot side
to the cold side and then into tank or through the oil cooler. The closing value of
the thermostats is 52_C.
-- Two pressure relief valves integrated to the thermostat with the purpose to protect
the cooler from too high pressures. When open, the pressure relief valves let the
oil flow from the hot side of the collector tube to the cold side.
-- Pressure switch (118) for return oil filter service indicator.
-- A pressure gauge (121) that indicates the return oil pressure in the collector tube.
-- A non--return valve through which supplementary oil is pumped into the hydraulic
oil tank with a hand pump.
From the collecto tube, oil flows either through the open thermostat to the tank or, when
the thermostat is closed, through the oil cooler (114).
Oil returns from the oil cooler to the cold side of the collector tube and flow then through
the return oil filter (113) into the tank.
The oil cooler (114) is used for cooling down both hydraulic and compressor oil. The
rotation speed of the cooling fan motor can be adjusted with an adjusting valve (116)
mounted to the side of the motor. Adjustments may be needed in cold climates, for
instance, to get the oil up to normal working temperature as quickly as possible.
The compressor circuit oil should especially be warmed up to normal temperature as
quickly as possible. This is important because the oil circulation in the compressor relies
on pressure difference. The colder the oil is the more difficult oil circulation becomes. This
may result in compressor overheating which triggers the thermal protector.

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84 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

11. FACTORY SETTINGS AND MEASURING POINTS OF

PRESSURES

RPB = RockPilot block

N:O FUNCTION SETTING, MEASURING

BAR POINT
1 MAIN PRESSURE LIMIT OF PERCUSSION 250 M1
AND FEED PUMP
1 FLOW REGULATOR OF PERCUSSION AND 25 M1
FEED PUMP
(with HL 1560 drifter) (30)
3 PERCUSSION MAIN VALVE CLOSED M3
4 PERCUSSION SELECTOR VALVE FIXED 9 M9
7 MAX. PERCUSSION PRESSURE REGULATING
VALVE
PANTERA 800 190 M
PANTERA 900 130 M
PANTERA 1100 130 M
PANTERA 1500 160 M
12 PRESSURE SWITCH FOR PERCUSSION 8--9 M9
20 FEED PRESSURE FINE TUNING VALVE VARIES RPB M5
24 B--LINE SHOCK VALVE FIXED 230 --
25 A--LINE SHOCK VALVE FIXED 175 --
29 FAST FEED MAX. PRESSURE DOWNWARDS
PANTERA 800 145 RPB M8
PANTERA 900 145 RPB M8
PANTERA 1100 145 RPB M8
PANTERA 1500 100 RPB M8
30 FAST FEED MAX. PRESSURE UPWARDS 160 RPB M8
34 CONTROL VALVE FOR ANTI--JAMMING 80 M
AUTOMATICS (20 -- 30
HIGHER
THAN
VALVE 316)
39 MAXIMUM FEED SPEED FULLY
CLOSED
43 ADJUSTMENT OF PILOT CONTROL 30 M8
PRESSURES

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 C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH 85 (86)

THC RockPilot DRILLING HYDRAULICS PANTERA

Operation and adjustments

N:O FUNCTION SETTING, MEASURING

BAR POINT
50 MAIN PRESSURE LIMIT OF ROTATION PUMP 260 M
50 FLOW REGULATOR OF ROTATION PUMP 25 M
55 ROTATION MAIN PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE 290 M
59 ROTATION SPEED REGULATING VALVE VARIES M
60 MAX. ROTATION PRESSURE IN DRILLING 150 M
DIRECTION
61 MAX. ROTATION PRESSURE IN THREAD 195 M
OPENING DIRECTION
66 PRESSURE SWITCH FOR SLU CONTROL 8--9 M
84 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR DUST FIXED 210 M
COLLECTOR
91 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR COOLER
Pantera 800 150 M
Pantera 900 150 M
Pantera 1100 150 M
Pantera 1500 180 M
266 SEQUENCE VALVE 100 -- 105 M
303 PERCUSSION MINIMUM PRESSURE 70 -- 80 M
304 FEED PRESSURE BASIC SETTING VARIES RPB M4
316 TORQUE SENSING VALVE 60 M

