Norton University College of Arts, Humanities, and Languages

REVISION FOR THE MIDTERM EXAMINATION

PART ONE: GRAMMAR
UNIT ONE: PRESENT SIMPLE
Use
We use the Present Simple to talk about:
• Habits
I get up at 5:30 A.M.
She plays tennis with her friends every Monday.
I watch TV every day.

• Facts/truth
The earth goes round the sun.
Singapore is a small country.
She works in a marketing company.

Form
• Positive
Subject + am/is/are + noun/adjective/preposition. You are a student.
Subject + verb 1 + object. I live with my family.

• Negative
Subject + am/is/are + not + noun/adjective/preposition. I am not happy.
Subject + do/does not + verb (base form) + object. She doesn’t know.

• Question
Am/Is/Are + subject + noun/adjective/preposition? Are you a doctor?
Do/Does + subject + verb (base form) + object? Does Tim like pets?

Rules for he/she/it

• We add -s to most verbs.
Examples: read-reads, sing-sings, take-takes, design-designs, sleep-sleeps, etc.
He reads books.

• If a verb ends in -ch, -o, -sh, or -ss, we add -es.

Examples: finish-finishes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, dress-dresses, watch-watches, etc.
Lee watches TV.

• If a verb ends in a consonant (b, c, d, f, etc.) + -y, we change -y to -ies.

Examples: reply-replies, hurry-hurries, cry-cries, carry-carries, try-tries, copy-copies, etc.
He cries.

• If a verb ends in a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) + -y, we add -s.

Examples: play-plays, say-says, enjoy-enjoys, obey-obeys, pay-pays, etc.
She plays.

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Time expressions
- every day / every month / every year / every morning /every night / every weekend
- in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening
- once a day / once a week / once a month / once a year
- twice a day / twice a week / twice a month / twice a year
- always / usually / often / sometimes / rarely / never

Frequency adverbs
- always I always try my best.
- usually He usually plays badminton with his colleagues.
- often Tom often helps his mom at the market.
- sometimes He sometimes works from home.
- rarely I rarely play sports.
- never We never drink coffee.

Practice
A. Write the third-person singular form of the verbs below.
1. go _______________ 11. drive _______________
2. eat _______________ 12. buy _______________
3. play _______________ 13. tidy _______________
4. run _______________ 14. brush _______________
5. watch _______________ 15. want _______________
6. do _______________ 16. live _______________
7. wash _______________ 17. listen _______________
8. read _______________ 18. have _______________
9. cry _______________ 19. sleep _______________
10. sit _______________ 20. try _______________

B. Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple.

1. Rana ________________ (be) a very pretty girl.
2. I ________________ (have) many jobs.
3. Water ________________ (boil) at 100 degrees.
4. They ________________ (enjoy) playing football.
5. My brother ________________ (not speak) English.
6. Maria and Janice ________________ (study) in high school.
7. John ________________ (watch) television every day.
8. _________ you _________ (know) Tim?
9. _________ she _________ (swim)?
10. Where _________ you _________ (live)?

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UNIT TWO: PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Use
• Actions that are happening now
E.g. You are studying.

• Actions that are happening around now

E.g. I am reading a novel this week.

• Temporary situations
E.g. I am living with my uncle this week.

• Arrangements with other people (future actions)

E.g. I am giving a presentation at the conference tomorrow.

Form
• Positive
Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing. You are listening.

• Negative
Subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing. You are not listening.

• Question
Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing? Are you listening?

Time expressions
- now
- at the moment
- still
- for the time being
- currently

Note that the following verbs are not usually used with the Present Continuous:
- like - prefer - belong
- love - know - possess
- need - own - fear
- hate - dislike - owe
- want - care - believe
- understand - contain - realize

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Comparison
Present Simple Present Continuous
Use Use
1. Facts or things that are generally true 1. Actions that are happening now
E.g. I like reading books. E.g. I am reading a book right now.

2. Habits or repeated actions 2. Actions that are happening around now

E.g. I read books every night. E.g. I am reading a fantasy book this week.

3. Permanent actions 3. Temporary actions

E.g. I live in Cambodia. E.g. I am living in Cambodia.

4. Timetables (future actions) 4. Arrangements with other people (future actions)

E.g. My train leaves at 8 A.M. E.g. I am meeting my old friends tomorrow.

