2nd International Conference on “Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering
(AECE 2022) July 14-15, 2022
IOT BASED EARLY FLOOD DETECTION AND AVOIDANCE
Ayushi Patel 1, Arun Kumar2, Sheetal Singh 3, Renu Rani4, Hashmat Usmani5
1Student,Dept. Of Electronics & Communication Engineering,RKGIT,UP,India
2Student,Dept. Of Electronics & Communication Engineering,RKGIT,UP,India
3Student,Dept. Of Electronics & Communication Engineering,RKGIT,UP,India
4Asst. Professor,Dept. Of Electronics & Communication Engineering,RKGIT,UP,India
5Asst. Professor,Dept. Of Electronics & Communication Engineering,RKGIT,UP,India
Abstract— Flood is a Hazardous phenomenon by which world is encountering from several years . This problem
also had been experienced in India and can be experienced in upcoming decades. Thus this problem needs to be
solved. And to solve this problem in India , ISRO has Developed and uses SAR flood Monitoring System but this
generates a report on national level only . So for Solving this problem at Regional level or where the areas are small
we can surely use an IOT based Flood Detection and Avoidance System.This System focuses on real time
monitoring and generating Alerts of flood events. Hence this Designing can save a lot of casualty and serve
mankind.So we are developing this project to use the concept of the Internet of Things to inform people about the
coming flood. To do this, we use Android apps to bring our users closer. The project focuses on early flood
detection and flood mitigation and prevention measures. The system involves placing sensor nodes in specific flood-
prone locations to monitor and detect floods in real time. Flash floods and floods associated with runoff or flooding
are successfully tracked in real time, saving people a lot of time in preparing for predicted floods and protecting
them from the effects of flooding.
Keyword- Arduino, Bolt IOT Wi-fi Module, Moisture Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor.
I. INTRODUCTION detection and avoidance model using IOT and
Sensor Network that involves consideration of
The wet season in India lasts from June to three fundamental elements: data collecting via
October each year. Early rainfall typically water level sensors, data processing, and the
occurs in June. Each year, the heavy rain begins broadcast of flood warning information.
in July and lasts through October, with few Although installing automatic flood warning
showers in November. Both the environment systems might be fairly expensive, the cost of
and lives are lost as a result of this. Floods are any such system is primarily determined by the
caused by heavy rain, structural issues, and a number of Sensor site locations. to address the
variety of human influences. Flooding is issue of floods detection.
influenced by antecedent moisture conditions, The Y89 Moisture Sensors that we are
terrain, geology, land use, and amount and kind employing will serve as the water level sensors.
of precipitation. [1] where the relationship between the resistance
In 2018, severe flooding affected the Indian state value and soil moisture will be linear. The water
of Kerala due to unusually heavy rainfall during level in a body will be tracked using the HC
the monsoon period. It was the worst flooding in SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor. [2]
the state of Kerala in nearly a century. More
than 374 people died in two weeks. Of the state's
42 dams, 35 have opened for the first time in
history. Kerala received heavy rain in the
evening of mid-August, filling the dam for the
first 24 hours. 310mm of rain fell during the
week.
To create a Real Time Flood Detection and
Avoidance Solution We suggested a flood
Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad Page 459
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4159183
2nd International Conference on “Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering
(AECE 2022) July 14-15, 2022
WiFi module. [3] The provision for dispersing
the critical level of water in the water body is
being added through connecting servo motors
which represent heavy duty motors which can be
used to control the dam gates if required.
Android application is being used on BOLT IOT
platform and smartphone to alert users in flood
area, where all alerts can be delivered to the user
and data about disaster control can be obtained
by the user as required. can go. Submit your
manuscript electronically for review. Prepare it
in a two-column format, including figures and
tables (unless it fits properly and the data is not
visible).
III. FLOW CHART
Once we turn on the circuit the Bolt IOT WIFI
module will attempt to establish a WiFi
connection and once the connection is successful
and the circuit is connected to internet and cloud
services, data from all relevant sensors will be
II. DESIGN METHODOLOGY
logged, this data will then be compared with it.