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86 (86) C 52941 - 2 en 1205 / MAH

Notes:

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 C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR 1 (6)

PANTERA / HL 1560T STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

CONTENTS

1. DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. PANTERA / HL 1560T STABILIZER SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. ADJUSTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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2 (6) C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR

PANTERA / HL 1560 STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

1. DIAGRAM

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 C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR 3 (6)

PANTERA / HL 1560T STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

2. PANTERA / HL 1560T STABILIZER SYSTEM

Stabilizer pressure control is done with a separate control block. Block includes three
cartridge valves; electric operated 3/2--directional valve (126), pilot controlled pressure
reducing/relieving valve with internal maximum pressure setting (270) and pilot operated
pressure relief valve (271). Valve (271) is same type of a valve which is used as a
percussion minimum pressure / follow--up valve (303) in feed--percussion follow--up
function. Inside the block is an ∅1,0 mm orifice (322) which ensures adequate oil flow to
the pilot control circuit of valve (270).

Working principle

Oil to the stabilizer circuit is taken from percussion piston pump (1). From the drilling
control block port P5 a hose is connected to the stabilizer control block port P. From there
oil flows through valves (270 and 126) to port S and further to the stabilizer connection
in the drifter.

Valve (270) is working so that the pressure after this valve (= stabilizer pressure) is
controlled either by controlling the pressure at port 4 via valve (271) or by internal relief
valve that limits the maximum stabilizer pressure. Valve (271) is ’pilot controlling’ valve
(270) when stabilizer pressure is lower than the spring setting of valve (270).

When only percussion is activated pump (1) pressure is set to the percussion minimum
pressure (typically 75--80 bar). Pressure at port P of the stabilizer control block is the same
75--80 bar. Oil flows through valves (270) and (126) to the stabilizer pressure port of the
drifter. At the same time oil starts to flow through orifice (322) to the control circuit of valve
(270). Pressure starts to increase after orifice (322) at port 4 of valve (270) and at port
1 of valve (271). When this pressure is increased to the spring setting of valve (271) valve
opens and it sets the stabilizer minimum pressure at port 4 of valve (270). Now the main
spool of valve (270) is starting to close and it sets the pressure after valve (270) (=stabilizer
pressure) to the minimum value (60 bar). This 60 bar stabilizer minimum pressure is set
by the spring of valve (271).

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 4 (6) C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR

PANTERA / HL 1560 STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

When only percussion is on there is no pressure at port F (=feed actuator pressure) or port
R (=reference pressure) of the stabilizer control block. These two pressures (feed actuator
pressure and reference pressure) are exactly the same pressures which are used to
control the feed--percussion follow--up function. This means that when feed forwards is
activated and the reference pressure is higher than feed actuator pressure (drilling without
any feed resistance; e.g. in cavity or with very low feed speed) the stabilizer pressure (as
well as the percussion pressure) stays at minimum value. When feed actuator pressure
increases higher than the reference pressure stabilizer switches from minimum pressure
to follow--up mode (as well as the feed--percussion follow--up). Valve (271) controls also
the follow--up function and it has a certain ratio; meaning that when feed actuator pressure
increases e.g. 10 bar stabilizer pressure increases 15 bar with 1,5:1 ratio. When feed
actuator pressure is high enough trying to increase stabilizer pressure (by means of valve
271) to high value the internal relief valve of valve (270) is limiting the stabilizer pressure
to the maximum value (110 bar).

Valve (271) is taking care of the minimum pressure and the follow--up function according
to the feed pressure and valve (270) is limiting the maximum pressure of the stabilizer.

Valve 126 (coil Y126) is activated when push button 2 (S22) at drilling joy--stick is activated
during rattling. Now all the oil which is coming from the drifter to the stabilizer control block
port S is forwarded to tank and stabilizer pressure is close to 0 bar. This ensures easy
opening of the couplings.

