DAVPS, CRRC, MEDICAL ROAD, GAYA
[Link] GEOGRAPHY CH – 06 POPULATION
A. Fill in the blanks –
1. The total number of people living in a particular area, in a particular period of time is
called Population.
2. Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in
both the area of departure and arrival.
3. A census is an official enumeration of population done periodically. In India, the first
census was held in the year 1872. The first complete census, however, was taken in
the year 1881. Since then, censuses have been held regularly every tenth year.
4. A large proportion of children in a population is a result of high birth rates.
5. The magnitude of population growth refers to the number of persons added each
year.
6. According to the Census, a “literate” person is one who is 7 years old and can read
and write any language with understanding.
7. The distribution of the population according to different types of occupation is
referred to as the occupational structure.
B. Answer the following questions –
1. Define Population.
Ans. The total number of people living in a particular area, in a particular period of time is
called Population.
2. Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?
Ans. The rate of population growth in India is declining since 1981. Some main reasons
behind this are –
(a) Increase in literacy rate
(b) Attraction towards small or nuclear family
(c) Women’s education
(d) Increase in health facilities
(e) Campaign of government to promote the thought of small family
3. Discuss the major components of population growth.
Ans. The major components of population growth are –
(a) Birth rate – Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a
major component of growth because in India, birth rates have always been higher than
death rates.
(b) Death rate – Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The
main cause of the rate of growth of the Indian population has been the rapid decline in
death rates.
(c) Migration – Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories.
Migration can be internal (within the country) or international (between the
countries).
4. Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.
Ans.
(a) Age structure – Age structure refers to the number of people in different age groups in
a country.
(b) Death rate – Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.
(c) Birth rate – Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year.
5. How is migration a determinant factor of population change?
Ans. Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. It is a
determinant factor of population change.
(a) It changes not only the population size but also the population composition of
urban and rural populations in terms of age and sex composition.
(b) In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a steady increase in the
percentage of population in cities and towns.
(c) The urban population has increased from 17.29 per cent of the total population in
1951 to 31.80 per cent in 2011.
6. Distinguish between population growth and population change.
Ans. The difference between Population Growth and Populations Change are –
Population Growth Population Change
Population Growth is the addition of the Population Change is the change in
people in the existing population during composition, distribution and size of
a given period of time. population during a given period of time.
It leads to increase in population. It can increase or decrease population.
It does not alter the composition of the It can alter the composition of the
population. population.
Population Change can be determined by
Population growth can be determined by
the difference between the size of the
the difference between birth rate and
population from the beginning to the
death rate with migration per year
end of a certain time period.
7. What is the relation between occupational structure and development?
Ans. Relationship between occupational structure and development are –
(a) Development is related to the occupational structure by population.
(b) A higher percentage of the population being engaged in occupations like agriculture,
animal husbandry, forestry, and fishing which is a primary occupation leads to
underdeveloped countries.
(c) An increase in development in the country increases the secondary occupation such
as manufacturing.
(d) The tertiary occupation involves occupations like banking, commerce, transport, and
administration, which can be seen in highly developed countries.
8. What are the advantages of having a healthy population?
Ans. Advantages of having a healthy population are –
(a) Health is an important component of population composition, which affects the
process of development.
(b) A healthy population take part in different economic activities and enhances the
economic growth of the country.
(c) It helps in building up a productive workforce and makes the nation strong in all
spheres.
(d) Healthy people know their potential so that they may play an important role in the
social, economic, and national development of the country.
9. What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Ans. The significant features of the National Population Policy 2000 are –
(a) The NPP 2000 provides a policy framework for imparting free and compulsory school
education up to 14 years of age.
(b) To reduce infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births.
(c) To promote delayed marriage for girls.
(d) Making family welfare a people-centred programme.
(e) NPP 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major section of the population that
need greater attention.
[Link] primarily concerned with three major questions about population. Write about
them.
Ans. We primarily concerned with following three major questions about population –
(a) Population size and distribution – How many people are there and where are they
located?
(b) Population growth and processes of population change – How has the population
grown and changed through time?
(c) Characteristics or qualities of the population – What are their age, sex composition,
literacy levels, occupational structure and health conditions?
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