Form Form
(+) Subject + verb 1. (+) Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing.
E.g. You run. E.g. I am running.

(-) Subject + don't/doesn't + verb (base form). (-) Subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing.
E.g. You don’t run. E.g. I am not running

(?) Do/Does + subject + verb (base form)? (?) Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
E.g. Do you run? E.g. Are you running?

Practice
A. Write the -ing form.
1. have ___________
2. eat ___________
3. put ___________
4. say ___________
5. begin ___________
6. get ___________
7. write ___________
8. study ___________
9. hit ___________
10. travel ___________
11. speak ___________
12. lie ___________
13. see ___________
14. take ___________
15. die ___________

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B. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the Present Continuous.
1. The team members ______________ (stay) late to finish the annual report.
2. What ____________ you ____________ (do) over there?
3. ____________ you ____________ (plan) a big wedding?
4. She ____________ (not do) her homework right now.
5. I ________________ (work) from home at the moment.

C. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1. Kim ________________ (be) a math teacher.
2. I ________________ (write) an essay at the moment.
3. He ________________ (go) to work at 7 o’clock every day.
4. I ________________ (not work) at weekends.
5. Be quiet! I ________________ (talk) on the phone.

UNIT THREE: PAST SIMPLE

Use
• We use the Past Simple to talk about actions in the past which happened at a specific time.
E.g. We started our business five years ago.
I went to Thailand last year.
She had an interview yesterday.

Form
• Positive
Subject + verb 2. I visited Angkor Wat.
Subject + was/were + adj/n/prep. You were a kid.

• Negative
Subject + did not + verb (base form). I did not visit Angkor Wat.
Subject + was not/were not + adj/n/prep. You were not a kid.

• Question
Did + subject + verb (base form)? Did you visit Angkor Wat?
Was/ Were + subject + adj/n/prep? Were you a kid?

Regular and irregular verbs

• Regular verbs
To form regular verbs, you have to add -ed at the end of the verbs.
care-cared, chop-chopped, try-tried, play-played
E.g. I cared about my family.
E.g. He chopped down the trees.
E.g. They tried to do it.
E.g. They played games.

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Pronunciation of -ed
The pronunciation of words ending in -ed depends on the final consonant sound.
There are three ways to pronounce words ending in -ed: /t/ /d/ /id/
/t/ /d/ /id/
voiceless voiced voiced
C danced B rubbed T wanted, started
F sniffed G damaged D needed, decided
K looked L called
P helped M claimed
CH watched N cleaned
SH washed R offered
SS kissed S used
GH laughed V loved
X fixed Z amazed
Words that end in a vowel sound use the /d/ sound to pronounce.
E.g. free – freed, continue – continued, try – tired, play – played, etc.
Please note that the voiced sound uses the vocal cords and they produce a vibration in the throat.

Irregular verbs
• To form irregular verbs, you need to remember the list of irregular verbs.
be -was/were, have-had, see-saw, go-went, eat-ate, write-wrote.
E.g. I had lunch with my friends last week.

Some examples of irregular verbs.

1. become - became 26. know - knew
2. begin - began 27. leave - left
3. blow - blew 28. lose - lost
4. break - broke 29. make - made
5. bring - brought 30. mean - meant
6. buy - bought 31. meet - met
7. choose - chose 32. pay - paid
8. come - came 33. put - put
9. do - did 34. quit - quit
10. draw - drew 35. read - read
11. drink - drank 36. ride - rode
12. drive - drove 37. rise - rose
13. eat - ate 38. run - ran
14. fall - fell 39. say - said
15. feel - felt 40. see - saw
16. fight - fought 41. sell - sold
17. find - found 42. send - sent
18. fly - flew 43. speak - spoke
19. forget - forgot 44. swim - swam
20. get - got 45. take - took
21. give - gave 46. teach - taught
22. go - went 47. tell - told
23. have - had 48. think - thought
24. hear – heard 49. understand - understood
25. keep - kept 50. write - wrote
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Time expressions
- last Friday / last week / last month / last year / last summer
- four hours ago / two days ago / three years ago
- yesterday / yesterday morning / yesterday afternoon
- when I was at school / when I was on holiday
- in 1999 / in 2020 / in 2022
Practice
A. Write the Past Simple.
1. go ______________ 11. keep ______________
2. write ______________ 12. put ______________
3. eat ______________ 13. think ______________
4. sleep ______________ 14. take ______________
5. ride ______________ 15. fly ______________
6. buy ______________ 16. break ______________
7. swim ______________ 17. meet ______________
8. forget ______________ 18. know ______________
9. have ______________ 19. pay ______________
10. do ______________ 20. drink ______________