Note that valve 126 (Y126) is activated also during coupling and uncoupling.

Stabilizer control circuit is not controlling piston pump (1). When adjustments are done,
either percussion or feed functions must be activated to get enough pressure to port P of
the stabilizer control block. Note also that when pump (1) is at stand--by pressure (25 bar)
this pressure is also in the stabilizer; tramming activates stabilizer pressure to 60 bar
(minimum pressure).

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 C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR 5 (6)

PANTERA / HL 1560T STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

3. COMPONENTS

303

304

M3
271
270

80

126 322 (under the plug)

M2
M1

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 6 (6) C 52955 - 2 en 1205 / PIR

PANTERA / HL 1560 STABILIZER

Pressure control circuit operation and adjustments

4. ADJUSTMENTS

NOTE! The basic settings of the RockPilot must be done before the settings of the
stabilizer control circuit (especially valves (303) and (304) must be adjusted). Perform
adjustment when oil is in operating temperature.
Stabilizer pressure can be seen from pressure gauge (269) in the cabin or from a separate
pressure gauge connected to measuring point M2 of the stabilizer control block.
NOTE Percussion pressure must always be at least 15--20 bar higher than stabilizer
pressure!

1. Open the locking nut of the adjusting screw of valve (270) and fully close
(clockwise) the adjustment.
2. Open the locking nut of valve (271).
3. Switch percussion on (should be 75--80 bar) by turning drilling joy--stick to 9 o’clock
position and adjust the stabilizer minimum pressure to 60 bar by valve (271); see
stabilizer pressure gauge (269) in cabin. Tighten the locking nut.
4. Drive the drifter against the front stopper, activate the drilling by turning the drilling
joy--stick to 11 o’clock position and check stabilizer pressure gauge (269) that
stabilizer pressure is higher than 110 bar. If the stabilizer pressure is lower than
110 bar, temporarily increase the setting of valve (304) at RockPilot block to get
stabilizer pressure to 120 bar.
5. When stabilizer pressure is at least 120 bar start to decrease (counterclockwise)
the setting of valve (270) and set the stabilizer maximum pressure to 110 bar.
Tighten the locking nut.
6. Turn the feed beam to a vertical position and test the system by reversing the drifter
about 20--30 cm of the front stopper, switch drilling on and check that when the
drifter is moving downwards the stabilizer pressure is 60 bar and when drifter runs
against front stopper stabilizer pressure increases to 110 bar; see gauge (269) in
cabin.
7. Check the function of valve 126 (Y126) by switching rattling on and simultaneously
pushing push button 2 (S22) at drilling joy--stick; when pressed stabilizer pressure
must drop to 0 bar.

Factory settings
Valve 270 (stabilizer maximum pressure) 110 bar
Valve 271 (stabilizer minimum pressure) 60 bar

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 B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK 1 (6)

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

CONTENTS

1. STRUCTURE OF PUMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. FUNCTION OF PUMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. REGULATING UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Pressure controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2. Flow controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2.1. Load sensing lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2.2. Stand by pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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 2 (6) B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

1. STRUCTURE OF PUMP
The piston movements of the pump take the oil from the succion side to the pressure side.
The pump is an axial piston pump where the pistons move in the direction of the drive axle.
The variable displacement pump used by Tamrock is a swashplate type [Link] piston
ends slide against the swashplate which angle depends on the LS–signal (pressure).
The ports of the pump are marked as follows :
S = suction port B = pressure port L = drain port X = pilot port

1 2

1. Pressure controller
2. Flow controller

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 B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK 3 (6)

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

1 2 3

4 5 6

1. Counter piston
2. Pistons
3. Angle plate spring holds plate in maximum angle (full output) if regulating unit does
not decrease angle (output)
4. Swashplate
5. Control piston
6. Controller unit

2. FUNCTION OF PUMP
The flow is proportional to the drive speed and the displacement. By adjusting the position
of the swashplate it is possible to steplessly vary the flow.

