VIDYA DOTCOM
COMPLEX NUMBER AND
ARGUMENTS
CONCEPT OF 6to (i
image nay Number = -1
i=-T
=i
2-1
3=-i
1
Houd to ind any PoWen e iota
iota
u)km
0,1,2,3
um, umtl, Umt, ym+3
Any Reod umbes k :
A
2
Um
(i"" 1" =1
=
Umtl = 1.1
um um2 1(-1)-1
um3¡um31 (-i) -t
Sum o fow COnsecutlve Powes o iota it 0
um,umt)u m+2 um+3
+L 1
COMPLEX NUMBER
Any no the toYm a+ib is Called
Complex umbey a,b e R
+i
Real part
Imag1 nay Part
*Tf Read pat is 0
Complex No. s
Pely Tmona
*IImaginay part is 0 Complex No. fs
Puely Reo
*Inegualuty _0f Complex Number
inegualuty neve holds betweer Complex Numbes
If a+ib Ctid is meaning only
when b=d = 0
e Comp ex hen
Psely Red
D1FFeRENT FoRMS OF COMPLEX NUMBER
Imanay Axs
Argand plane coi CA)
(Plaue formed (n+i)
Real Axs 4 JnogHnay
AXs 2 zl y-1z]Sins
2
Real AXS
(RA)
-2
-31
-
Z
74iy =
zl cose+ i|z[sin e
Polar oTm
| z Ccose +isine) (vseful in Couwe
Multplu'caion
4 divi'sien)
Cortesianform (Useful in se of Addition subrackian)
(z Leng o Complex No. also denotd bby 3
CoSe tisn6 =el6 eulev's formula
ALG5BRA O COMPLEX NUMBER
Z +Za (71t ign) +(+fy2)
( 1 +2) +i (UI+}2)
Z1-72 = 1 t i g ) - ( +ig1)
(1-72) + i (d1-Y2)
Note Z1+Z2 obeys tiangle lauo o Vector additon
Z Z (1+iyi)(tiy)
(a142 + 2) +i(71}at 2})
(1+9 (a-2 (Ralionaized)
(22+h) (-in)
2 + }2) +i(2}-X1d)
2 +8182)
(+1) (+)
EQUALETy 0F CoMPLEX NUMBER
a4ib = C+id
(a-c)+ i (b-a)
= o+0i
a-c)= o (b-d)=o By ComPal)
a=C
bd
e Rea aIT Re aATaz elo
2ht noina aiI Lmaginay
CON JUGATE 0F COMPUEX NuMBtR*
Z = a+ib
a + i-b) =(a -ib) is CoTyte z
Z z ase tonqugati o each othes
te
Pordpesties
()ZtZ t3 t
-Zn Z 7g- -- Zn
En
Whee
z
zn (
Z is he velexto0n oz about Real aw's.
(2)=atib
b
(z)-a-ib
z
zt~= 2 Re(=) (Re Real)
z- =iz Tmg(z) lng lmaginay)
z = C4iy) Ca-iy)
/22
Z z is puely Reod
Z-z z is pntly Iagtin
COMPLEX ARGUMEN TS
Angle made by Complex No. wn e x-axis is alled
asg ument Y ampitude ch the complex no.
Painapal Agument e-,nJ
Cneneroa Argument »
Any value PHnupo
Deno ted Axgument
by aa (z) &r amp ()
TA S+12)
ex
RA
tan6 12
0 tan12
IS e oumentT
TA
S t
RA
e x a p l e
We Shall undesand tus a e
S o u m e moe COucopt
hWe will detaud pinipal
Agumet Geneval
Agument ting Some exanple PA Pincipal hagame
2nd quodsant
SEquadawt (PA 0)
IA TA (PA 6 E
-3+4i
3+u1)
A X N O=A-
ed RA 3
RA
3
tan&=tan0=). tand-
3 pA -tan
PA-6 tan tan
PA n-tan
3d quadrant u t quadyad
LA IA
b o t
c k e t
Sdes
B r a
(pen
3
A Odz-0
tana
(-3-i)
ana -Y
PA= &tan
PA 6-A1d -A+ton =PA s-d = -tan
1indind the phinaipal Agumeut u e tolloudtung
COmpleX no
a43 -243i -1-i (-30
O343i
SOTn
Fit uadvant )
PA & d =
tan
-2+3i (2d mod ot)
IA
( +3i)
>RA
2
tan
Lan
PA N-d - tan
2-3i (3d quadran
2-3
tand1
tan
P-A e= + d -- T+ tan"
2-3 (ut uadant)
Not-6
tan 3
tan 23
tan
xopeties cComplex Argumers
OAg (zI-Z2.73
- + a g Zn
a 2 as 22
z" -
n az
0sg Z 2 ang z
(5) 1f agz =
a z z is puely e a
6)14 Z1+Za =
Z-72
4-2 1 ZZ2
z+2a =_I2,l+|z2
Zt
az-z2-0
C hat will be
3
tue aguwmem ohe Cowplex no
Z =-1)
el/
(a) l () 3 ( 5n/12 (4) 3n/s
Sotn Cose+isine = e (Euler's fomula)
i-
elnla
i i-1)2
cosT+iing 2
+i
-2 +2
1+ai
an2a-242
az a-2+i)- ay (tai)
(Using 2
ag z -tan2 tan/
g in 2nd quad 1st qnd
aurg in
0 z = n -tan ' 1 -tan
-
ag z 12-3-un
12
SA
zp-1i=i). ind t )
(a) 2 C
(d T/y
3
Son'
z(2-2-4i (a+i)"
(2-23)
anaz g (+2)= ayiti)-a»g[a-14
(2-Ti)
ayz yy(iti) -2 arg(2-24i)
y tan tan
a + yn+ 8
3 1 z= Cos8 t isin e hen Z- =
?
(a) 2cos6 (C) 2i cose 2 i sine
Z COse +istn e = e G6
z- z
ele-1,e t8
e
Cose+ iSin &(Cose isin 0)
z- z
Cos+isine -Cos6+1S1n
z- 2isine
T fZ Zz ae tw0 0n-Zero Complex rumbe
Such that |zI +Z2| =
|zlt12 e
ah Z - angz2 S egual to
to
a
C (d -T
Ssn
Z+72-Izi]+|z|
72
a Z- a Z2 o
5The paincipal aumpitude o (2-1) (1-2i) is in
the futewa
( (a) ( () A) e{
Sd -(1-2) (2-i) (1 +ei)-2-1-2i) ={2-i) {1--4i)
2i3-ui) = -6-8it?i-y
-10 - S
(16
-10-5
agumeut ues in e tuteWal
-A)
1f 4 ane
meuts oz4T2
ahgu
ten Vadue o nge1z)i
(a) S
aa (z) Ns amg7) ny
o
ay Cz1.7a)
ang21- na)
2).22) un-3 Th
2
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