B. Make the Past Simple: positive, negative or question.

1. _________________ (she/make) good coffee?
2. They _________________ (live) in Paris.
3. She _________________ (read) the newspaper yesterday.
4. I _________________ (not/watch) TV.
5. He _________________ (not/study) for the exam.
6. _________________ (he/call) you?
7. What _________________ (you/forget)?
8. What time _________________ (the film/start)?
9. He _________________ (have) a shower.
10. Why _________________ (you/come)?
C. Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete each sentence.
It can be the Present Simple, the Present Continuous, or the Past Simple.
1. What _________________ (you/do)?
2. I _________________ (visit) Spain last summer.
3. She _________________ (not do) her homework at the moment.
4. _________________ (you/understand) the lesson?
5. Currently, John _________________ (stay) at his friend's apartment.
6. What _________________ (you/do) now?
7. We _________________ (not go) out last night.
8. When I was a kid, I _________________ (live) with my grandparents.
9. They _________________ (build) this hotel in 1990.
10. What time _________________ (you/go) to bed?
11. I _________________ (love) eating pizza and drinking coffee.
12. My mother _________________ (buy) a new dress yesterday.
13. I _________________ (meet) my old friends tonight.
14. The second semester _________________ (start) on 1st February.
15. What _________________ (I/tell) you last time?
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PART TWO: VOCABULARY

Types of companies

airline financial services

bank law firm
car manufacturer oil company
confectionery producer pharmaceutical company
coffee producer retailer
department store shipping company
e-commerce company travel agency
electronic goods producer television company

Jobs
accountant optician
architect photographer
banker plumber
chef shop assistant
computer programmer systems analyst
electrician taxi driver
engineer teacher
hotel receptionist tour guide
journalist travel agent

Make Do Have

make a mistake do well have a bath

make money do someone a favor have a look
make a decision do research have fun
make trouble do some exercise have a break/rest
make a phone call do a good job have a chance
make a profit have an idea
make a complaint have a good time
make an appointment have trouble
make an arrangement

Types of holiday Accommodation Transport

wildlife campsite coach/bus

sightseeing bed and breakfast taxi
cycling resort metro/subway/underground
beach hotel plane
package rented flat/villa ferry/ship
hiking motel hire car

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Vocabulary about travelling

blog holiday program ticket inspector

boarding card in-flight entertainment ticket office
boarding pass online booking train ticket
check-in desk overhead locker travel agent
departure lounge passport control travel guide
excess baggage security announcement travel website
flight attendant sharp items unattended baggage
hand luggage social network site window seat

Practice
A. Match A to B.
A B
1. airline a. a place where you can buy a variety of products
2. bank b. a company that offers dramas, movies, news, and shows
3. car manufacturer c. a company that produces cars
4. oil company d. a company that produces and sells coffee
5. coffee producer e. a place where you can deposit or withdraw money
6. department store f. a company that sells flights
7. e-commerce company g. a company that sells products or service online
8. electronic goods producer h. a company that produces or sells oil
9. television company i. a company that produces white goods

B. Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences.

an optician a shop assistant a hotel receptionist a chef a taxi driver
an electrician a plumber a journalist a photographer an architect
1. A person who serves customers in a store is called ____________.
2. A person who cooks and prepares food is called ____________.
3. A person who takes photos is called ____________.
4. A person who designs buildings is called ____________.
5. A person who takes passengers from one place to another is called ____________.
6. A person who fits and fixes water pipes, drains, etc. is called ____________.
7. A person who writes articles for newspapers and magazines is called ____________.
8. A person who fixes lighting. wiring. etc. is called ____________.
9. A person who checks people's eyesight is called ____________.
10. A person who helps people check in and out of a hotel is called ____________.
C. Complete the gaps using have, do, or make.
1. _________ a bath 12. _________ an arrangement
2. _________ a chance 13. _________ an idea
3. _________ a complaint 14. _________ fun
4. _________ a decision 15. _________ a break
5. _________ a good job 16. _________ money
6. _________ a good time 17. _________ research
7. _________ a look 18. _________ a rest
8. _________ a mistake 19. _________ some exercise
9. _________ a phone call 20. _________ someone a favor
10. _________ a profit 21. _________ trouble
11. _________ an appointment 22. _________ well