Stroke Stroke Stroke =0

Maximum angle= Decreased angle= Zero angle=zero flow

maximum flow decreased flow

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 4 (6) B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

3. REGULATING UNIT
F X D
1

P B1 A T C
1. Flow controller
2. Pressure controller
1
2

X1 X2
V
3 4
X
5

6
F 7

8 B1 P A T

B 10

9 11

S L
13
35_
12
14
15

pressure line
return line Hydraulic flowchart
control pressure line

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 B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK 5 (6)

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

1. device max. pressure

2. shuttle valve
3. directional valve
4. load sensing line
5. flow controller
6. pressure controller
7. controller unit
8. pressure gauge
9. driven motor or cylinder
10. pump
11. main pressure relief valve
12. thermostat
13. cooler
14. filter
15. oil tank

The control unit mounted to the pump controls the angle of the swashplate. The pump has
separate controllers for pressure and flow.
The line B1 of the control unit receives system pressure. Through the borings in the control
unit spindles, the pressure is led to the left end of the control spindles.
The line A leads to the control piston that control the angle of the swashplate.
The line T leads into the pump housing, and it is connected to the tank through the drain
line.

3.1. Pressure controller

When the pressure in the line B1 increases, the control unit spindle P moves to the right,
against the spring. When the set maximum pressure is reached, the connection from B1
to A opens, and oil flows to the control piston that decreases the angle of the swashplate.
The adjusting screw C is used for adjusting the maximum system pressure. The pressure
must be c. 20 bar lower than the opening pressure of the main pressure relief valve (=
safety valve).

E 1997 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 6 (6) B 57200 – 2 GB 0197 / IK

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

3.2. Flow controller

Flow varies according to the demand of the system. The system pressure through B1
affects the left end of the spindle F. The pressure from the load sensing line X affects the
right end where the spring is located. The pressure difference over the system directional
valve V forces the regulator’s spindle F against the spring. If the pressure difference
increases, the connection between the lines B1 and A opens, and the pump is adjusted
for lower flow. If the pressure difference decreases, the connection between the lines A
and T opens, and the flow of the pump increases.
3.2.1. Load sensing lines
It is possible to adjust several systems (X1, X2, etc) at the same time by controlling the
LS–pressures of each system.
3.2.2. Stand by pressure
In the situation,when no devices are in operation, the load sensing line X has no pressure,
because it is connected to the tank line through the directional valve. The system pressure
from B1 forces the flow regulator spindle F to the right against the spring. The connection
from B1 to A opens up, and the pump is adjusted to zero flow and low pressure .
The stand by pressure of the system is adjusted with the screw D. The desired value will
adjust according to the adjusting instructions of the pump (depends on the system).

E 1997 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa 1 (8)

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

43

83

7 FP

A4 22
Y4 X4

BF

16

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 2 (8) B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

Working line (pressure, suction, return and feed line)

Pilot control line

Drain or bleed line

Flexible line

Electric line

Dotted line surrounds the components which are

assembled in one unit

Shaft, lever, rod, piston rod

Pipeline junction

Crossed pipelines

Direction of flow in hydraulics (e.g. oil flow in pumps

and motors)

Direction of flow in pneumatics (e.g. air flow in

compressors and air motors)

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa 3 (8)

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

Direction

Direction of rotation

Path and direction of flow through valves. Small

perpendicular line describes movement of the arrow.