Safe and critical values stored on the cloud, if
the values of the sensors are outside the critical
value, the data will be updated on the cloud, the
user will be alerted by push notification on the
Android app and if necessary the doors of the
dam will be opened by this. Servo motor and
water will be released to the extent that the dam
As we follow along with the block diagram, it is is under critical limits. [4] Now, if the values are
clear that the CPU used here is Arduino UNO well under the security range, the data will only
which is a single chip CPU and all the different be updated on the cloud and the information will
modules and sensors are connected to it. We are be displayed on the LCD display as well as on
using a pair of soil moisture sensors to detect the the user's smartphone on the graphical interface
ground water level, while we have used a HC of the Android application.
SR04 ultrasonic sensor to determine the
reference to the water level in a stored water
body like dams or reservoirs. has done. 16x2
LCD display is used to determine the operational IV. HARDWARE DETAILS
status of the project on board and connectivity to
the internet is made possible through Bolt IOT . Ultrasonic Sensor HC SR04
Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad Page 460
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4159183
2nd International Conference on “Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering
(AECE 2022) July 14-15, 2022
The water level in a body of water confined by a
Dam Reservoir is found using the HC SR04 Arduino IDE is an open source software
Ultrasonic sensor. Using the V cc Ground sensor platform which is used for compiling code
pins and regulated + 5V, it may be powered. The ,feasible in C and C++. It is an official Arduino
sensor can therefore be directly powered by the software and It is very easy and common to use.
board's 5V PIN because it only consumes less The IDE environment has editor and compiler
than 15mA of electricity. This sensor is a highly that is used for compiling and uploading the
well-liked sensor that is employed in many code into the given Arduino module.
applications where sensitivity or distance
measurement is necessary The sensor works . Twilio
with the simple high school formula:
Distance = Speed × Time. Twilio turns real world events into virtual
signals that software can handle. It is used to
. Soil Moisture Sensor send messages and alerts. It makes web service
It is used to find out the volumetric content of API s so developers can build their own reliable,
the water .It contain two probes that allows the communications medium for SMS and alerts.
current to pass through the soil from where the
resistance value measures the moisture content.
If the water level is more or high the electricity
conduction becomes high with low
resistivity.But in case of dry soil conduction
become poor resulting in more resistance
. LM 35 Temperature sensor
It is used to measure and detect the temperature
and humidity over a surface. It is connected to
Arduino which convert temperature into voltage
that lies between 2.7V to 5.5V.During the rise in
temperature of water ,it will help in information
of prediction of upcoming flood.
Arduino UNO
It plays a major Role in flood Monitoring and
Alerting System . In order to predict level ,
Arduino is connected to various sensors like Bolt IOT Cloud
Temperature sensor,Ultrasonic sensor and many
more.Arduino collects all the database from the Bolt cloud is used to IOT devices and write the
Surrounding and send it to the Bolt Wi-fi code and configure only on the desktop. It is
Module which gives the Alerts about the Water used to monitor and control and setup the
level. device. It basically controls the data collected
from the module and creates own cloud to
V. SOFTWARE DETAILS process the data.
Arduino IDE
Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad Page 461
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4159183
2nd International Conference on “Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering
(AECE 2022) July 14-15, 2022
VII. REFRENCES
[1] Sonali Patil, Jija Pisal, Aishwarya patil. A
Real time Solution to Flood Monitoring
System using IoT and Wireless Sensors
Networks,Feb 2019 .
[2] Mr. Prasad D.Kadam, Mr.Alok singh,
Ms.Osheen Bhau.”Flood Early Detection
.Mailgun and avoidance By IoT,”International
Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology(IRJET)07 July 2020.
[3] J.Padhya,V.Firoiu,and D.Towsley,”A
stochastic model of TCP Reno Congestion
avoidance and
control,”Univ.of,Massachusetts,
Amherst,MA,CMPSCI tech.Rep.99-
02,1999.
[4] Sebin Sabu1 and Nora Elizabeth,”Kerela
Floods-A Model of Rescue and Rehabilitation
using Information Technology and Social Media
based Crowdsourcing,” IEEE India
Info.Vol.13.3 Jul-Sep 2018.
Mailgun is an Email service for sending,
receiving and tracking emails. It is third party
email service used to send alerts. Mailgun would
be used to send alerts through email to its owned
, registered and respective users.
VI. CONCLUSION
Nowadays Worldwide, IOT is broadly used . This
project can be very helpful to meteorological
department for continuously monitoring the
Dams and river beds. This project can serve
mankind in small areas very effectively. It is very
cost effective and flexible in rural areas.
Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad Page 462
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4159183