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D. Find the word in the puzzle. Words can go in any direction. Words can share letters as they cross over
each other.

boarding pass check-in desk departure lounge excess baggage hand luggage
overhead locker ticket office train ticket window seat

E. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.

complaints sightseeing optician wildlife journalist passengers
mistakes plumber transport accommodation
announcement favour headquarters standstill appointment

1. Please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete __________.
2. This is a security __________. Passengers are reminded that they must not leave baggage unattended.
3. This is the final boarding call for __________ on flight AS309 to Seoul. Please proceed to gate 1 immediately.
4. You should go on a __________ holiday if you love seeing new places.
5. A __________ holiday is a holiday in which you can see wild animals and forests.
6. Lee is an __________. He checks people’s eyesight.
7. Dara is a good __________. He can fix broken pipes or toilets.
8. Customers usually make __________ if their orders are late.
9. I need to make an __________ with Dr. Ken tomorrow afternoon.
10. I am really busy. Can you do me a __________?
11. The __________ of Panasonic Corporation are in Japan.
12. Bicycles are a cheap form of __________.
13. Kim is a __________. She always writes articles for magazines and newspapers.
14. Students sometimes make __________ when they write essays.
15. The hotel will be your __________ for the weekend.

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PART THREE: WORK SKILLS

Talking about your job

job part-time job

company hours per week
department colleague
responsibility place of work
full-time job travel

Writing an email
Match A to B.
A B

1. Subject A. Dear Tom Johnson,

2. Salutation B. Best regards,
3. Reference to previous contact C. I am writing about your request.
4. The reason you are writing D. Please find the attached document below.
5. Action point(s) E. Accepting your request
6. Reference to attachment(s) F. Sarah Watson
7. Closing Stock Controller
8. Sender's name and signature Graham Company
G. It was a pleasure to meet you last week.
H. I have decided to accept what you
requested.

Starting and ending a phone call

● ______ speaking. How can I help you?

● Could I speak to _________, please?
● May I ask who’s calling?
● Who’s calling?
● Could you ask ______ to call me back?
● Could you hold the line?
● This is just a quick call.
● Hold on a second.
● I’ll call you when I __________.
● Okay, well I think that’s everything.
● My pleasure.
● See you next week.
● It’s good to speak to you.
● I’ll be in touch again soon.

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PART FOUR: FUNCTIONS
First meetings and greetings
Introducing yourself
Hi, I'm _______. Can I introduce myself? I'm ___________.
Introducing and meeting someone
Do you know _________ This is _______. Let me introduce you to _________.
Greeting someone you know
Hello / Hi / Good morning! / Good afternoon! / Good evening!
Pleased to meet you. / Very pleased to meet you.
Great to see you. / Good to see you. / It's nice to see you again.
How are you? / How are things?

Talking about schedules and arrangements; going to

We use the Present Simple to talk about timetables.

Examples The plane departs at 14:20.
The meeting is on 6th December.
We use the Present Continuous to talk about arrangements with other people.
Examples She's giving a presentation at the conference tomorrow.
How long are you staying?
We use be going to to talk about plans and intentions.
Examples They're going to discuss the problem at the next meeting.
Are you going to visit the Pearl Tower when you're in Shanghai?

Asking for and giving advice

We use the following phrases to ask for advice.
● What's the best way to learn English?
● Should I change money before we go?
● Do you think we should organize a party for her?
● What should we do about the noise?
● Do we need to take our passports?
We use the following phrases to give advice.
● (I think) you should study every day.
● I (don't) think you should watch films in English.
● Why don't you just take a credit card?
● If I were you, I would talk to your boss about it.
● You need to check the timetable.
● The best thing to do is wait.
Need is followed by to and a verb. Why don't you, should and If I were you are followed by a verb.
Examples I need to tell you something.
Why don’t you go with us?
If I were you, I would disagree.
When giving negative advice with I think, we add the negative to think not to should:
Example I don't think you should fly business class.
(I think you shouldn’t fly business class).

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