Indication of the possibility of regulation

Spring

Adjustable spring

PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS

Fixed capacity hydraulic pump with one flow direction

Fixed capacity hydraulic pump with two flow directions

Compressor

MOTORS

Electric motor (Tamrock uses the same mark for

heat engines)

Fixed capacity hydraulic motor with one flow direction

Fixed capacity hydraulic motor with two flow directions

Fixed capacity pneumatic motor with one flow direction

(air motor)

Oscillating motor (hydraulic)

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 4 (8) B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

CYLINDERS

Single-acting cylinder

Single-acting cylinder returned by spring

Double-acting cylinder

Cylinder with plunger

CONTROL METHODS
Muscular control

General symbol (without indication of control type)

By lever

By pedal

Mechanical control

By spring (e.g. return movements)

Detent (e.g. for keeping control valve spool in

given position)

Electrical control

By solenoid (one winding)

By solenoid (two windings operating in opposite directions)

Control by pressure

Indirect control

Direct control (internal path)

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa 5 (8)

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

VALVES

Valve is a square or a row of squares in which every

square shows one operating position of the valve

DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVES

Valves which open or close one or more blow paths

(e.g. boom controls)
Directional control valve is a row of squares in which
the lines are connected to the square representing
the basic position
A B
Port markings on the directional control valves:
P T P = pressure from pump
T = tank
A,B,C... = work lines
X,Y,Z... = pilot pressure lines
a,b,c... = connections for electric control

One flow path

Two flow paths

One flow path (two ports closed)

Two flow paths (one port closed)

In the following examples the first number shows the

quantity of connection (ports) and the second number
the quantity of operating positions. Control pressure
connections are not indicated.
3/2 control valve, pilot control in both directions

4/3 control valve, controlled by lever, spring-centered

6/3 control valve (mobile control valve)

Shut-off valve (e.g. ball cock)

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 6 (8) B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

PRESSURE CONTROL VALVES

Valves which control pressure
Pressure relief valve (safety valve)
Inlet pressure is controlled by opening the exhaust port to
the reservoir or to the atmosphere against the opposing
force. (Hydraulic valve on the left and pneumatic on
the right)
Pressure reducing valve (pressure regulator)
The unit which with a variable inlet pressure gives
substantially constant output pressure provided that the inlet
pressure remains higher than the required outlet pressure.
Without relief port

With relief port

Overcenter valve
The valve allows free flow in one direction. Flow is possible
in the opposite direction provided that an external pilot
pressure opens the valve or the force caused by inlet
pressure exceed the spring force.

NON-RETURN VALVES
Valves which allow flow in one direction only
Non-return valve
Opens by small pressure difference between inlet and outlet

Opens by significant pressure difference against spring

(e.g. oil filters)

Pilot-controlled non-return valve

Pilot pressure opens the valve

One-way restrictor
Unit allows free flow in one direction but restricted flow in
the other. Restricted flow is adjustable.
(E.g. for controlling the speed of cylinder movement.)
Shuttle valve
The inlet port connected to the higher pressure is auto-
matically connected to the outlet port while the other
inlet port is closed.

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa 7 (8)

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

FLOW CONTROL VALVES

Valves which control the flow
Throttle valve

Flow control valve

Variations in inlet pressure do not affect the rate of flow

Variable output

Simplified symbol for the previous one

Variable output with relief port

Simplified symbol for the previous one

Flow dividing valve

The valve divides the flow into two flows in a fixed ratio
substantially independent of pressure variations

POWER TAKE-OFF
Plugged (for connecting a pressure gauge or power
take-off)
Connected. Fitted with mechanically opened non-return
valves
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir, generally
Reservoir with inlet pipe above fluid level

Reservoir with inlet pipe below fluid level

Receiver (compressed air)

Pressure accumulator

FILTER

Filter or strainer

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771
 8 (8) B 58200 – 1 GB 0198 / PRa

SYMBOLS FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT

WATER TAP

Manual draining

LUBRICATOR

The unit adds small quantities of oil to the air passing

through the unit

COOLERS

Air cooler

Water cooler

MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

Pressure gauge

Thermometer

OTHER EQUIPMENT

Pressure electric switch

Silencer (is often used in exhaust ports of pneumatic

apparatus)

E 1998 TAMROCK CORP., Tampere Plant, Service

[Link] 100
FIN–33311 TAMPERE, Finland
Tel. +358 205 44 121, Telex 22335 parts fi
Telefax +358 205 44 4771